Family:
Poaceae Barnhart
Genus:
Enneapogon Desv. ex P.Beauv.

Enneapogon desvauxii P.Beauv.

This species is accepted, and its native range is Africa, Temp. Asia to Indian Subcontinent, W. Central U.S.A. to Mexico, Peru to Argentina. It is used as animal food and invertebrate food, has environmental uses and for food.

[GB]
Morphology General Habit
Annual, or perennial; caespitose. Butt sheaths persistent and investing base of culm; with fibrous dead sheaths. Culms 3-40 cm long; wiry. Culm-internodes distally pubescent. Ligule a fringe of hairs. Leaf-blades filiform; involute; 5-10 cm long; 1-2 mm wide. Leaf-blade surface pilose; with capitate hairs.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences
Inflorescence a panicle. Panicle spiciform; oblong, or ovate; 2-8 cm long. Spikelets solitary. Fertile spikelets pedicelled.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences Spikelets
Spikelets comprising 1 fertile florets; with diminished florets at the apex. Spikelets oblong; laterally compressed; 2.8-5.5 mm long; breaking up at maturity; disarticulating below each fertile floret.
Fertile
Spikelets comprising 1 fertile florets; with diminished florets at the apex. Spikelets oblong; laterally compressed; 2.8-5.5 mm long; breaking up at maturity; disarticulating below each fertile floret.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences Bracts Glume
Glumes persistent; similar; exceeding apex of florets; thinner than fertile lemma. Lower glume ovate; 2.5-5 mm long; 0.9 length of upper glume; membranous; grey; without keels; 3-9 -veined. Lower glume surface pubescent. Lower glume apex acute. Upper glume ovate; 2.8-5.5 mm long; 1.8-2.8 length of adjacent fertile lemma; membranous; grey; without keels; 3-9 -veined. Upper glume surface pubescent. Upper glume apex acute.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Florets
Fertile lemma oblong; 1.5-2 mm long; chartaceous; without keel; 9 -veined. Lemma surface villous; hairy below. Lemma apex dentate; 9 -fid; awned; 9 -awned. Principal lemma awn 2.5-5 mm long overall; limb ciliate; glabrescent towards tip. Lateral lemma awns arising on apex of lobes; subequal to principal; ciliate. Palea keels ciliolate. Apical sterile florets 2 in number; dissimilar. First apical floret male; oblong; villous. Apical sterile florets barren; rudimentary. Apical sterile lemmas awned; 9 -awned. Apical sterile lemma awns 0.3-0.8 mm long; ciliate.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers
Lodicules 2. Anthers 3; 0.3-0.5 mm long.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits
Caryopsis with adherent pericarp. Hilum punctiform.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Cleistogene
Cleistogenes present; in lower sheaths.
Distribution
Africa: north, Macaronesia, west tropical, northeast tropical, east tropical, southern tropical, and south. Asia-temperate: Siberia, Soviet Middle Asia, western Asia, Arabia, China, and Mongolia. Asia-tropical: India. North America: southwest USA, south-central USA, and Mexico. South America: western South America and southern South America.
Reference
Pappophoreae. FTEA.

[FTEA]

Gramineae, W. D. Clayton, S. M. Phillips & S. A. Renvoize. Flora of Tropical East Africa. 1974

Morphology General Habit
Tufted perennial; culms wiry below, 3–40 cm. high, usually shortly hairy all over, the base often clad in the fibrous remains of the previous year’s growth.
Morphology Leaves
Leaf-blades up to 10 cm. long, involute, rarely flat and then up to 2 mm. broad.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences
Inflorescence a spike-like panicle, ovate to irregularly cylindrical, 2–8 cm. long.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences Spikelets
Glumes both 3–9-nerved, the lower 2.5–5 mm. long, the upper 2.8–5.5 mm. long; lowest lemma 1.5–2 mm. long, its awns 2.5–5 mm. long and densely ciliate for much of their length; second lemma smaller, usually ♂; third lemma 0.5–2 mm. long, including the awns which are reduced to a small tuft; anthers 0.3–0.5 mm. long.
Figures
Fig. 55/9, p. 168.
Habitat
Acacia, Commiphora deciduous bushland and semi-desert, on rocky or sandy, often calcareous soils; 400–1600 m.
Distribution
throughout the African continent, extending eastwards through Arabia to India and China, also in Central and South America K1 K2 K6 K7 T1 T2

[CPLC]

Bernal, R., Gradstein, S.R. & Celis, M. (eds.). 2015. Catálogo de plantas y líquenes de Colombia. Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá. http://catalogoplantasdecolombia.unal.edu.co

Distribution
Nativa en Colombia.
Morphology General Habit
Hierba
Conservation
No Evaluada

[FZ]

Gramineae, E. Launert. Flora Zambesiaca 10:1. 1971

Morphology General Habit
A compact caespitose often stoloniferous perennial, usually densely glandular-pubescent all over.
Morphology Culms
Culms 5-15 (rarely to 40) cm. tall, 2-5-noded, geniculately ascending, sometimes decumbent, often with a bulbous thickening at the base, simple or branched, rather slender, asperulous.
Morphology Leaves
Leaves mostly confined to the base, forming dense tufts; sheaths tight at first later somewhat loose, finely to coarsely striate, the oldest long-persistent and splitting into fibres which form dense cushions at the base of the culm.
Morphology Leaves Leaf lamina
Leaf-laminae 2.5-7.5(12) x 0.3-0.5 cm., filiform, almost always convolute, tapering to a very fine point, flexible, asperulous.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences
Panicle 1.5-5(7.5) cm. long, spike-like, narrowly cylindrical or rarely ovate-oblong in outline, rather dense, light to dark grey.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences Spikelets
Spikelets 3-5.5 mm. long, 3-flowered (see note below), crowded.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences Bracts Glume
Glumes subequal, oblong, scantily pilose, with the apex obtuse to slightly emarginate, light to dark grey; the inferior 2.3-5 mm. long, 3-7-nerved; the superior 2.8-5.5 mm. long, 3-5-nerved.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences Bracts Lemma
Fertile lemma (the inferior) 1.5-2 mm. long (excluding the awns), dorsally shortly villous; awns 2-4 mm. long, shortly plumose to or beyond the middle.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Androecium Stamens Anthers
Anthers 0.3-0.5 (rarely 0.7) mm. long.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits
Caryopsis c. 1 mm. long.

[FSOM]

M. Thulin et al. Flora of Somalia, Vol. 1-4 [updated 2008] https://plants.jstor.org/collection/FLOS

Morphology General Habit
Tufted perennial or sometimes annual, up to 27 cm high; basal sheaths persistent, forming a pseudobulbous base to the stem and usually ultimately disintegrating into a tuft of fibres
Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences
Panicle densely contracted, spike-like
Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences Spikelets
Lower glume 7-nerved, 1.8–3.5 mm long; upper glume 5-nerved, 2–4.5 mm long; fertile lemma 3.4–6 mm long (including awns), hairy on the back all over; awns ciliate; anthers 0.4–0.8(–1.2) mm long; third lemma vestigial, 0.3–0.8 mm long.
Distribution
N1–3; C1 Africa to India and China, Central and South America.
Ecology
Altitude range 0–1500 m.
Vernacular
Caws leeye, harfo (Somali)

[UPFC]
Distribution
Native to Colombia.
Habit
Herb.

[FWTA]

Gramineae, W. D. Clayton. Flora of West Tropical Africa 3:2. 1972

Morphology General Habit
Tufted perennial up to 23 cm. high.

[UPFC]
Use Animal Food
Used as animal food.
Use Environmental
Environmental uses.
Use Food
Used for food.
Use Invertebrate Food
Used as invertebrate food.

Native to:

Algeria, Angola, Argentina Northeast, Argentina Northwest, Arizona, Bolivia, Botswana, Buryatiya, California, Canary Is., Cape Provinces, Cape Verde, Chad, Chile North, China North-Central, China South-Central, China Southeast, Chita, Colorado, Djibouti, Egypt, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Free State, Gulf States, India, Inner Mongolia, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kirgizstan, Krasnoyarsk, Libya, Mali, Manchuria, Mauritania, Mexico Central, Mexico Northeast, Mexico Northwest, Mexico Southwest, Mongolia, Morocco, Namibia, Nevada, New Mexico, Niger, Northern Provinces, Oklahoma, Oman, Pakistan, Palestine, Peru, Qinghai, Saudi Arabia, Sinai, Socotra, Somalia, Sudan, Tanzania, Texas, Tunisia, Tuva, Utah, Western Sahara, Xinjiang, Yemen, Zimbabwe

Introduced into:

Hawaii, Maryland

English
8-day grass

Enneapogon desvauxii P.Beauv. appears in other Kew resources:

Date Reference Identified As Barcode Type Status Has image?
Bolles [s.n.], Cape Verde K000366568 Yes
Welwitsch [2281] K000366575 Yes
Welwitsch [2883] K000366576 Yes
Tuck [s.n.], South Africa K000366577 Yes
Willmott, E. A. [s.n.] K000366772 Yes
Jamin, P. [276] K000366773 Yes
Balansa, B. [726] K000366774 Yes
Wright, C. [s.n.], USA K000906169 Yes
Wright, C. [s.n.], New Mexico K000906171 Yes
Palmer, E. [1361], Mexico K000308700 Yes
Parry, C.C. [947], San Luis Potosí K000308699 Yes
Wright, C. [751], USA K000906168 Yes
Figari, A. bey [s.n.], Sinai K000906217 isotype Yes
Wright, C. [2029], New Mexico K000906170 Yes
Palmer, Dr. E. [1721], Mexico K000308701 Yes

First published in Ess. Agrostogr.: 82 (1812)

Accepted by

  • Audru, J., Cesar, J. & Lebrun, J.-P. (1993). Les Plantes Vasculaires de la République de Djibouti. Flore Illustrée 2(2): 433-968. CIRAD, Départerment d'Elevage et de Médecine vétérinaire, Djibouti.
  • Barry, J. P. & Celles, J.S. (1991). Flore de Mauritanie 2: 360-550. Centre Regional de Documentation Pedagogique, Nice.
  • Boudet, G., Lebrun, J.P. & Demange, R. (1986). Catalogue des plantes vasculaires du Mali: 1-465. Etudes d'Elevage et de Médecine Vétérinaire des Pays Tropicaux.
  • Boulos, L. (2005). Flora of Egypt 4: 1-617. Al Hadara Publishing, Cairo.
  • Brako, L. & Zarucchi, J.L. (1993). Catalogue of the Flowering Plants and Gymnosperms of Peru Monographs in Systematic Botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden 45: i-xl, 1-1286. Missouri Botanical Garden.
  • Clayton, W.D. (1970). Gramineae Flora of Tropical East Africa 1: 1-176.
  • Clayton, W.D., Harman, K.T. & Williamson, H. (2006). World Grass Species - Synonymy database The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  • Cope, T.A., Knees, S.G. & Miller, A.G. (2007). Flora of the Arabian peninsula and Socotra 5(1): 1-387. Edinburgh University Press.
  • Danin, A. (2004). Distribution Atlas of Plants in the Flora Palaestina area: 1-517. The Israel Academy of Sciences and Humanities, Jerusalem.
  • Darbyshire, I., Kordofani, M., Farag, I., Candiga, R. & Pickering, H. (eds.) (2015). The Plants of Sudan and South Sudan: 1-400. Kew publishing, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  • Dobignard, D. & Chatelain, C. (2010). Index synonymique de la flore d'Afrique du nord 1: 1-455. Éditions des conservatoire et jardin botaniques, Genève.
  • Dávila, P., Mejia-Saulés, M.T., Gómez-Sánchez, N., Valdés-Reyna, J., Ortíz, J.J., Morín, C., Castrejón, J. & Ocampo, A. (2006). Catálogo de las Gramíneas de México: 1-671. CONABIO, México city.
  • Figueiredo, E. & Smith, G.F. (2008). Plants of Angola Strelitzia 22: 1-279. National Botanical Institute, Pretoria.
  • Flora of North America Editorial Committee (2003). Flora of North America North of Mexico 25: 1-781. Oxford University Press, New York, Oxford.
  • Germishuizen, G. & Meyer, N.L. (eds.) (2003). Plants of Southern Africa: an annotated checklist. Strelitzia 14.: i-vi, 1-1231. National Botanical Institute, Pretoria.
  • Ghazanfar, S.A. (1992). An Annotated Catalogue of the Vascular Plants of Oman and their Vernacular names Scripta Botanica Belgica 2: 1-153.
  • Hedberg, I. & Edwards, S. (eds.) (1995). Flora of Ethiopia and Eritrea 7: 1-430. The National Herbarium, Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia & The Department of Systematic Botany, Upps.
  • Hepper, F.N. (ed.) (1972). Flora of West Tropical Africa, ed. 2, 3(2): 277-574.
  • Jongbloed, M., Western, R.A. & Boer, B. (2000). Annotated Check-list for plants in the U.A.E.: 1-90. Zodiac Publishing, Dubai.
  • Karthikeyan, S., Jain, S.K., Nayar, M.P. & Sanjappa, M. (1989). Florae Indicae Enumeratio: Monocotyledonae: 1-435. Botanical Survey of India, Calcutta.
  • Launert, E. (1971). Flora Zambesiaca 10(1): 1-152. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  • Miller, A.G. & Morris, M. (2004). Ethnoflora of Soqotra Archipelago: 1-759. The Royal Botanic Garden, Edinburgh.
  • Peyre de Fabregues, B. & Lebrun, J.-P. (1976). Catalogue des Plantes Vascularies du Niger: 1-433. Institut d' Elevage et de Médecine Vétérinaire des Pays Tropicaux, Maisons Alfort.
  • Powell, A.M. & Worthington, R.D. (2018). Flowering plants of Trans-Pecos Texas and ajacent areas: 1-1444. BRIT Press.
  • Renvoize, S.A. (1998). Gramineas de Bolivia: 1-644. The Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  • Thulin, M. (ed.) (1995). Flora of Somalia 4: i-ii, 1-298. The Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  • Wood, J.R.I. (1997). A Handbook of the Yemen Flora: 1-434. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  • Wu, Z. & Raven, P.H. (eds.) (2006). Poaceae Flora of China 22: 1-733. Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis.
  • Zuloaga, F.O., Morrone, O. , Belgrano, M.J., Marticorena, C. & Marchesi, E. (eds.) (2008). Catálogo de las Plantas Vasculares del Cono Sur Monographs in Systematic Botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden 107: 1-3348. Missouri Botanical Garden.

Literature

Catálogo de Plantas y Líquenes de Colombia

  • Bernal, R., Gradstein, S.R. & Celis, M. (eds.). 2015. Catálogo de plantas y líquenes de Colombia. Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá. http://catalogoplantasdecolombia.unal.edu.co

Flora of West Tropical Africa

  • Ess. Agrost. 82, 161, f. 16/11 (1812).

Kew Backbone Distributions

  • Audru, J., Cesar, J. & Lebrun, J.-P. (1993). Les Plantes Vasculaires de la République de Djibouti. Flore Illustrée 2(2): 433-968. CIRAD, Départerment d'Elevage et de Médecine vétérinaire, Djibouti.
  • Boudet, G., Lebrun, J.P. & Demange, R. (1986). Catalogue des plantes vasculaires du Mali: 1-465. Etudes d'Elevage et de Médecine Vétérinaire des Pays Tropicaux.
  • Boulos, L. (2005). Flora of Egypt 4: 1-617. Al Hadara Publishing, Cairo.
  • Brako, L. & Zarucchi, J.L. (1993). Catalogue of the Flowering Plants and Gymnosperms of Peru Monographs in Systematic Botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden 45: i-xl, 1-1286. Missouri Botanical Garden.
  • Clayton, W.D. (1970). Gramineae Flora of Tropical East Africa 1: 1-176.
  • Cope, T.A. (1982). Flora of Pakistan 143: 1-678. Department of Botany, University of Karachi, Karachi.
  • Cope, T.A., Knees, S.G. & Miller, A.G. (2007). Flora of the Arabian peninsula and Socotra 5(1): 1-387. Edinburgh University Press.
  • Danin, A. (2004). Distribution Atlas of Plants in the Flora Palaestina area: 1-517. The Israel Academy of Sciences and Humanities, Jerusalem.
  • Dobignard, A., Jacquemoud, F. & Jordan, D. (1992). Matériaux pour la conaissance floristique du Sahara occidental et l'Anti-Atlas méridional. I. Pteridophyta à Rosaceae Candollea 47: 113-179.
  • Dobignard, D. & Chatelain, C. (2010). Index synonymique de la flore d'Afrique du nord 1: 1-455. Éditions des conservatoire et jardin botaniques, Genève.
  • Dávila, P., Mejia-Saulés, M.T., Gómez-Sánchez, N., Valdés-Reyna, J., Ortíz, J.J., Morín, C., Castrejón, J. & Ocampo, A. (2006). Catálogo de las Gramíneas de México: 1-671. CONABIO, México city.
  • Figueiredo, E. & Smith, G.F. (2008). Plants of Angola Strelitzia 22: 1-279. National Botanical Institute, Pretoria.
  • Flora of North America Editorial Committee (2003). Flora of North America North of Mexico 25: 1-781. Oxford University Press, New York, Oxford.
  • Germishuizen, G. & Meyer, N.L. (eds.) (2003). Plants of Southern Africa: an annotated checklist. Strelitzia 14.: i-vi, 1-1231. National Botanical Institute, Pretoria.
  • Grubov, V.I. (2008). Key to the vascular plants of Mongolia (with an atlas) 2: 1-503. Academy of Sciences, Mongolian People's Republic, Ulaan Bator.
  • Hedberg, I. & Edwards, S. (eds.) (1995). Flora of Ethiopia and Eritrea 7: 1-430. The National Herbarium, Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia & The Department of Systematic Botany, Upps.
  • Hepper, F.N. (ed.) (1972). Flora of West Tropical Africa, ed. 2, 3(2): 277-574.
  • Karthikeyan, S., Jain, S.K., Nayar, M.P. & Sanjappa, M. (1989). Florae Indicae Enumeratio: Monocotyledonae: 1-435. Botanical Survey of India, Calcutta.
  • Launert, E. (1971). Flora Zambesiaca 10(1): 1-152. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  • Malyschev, L.I. & Peschkova, G.A. (eds.) (2001). Flora of Siberia 2: 1-362. Scientific Publishers, Inc., Enfield, Plymouth.
  • Miller, A.G. & Morris, M. (2004). Ethnoflora of Soqotra Archipelago: 1-759. The Royal Botanic Garden, Edinburgh.
  • Pavlov, N.V. (ed.) (1956). Flora Kazakhstana 1: 1-354. Alma-Ata, Izd-vo Akademii nauk Kazakhskoi SSR.
  • Renvoize, S.A. (1998). Gramineas de Bolivia: 1-644. The Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  • Thulin, M. (ed.) (1995). Flora of Somalia 4: i-ii, 1-298. The Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  • Wu, Z. & Raven, P.H. (eds.) (2006). Poaceae Flora of China 22: 1-733. Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis.
  • Zuloaga, F.O., Morrone, O. , Belgrano, M.J., Marticorena, C. & Marchesi, E. (eds.) (2008). Catálogo de las Plantas Vasculares del Cono Sur Monographs in Systematic Botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden 107: 1-3348. Missouri Botanical Garden.

Flora of Somalia

  • Flora Somalia, Vol 4, (1995) Author: by T. A. Cope [updated by M. Thulin 2008]

Flora of Tropical East Africa

  • P. Beauv., Ess. Agrost.: 82, t. 16/11 (1812). Typified by the illustration, probably of a plant from Argentina.

Useful Plants and Fungi of Colombia

  • Bernal, R., Gradstein, S.R., & Celis, M. (eds.). (2020). Catálogo de Plantas y Líquenes de Colombia. v1.1. Universidad Nacional de Colombia. Dataset/Checklist. https://doi.org/10.15472/7avdhn
  • Burkill HM. (1995). The useful plants of west tropical Africa, Vols. 1-3. The useful plants of west tropical Africa, Vols 1-3.
  • Diazgranados et al. (2021). Catalogue of plants of Colombia. Useful Plants and Fungi of Colombia project. In prep.
  • Diazgranados, M., Allkin, B., Black N., Cámara-Leret, R., Canteiro C., Carretero J., Eastwood R., Hargreaves S., Hudson A., Milliken W., Nesbitt, M., Ondo, I., Patmore, K., Pironon, S., Turner, R., Ulian, T. (2020). World Checklist of Useful Plant Species. Produced by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Knowledge Network for Biocomplexity.
  • FPI (2021). Food Plants International. https://fms.cmsvr.com/fmi/webd/Food_Plants_World?homeurl=https://foodplantsinternational.com/plants/
  • PROTA (2021). Plants Resources of Tropical Africa. https://prota4u.org/database/
  • RBG, Kew (ed.) (1999). Survey of Economic Plants for Arid and Semi-Arid Lands (SEPASAL) database. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, London.
  • Willis, K.J. (ed.) (2017). State of the World’s Plants 2017. Report. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.

  • Catálogo de Plantas y Líquenes de Colombia

    http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Flora Zambesiaca

    Flora Zambesiaca
    http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Flora of Somalia

    Flora of Somalia
    http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Flora of Tropical East Africa

    Flora of Tropical East Africa
    http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Flora of West Tropical Africa

    Flora of West Tropical Africa
    http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • GrassBase - The Online World Grass Flora

    http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Herbarium Catalogue Specimens

    Digital Image © Board of Trustees, RBG Kew http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

  • Kew Backbone Distributions

    The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families 2022. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/
    © Copyright 2017 World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

  • Kew Names and Taxonomic Backbone

    The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families 2022. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/
    © Copyright 2017 International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

  • Kew Science Photographs

    Copyright applied to individual images

  • Plants and People Africa

    Common Names from Plants and People Africa http://www.plantsandpeopleafrica.com/
    © Plants and People Africa http://www.plantsandpeopleafrica.com http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

  • Useful Plants and Fungi of Colombia

    http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0