- Family:
- Poaceae Barnhart
- Genus:
- Arundinaria Michx.
Arundinaria gigantea (Walter) Muhl.
[GB]
- Morphology General Habit
- Perennial. Rhizomes elongated; leptomorph; with peripheral air canals. Culms erect; 200-500(-800) cm long; woody. Culm-internodes similar in length; channelled; thin-walled. Culm-nodes glabrous, or pubescent. Lateral branches dendroid. Branch complement three, or several; with subequal branches; thinner than stem. Culm-sheaths deciduous; without auricles. Leaf-sheath oral hairs setose. Leaf-sheath auricles falcate. Ligule an eciliate membrane; 0.5-1 mm long. Collar pubescent. Leaf-blade base with a brief petiole-like connection to sheath. Leaf-blades deciduous at the ligule; lanceolate; 15-25 cm long; 20-40 mm wide. Leaf-blade venation with distinct cross veins.
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences
- Inflorescence comprising only a few spikelets; comprising 1-3 fertile spikelets. Spikelets solitary. Fertile spikelets pedicelled.
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences Spikelets
- Spikelets comprising 6-12 fertile florets; with diminished florets at the apex. Spikelets oblong; laterally compressed; 40-70 mm long; breaking up at maturity; disarticulating below each fertile floret. Rhachilla internodes pubescent.
- Fertile
- Spikelets comprising 6-12 fertile florets; with diminished florets at the apex. Spikelets oblong; laterally compressed; 40-70 mm long; breaking up at maturity; disarticulating below each fertile floret. Rhachilla internodes pubescent.
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences Bracts Glume
- Glumes one the lower absent or obscure, or two, or several; 1-2 empty glumes; persistent; similar; shorter than spikelet. Lower glume lanceolate; 0.3-0.7 length of upper glume; chartaceous; without keels; 5-7 -veined. Lower glume apex acute. Upper glume elliptic; 0.5 length of adjacent fertile lemma; chartaceous; without keels; 7-9 -veined. Upper glume apex acute.
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Florets
- Fertile lemma ovate; 15-25 mm long; chartaceous; without keel; 7-9 -veined. Lemma surface puberulous; hairy below. Lemma apex attenuate; muticous, or mucronate, or awned; 1 -awned. Principal lemma awn 0-5 mm long overall. Palea 1 length of lemma; 2 -veined. Palea keels scabrous. Apical sterile florets resembling fertile though underdeveloped.
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers
- Lodicules 3. Anthers 3. Stigmas 3.
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits
- Caryopsis with adherent pericarp; apex unappendaged.
- Distribution
- North America: north-central USA, northeast USA, south-central USA, and southeast USA.
- Reference
- Bambuseae. Gould.
- Diagnostic
- Branches with 0-1 compressed basal internodes.
Native to:
Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, Missouri, North Carolina, Ohio, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, West Virginia
Introduced into:
Kansas, Pennsylvania
- Arundinaria bambusina (Fisch.) Trin.
- Arundinaria gigantea subsp. macrosperma (Michx.) McClure
- Arundinaria macrosperma Michx.
- Arundinaria macrosperma var. arborescens Munro
- Arundo gigantea Walter
- Bambusa hermannii E.G.Camus
- Ludolfia macrosperma (Michx.) Willd.
- Miegia arundinacea Torr. ex Munro
- Miegia arundinaria Raf.
- Miegia gigantea (Walter) Nutt.
- Miegia macrosperma (Michx.) Pers.
- Nastus macrospermus (Michx.) Raspail
- Triglossum bambusinum Fisch.
Arundinaria gigantea (Walter) Muhl. appears in other Kew resources:
| Date | Reference | Identified As | Barcode | Type Status | Has image? |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dr. Torrey [s.n.], Georgia (USA) | K000872666 | Yes | |||
| Nuttall [s.n.] | K000872667 | Yes |
First published in Cat. Pl. Amer. Sept.: 14 (1813)
Accepted by
- Clayton, W.D., Harman, K.T. & Williamson, H. (2006). World Grass Species - Synonymy database The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
- Flora of North America Editorial Committee (2007). Flora of North America North of Mexico 24: 1-908. Oxford University Press, New York, Oxford.
- Krayesky, D.M. & Chmielewski, J.G. (2014). Arundinaria gigantea: New to Pennsylvania Rhodora. Journal of the New England Botanical Club 116: 228-231.
Literature
Kew Backbone Distributions
- Flora of North America Editorial Committee (2007). Flora of North America North of Mexico 24: 1-908. Oxford University Press, New York, Oxford.
- Krayesky, D.M. & Chmielewski, J.G. (2014). Arundinaria gigantea: New to Pennsylvania Rhodora. Journal of the New England Botanical Club 116: 228-231.
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GrassBase - The Online World Grass Flora
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0
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Herbarium Catalogue Specimens
Digital Image © Board of Trustees, RBG Kew http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
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Kew Backbone Distributions
The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families 2022. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/
© Copyright 2017 World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0
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Kew Names and Taxonomic Backbone
The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families 2022. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/
© Copyright 2017 International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0