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  1. Family: Arecaceae Bercht. & J.Presl
    1. Genus: Socratea H.Karst.

      1. Socratea exorrhiza (Mart.) H.Wendl.

        This species is accepted, and its native range is SE. Nicaragua to S. Tropical America.

    [PW]
    Distribution
    Widespread in Central America and South America. In Ecuador it occurs in moist forest on both sides of the Andes, and is often quite common.
    General Description
    Canopy palm. Stem solitary, 10-20 m tall and 10-20 cm in diameter, supported at base by a few, thick, brown stilt roots with numerous short, white root spines. Leaves 1.5-3.5 m long; pinnae 15-25 on each side, longitudinally split into 2-18 unequal segments, these 40-90 cm long. Inflorescence axis 30-60 cm long; branches 5-20, to 40 cm long. Male flowers ca. 1 cm long, with 17-65 stamens. Female flowers ca. 5 mm long. Fruit elongate, 1.5-2.5 cm long, smooth.

    Images

    Distribution

    Native to:

    Bolivia, Brazil North, Brazil Northeast, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guyana, Nicaragua, Panamá, Peru, Suriname, Venezuela

    Socratea exorrhiza (Mart.) H.Wendl. appears in other Kew resources:

    Date Reference Identified As Barcode Type Status
    Oct 13, 2004 Pennington, T.D. [17125], Peru K000208494
    Apr 23, 2001 Lister [308], Venezuela K000520353
    Jan 1, 1986 Jansen-Jacobs, M.J. [340], Guyana K000209466
    Pennington, R.T. [139], Bolivia 29047.706
    Trail, J.W.H. [s.n.], Brazil K000520354
    Trail, J.W.H. [1053], Brazil K000209463
    Milliken, W. [M.515], Brazil 54103.000
    Milliken, W. [1866], Brazil 59731.000
    Thurn [6], Guyana K000209464
    Rusby, H.H. [415], Venezuela K000462938 isotype
    Panama Socratea durissima 29047.308

    First published in Bonplandia (Hannover) 8: 103 (1860)

    Accepted by

    • Idárraga-Piedrahita, A., Ortiz, R.D.C., Callejas Posada, R. & Merello, M. (eds.) (2011). Flora de Antioquia: Catálogo de las Plantas Vasculares 2: 1-939. Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín.
    • Lorenzi, H., Noblick, L.R., Kahn, F. & Ferreira, E. (2010). Brazilian Flora Arecaceae (Palms): 1-268. Instituto Plantarum de Estudos da Flora LTDA, São Paulo, Brazil.
    • Hokche, O., Berry, P.E. & Huber, O. (eds.) (2008). Nuevo Catálogo de la Flora Vascular de Venezuela: 1-859. Fundación Instituto Botánico de Venezuela.
    • Govaerts, R. & Dransfield, J. (2005). World Checklist of Palms: 1-223. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
    • Hammel, B.E. & al. (2003). Manual de Plantas de Costa Rica 2: 1-694. Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis.
    • Stevens, W.D., Ulloa U., C., Pool, A. & Montiel, O.M. (2001). Flora de Nicaragua Monographs in Systematic Botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden 85: i-xlii, 1-2666.

    Literature

    Palmweb - Palms of the World Online
    • Borchsenius F., Borgtoft-Pedersen H. and Baslev H. 1998. Manual to the Palms of Ecuador. AAU Reports 37. Department of Systematic Botany, University of Aarhus, Denmark in collaboration with Pontificia Universidad Catalica del Ecuador
    Kew Backbone Distributions
    • Lorenzi, H., Noblick, L.R., Kahn, F. & Ferreira, E. (2010). Brazilian Flora Arecaceae (Palms): 1-268. Instituto Plantarum de Estudos da Flora LTDA, São Paulo, Brazil.

    Sources

    Herbarium Catalogue Specimens
    'The Herbarium Catalogue, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the Internet http://www.kew.org/herbcat [accessed on Day Month Year]'. Please enter the date on which you consulted the system.
    Digital Image © Board of Trustees, RBG Kew http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

    Kew Backbone Distributions
    The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families 2019. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/
    © Copyright 2017 World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

    Kew Names and Taxonomic Backbone
    The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families 2019. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/
    © Copyright 2017 International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

    Kew Science Photographs
    Digital Image © Board of Trustees, RBG Kew http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

    Palmweb - Palms of the World Online
    Palmweb 2011. Palmweb: Palms of the World Online. Published on the internet http://www.palmweb.org. Accessed on 21/04/2013
    Content licensed under Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0