- Family: Phyllanthaceae Martinov
Bridelia Willd.
[FZ]
Euphorbiaceae, A. Radcliffe-Smith. Flora Zambesiaca 9:4. 1996
- Morphology General Habit
- Monoecious, or rarely dioecious shrubs or trees.
- Morphology General Indumentum
- Indumentum simple.
- Morphology Stem
- Trunk and branches sometimes armed with blunt thorns.
- Morphology Leaves
- Leaves alternate, shortly petiolate, stipulate, simple, entire or more or less so, penninerved; lateral nerves straight, arched or looped, tertiary nerves usually parallel.
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers
- Flowers small, axillary, glomerulate or fasciculate, sometimes in spikes or panicles of glomeruliform fascicles. Male flowers in many-flowered fascicles, sometimes with 1–2 female flowers admixed, sessile, subsessile or shortly pedicellate; sepals (4)5, valvate; petals 5, small, inflexed and not contiguous or imbricate; disk annular or cupuliform, entire or sinuate; stamens 5, filaments united below into a short column, free and spreading above, anthers horizontal, basifixed, the thecae parallel, longitudinally dehiscent; pistillode at the top of the column ampulliform, entire or 2–4-lobed. Female flowers few per cluster or solitary, sometimes pedicellate; sepals and petals perigynous, otherwise ± as in female; outer disk annular, inner encasing the ovary; ovary 2(3)-locular, ovules 2 per locule; styles 2(3), free or connate at the base, bifid or subentire.
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences Bracts
- Bracts small, scale-like.
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits
- Fruit drupaceous and indehiscent or else dehiscent; exocarp thin; mesocarp fleshy; endocarp crustaceous, 1- or 2-locular.
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Seeds
- Seeds solitary per locule by abortion, plano-convex and longitudinally grooved in 2-locular fruits, C-shaped in transverse section and hollowly cylindrical, split down one side in 1-locular fruits; albumen copious, fleshy; embryo curved; cotyledons broad, foliaceous, thin.
[FTEA]
Euphorbiaceae, A. R.-Smith. Flora of Tropical East Africa. 1987
- Morphology General Habit
- Monoecious or rarely dioecious shrubs or trees with a simple indumentum
- Morphology Branches
- Branches sometimes armed with blunt woody thorns
- Morphology Twigs
- Twigs lenticellate
- Morphology Leaves
- Leaves alternate, shortly petiolate, stipulate, simple, usually entire, penninerved, the nerves straight, arched or looped, the tertiary nerves usually parallel
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers
- Flowers small, axillary, solitary, glomerulate or fasciculate, or in spikes or panicles of glomerulate fascicles Female flowers in few-flowered clusters or solitary, sometimes pedicellate; sepals and petals perigynous, otherwise ± as in the male; outer disc annular, inner disc lobed or cupular and embracing the ovary; ovary 2(–3)-locular, with 2 ovules per locule; styles 2(–3), free or connate at the base, bifid or subentire Male flowers in many-flowered glomeruli, sometimes with 1–2 ♀ flowers admixed, sessile or subsessile; sepals 5, valvate; petals 5, small, inflexed over the disc or quincuncially imbricate; disc annular or cupuliform, entire or sinuate; stamens 5, filaments united below into a short column, free and spreading above, anthers horizontal, basifixed, the thecae parallel, longitudinally dehiscent; pistillode at the top of the staminal column, ampulliform, entire or 2–4-lobate
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences Bracts
- Bracts small, scaly
- sex Male
- Male flowers in many-flowered glomeruli, sometimes with 1–2 ♀ flowers admixed, sessile or subsessile; sepals 5, valvate; petals 5, small, inflexed over the disc or quincuncially imbricate; disc annular or cupuliform, entire or sinuate; stamens 5, filaments united below into a short column, free and spreading above, anthers horizontal, basifixed, the thecae parallel, longitudinally dehiscent; pistillode at the top of the staminal column, ampulliform, entire or 2–4-lobate
- sex Female
- Female flowers in few-flowered clusters or solitary, sometimes pedicellate; sepals and petals perigynous, otherwise ± as in the male; outer disc annular, inner disc lobed or cupular and embracing the ovary; ovary 2(–3)-locular, with 2 ovules per locule; styles 2(–3), free or connate at the base, bifid or subentire
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits
- Fruit a small, smooth, ovoid or globose berry or drupe, indehiscent, or else dehiscent; exocarp fleshy or pulpy; endocarp crustaceous, forming 2 (or by abortion 1) pyrenes
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Seeds
- Seeds often by abortion solitary in each pyrene, plano-convex and adaxially longitudinally grooved (2 pyrenes) or else U-shaped in transverse section and adaxially deeply excavate (1 pyrene); albumen copious, fleshy; embryo slightly or strongly curved; cotyledons broad, foliaceous, thin.
[FSOM]
M. Thulin et al. Flora of Somalia, Vol. 1-4 [updated 2008] https://plants.jstor.org/collection/FLOS
- Morphology General Habit
- Shrubs or trees; branches sometimes with blunt thorns; indumentum simple
- Morphology Leaves
- Leaves alternate, shortly petiolate, usually entire, pinnately veined, tertiary veins often subparallel
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences
- Usually monoecious, flowers very small, axillary, usually in dense clusters, sometimes forming apparent terminal panicles
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers
- Female flowers 1–few together; perianth as in male, often ± persistent and slightly accrescent in fruit; disc double, outer annular, inner lobed or cupular, surrounding ovary; ovary 2(–3)-celled, ovules 2 per cell, styles bifid or subentire Male flowers numerous, sometimes coaxillary with 1–2 female flowers, sessile or subsessile, 5-merous; sepals valvate; petals small, bent over disc or imbricate; disc annular or cupular; stamens 5, filaments joined into short column with pistillode at tip
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits
- Fruit a small ovoid or globose drupe, sometimes dehiscent, endocarp forming 2 or (by abortion) 1 pyrene, seeds often solitary.
- Distribution
- About 50 species in the Old World tropics, c. 20 species in Africa, mostly in moister regions.
- Note
- Plants in this genus look like species of Rhamnaceae.
Native to:
Andaman Is., Angola, Assam, Bangladesh, Benin, Bismarck Archipelago, Borneo, Botswana, Burkina, Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon, Cape Provinces, Caprivi Strip, Caroline Is., Central African Repu, Chad, China South-Central, China Southeast, Congo, East Himalaya, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Gulf of Guinea Is., Hainan, India, Ivory Coast, Jawa, Kenya, KwaZulu-Natal, Laos, Lesser Sunda Is., Liberia, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaya, Mali, Maluku, Mauritania, Mozambique, Myanmar, Namibia, Nansei-shoto, Nepal, New Guinea, New South Wales, Nicobar Is., Nigeria, Northern Provinces, Northern Territory, Philippines, Queensland, Rwanda, Réunion, Santa Cruz Is., Senegal, Sierra Leone, Solomon Is., Somalia, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Sulawesi, Sumatera, Swaziland, Taiwan, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Uganda, Vanuatu, Vietnam, West Himalaya, Western Australia, Yemen, Zambia, Zaïre, Zimbabwe
- Bridelia adusta Airy Shaw
- Bridelia affinis Craib
- Bridelia assamica Hook.f.
- Bridelia atroviridis Müll.Arg.
- Bridelia balansae Tutcher
- Bridelia brideliifolia (Pax) Fedde
- Bridelia cathartica Bertol.
- Bridelia cinnamomea Hook.f.
- Bridelia curtisii Hook.f.
- Bridelia duvigneaudii J.Léonard
- Bridelia eranalis J.Léonard
- Bridelia erapensis S.Dressler
- Bridelia exaltata F.Muell.
- Bridelia ferruginea Benth.
- Bridelia finalis P.I.Forst.
- Bridelia fordii Hemsl.
- Bridelia glauca Blume
- Bridelia grandis Pierre ex Hutch.
- Bridelia harmandii Gagnep.
- Bridelia insulana Hance
- Bridelia leichhardtii Baill. ex Müll.Arg.
- Bridelia macrocarpa Airy Shaw
- Bridelia micrantha (Hochst.) Baill.
- Bridelia microphylla Chiov.
- Bridelia mollis Hutch.
- Bridelia montana (Roxb.) Willd.
- Bridelia moonii Thwaites
- Bridelia ndellensis Beille
- Bridelia nicobarica Chakrab. & Vasudeva Rao
- Bridelia oligantha Airy Shaw
- Bridelia ovata Decne.
- Bridelia parvifolia Kuntze
- Bridelia pervilleana Baill.
- Bridelia pustulata Hook.f.
- Bridelia retusa (L.) A.Juss.
- Bridelia rhomboidalis Baill.
- Bridelia ripicola J.Léonard
- Bridelia scleroneura Müll.Arg.
- Bridelia sikkimensis Gehrm.
- Bridelia somalensis Hutch.
- Bridelia speciosa Müll.Arg.
- Bridelia stipularis (L.) Blume
- Bridelia taitensis Vatke & Pax
- Bridelia tenuifolia Müll.Arg.
- Bridelia tomentosa Blume
- Bridelia triplocarya Airy Shaw
- Bridelia tulasneana Baill.
- Bridelia verrucosa Haines
- Bridelia whitmorei Airy Shaw
- Bridelia wilksii Breteler
Bridelia Willd. appears in other Kew resources:
Date | Reference | Identified As | Barcode | Type Status |
---|---|---|---|---|
s.coll. [Cat. no. s.n.], Myanmar | K001132531 |
First published in Sp. Pl., ed. 4, 4: 978 (1806)
Accepted by
- Govaerts, R., Frodin, D.G. & Radcliffe-Smith, A. (2000). World Checklist and Bibliography of Euphorbiaceae (and Pandaceae) 1-4: 1-1622. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
- Govaerts, R. (1996). World Checklist of Seed Plants 2(1, 2): 1-492. MIM, Deurne.
Literature
Flora of West Tropical Africa
- Jablonszky in Engl. Pflanzenr. Euph. 8: 54–88 (1915).
- —F.T.A. 6, 1: 611
Flora Zambesiaca
- Jablonszky in Engler, Pflanzenr. [IV, fam. 147, viii] 65: 54 (1915).
- Müller Argoviensis in De Candolle, Prodr. 15, 2: 493 (1866).
- Sp. Pl. 4, 2: 978 (1805).
Flora of Somalia
- Flora Somalia, Vol 1, (1993) Author: by M. G. Gilbert [updated by M. Thulin 2008]
Flora of Tropical East Africa
- in F.C.B. 8(1): 27 (1962)
- J. Léon. in B.J.B.B. 25: 359 (1955)
- Jabl. in E.P. IV. 147(8): 54 (1915)
- Hutch. in F.T.A. 6(1): 611 (1912)
- G.P. 3(1): 267 (1880)
- Muell. Arg. in DC., Prodr. 15(2): 493 (1866)
- Sp. Pl. 4(2): 978 (1805)
Flora Zambesiaca
Flora Zambesiaca
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0
Flora of Somalia
Flora of Somalia
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0
Flora of Tropical East Africa
Flora of Tropical East Africa
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0
Herbarium Catalogue Specimens
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Kew Backbone Distributions
The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families 2021. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/
© Copyright 2017 World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0
Kew Names and Taxonomic Backbone
The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families 2021. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/
© Copyright 2017 International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0