Iridaceae
Iris

Iris pseudacorus L.

First published in Sp. Pl.: 38 (1753)
This species is accepted
The native range of this species is Europe to Caucasus, Medit. to Iran. It is a rhizomatous geophyte or helophyte and grows primarily in the temperate biome.

Distribution

Native to:

Albania, Algeria, Austria, Baleares, Baltic States, Belarus, Belgium, Bulgaria, Central European Russia, Corse, Czechoslovakia, Denmark, East Aegean Is., East European Russia, Finland, France, Føroyar, Germany, Great Britain, Greece, Hungary, Iran, Ireland, Italy, Kazakhstan, Kriti, Krym, Lebanon-Syria, Madeira, Morocco, Netherlands, North Caucasus, North European Russia, Northwest European Russia, Norway, Palestine, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Sardegna, Sicilia, South European Russia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Transcaucasus, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkey-in-Europe, Ukraine, West Siberia, Yugoslavia

Introduced into:

Alabama, Argentina Northeast, Arkansas, British Columbia, California, Colorado, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Illinois, India, Iowa, Japan, Kansas, Kentucky, Korea, Louisiana, Maine, Manitoba, Maryland, Massachusetts, Minnesota, Missouri, New Brunswick, New Hampshire, New Mexico, New York, New Zealand North, Newfoundland, North Carolina, Nova Scotia, Ohio, Ontario, Pennsylvania, Prince Edward I., Québec, Rhode I., South Carolina, Tennessee, Vermont, Virginia, Washington, West Virginia, Wisconsin

Synonyms

Homotypic Synonyms

Heterotypic Synonyms

Classification

Kew's Tree of Life Explorer

Discover the flowering plant tree of life and the genomic data used to build it.

View the Tree of Life
PAFTOL

Publications

POWO follows these authorities in accepting this name:

  • Alexeyeva, N. (2008). Genus Iris L. (Iridaceae) in the Russia. Turczaninowia 11(2): 5-68.
  • Allred, K.W. (2012). Flora Neomexicana, ed. 2, 1: 1-599. Range Science Herbarium, Las Cruces, New Mexico.
  • Chang, C.S., Kim, H. & Chang, K.S. (2014). Provisional checklist of vascular plants for the Korea peninsula flora (KPF): 1-660. DESIGNPOST.
  • Colasante, M.A. (2014). Iridaceae presenti in Italia: 1-415. Sapienza, Università Editrice, Roma.
  • Czerepanov, S.K. (1995). Vascular Plants of Russia and Adjacent States (The Former USSR): 1-516. Cambridge University Press.
  • Danin, A. (2004). Distribution Atlas of Plants in the Flora Palaestina Area: 404-410. Israel Academy of Sciences and Humanities.
  • Davis, P.H. (ed.) (1984). Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands 8: 381-450. Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh.
  • Denslow, M.W., Katz, G.L. & Jennings, W.F. (2011). First record of Iris pseudacorus (Iridaceae) from Colorado. Journal of the Botanical Research Institute of Texas 5: 327-328.
  • Dobignard, D. & Chatelain, C. (2010). Index synonymique de la flore d'Afrique du nord 1: 1-455. Éditions des conservatoire et jardin botaniques, Genève.
  • Feinbrun-Dothan, N. (1986). Flora Palaestina 4: 112-137. Israel Academy of Sciences and Humanities.
  • Flora of North America Editorial Committee (2002). Flora of North America North of Mexico 26: 1-723. Oxford University Press, New York, Oxford.
  • Güner, A., Kandemir, A., Menemen, Y., Yıldırım, H., Aslan, S., Çimen, A.Ö., Güner, I., Ekşi, G. & Şen, F. (eds.) (2022). Resimli Türkiye Florası (Illustrated Flora of Turkey) 3a: 1-868. ANG Vakfı Nezahat Gökyiğit Botanik Bahçesi Yayınları. İstanbul.
  • Hansen, A. & Sunding, P. (1985). Flora of Macaronesia. Checklist of vascular plants. 3. revised edition. Sommerfeltia 1: 5-103.
  • Hassler, M. & Muer, T. (2022). Flora Germanica: alle Farn- und Blütenpflanzen Deutschlands in Text und Bild 1: 1-864. Verlag Regionalkultur, Uberstadt-Weiher.
  • Innes, C. (1985). The World of Iridaceae: 1-407. Holly Gare International Ltd., Ashington.
  • Iwatsuki, K., Boufford, D.E. & Ohba, H. (2016). Flora of Japan IVb: 1-335. Kodansha Ltd., Tokyo.
  • Knapp, W.M. & Naczi, R.F.C. (2021). Vascular plants of Maryland, USA. A comprehensive account of the state's botanical diversity. Smithsonian Contributions to Botany 113: 1-151.
  • Komarov, V.L. (ed.) (1935). Flora SSSR 4: 1-586. Izdatel'stov Akademii Nauk SSSR, Leningrad.
  • Lee, W.T. (1996). Lineamenta Florae Koreae: 1-1688. Soul T'ukpyolsi: Ak'ademi Sojok.
  • Maire, R. (1959 publ. 1960). Flore de l'Afrique du Nord 6: 1-397. Paul Lechevalier, Paris.
  • Malyschev L.I. & Peschkova , G.A. (eds.) (2001). Flora of Siberia 4: 1-238. Scientific Publishers, Inc., Enfield, Plymouth.
  • Mirek, Z., Piękoś-Mirkowa, H., Zając, A. & Zając, M (2020). Vascular plants of Poland an annotated checklist: 1-526. W. Szafer institute of botany, Polish academy of sciences, Krakow, Poland.
  • Muer, T., Sauerbier, H. & Cabrara Calixto, F. (2020). Die Farn- und Blütenpflanzen Madeiras: 1-792. Verlag und Versandbuchhandlung Andreas Kleinsteuber.
  • Múlgura, M.E. (1996). Catálogo de las Plantas Vasculares de la República Argentina 1: 205-217. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis.
  • Pavlov, N.V. (ed.) (1958). Flora Kazakhstana 2: 1-290. Alma-Ata, Izd-vo Akademii nauk Kazakhskoi SSR.
  • Post, G.E. (1933). Fl. Syria, Palestine & Sinai 2: 583-604. American Press, Beirut.
  • Stace, C. (2019). New Flora of the British Isles ed. 4: 1-1266. C & M Floristics.
  • Takhtajan, A.L. (ed.) (2006). Konspekt Flora Kavkaza 2: 1-466. Editio Universitatis Petropolitanae.
  • Tutin, T.G. & al. (eds.) (1980). Flora Europaea 5: 1-452. Cambridge University Press.
  • Wendelbo, P. & Mathew, B (1975). Flora Iranica 112: 1-79. Naturhistorisches Museums Wien.

Kew Backbone Distributions

  • Allred, K.W. (2012). Flora Neomexicana, ed. 2, 1: 1-599. Range Science Herbarium, Las Cruces, New Mexico.
  • Chadde, S.W. (2019). Minnesota Flora. An illustrated guide to the vascular plants of Minnesota ed. 2: 1-776. Steve W. Chadde.
  • Chadde, S.W. (2019). Wisconsin Flora ed. 2: 1-818. Steve W. Chadde.
  • Chikhali, Mwaffak, & al. (2024-continuously updated). Flora Syria On Line www.fsol.net.sy.
  • Danin, A. (2004). Distribution Atlas of Plants in the Flora Palaestina Area: 404-410. Israel Academy of Sciences and Humanities.
  • Davis, P.H. (ed.) (1984). Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands 8: 381-450. Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh.
  • Denslow, M.W., Katz, G.L. & Jennings, W.F. (2011). First record of Iris pseudacorus (Iridaceae) from Colorado. Journal of the Botanical Research Institute of Texas 5: 327-328.
  • Flora of North America Editorial Committee (2002). Flora of North America North of Mexico 26: 1-723. Oxford University Press, New York, Oxford.
  • Gilman, A.V. (2015). New flora of Vermont. Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden 110: 1-614.
  • Iwatsuki, K., Boufford, D.E. & Ohba, H. (2016). Flora of Japan IVb: 1-335. Kodansha Ltd., Tokyo.
  • Knapp, W.M. & Naczi, R.F.C. (2021). Vascular plants of Maryland, USA. A comprehensive account of the state's botanical diversity. Smithsonian Contributions to Botany 113: 1-151.
  • Komarov, V.L. (ed.) (1935). Flora SSSR 4: 1-586. Izdatel'stov Akademii Nauk SSSR, Leningrad.
  • Lee, W.T. (1996). Lineamenta Florae Koreae: 1-1688. Soul T'ukpyolsi: Ak'ademi Sojok.
  • Maire, R. (1959 publ. 1960). Flore de l'Afrique du Nord 6: 1-397. Paul Lechevalier, Paris.
  • Meades, S.J. & Brouillet, L. (2019). Annotated Checklist of the Vascular Plants of Newfoundland and Labrador https://newfoundland-labradorflora.ca/checklist/.
  • Múlgura, M.E. (1996). Catálogo de las Plantas Vasculares de la República Argentina 1: 205-217. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis.
  • Pavlov, N.V. (ed.) (1958). Flora Kazakhstana 2: 1-290. Alma-Ata, Izd-vo Akademii nauk Kazakhskoi SSR.
  • Press, J.R. & Short, M.J. (eds.) (1994). Flora of Madeira: i-xviii, 1-574. HMSO.
  • Tutin, T.G. & al. (eds.) (1980). Flora Europaea 5: 1-452. Cambridge University Press.
  • Wendelbo, P. & Mathew, B (1975). Flora Iranica 112: 1-79. Naturhistorisches Museums Wien.

Other Data

Other Kew resources that provide information on this taxon:

Date Reference Identified As Barcode Type Status Has image?
Jul 17, 2021 Asadova K.K.; Abdiyeva R.T.; Nigar M.; Ibrahimova A.G. [SBIB-00331] Azerbaijan K009000121 No
s.coll. [s.n.] United Kingdom K002983454 Yes
Moldenke, H. [1323] United States K002931523 Yes
Proudlock, R.L. [42] Jersey K002983493 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] Greece K002983530 Yes
[! W. R. D] [s.n.] United Kingdom K002983461 Yes
Ballard, F.; [E. A. Golby] [270] Guernsey K002983487 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] Morocco K002214995 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K002932267 Yes
Güner, A. [1504] Türkiye K002984512 Yes
Rigo, P. [s.n.] Italy K002983523 Yes
s.coll. [29714] United Kingdom K002983478 Yes
Billot, C.; Bavoux, V.; Guichard, A.; Guichard, P.; Paillot, J. [s.n.] France K002983511 Yes
Gillett, J.B. [16154] Kenya K002932286 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] United Kingdom K002983417 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K002932296 Yes
Metcalfe, E. [s.n.] United Kingdom K002983463 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K002983500 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] France K002983505 Yes
Salisbury, E.J. [s.n.] United Kingdom K002983419 Yes
Andersson; [J. S. W] [s.n.] K002983499 Yes
Baker, J.G. [s.n.] United Kingdom K002983443 Yes
Pennington, R.V. [92] Albania K002983526 Yes
{Fr. Sennen} [s.n.] Spain K002983517 Yes
Brenan, J.P.M. [5482] United Kingdom K002983472 Yes
Wallace, E.C. [s.n.] United Kingdom K002983442 Yes
Güner, A. [s.n.] Türkiye K002984511 Yes
Simpson, N.D. [4705] Egypt K002984520 Yes
Wyatt, J.W. [235] United Kingdom K002983467 Yes
Güner, A. [1258] Türkiye K002984516 Yes
Radde [486] K002984502 Yes
Fraser, J. [s.n.] United Kingdom K002983456 Yes
Robert [s.n.] Norway K002983495 Yes
Burkart, A. [6960] Argentina K002931740 Yes
Balls, E.K. [B316] K002984507 Yes
Hosking, A. [s.n.] United Kingdom K002983435 Yes
Last, G.V.C. [676/1] United Kingdom K002983445 Yes
Ballard, F.; [E. A. Golby] [270] Guernsey K002983491 Yes
Vine, R.S. [s.n.] United Kingdom K002983460 Yes
Robert [s.n.] Norway K002983498 Yes
[W. Pah] [s.n.] United Kingdom K002983479 Yes
{Hayne, W.A.; Elwes} [s.n.] K002984530 Yes
Rothschild, N.C. [B1] Hungary K002932283 Yes
Güner, A. [1400] Türkiye K002984515 Yes
Pesmen, H.; Güner, A. [2069] Türkiye K002984513 Yes
Hubbard, C.E. [s.n.] United Kingdom K002983427 Yes
[Horeuce Whereat] [s.n.] United Kingdom K002983425 Yes
Jackson, A.B.; Fresnel, J. [s.n.] United Kingdom K002983444 Yes
Campbell, W.M. [s.n.] United Kingdom K002983452 Yes
{Dyer} [s.n] France K002983507 Yes
Lousley, J.E. [1034/27] France K002983510 Yes
Cope, T.A. [RBG 379] United Kingdom K000914595 Yes
Giles, J.J. [128] United Kingdom K000899992 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K002932292 Yes
Haradjian, M. [4224] Syria K002984534 Yes
Fraser, J. [s.n.] United Kingdom K002983455 Yes
Gregor, A.G. [s.n.] United Kingdom K002983439 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K002932289 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K002932265 Yes
Gladstone, J. [50] United Kingdom K002983480 Yes
Harris, G.W. [25] Greece K002983525 Yes
Thurston, E.; Hutchinson, J. [s.n.] United Kingdom K002983464 Yes
Balls, E.K. [B316] K002984508 Yes
Foster, S. [1067] United Kingdom K002983450 Yes
s.coll. [1017] United Kingdom K002983415 Yes
[Remooch] [s.n.] K002932268 Yes
Summerhayes, V.S. [1540] United Kingdom K002983438 Yes
Brown, N.E. [s.n.] United Kingdom K002983446 Yes
Ahlberg, F. [s.n.] K002983496 Yes
Tengwall, T.A. [584] Türkiye K002984504 Yes
Bourgeau, E. [s.n.] Spain K002983518 Yes
Mooney, H.F. [6552] Iran K002984524 Yes
Hubbard, C.E.; Sprague, T.A. [95] United Kingdom K002983424 Yes
{Aquatic garden, Kew.} [s.n.] K002932298 Yes
Burkart, A. [4045] Argentina K002931739 Yes
Ross-Craig, S.; Burtt, B.L.; Sealy, J.R. [300] United Kingdom K002983484 Yes
Metcalfe, E. [s.n.] United Kingdom K002983462 Yes
[J. H. Hennu] [62] K002930212 No
[H. C. Jecrugs] [1012] Ireland K002983486 Yes
[H. C. Joad] [s.n.] K002983502 Yes
David, B. [87] Türkiye K002984509 Yes
Ross-Craig, S.; Burtt, B.L.; Sealy, J.R. [300] United Kingdom K002983485 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K002932293 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K002932271 Yes
Huxley [131] Spain K002983516 Yes
Forbes [510] Greece K002983524 Yes
Crisp, P. [116] Iran K002984518 Yes
Davis, P.H.; Hedge, I.C. [D26957] Türkiye K002984503 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K002932275 Yes
Güner, A. [1411] Türkiye K002984514 Yes
[L. Bosmell Syme] [s.n.] United Kingdom K002983448 Yes
Sieber [s.n.] Greece K002983531 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K002932272 Yes
P.B.S. [299] Türkiye K002984506 Yes
{Baker} [s.n.] United Kingdom K002983449 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K002932269 Yes
Crisp, P. [116] Iran K002984519 Yes
Ross-Craig, S.; Sealy, J.R. [s.n.] United Kingdom K002983432 Yes
Ballard, F.; [E. A. Golby] [270] Guernsey K002983488 Yes
Joad, G.C. [1882] United Kingdom K002983447 Yes
Furse, P. [7110] Iran K002984522 Yes
Davis [41024] Türkiye K002984505 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] Germany K002983513 Yes
Cowan, J.M.; Darlington, C.D. [1719] Iran K002984526 Yes
Meyers, F.S.; Dinsmore, J.E. [1810] Jordan K002984531 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K002932294 Yes
Willkommii, H.M. [836] K002983520 Yes
Lowne, B.T. [s.n.] Syria K002984532 Yes
Haradjian, M. [2113] Syria K002984533 Yes
Trethewy, A.W. [427] Morocco K002214994 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] United Kingdom K002983436 Yes
Gladstone, J. [118] United Kingdom K002983483 Yes
Fraser, J. [s.n.] United Kingdom K002983457 Yes
Bonnet, E. [s.n.] France K002983503 Yes
Burkart, A. [6960] Argentina K002931741 Yes
Gamble, J.S. [28986] United Kingdom K002983459 Yes
Güner, A. [1511] Türkiye K002984510 Yes
[Horeuce Whereat] [s.n.] United Kingdom K002983426 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K002932276 Yes
[D. J. Ward] [68] United Kingdom K002983430 Yes
s.coll. [s.n] France K002983508 Yes
s.coll. [s.n] France K002983509 Yes
Trott, A.C. [205] Iran K002984523 Yes
Gratz [s.n.] Austria K002983515 Yes
Mann, R.J. [1579] United Kingdom K002983433 Yes
Pin, C. [s.n.] France K002983504 Yes
Rawlings, S. [126] United Kingdom K002983468 Yes
Thurston, E. [s.n.] United Kingdom K002983422 Yes
Britton, C.E. [s.n.] United Kingdom K002983440 Yes
Souster, J. [1384] United Kingdom K002983482 Yes
s.coll. [6] United Kingdom K002983428 Yes
Chick, H. [121] Iran K002984521 Yes
Tedd, H.G. [840] K002983527 Yes
Devis, H.F. [s.n.] United Kingdom K002983465 Yes
R.M.R. [s.n.] United Kingdom K002983431 Yes
Turrill, W.B. [s.n.] United Kingdom K002983476 Yes
Rigo, P. [s.n.] Italy K002983521 Yes
Gamble, J.S. [28986] United Kingdom K002983423 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] United Kingdom K002983434 Yes
[Eduib] [s.n.] United Kingdom K002983481 Yes
[W. R. D] [s.n.] France K002983506 Yes
[J. Bewton] [571] K002983519 Yes
s.coll. [s.n] K002983514 Yes
Anderson, B. [1582] Iran K002984517 Yes
Jersey [s.n.] K002983489 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K002932288 Yes
Roivainen, A. [s.n.] Finland K002983497 Yes
Ballard, F.; [E. A. Golby] [270] Guernsey K002983490 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K002932295 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K002932291 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K002932273 Yes
Egger, G. [s.n.] K002984529 Yes
Perkins, B.L. [1831] United Kingdom K002983469 Yes
Taylor, P.G. [0844] United Kingdom K002983416 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] United Kingdom K002983466 Yes
Haradjian, M. [3309] Syria K002984528 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K002932266 Yes
Jackson, A.B. [20] Guernsey K002983492 Yes
Chick, H.G. [11B] K002983528 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K002932270 Yes
Fay, M.F. [MFF299K] United Kingdom K002983471 Yes
Thurston, E. [s.n.] United Kingdom K002983421 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K002932274 Yes
Thurston, E. [s.n.] United Kingdom K002983420 Yes
s.coll. [6] United Kingdom K002983429 Yes
Ahlberg, F. [s.n.] K002983501 Yes
Brummitt, R.K.; Brummitt, H. [6138] Italy K002983522 Yes
s.coll. [4765] United Kingdom K002983475 Yes
Ker, M.D. [146] United Kingdom K002983477 Yes
s.coll. [641981A] K002932285 Yes
Summerhayes, V.S. [1540] United Kingdom K002983437 Yes
Brenan, J.P.M. [7292] United Kingdom K002983473 Yes
s.coll. [4223] United Kingdom K002983470 Yes
Britton, C.E. [s.n.] United Kingdom K002983451 Yes
Parker, M.; Cubitt, M. [s.n.] United Kingdom K002983458 Yes
{Gowan; Darlington} [1719] Iran K002984525 Yes
Aquatic garden, K. [s.n.] K002932297 Yes
Makins, F.K. [1831] United Kingdom K002983418 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K002932287 Yes
Smit, J.B. [651981] K002932284 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K002932290 Yes
s.coll. [s.n] Netherlands K002983512 Yes
Wallace, E.C. [s.n.] United Kingdom K002983441 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] United Kingdom K002983494 Yes
Brenan, J.P.M. [7292] United Kingdom K002983474 Yes
s.coll. [201] K002984527 Yes

Sources

  • Angiosperm Extinction Risk Predictions v1

    • Angiosperm Threat Predictions
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

  • Herbarium Catalogue Specimens

    • 'The Herbarium Catalogue, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the Internet http://www.kew.org/herbcat [accessed on Day Month Year]'. Please enter the date on which you consulted the system.
    • Digital Image © Board of Trustees, RBG Kew http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

  • IUCN Categories

    • IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Kew Backbone Distributions

    • The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants 2025. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and https://powo.science.kew.org/
    • © Copyright 2023 World Checklist of Vascular Plants. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

  • Kew Living Collection Database

    • Common Names from Plants and People Africa http://www.plantsandpeopleafrica.com/

  • Kew Names and Taxonomic Backbone

    • The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants 2025. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and https://powo.science.kew.org/
    • © Copyright 2023 International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

  • Kew Science Photographs

    • Copyright applied to individual images