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  1. Family: Poaceae Barnhart
    1. Genus: Panicum L.

      1. Panicum pansum Rendle

        This species is accepted, and its native range is Tropical Africa.

    [FTEA]

    Gramineae, W. D. Clayton, S. M. Phillips & S. A. Renvoize. Flora of Tropical East Africa. 1974

    Habit
    Annual; culms 20–100 cm. high.
    Leaves
    Leaf-blades linear-lanceolate to linear, 8–30 cm. long, 5–7 mm. wide, straight at the base, pilose or hispid, acuminate.
    Inflorescences
    Panicle oblong or ovate, 15–40 cm. long, much branched, the branches long, fine and spreading at maturity, the spikelets borne in pairs at their tips.
    Spikelets
    Spikelets ovate, 2.5–3 mm. long, glabrous, acuminate; lower glume broadly ovate, 1/2–2/3 the length of the spikelet, 3–5-nerved, acute to acuminate, separated by a very short internode from the rest of the spikelet; upper glume broadly ovate, 5–7-nerved, acute; lower lemma broadly ovate, 7–9-nerved, sterile, its palea 1/2 as long; upper lemma pale and glossy.
    Habitat
    Wooded grassland; 275–930 m.
    Distribution
    West Africa, Sudan to Angola and Malawi T4 T6
    [FZ]

    Gramineae, W. D. Clayton. Flora Zambesiaca 10:3. 1989

    Habit
    Annual with slender erect culms 20–100 cm. high.
    Leaf lamina
    Leaf laminae 8–30 cm. long, linear, pilose or hispid, tapering to the apex.
    Inflorescences
    Panicle 15–40 cm. long, oblong or ovate, much branched, the branches long, fine, flexuous and spreading at maturity, the spikelets borne in pairs at their apex.
    Spikelets
    Spikelets 2.5–3 mm. long, ovate, glabrous, acuminate; inferior glume broadly ovate, 1/2–2/3 as long as the spikelet, 3–5-nerved, acute to acuminate; superior glume broadly ovate, 5–7-nerved, acute; inferior lemma 7–9-nerved, sterile, its palea poorly developed; superior lemma and palea pale and glossy.
    [FWTA]

    Gramineae, W. D. Clayton. Flora of West Tropical Africa 3:2. 1972

    Height
    60–90 cm. high
    Ecology
    A weed of waste places.
    [GB]
    Habit
    Annual. Culms 20-100 cm long. Ligule a ciliate membrane. Leaf-blades linear, or lanceolate; parallel-sided; 8-30 cm long; 5-7 mm wide. Leaf-blade surface hispid, or pilose. Leaf-blade apex acuminate.
    Inflorescences
    Inflorescence a panicle. Panicle open; oblong, or ovate; 15-40 cm long. Primary panicle branches spreading. Panicle branches capillary. Spikelets in pairs. Fertile spikelets pedicelled; 2 in the cluster.
    Spikelets
    Spikelets comprising 1 basal sterile florets; 1 fertile florets; without rhachilla extension. Spikelets ovate; dorsally compressed; acuminate; 2.5-3 mm long; falling entire. Rhachilla internodes elongated between glumes.
    Fertile
    Spikelets comprising 1 basal sterile florets; 1 fertile florets; without rhachilla extension. Spikelets ovate; dorsally compressed; acuminate; 2.5-3 mm long; falling entire. Rhachilla internodes elongated between glumes.
    Glume
    Glumes similar; reaching apex of florets; thinner than fertile lemma. Lower glume ovate; 0.5-0.66 length of spikelet; membranous; without keels; 3-5 -veined. Lower glume apex acute, or acuminate. Upper glume ovate; 1 length of spikelet; membranous; without keels; 5-7 -veined. Upper glume apex acute.
    Florets
    Basal sterile florets barren; with palea. Lemma of lower sterile floret similar to upper glume; ovate; 1 length of spikelet; membranous; 7-9 -veined; acute. Palea of lower sterile floret 0.5 length of lemma. Fertile lemma oblong; dorsally compressed; 2-2.5 mm long; indurate; pallid; shiny; without keel. Lemma margins involute. Lemma apex obtuse. Palea involute; indurate.
    Distribution
    Africa: west tropical, west-central tropical, northeast tropical, east tropical, southern tropical, and south.
    Reference
    Paniceae. FTEA.

    Images

    Distribution

    Native to:

    Angola, Benin, Burkina, Burundi, Cameroon, Central African Repu, Chad, Congo, Ethiopia, Ghana, Guinea, Ivory Coast, Malawi, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Nigeria, Senegal, Sudan, Tanzania, Togo, Zambia, Zaïre

    Panicum pansum Rendle appears in other Kew resources:

    Date Reference Identified As Barcode Type Status
    Oct 4, 1969 Scholz [77], Burkina Faso K000392179
    Aug 1, 1963 s.coll. [6365], Burkina Faso K000392180
    Oct 11, 1962 Kmoch [143], Burkina Faso K000392181
    Welwitsch [7261], Angola K000282450 isosyntype
    Welwitsch [2832], Angola K000282451 isosyntype
    Scholz [90], Burkina Faso K000392178

    First published in W.P.Hiern, Cat. Afr. Pl. 2: 177 (1899)

    Accepted by

    • Darbyshire, I., Kordofani, M., Farag, I., Candiga, R. & Pickering, H. (eds.) (2015). The Plants of Sudan and South Sudan: 1-400. Kew publishing, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
    • Onana, J.M. (2011). The vascular plants of Cameroon a taxonomic checklist with IUCN assessments: 1-195. National herbarium of Cameroon, Yaoundé.
    • Lisowski, S. (2009). Flore (Angiospermes) de la République de Guinée Scripta Botanica Belgica 41: 1-517.
    • Figueiredo, E. & Smith, G.F. (2008). Plants of Angola Strelitzia 22: 1-279. National Botanical Institute, Pretoria.
    • Akoègninou, A., van der Burg, W.J. & van der Maesen, L.J.G. (eds.) (2006). Flore Analytique du Bénin: 1-1034. Backhuys Publishers.
    • Clayton, W.D., Harman, K.T. & Williamson, H. (2006). World Grass Species - Synonymy database The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
    • Hedberg, I. & Edwards, S. (eds.) (1995). Flora of Ethiopia and Eritrea 7: 1-430. The National Herbarium, Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia & The Department of Systematic Botany, Upps.
    • Barry, J. P. & Celles, J.S. (1991). Flore de Mauritanie 2: 360-550. Centre Regional de Documentation Pedagogique, Nice.
    • Clayton, W.D. (1989). Flora Zambesiaca 10(3): 1-231. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
    • Ndabaneze, P. (1989). Catalogue des Graminées du Burundi Lejeunia; Revue de Botanique, n.s., 132: 1-127.
    • Boudet, G., Lebrun, J.P. & Demange, R. (1986). Catalogue des plantes vasculaires du Mali: 1-465. Etudes d'Elevage et de Médecine Vétérinaire des Pays Tropicaux.
    • Clayton, W.D. & Renvoize, S.A. (1982). Gramineae Flora of Tropical East Africa 3: 451-898.
    • Boulvert, Y. (1977). Catalogue de la Flore de Centrafrique 2(2): 1-94. ORSTOM, Bangui.
    • Peyre de Fabregues, B. & Lebrun, J.-P. (1976). Catalogue des Plantes Vascularies du Niger: 1-433. Institut d' Elevage et de Médecine Vétérinaire des Pays Tropicaux, Maisons Alfort.
    • Lebrun, J.P. (1973). Énumération des plantes vasculaires du Sénégal: 1-209. Maisons Alfort: Institut d'élevage et de médecine vétérinaire des pays tropicaux.
    • Hepper, F.N. (ed.) (1972). Flora of West Tropical Africa, ed. 2, 3(2): 277-574.
    • Lebrun, J.-P., Audru, J., Gaston, A. & Mosnier, M. (1972). Catalogue des Plantes Vasculaires du Tchad Méridional: 1-289. Institut d' Elevage et de Médecine Vétérinaire des Pays Tropicaux, Maisons Alfort.

    Literature

    Flora of West Tropical Africa
    • Lebrun in Bull. Soc. Bot. Fr. 116: 263
    • Berhaut, Fl. Sén. ed. 2, 412, 415
    • Aké Assi, Contrib. 2: 286.
    • F.W.T.A., ed. 1, 2: 554
    • in Rev. Bot. Appliq. 14: 23
    • Chev. Bot. 727
    • F.T.A. 9: 699
    • F.T.A. 9: 700
    • P. kerstingii Mez in Engl., Bot. Jahrb. 34: 145 (1904)
    • Cat. Welw. 2: 117 (1899)
    Kew Backbone Distributions
    • Onana, J.M. (2011). The vascular plants of Cameroon a taxonomic checklist with IUCN assessments: 1-195. National herbarium of Cameroon, Yaoundé.
    • Figueiredo, E. & Smith, G.F. (2008). Plants of Angola Strelitzia 22: 1-279. National Botanical Institute, Pretoria.
    • Akoègninou, A., van der Burg, W.J. & van der Maesen, L.J.G. (eds.) (2006). Flore Analytique du Bénin: 1-1034. Backhuys Publishers.
    • Hedberg, I. & Edwards, S. (eds.) (1995). Flora of Ethiopia and Eritrea 7: 1-430. The National Herbarium, Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia & The Department of Systematic Botany, Upps.
    • Barry, J. P. & Celles, J.S. (1991). Flore de Mauritanie 2: 360-550. Centre Regional de Documentation Pedagogique, Nice.
    • Clayton, W.D. (1989). Flora Zambesiaca 10(3): 1-231. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
    • Ndabaneze, P. (1989). Catalogue des Graminées du Burundi Lejeunia; Revue de Botanique, n.s., 132: 1-127.
    • Boudet, G., Lebrun, J.P. & Demange, R. (1986). Catalogue des plantes vasculaires du Mali: 1-465. Etudes d'Elevage et de Médecine Vétérinaire des Pays Tropicaux.
    • Boulvert, Y. (1977). Catalogue de la Flore de Centrafrique 2(2): 1-94. ORSTOM, Bangui.
    • Peyre de Fabregues, B. & Lebrun, J.-P. (1976). Catalogue des Plantes Vascularies du Niger: 1-433. Institut d' Elevage et de Médecine Vétérinaire des Pays Tropicaux, Maisons Alfort.
    • Hepper, F.N. (ed.) (1972). Flora of West Tropical Africa, ed. 2, 3(2): 277-574.
    • Lebrun, J.-P., Audru, J., Gaston, A. & Mosnier, M. (1972). Catalogue des Plantes Vasculaires du Tchad Méridional: 1-289. Institut d' Elevage et de Médecine Vétérinaire des Pays Tropicaux, Maisons Alfort.
    • Robyns, W. (1934). Flore Agrostologique du Congo Belge et du Ruanda-Urundi 2: 9-386. Goemaere, Bruxelles.
    Flora of Tropical East Africa
    • Clayton in Flora of West Tropical Africa, ed. 2, 3: 434 (1972).
    • D.M. Napper, Grasses of Tanganyika: 62 (1965).
    • Robyns, Fl. Agrost. Congo Belge 2: 200 (1934).
    • Stapf in Flora of Tropical Africa 9: 700 (1920).
    • Rendle, Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. 2: 177 (1899).

    Sources

    Flora Zambesiaca
    Flora Zambesiaca
    http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

    Flora of Tropical East Africa
    Flora of Tropical East Africa
    http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

    Flora of West Tropical Africa
    Flora of West Tropical Africa
    http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

    GrassBase - The Online World Grass Flora
    http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

    Herbarium Catalogue Specimens
    'The Herbarium Catalogue, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the Internet http://www.kew.org/herbcat [accessed on Day Month Year]'. Please enter the date on which you consulted the system.
    Digital Image © Board of Trustees, RBG Kew http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

    Kew Backbone Distributions
    The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families 2019. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/
    © Copyright 2017 World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

    Kew Names and Taxonomic Backbone
    The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families 2019. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/
    © Copyright 2017 International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0