- Family: Fabaceae Lindl.
Mucuna Adans.
This genus is accepted, and its native range is Tropics & Subtropics.
Descriptions
According to Legumes of the World Online
[LOWO]Legumes of the World. Edited by G. Lewis, B. Schrire, B. MacKinder & M. Lock. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. (2005)
- Vernacular
- buffalo bean, mucuná
- Habit
- Mostly lianas
- Ecology
- Tropical wet lowland to montane, often coastal rain forest, to seasonally dry forest, woodland and thicket
- Distribution
- pantropical (c. 80 spp. in Asia and China, 1-2 spp. in Australia; c. 12 spp. in Africa, Madagascar and Mascarenes; c. 12-13 spp. in the Neotropics, centred in C America & the Caribbean)
- Note
-
Stizolobium is sometimes maintained as a separate genus but is retained under Mucuna here pending full revision; molecular evidence (Doyle et al., 2000) places Mucuna sister to tribe Desmodieae
Previous accounts of the Phaseoleae by Baudet (1978) and Lackey (1981) recognised 90 and 84 genera and c. 1540 and 1480 species respectively in the tribe. In an equivalent, i.e. traditionally held view of Phaseoleae, 89 genera and (1554)–1567–(1580) species are treated here (Table 9; Fig. 47). Changes between Baudet (1978) and this treatment are that eleven genera are now in synonymy or have subsequently been placed in Millettieae, two genera have been transferred from Desmodieae and eight new genera have been added. Vigna has traditionally been thought to comprise some 150–200 species, but Vigna sens. strict. may contain fewer than 100.
Recent molecular analyses of the tribe, however, have emphasised both the polyphyletic and paraphyletic nature of Phaseoleae as traditionally circumscribed (Bruneau & Doyle, 1990; Doyle & Doyle, 1993; Delgado Salinas et al., 1993; Bruneau et al., 1995; Doyle et al., 1997, 2000; Kajita et al., 2001; Goel et al., 2001; Lee & Hymowitz, 2001). This has required a radical realignment of elements of the phaseoloids (Table 9; Fig. 47), with at least two major clades being evident: Phaseoleae subtribes Diocleinae and Ophrestiinae which together with tribe Abreae are allied to the core-Millettieae (Fig. 45), and the remaining groups comprising a Phaseoleae sens. lat. clade. The rbcL phylogeny of Kajita et al. (2001) and the ITS analysis of Hu et al. (2002) are equivocal as to which clade subtribe Clitoriinae belongs. Phaseoleae sens. lat. also includes two traditionally independent tribes, the Desmodieae and Psoraleeae. Delimiting a recircumscribed Phaseoleae sens. strict is thus very problematic. A solution may be to recognise a broad tribe Phaseoleae, comprising the subtribes Kennediinae, Cajaninae, Phaseolinae and Glycininae, assorted basally branching genera, and tribes Desmodieae and Psoraleeae (both treated at subtribal level).
According to Flora Zambesiaca
[FZ]Leguminosae, B. Mackinder, R. Pasquet, R. Polhill & B. Verdcourt. Flora Zambesiaca 3:5. 2001
- Habit
- Climbing herbs, woody lianes or rarely erect shrubs.
- Leaves
- Leaves pinnately 3-foliolate; stipules deciduous; stipels often present.
- Inflorescences
- Inflorescences axillary, subumbellate, falsely racemose or condensed paniculate; bracts and bracteoles deciduous.
- Flowers
- Flowers showy, white, purple, red or greenish-yellow to golden-yellow or almost black.
- Calyx
- Calyx 4–5-lobed, 2-lipped, the upper pair of lobes connate to form an entire or bifid lip.
- Corolla
- Standard rounded, with inflexed auricles at the base, usually much shorter than the other petals; keel petals usually horny at the apex.
- Stamens
- Vexillary stamen free; 5 larger anthers subbasifixed, alternating with 5 shorter versatile or dorsifixed anthers, often barbate.
- Pistil
- Ovary few-ovuled; style long, filiform, sometimes pubescent but not bearded, bent; stigma small and terminal.
- Fruits
- Pods ovoid, oblong or linear, the valves thick, often ribbed, frequently covered with irritant bristles, septate or filled between the seeds, mostly dehiscent but sometimes not opening.
- Seeds
- Seeds either globose or oblong, with a short or linear hilum and conspicuous rim aril, or larger, discoid, with an elongated hilum occupying over half the circumference and no aril present.
According to Flora of Tropical East Africa
[FTEA]Leguminosae, J. B. Gillett, R. M. Polhill & B. Verdcourt. Flora of Tropical East Africa. 1971
- Habit
- Climbing herbs, woody lianes or rarely erect shrubs
- Leaves
- Leaves pinnately 3-foliolate; stipules deciduous; stipels often present
- Inflorescences
- Inflorescences axillary, subumbellate, falsely racemose or condensed paniculate; bracts and bracteoles deciduous
- Flowers
- Flowers showy, purple, red or greenish-yellow
- Calyx
- Calyx 4–5-lobed, 2-lipped, the upper pair of lobes connate to form an entire or bifid lip
- Corolla
- Standard rounded, with inflexed auricles at the base, usually much shorter than the other petals; keel-petals usually horny at the apex
- Stamens
- Vexillary stamen free; 5 larger anthers subbasifixed, alternating with 5 shorter versatile or dorsifixed anthers, often barbate
- Pistil
- Ovary few-ovuled; style long, filiform, sometimes pubescent but not bearded, bent; stigma small and terminal
- Fruits
- Pods or fruits ovoid, oblong or linear, the valves thick, often ribbed, frequently covered with irritant bristles, septate or filled between the seeds, mostly dehiscent but sometimes not opening
- Seeds
- Seeds either globose or oblong, with a short or linear hilum and conspicuous rim-aril, or larger, discoid, with an elongated hilum occupying over half the circumference and no aril present.
Uses
According to Legumes of the World Online
[LOWO]- Use
- Mucuna pruriens (L.) DC. (velvet, Bengal or Mauritius bean) , is widely grown for forage and as a cover crop and green manure; the hairs on many species (often known as buffalo bean ) are an intense irritant; some species are ornamentals
Images
Distribution
Native to:
Andaman Is., Angola, Argentina Northeast, Assam, Bangladesh, Belize, Benin, Bismarck Archipelago, Bolivia, Borneo, Brazil North, Brazil Northeast, Brazil South, Brazil Southeast, Brazil West-Central, Burkina, Burundi, Cabinda, Cambodia, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Caroline Is., Central African Repu, Central American Pac, Chad, China North-Central, China South-Central, China Southeast, Christmas I., Colombia, Comoros, Congo, Cook Is., Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominican Republic, East Himalaya, Ecuador, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Fiji, French Guiana, Gabon, Galápagos, Ghana, Gilbert Is., Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Gulf of Guinea Is., Guyana, Hainan, Haiti, Hawaii, Honduras, India, Ivory Coast, Jamaica, Japan, Jawa, Kazan-retto, Kenya, KwaZulu-Natal, Laccadive Is., Laos, Leeward Is., Lesser Sunda Is., Liberia, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaya, Mali, Maluku, Marianas, Mexico Central, Mexico Gulf, Mexico Northeast, Mexico Southeast, Mexico Southwest, Mozambique, Myanmar, Nansei-shoto, Nepal, New Caledonia, New Guinea, New South Wales, Nicaragua, Nicobar Is., Nigeria, Niue, Norfolk Is., Northern Provinces, Northern Territory, Ogasawara-shoto, Pakistan, Panamá, Peru, Philippines, Puerto Rico, Rodrigues, Rwanda, Réunion, Samoa, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Solomon Is., Southwest Caribbean, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Sulawesi, Sumatera, Suriname, Swaziland, Taiwan, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad-Tobago, Uganda, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Vietnam, Wallis-Futuna Is., West Himalaya, Western Australia, Windward Is., Yemen, Zambia, Zaïre, Zimbabwe
Introduced into:
Bahamas, Florida, Mauritius, Queensland, Society Is., Transcaucasus
Accepted Species
- Mucuna acuminata Graham ex Baker
- Mucuna aimun Wiriad.
- Mucuna analuciana T.M.Moura, Mansano & A.M.G.Azevedo
- Mucuna angustifolia Adema
- Mucuna argentea T.M.Moura, G.P.Lewis & A.M.G.Azevedo
- Mucuna argyrophylla Standl.
- Mucuna atropurpurea (Roxb.) DC. ex Wight
- Mucuna aurea C.B.Rob.
- Mucuna bennettii F.Muell.
- Mucuna biplicata Teijsm. & Binn. ex Kurz
- Mucuna birdwoodiana Tutcher
- Mucuna bodinieri H.Lév.
- Mucuna brachycarpa Rech.
- Mucuna bracteata DC. ex Kurz
- Mucuna cajamarca T.M.Moura, G.P.Lewis & A.M.G.Azevedo
- Mucuna calophylla W.W.Sm.
- Mucuna canaliculata Verdc.
- Mucuna championii Benth.
- Mucuna chiapaneca M.Sousa & T.M.Moura
- Mucuna coriacea Baker
- Mucuna cuatrecasasii Hern.Cam. & C.Barbosa ex L.K.Ruíz
- Mucuna curranii Elmer
- Mucuna cyclocarpa F.P.Metcalf
- Mucuna diabolica Backer
- Mucuna diplax Wilmot-Dear
- Mucuna discolor Merr. & L.M.Perry
- Mucuna ecuatoriana T.M.Moura, G.P.Lewis, Mansano & A.M.G.Azevedo
- Mucuna elliptica DC.
- Mucuna elmeri Merr.
- Mucuna eurylamellata Adema
- Mucuna ferox Verdc.
- Mucuna flagellipes Vogel ex Hook.f.
- Mucuna gigantea (Willd.) DC.
- Mucuna glabra (Reinecke) Wilmot-Dear
- Mucuna glabrialata (Hauman) Verdc.
- Mucuna globulifera T.M.Moura, N.Zamora & A.M.G.Azevedo
- Mucuna gracilipes Craib
- Mucuna hainanensis Hayata
- Mucuna havilandii Wiriad.
- Mucuna hirtipetala Wilmot-Dear & R.Sha
- Mucuna holtonii (Kuntze) Moldenke
- Mucuna hooglandii Verdc.
- Mucuna humblotii Drake
- Mucuna imbricata (Roxb. ex Lindl.) DC. ex Baker
- Mucuna incurvata Wilmot-Dear & R.Sha
- Mucuna interrupta Gagnep.
- Mucuna japira A.M.G.Azevedo, K.Agostini & Sazima
- Mucuna jarocha T.M.Moura, Mansano, Gereau & A.M.G.Azevedo
- Mucuna kabaenensis Adema
- Mucuna kawakabutii Wiriad.
- Mucuna keyensis Burck
- Mucuna killipiana Hern.Cam. & C.Barbosa
- Mucuna klitgaardiae T.M.Moura, G.P.Lewis & A.M.G.Azevedo
- Mucuna kostermansii Wiriad.
- Mucuna lamellata Wilmot-Dear
- Mucuna lamii Verdc.
- Mucuna laticifera Ingalh., N.V.Page & S.S.Gaikwad
- Mucuna longipedunculata Merr.
- Mucuna macrobotrys Hance
- Mucuna macrocarpa Wall.
- Mucuna macrophylla Miq.
- Mucuna macropoda Baker f.
- Mucuna manongarivensis Du Puy & Labat
- Mucuna melanocarpa Hochst. ex A.Rich.
- Mucuna membranacea Hayata
- Mucuna mindorensis Merr.
- Mucuna mitis (Ruiz & Pav.) DC.
- Mucuna mollis (Kunth) DC.
- Mucuna mollissima Teijsm. & Binn. ex Kurz
- Mucuna monosperma Roxb. ex Wight
- Mucuna monticola N.Zamora, T.M.Moura & A.M.G.Azevedo
- Mucuna mooneyi T.M.Moura, Gereau & G.P.Lewis
- Mucuna mutisiana (Kunth) DC.
- Mucuna neocaledonica Baker f.
- Mucuna novoguineensis Scheff.
- Mucuna occidentalis (Hepper) T.M.Moura & G.P.Lewis
- Mucuna oligoplax Niyomdham & Wilmot-Dear
- Mucuna pacifica Hosok.
- Mucuna pallida Cordem.
- Mucuna paniculata Baker
- Mucuna papuana Adema
- Mucuna persericea (Wilmot-Dear) T.M.Moura & A.M.G.Azevedo
- Mucuna pesa De Wild.
- Mucuna platyphylla A.Gray
- Mucuna platyplekta Quisumb. & Merr.
- Mucuna poggei Taub.
- Mucuna pruriens (L.) DC.
- Mucuna pseudoelliptica T.M.Moura, G.P.Lewis & A.M.G.Azevedo
- Mucuna reptans Verdc.
- Mucuna reticulata Burck
- Mucuna revoluta Wilmot-Dear
- Mucuna rostrata Benth.
- Mucuna sakapipei Wiriad.
- Mucuna samarensis Merr.
- Mucuna sanjappae Aitawade & S.R.Yadav
- Mucuna schlechteri Harms
- Mucuna sempervirens Hemsl.
- Mucuna sericophylla Perkins
- Mucuna sloanei Fawc. & Rendle
- Mucuna stanleyi C.T.White
- Mucuna stans Welw. ex Baker
- Mucuna stenoplax Wilmot-Dear
- Mucuna subumbellata Wilmot-Dear
- Mucuna sumbawaensis Wiriad.
- Mucuna tapantiana N.Zamora & T.M.Moura
- Mucuna thailandica Niyomdham & Wilmot-Dear
- Mucuna tomentosa K.Schum.
- Mucuna toppingii Merr.
- Mucuna urens (L.) Medik.
- Mucuna verdcourtii Wiriad.
- Mucuna warburgii K.Schum. & Lauterb.
- Mucuna yadaviana S.S.Gaikwad, Lawand & Gurav
Synonyms
Other Data
Mucuna Adans. appears in other Kew resources:
Herbarium Catalogue (7 records)
Date | Reference | Identified As | Barcode | Type Status |
---|---|---|---|---|
Chancellor, R.J. [300], Uganda | 11482.000 | |||
Powell, D.A. [98] | 32071.000 | |||
Strahm, W., Mauritius | 59149.000 | |||
Orr, D., USA | 58721.000 | |||
Brown, R. [s.n.], Australia | K000279328 | |||
Mueller, F. von [s.n.], Australia | K000279331 | |||
Pollard, B.J. [502], Cameroon | K000460199 |
Bibliography
First published in Fam. Pl. 2: 325 (1763)
Accepted by
- De Moura, T.M., Lewis, G.P., Mansano, V.F. & Tozzi, A.M.G.A. (2018). A revision of the neotropical Mucuna species (Leguminosae-Papilionoideae) Phytotaxa 337: 1-65.
- Wilmot-Dear, C.M. (2008). Mucuna Adans. (Leguminosae) in Thailand Thai Forest Bulletin (Botany) 36: 114-139.
Literature
Flora of West Tropical Africa
- —F.T.A. 2: 184.
Flora Zambesiaca
- in Kirkia 14: 1–11 (1993).
- in F.T.E.A., Leguminosae, Pap.: 561–571 (1971)
- Verdcourt in Kew Bull. 24: 286–293 (1970)
- Prain, J. Asiatic Soc. Bengal 66: 404 (1897).
- Fam. Pl. 2: 325 (1763) nom. conserv.
Flora of Tropical East Africa
- Prain, Journ. As. Soc. Bengal 66: 404 (1897), nom. conserv .
- Fam. Pl. 2: 325 (1763)
Sources
Art and Illustrations in Digifolia
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Colombian resources for Plants made Accessible
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Flora Zambesiaca
Flora Zambesiaca
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Flora of Tropical East Africa
Flora of Tropical East Africa
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Herbarium Catalogue Specimens
'The Herbarium Catalogue, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the Internet http://www.kew.org/herbcat [accessed on Day Month Year]'. Please enter the date on which you consulted the system.
Digital Image © Board of Trustees, RBG Kew http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
Interactive Key to Seed Plants of Malesia and Indo-China
The Malesian Key Group (2010) Interactive Key to Seed Plants of Malesia and Indo-China (Version 2.0, 28 Jul 2010) The Nationaal Herbarium Nederland Leiden and The Royal Botanic Gardens Kew
Kew Backbone Distributions
The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families 2019. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/
© Copyright 2017 World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0
Kew Names and Taxonomic Backbone
The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families 2019. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/
© Copyright 2017 International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0
Legumes of the World Online
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