- Family: Solanaceae Juss.
Brunfelsia Plum. ex L.
This genus is accepted, and its native range is Tropical America.
[FTEA]
Solanaceae, Jennifer M Edmonds. Oliganthes, Melongena & Monodolichopus, Maria S. Vorontsova & Sandra Knapp. Flora of Tropical East Africa. 2012
- Habit
- Evergreen shrubs or small trees
- Leaves
- Leaves alternate, simple, hairs usually simple, occasionally branched
- Inflorescences
- Inflorescences usually dense, rarely lax terminal or axillary many-flowered cymes, or reduced to a single flower, subsessile; pedicels erect or pendent, subtended by linear to lanceolate, caducous bracts; flowers slightly zygomophic with bilateral symmetry
- Calyx
- Calyx tubular or campanulate, with 5 lobes; usually shorter than corolla tube
- Corolla
- Corolla hypocrateriform, basal tube cylindrical straight or slightly curved, dilated above towards five broad recurved lobes with quincuncial-imbricate aestivation, open at mouth which often thickened into fleshy white ring
- Stamens
- Stamens four, didynamous, alternating with upper three corolla lobes, usually included, occasionally upper pair exserted, both pairs curved at apex to project anthers towards back of corolla tube; filaments fused to upper quarter of corolla tube, unequal, lower posterior pair shorter than the upper lateral pair, glabrous, becoming thicker and flattened at point of fusion; anthers usually all fertile, rarely upper pair reduced, elongate, medifixed, oblong or reniform, onecelled dehiscing by single slit
- Ovary
- Ovary conical to ovoid, bilocular; ovules numerous; disc nectiferous, annular, smooth; style filiform below, erect or curved and broadened beneath the stigma, glabrous, usually included; stigma broadly dilated, shallowly or deeply bilobed or capitate, often surpassed and partially enclosed by upper lateral anthers. Fruit capsular or sub-baccate, fleshy or coriacous, indehiscent or often splitting open by two entire valves, scarcely or partially enclosed by persistent accrescent coriaceous calyx
- Seeds
- Seeds deeply reticulate, large, few to many.
- Note
- The history and classification of this genus together with its inter-generic and inter-specific relationships and the distiguishing morphological features are extensively dealt with by Plowman (1998). The presence, location, degree and type of indumentum can vary greatly in this genus, even in the same species. Moreover, Brunfelsia fruits often appear baccate and have been described as berries in numerous taxonomic descriptions of these species. They are, in fact, capsules which are either indehiscent or split into two smooth or rough valves (cf. Plowman, 1998). Some of the diagnostic features given below have been adapted from Plowman (1998), largely due to the paucity of herbarium material of this genus, not only collected from Africa but also from the Americas. ± 46 species of shrubs and small trees from South and Central America, many of which are cultivated for their ornamental and medicinal value.
Native to:
Argentina Northeast, Argentina Northwest, Bolivia, Brazil North, Brazil Northeast, Brazil South, Brazil Southeast, Brazil West-Central, Colombia, Cuba, Dominican Republic, East Himalaya, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guyana, Haiti, Jamaica, Leeward Is., Panamá, Paraguay, Peru, Puerto Rico, Suriname, Trinidad-Tobago, Uruguay, Venezuela, Venezuelan Antilles, Vietnam
Introduced into:
Assam, India, Kenya, Madagascar, Mauritius, Mozambique, Rwanda, Réunion, Tanzania, Uganda, Windward Is., Zambia, Zaïre, Zimbabwe
- Brunfelsia acunae Hadac
- Brunfelsia amazonica Morton
- Brunfelsia americana L.
- Brunfelsia australis Benth.
- Brunfelsia bahiensis Benth.
- Brunfelsia boliviana Plowman
- Brunfelsia bonodora (Vell.) J.F.Macbr.
- Brunfelsia brasiliensis (Spreng.) L.B.Sm. & Downs
- Brunfelsia burchellii Plowman
- Brunfelsia cabiesesiana J.G.Graham
- Brunfelsia cestroides A.Rich.
- Brunfelsia chiricaspi Plowman
- Brunfelsia chocoensis Plowman
- Brunfelsia clandestina Plowman
- Brunfelsia clarensis Britton & P.Wilson
- Brunfelsia cuneifolia J.A.Schmidt
- Brunfelsia densifolia Krug & Urb.
- Brunfelsia dwyeri D'Arcy
- Brunfelsia grandiflora D.Don
- Brunfelsia grisebachii Amshoff
- Brunfelsia guianensis Benth.
- Brunfelsia hydrangeiformis (Pohl) Benth.
- Brunfelsia imatacana Plowman
- Brunfelsia jamaicensis (Benth.) Griseb.
- Brunfelsia lactea Krug & Urb.
- Brunfelsia latifolia (Pohl) Benth.
- Brunfelsia linearis Ekman ex Urb.
- Brunfelsia macrocarpa Plowman
- Brunfelsia macroloba Urb.
- Brunfelsia maliformis Urb.
- Brunfelsia martiana Plowman
- Brunfelsia membranacea Urb.
- Brunfelsia mire Monach.
- Brunfelsia nitida Benth.
- Brunfelsia obovata Benth.
- Brunfelsia pauciflora (Cham. & Schltdl.) Benth.
- Brunfelsia picardae Krug & Urb.
- Brunfelsia pilosa Plowman
- Brunfelsia plicata Urb.
- Brunfelsia plowmaniana Filipowicz & M.Nee
- Brunfelsia pluriflora Urb.
- Brunfelsia portoricensis Krug & Urb.
- Brunfelsia purpurea Griseb.
- Brunfelsia rupestris Plowman
- Brunfelsia shaferi Britton & P.Wilson
- Brunfelsia sinuata A.Rich.
- Brunfelsia splendida Urb.
- Brunfelsia undulata Sw.
- Brunfelsia uniflora (Pohl) D.Don
Brunfelsia Plum. ex L. appears in other Kew resources:
Date | Reference | Identified As | Barcode | Type Status |
---|---|---|---|---|
Jan 1, 2000 | Claussen, P. [s.n.], Brazil | K001073492 | ||
Jan 1, 1990 | Harley, R.M. [25639], Brazil | K001073487 | ||
Jan 1, 1990 | Harley, R.M. [25639], Brazil | K001073489 | ||
Martinelli, G. [178], Brazil | K001073490 | |||
Chagas e Silva, F. [143], Brazil | K000982098 | |||
Fiaschi, P. [3527], Brazil | K001073491 | |||
Forzza, R.C. [2912], Brazil | K001073488 | |||
s.coll. [Cat. no. s.n.] | K001132441 |
First published in Sp. Pl.: 191 (1753)
Accepted by
- Govaerts, R. (1996). World Checklist of Seed Plants 2(1, 2): 1-492. MIM, Deurne.
Literature
Flora of Tropical East Africa
- Gen. Solanaceae: 82–85 (2001)
- Fieldiana Bot., n.s. 39: 1–133 (1998);
- Biol. & Tax. Solanaceae: 475–491 (1979)
- DC., Prodr. 13(1): 198 (1852);
- Gen. Pl. ed. 5: 87 (1754)
- Sp. Pl. 1: 191 (1753)
Flora of Tropical East Africa
Flora of Tropical East Africa
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Herbarium Catalogue Specimens
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Kew Backbone Distributions
The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families 2021. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/
© Copyright 2017 World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0
Kew Names and Taxonomic Backbone
The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families 2021. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/
© Copyright 2017 International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0