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This species is accepted, and its native range is Tropical & S. Africa to Tropical & Subtropical Asia.

[FZ]

Boraginaceae, E. S. Martins (Trichodesma by R. K. Brummit). Flora Zambesiaca 7:4. 1990

Morphology General Habit
A biennial or sometimes perennial herb 0.3–1.2(1.8) m. high with erect annual stems, shortly hispid with antrorse hairs toward the apex, spreading below and sometimes retrorse near the base.
Morphology Leaves
Inferior leaves with petiole 2.5–8(13) cm. long, the superior ones almost sessile; lamina of the inferior leaves 8–15(20) x 2–4(6.5) cm., lanceolate to oblanceolate, that of the superior ones 2–6(8) x 0.4–1.8 cm., lanceolate to sublinear, roughish to shortly hispid above, roughish to pubescent below, acute at apex, attenuate at base and decurrent on the petiole; midrib and 2 lateral veins in all leaves usually prominent below.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences
Cymes ebracteate above the first flower, often divaricate.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers
Flowers with pedicels 1.0–2.5(3) mm. long, a little accrescent and recurved in fruit.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Calyx
Calyx 1.0–1.5 mm. long, divided to near the base; lobes ovate to oblong-ovate, roughish to shortly hispid outside, ciliate, glabrous inside, rounded at apex.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Corolla
Corolla 1.5–2.6 mm. long, white or blue or with the tube mauve and the limb white or bluish but deep blue at throat, glabrous; tube 0.7–1.4 mm. long, campanulate; lobes 0.6–1.5 x 0.6–1.5 mm., oblong-ovate to subcircular, rounded at apex; fornices much broader than long, semilunar.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Androecium Stamens
Stamens inserted at 0.6–0.9 mm. from the base of the corolla tube; anthers 0.4–0.6 mm. long, oblong; Filaments 0.2–0.3 mm. long.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Gynoecium Style
Style thick, up to 1.5 mm. long in fruit.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits
Nutlets 1.5–2.5 x 1.2–1.8 mm. (without glochids), ovate, united to the style by a strap which detaches itself at complete maturity ± equally covered with 0.5–1.0 mm. long glochids; outer surface flat or convex, not marginate.

[FTEA]

Boraginaceae, B. Verdcourt. Flora of Tropical East Africa. 1991

Morphology General Habit
Annual or biennial (rarely ? perennial) herb 0.2–1.2 m. tall, branched from the base or ± unbranched below but mostly with upper inflorescence-bearing part well-branched; taproot thick, up to 20 × 2 cm.; stems drying brownish, with sparse to dense white adpressed to spreading slightly tubercle-based hairs.
Morphology Leaves
Leaves elliptic, lanceolate or elliptic-lanceolate, 2–13(–18) cm. long, 0.5–4(–5) cm. wide, acute at the apex, ± rounded at the base, scabrid with tubercle-based hairs from rings of cystoliths, breaking off to leave tubercles; venation ± impressed above, raised beneath; lower leaves with petioles developed, upper ± sessile.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences
Inflorescences terminal and axillary, usually characteristically divaricately bifid, rapidly elongating, 1–20 cm. long, the individual branches mostly (2.5–)4–1 3(–22) cm. long; flowers typically small; pedicels ± 1 mm. long up to 2.5 mm. and mostly recurved in fruit.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Calyx
Sepals oblong, elliptic or ovate, 0.8–2 mm. long, 0.4–1.3 mm. wide, ± unequal and mostly 2 mm. long in fruit, with tubercle-based hairs outside.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Corolla
Corolla usually white or sometimes pale blue or with a blue centre; tube 1 mm. long; lobes rounded-ovate to oblong, 0.5–2 mm. long, 0.5–1 mm. wide; anthers 0.5 mm. long; style 0.2–0.3 mm. long.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits
Fruits yellow-brown when ripe, 4–5 mm. wide, the nutlets subglobose-obovoid, 1.5–2 mm. in diameter, evenly covered all over with slender glochidia over 0.5 mm. long, separating easily at maturity; fruiting style ± 0.5(–1.3) mm. long, narrowly oblong and compressed, almost winged in dry state.
Figures
Fig. 29/2, p. 105.
Habitat
Grassland, bushland, often as a weed in plantations, cultivation edges, murram roadsides and other areas of bare soil; (?600–)1140–2040(-?2520) m.
Distribution
widespread from Arabia to S. & W. Africa and to India, Malaysia and China K3 K4 K5 K6 K7 T1 T2 T3 T4 T5 T6 T7 T8 U1

[FSOM]

M. Thulin et al. Flora of Somalia, Vol. 1-4 [updated 2008] https://plants.jstor.org/collection/FLOS

Morphology General Habit
Herb, 0.2–1.2 m tall, from a thick taproot; stems and leaves ± hispid
Morphology Leaves
Leaves lanceolate to narrowly elliptic, 2–18 x 0.5–4 cm, attenuate at the base, acute at the apex, the lower ones petiolate
Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences
Inflorescences usually with paired branches, quickly elongating, c. 2–15 cm long; pedicels 1–3 mm long, elongating and ± recurved in fruit
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Calyx
Calyx-lobes oblong to ovate, 1–2 mm long, hispid outside
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Corolla
Corolla white or pale blue; tube c. 1 mm long; lobes 0.5–2 mm long
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Gynoecium Style
Style c. 0.3 mm long, elongating in fruit
Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits
Nutlets subglobose-obovoid, 1.5–2 mm in diam., covered all over with c. 0.5 mm long glochidiate spines; fruiting style up to 1.3 mm long, angular and almost winged.
Distribution
N1, 2 widespread in tropical Africa and from the southern part of the Arabian peninsula to India, Malaysia and China.
Ecology
Altitude range 1300–2160 m.

[FWTA]

Boraginaceae, H. Heine. Flora of West Tropical Africa 2. 1963

Morphology General Habit
A pilose herb 3-6 ft. high
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers
White or bluish flowers.

Native to:

Angola, Assam, Bangladesh, Benin, Borneo, Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon, Cape Provinces, Central African Repu, China North-Central, China South-Central, China Southeast, Comoros, Congo, East Himalaya, Ethiopia, Free State, Ghana, Gulf of Guinea Is., Hainan, India, Ivory Coast, Japan, Jawa, Kenya, KwaZulu-Natal, Laos, Lesotho, Liberia, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaya, Mozambique, Myanmar, Nansei-shoto, Nepal, Nigeria, Northern Provinces, Pakistan, Philippines, Rwanda, Saudi Arabia, Somalia, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Sulawesi, Sumatera, Swaziland, Taiwan, Tanzania, Thailand, Uganda, Vietnam, West Himalaya, Yemen, Zambia, Zaïre, Zimbabwe

Introduced into:

Ascension

Cynoglossum lanceolatum Forssk. appears in other Kew resources:

Date Reference Identified As Barcode Type Status
Oct 1, 1973 Mbenkum, T. [328], Cameroon K000029810
Brenan, J.P.M. [9541], Cameroon K000029838
Brenan, J.P.M. [9541], Cameroon K000029839
Gardner, G. [620], Sri Lanka K000942357
Drege [s.n.], South Africa K000418901
Drege [s.n.], South Africa K000418902 syntype
Rehmann, A. [4123], South Africa K000418900
Wallich, N. [921], India K000942356 isotype
s.coll. [Cat. no. 921] K001110299
s.coll. [Cat. no. 921] K001110300
s.coll. [Cat. no. 921] K001110301
s.coll. [Cat. no. 921], India K001110302
Wallich, N. [Cat. no. 920], Nepal Cynoglossum vesiculosum K001110297
Wallich, N. [Cat. no. 920], Nepal Cynoglossum vesiculosum K001110298
Wallich, N. [Cat. no. 920], Nepal Cynoglossum vesiculosum K001110308
Wallich, N. [Cat. no. 918], India Cynoglossum canescens K001110286
Wallich, N. [Cat. no. 918], India Cynoglossum canescens K001110287
Wallich, N. [Cat. no. 918], Nepal Cynoglossum canescens K001110288
Wallich, N. [Cat. no. 918], Nepal Cynoglossum canescens K001110289
Wallich, N. [Cat. no. 918], Nepal Cynoglossum canescens K001110290

First published in Fl. Aegypt.-Arab.: 41 (1775)

Accepted by

  • Balkrishna, A. (2018). Flora of Morni Hills (Research & Possibilities): 1-581. Divya Yoga Mandir Trust.
  • Meena, S.L. & Krishna, P.H. (2017). Eight additions to the flora of Gujarat state from Schoolpaneshwar wildlife sanctuary, Narmada district, India Journal of Economic and Taxonomic Botany 41: 116-119.
  • König, J. & al. (2015). A revision of the genus Cynoglossum L. (Boraginaceae Juss.) in Nepal and notes on the widespread Asian species Phytotaxa 224: 1-28.
  • Darbyshire, I., Kordofani, M., Farag, I., Candiga, R. & Pickering, H. (eds.) (2015). The Plants of Sudan and South Sudan: 1-400. Kew publishing, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  • Mostaph, M.K. & Uddin, S.B. (2013). Dictionary of plant names of Bangladesh, Vasc. Pl.: 1-434. Janokalyan Prokashani, Chittagong, Bangladesh.
  • Kumar, S. (2012). Herbaceous flora of Jaunsar-Bawar (Uttarkhand), India: enumerations Phytotaxonomy 12: 33-56.
  • Fischer, E., Rembold, K., Althof, A. & Obholzer, J. (2010). Annotated checklist of the vascular plants of Kakamega forest, Western province, Kenya Journal of East African Natural History 99: 129-226.
  • Maliya, S.D. & Datt, B. (2010). A contribution to the flora of Katarniyaghat wildlife sanctuary, Baharaich district, Uttar Pradesh Journal of Economic and Taxonomic Botany 34: 42-68.
  • Ruengsawang, K. & Chantaranothai, P. (2009). A revision of Boraginaceae subfamily Boraginoideae in Thailand Thai Journal of Botany 1: 89-101.
  • Figueiredo, E. & Smith, G.F. (2008). Plants of Angola Strelitzia 22: 1-279. National Botanical Institute, Pretoria.
  • Newman, M., Ketphanh, S., Svengsuksa, B., Thomas, P., Sengdala, K., Lamxay, V. & Armstrong, K. (2007). A checklist of the vascular plants of Lao PDR: 1-394. Royal Botanic Gardens, Edinburgh.
  • Hedberg, I., Kelbessa, E., Edwards, S., Demissew, S. & Persson, E. (eds.) (2006). Flora of Ethiopia and Eritrea 5: 1-690. The National Herbarium, Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia & The Department of Systematic Botany, Upps.
  • Akoègninou, A., van der Burg, W.J. & van der Maesen, L.J.G. (eds.) (2006). Flore Analytique du Bénin: 1-1034. Backhuys Publishers.
  • Thulin, M. (ed.) (2006). Flora of Somalia 3: 1-626. The Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  • Lê, T.C. (2005). Danh l?c các loài th?c v?t Vi?t Nam 3: 1-1248. Hà N?i : Nhà xu?t b?n Nông nghi?p.
  • Sita, P. & Moutsambote, J.-M. (2005). Catalogue des plantes vasculaires du Congo, ed. sept. 2005: 1-158. ORSTOM, Centre de Brazzaville.
  • Kress, W.J., DeFilipps, R.A., Farr, E. & Kyi, D.Y.Y. (2003). A Checklist of the Trees, Shrubs, Herbs and Climbers of Myanmar Contributions from the United States National Herbarium 45: 1-590. Smithsonian Institution.
  • Germishuizen, G. & Meyer, N.L. (eds.) (2003). Plants of Southern Africa an annotated checklist Strelitzia 14: 1-1231. National Botanical Institute, Pretoria.
  • Grierson, A.J.C. & Long, D.G. (2001). Flora of Bhutan 2: 1-1675. Royal Botanic Gardens, Edinburgh.
  • Collenette, S. (1999). Wildflowers of Saudi Arabia: 1-799. National commission for wildlife conservation and development (NCWCD), Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
  • Govaerts, R. (1999). World Checklist of Seed Plants 3(1, 2a & 2b): 1-1532. MIM, Deurne.
  • Kalkman, C. & al. (eds.) (1997). Flora Malesiana 13: 1-454. Noordhoff-Kolff N.V., Djakarta.
  • Wood, J.R.I. (1997). A handbook of the Yemen Flora: 1-434. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  • Verdcourt, B. (1991). Flora of Tropical East Africa, Boraginaceae: 1-124.
  • Launert, E. & Pope, G.V. (eds.) (1990). Flora Zambesiaca 7(4): 1-114. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  • Ali, S.I. & Nasir, Y.J. (1989). Flora of West Pakistan 191: 1-200.
  • Boulvert, Y. (1977). Catalogue de la Flore de Centrafrique 1: 1-114. ORSTROM, Bangui.
  • Exell, A.W. (1973). Angiosperms of the islands of the gulf of Guinea (Fernando Po, Príncipe, S.Tomé, and Annobon) Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History). Botany 4: 325-411.
  • Taton, A. (1971). Flore du Congo du Rwanda et du Burundi, Boraginaceae: 1-82. Jardin Botanique National de Belgique, Bruxelles.
  • Riedl, H. (1967). Flora Iranica 48: 1-281. Akademische Druck- u. Verlagsanstalt, Graz.

Literature

Flora of West Tropical Africa

  • Brand in Engl. Pflanzenr. 4, 252: 139 (1921)
  • Chev. Bot. 452.
  • F.T.A. 4, 2: 54
  • Fl. Aegypt.-Arab., Descr. Pl. 41 (1775)

Kew Backbone Distributions

  • König, J. & al. (2015). A revision of the genus Cynoglossum L. (Boraginaceae Juss.) in Nepal and notes on the widespread Asian species Phytotaxa 224: 1-28.
  • Darbyshire, I., Kordofani, M., Farag, I., Candiga, R. & Pickering, H. (eds.) (2015). The Plants of Sudan and South Sudan: 1-400. Kew publishing, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  • Mostaph, M.K. & Uddin, S.B. (2013). Dictionary of plant names of Bangladesh, Vasc. Pl.: 1-434. Janokalyan Prokashani, Chittagong, Bangladesh.
  • Fischer, E., Rembold, K., Althof, A. & Obholzer, J. (2010). Annotated checklist of the vascular plants of Kakamega forest, Western province, Kenya Journal of East African Natural History 99: 129-226.
  • Figueiredo, E. & Smith, G.F. (2008). Plants of Angola Strelitzia 22: 1-279. National Botanical Institute, Pretoria.
  • Hedberg, I., Kelbessa, E., Edwards, S., Demissew, S. & Persson, E. (eds.) (2006). Flora of Ethiopia and Eritrea 5: 1-690. The National Herbarium, Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia & The Department of Systematic Botany, Upps.
  • Akoègninou, A., van der Burg, W.J. & van der Maesen, L.J.G. (eds.) (2006). Flore Analytique du Bénin: 1-1034. Backhuys Publishers.
  • Sita, P. & Moutsambote, J.-M. (2005). Catalogue des plantes vasculaires du Congo, ed. sept. 2005: 1-158. ORSTOM, Centre de Brazzaville.
  • Collenette, S. (1999). Wildflowers of Saudi Arabia: 1-799. National commission for wildlife conservation and development (NCWCD), Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
  • Kalkman, C. & al. (eds.) (1997). Flora Malesiana 13: 1-454. Noordhoff-Kolff N.V., Djakarta.
  • Boulvert, Y. (1977). Catalogue de la Flore de Centrafrique 1: 1-114. ORSTROM, Bangui.
  • Exell, A.W. (1973). Angiosperms of the islands of the gulf of Guinea (Fernando Po, Príncipe, S.Tomé, and Annobon) Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History). Botany 4: 325-411.
  • Hepper, F.N. (ed.) (1963). Flora of West Tropical Africa, ed. 2, 2: 1-544.

Flora of Somalia

  • Flora Somalia, Vol 3, (2006) Author: by M. Thulin [updated by M. Thulin 2008]

Flora of Tropical East Africa

  • Martins in Flora Zambesiaca 7(4): 105, t. 30 (1990).
  • Kabuye & Agnew in A.D.Q. Agnew, Upland Kenya Wild Flowers p. 521 (1974).
  • Taton in Flore du Congo Belge, du Ruanda et du Burundi, Borag.: 50 (1971), pro parte.
  • Ivens, E. Afr. Weeds: 79 (1967).
  • Heine in Flora of West Tropical Africa, ed. 2, 2: 324 (1963).
  • Cufod., Enumeratio Plantarum Aethiopiae Spermatophyta (Supplement in Bull. Jard. Bot. Brux.) p. 782 (1962).
  • Robyns, Flore des Spermatophytes du Parc National Albert 2: 130 (1947), pro parte.
  • Brand in A. Engler, Das Pflanzenreich IV. 252 (78): 37, fig. 18/A–G (1921), pro parte.
  • De Wild. in Bulletin du Jardin Botanique de l'État a Bruxelles 7: 38 (1920).
  • Gürke & F. Vaupel in Wissenschaftliche Ergebnisse der Deutschen Zentral-Afrika-Expedition 1907-1908, 2 (Botanik) p. 280 (1911).
  • Bak. & Wright in Flora of Tropical Africa 4(2): 54 (1905), pro parte.
  • C.B.Cl. in Hook.f., Fl. Brit. Ind. 4: 156 (1883), pro parte.
  • Forssk., Fl. Aegypt.-Arab.: 41 (1775).

Art and Illustrations in Digifolia
Digital Image © Board of Trustees, RBG Kew

Flora Zambesiaca
Flora Zambesiaca
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

Flora of Somalia
Flora of Somalia
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

Flora of Tropical East Africa
Flora of Tropical East Africa
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

Flora of West Tropical Africa
Flora of West Tropical Africa
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

Herbarium Catalogue Specimens
'The Herbarium Catalogue, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the Internet http://www.kew.org/herbcat [accessed on Day Month Year]'. Please enter the date on which you consulted the system.
Digital Image © Board of Trustees, RBG Kew http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

Kew Backbone Distributions
The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families 2021. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/
© Copyright 2017 World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

Kew Names and Taxonomic Backbone
The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families 2021. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/
© Copyright 2017 International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

Kew Science Photographs
Digital Image © Board of Trustees, RBG Kew http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/