Iridaceae
Crocus

Crocus vernus (L.) Hill

First published in Veg. Syst. 10: 1 (1765)
This species is accepted
The native range of this species is Alps to W. Balkan Peninsula. It is a tuberous geophyte and grows primarily in the temperate biome.

Distribution

Native to:

Austria, France, Germany, Italy, Switzerland, Yugoslavia

Introduced into:

Great Britain, Kentucky

Synonyms

Homotypic Synonyms

Heterotypic Synonyms

Classification

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Publications

POWO follows these authorities in accepting this name:

  • Colasante, M.A. (2014). Iridaceae presenti in Italia: 1-415. Sapienza, Università Editrice, Roma.
  • Govaerts, R. (1999). World Checklist of Seed Plants 3(1, 2a & 2b): 1-1532. MIM, Deurne.
  • Hassler, M. & Muer, T. (2022). Flora Germanica: alle Farn- und Blütenpflanzen Deutschlands in Text und Bild 1: 1-864. Verlag Regionalkultur, Uberstadt-Weiher.
  • Jones, R.L. (2005). Plant life of Kentucky. An illustrated guide to the vascular flora: 1-833. The universitry press of Kentucky.
  • Knapp, W.M. & Naczi, R.F.C. (2021). Vascular plants of Maryland, USA. A comprehensive account of the state's botanical diversity. Smithsonian Contributions to Botany 113: 1-151.
  • Peruzzi, L., Carta, A. & Garbari, F. (2013). Lectotypification of the name Crocus sativus var. vernus L. (Iridaceae) and its consequences within Crocus ser. Verni. Taxon 62: 1037-1040.
  • Rico, E. & al. (eds.) in Castroviejo, S. & al. (eds.) (2013). Flora Iberica 20: 1-651. Real Jardín Botánico, CSIC, Madrid.
  • Rukšāns, J. (2010). Crocuses. A complete guide to the genus: 1-216. Timber Press, Portland, London.
  • Rukšāns, J. (2017). The World of Crocuses: 1-568. The Latvian Academy of Sciences.
  • Stace, C. (2019). New Flora of the British Isles ed. 4: 1-1266. C & M Floristics.
  • Tutin, T.G. & al. (eds.) (1980). Flora Europaea 5: 1-452. Cambridge University Press.

Kew Backbone Distributions

  • Jones, R.L. (2005). Plant life of Kentucky. An illustrated guide to the vascular flora: 1-833. The universitry press of Kentucky.
  • Rukšāns, J. (2017). The World of Crocuses: 1-568. The Latvian Academy of Sciences.
  • Stace, C. (2019). New Flora of the British Isles ed. 4: 1-1266. C & M Floristics.

Other Data

Other Kew resources that provide information on this taxon:

Date Reference Identified As Barcode Type Status Has image?
[illegible] [s.n.] K002966460 Yes
Horton, S.V. [935] North Macedonia K002966433 Yes
Millozza, A.; Zucconi, L. [13752] Italy K002966415 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] Romania K002966368 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] France K001617355 Yes
Joad, G.C. [s.n.] Italy K001617354 Yes
Ball, J. [s.n.] Italy K002966571 Yes
Clarke [s.n.] K002969453 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K002969399 Yes
Ellacombe, H.N. [s.n.] K001617277 Yes
s.coll. [K1410] K002966428 Yes
{Paulin} [s.n.] K002966474 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K002966436 Yes
Thompson, M. [K1419] K002966450 Yes
Thompson, H.P. K:SPC-19033.000 No
Chesterman, D.D. [248] Italy K002966413 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K002966430 Yes
Csató, J. [s.n.] Romania K002966370 Yes
[illegible] [s.n.] K002966443 Yes
Brandis, E.; Dorfler, J. [s.n.] Bosnia and Herzegovina K002966418 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] Romania K002966364 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] Italy K002966402 Yes
Levier, E. [s.n.] Italy K002966387 Yes
Vukotinovic, L.F. [s.n.] Croatia K002966448 Yes
Drenkovski, R. [s.n.] Montenegro K002966470 Yes
Wormasting [3456] Croatia K002966369 Yes
Dalmatia [309] K002966435 Yes
Crook, H.; Crook, M. [3421] Bosnia and Herzegovina K002966483 Yes
Groves, H. [s.n.] Italy K002966399 Yes
Cope, T.A. [RBG 280] United Kingdom K000914598 Yes
Tenoza [s.n.] Italy K002966395 Yes
Csato [s.n.] Romania K002966361 Yes
Horton, V. [1310] Slovenia K002966421 Yes
[V. Lorchingy] [s.n.] Bosnia and Herzegovina K002966451 Yes
s.coll. [151] K002966454 Yes
Chesterman, D.D. [262] Italy K002966414 Yes
s.coll. [7020] K002966462 Yes
Ilic [s.n.] Serbia K:SPC-19034.000 No
Cook, H.; Cook, M. [3411] Croatia K002966477 Yes
Fleischer [s.n.] K001691234 Yes
[V. Lochingy] [s.n.] Bosnia and Herzegovina K002966452 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K002969547 Yes
Mathew, B.F. [7534] Slovenia K002966447 Yes
Marr, J.R. [1884] Italy K002966385 Yes
Elwes, H.J. [s.n.] K002966453 Yes
Bujorean, G. [s.n.] Romania K002966366 Yes
Domaniewska, I. [s.n.] Poland K002966374 Yes
Heuff [s.n.] K002966420 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K002969546 Yes
Chesterman, D.D. [229] Italy K002966411 Yes
Thompson, H.P. [K1408] Montenegro K002966427 Yes
Losnik K:SPC-19035.000 No
Crook, H.; Crook, M. [3412] Bosnia and Herzegovina K002966476 Yes
[C. Rose] [5221] Croatia K002966457 Yes
Crook, H.; Crook, M. [3432] Montenegro K002966481 Yes
Marr, J.R. [s.n.] Italy K002966380 Yes
Chesterman, D.D. [231] Italy K002966408 Yes
[Adam] [s.n.] K002966445 Yes
Mathew, B.F.; Grey-Wilson, C. [5200] K002966456 Yes
Mathew, B.F.; Tomlinson, J.A. [s.n.] Kosovo K002966455 Yes
Csató, J. [s.n.] Romania K002966371 Yes
Hepper, F.N. [4231] Italy K002966403 Yes
Horton, V. [1311] Slovenia K002966429 Yes
Rafinski, J. [s.n.] Poland K002966379 Yes
Csato [s.n.] Romania K002966362 Yes
Ilic [K1423] Serbia K002966437 Yes
{Adr. Fiori; Béguinot, A.; Pampanini, R.} [s.n.] Italy K002966386 Yes
Mathew, B.F.; Gray- Wilson, C. [5273D] K002966461 Yes
Loschnigg [s.n.] Bosnia and Herzegovina K002966432 Yes
s.coll. [1655] Romania K002966372 Yes
Marr, N.M.G. [73A] Italy K002966384 Yes
Chesterman, D.D. [189] Italy K002966404 Yes
{Al. Borzal; Grintescu, I.; Nyárády, E.J.; Gürler, C.} [s.n.] Romania K002966365 Yes
Mathew, B.F. [5269] K002966446 Yes
Drenkovski, R. [119] K002966416 Yes
s.coll. [1] North Macedonia K002966434 Yes
[illegible] [5220] Croatia K002966459 Yes
Nyárády, E.J. [s.n.] Romania K002966363 Yes
{D. D. chesteman} [211a] Italy K002966407 Yes
Groves, H. [s.n.] Italy K002966401 Yes
Mathew, B.F. [7505] Croatia K002966423 Yes
Brandis, E. [s.n.] Bosnia and Herzegovina K002966419 Yes
Rossa, C. [s.n.] Croatia K002966439 Yes
Crook, H.; Crook, M. [3402] Slovenia K002966482 Yes
Groves, H. [s.n.] Italy K002966389 Yes
{Vaccari, A.; Béguinot, A.; Adr. Fiori} [s.n.] Italy K002966398 Yes
Dochesterman [191] Italy K002966383 Yes
Welson [s.n.] K002966441 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] Italy K002966391 Yes
[K. Mately] [s.n.] K002966465 Yes
Guiseppe [s.n.] K002966444 Yes
Baron, W.M.M. [s.n.] Slovenia K002966449 Yes
Bertoloni [[344]] Italy K002966396 Yes
Alessandrini, A. [s.n.] Italy K002966412 Yes
Huter [358] Italy K002966388 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] Italy K002966393 Yes
Drenkovski, R. [s.n.] Montenegro K002966467 Yes
Huter; Porta; Rigo [358] Italy K002966400 Yes
Marr, J.R. [s.n.] Italy K002966394 Yes
Chesterman, D.D. [226] Italy K002966409 Yes
Cope, T.A. [RBG 280] United Kingdom K000914597 Yes
Drenkovski, R. [117] Croatia K002966485 Yes
Untchj [s.n.] K002966442 Yes
Tenore [s.n.] Italy K002966397 Yes
Crook, H.; Crook, M. [3202] K002966478 Yes
Crook, H.; Crook, M. [3413] North Macedonia K002966475 Yes
Chesteman, D.D. [220] Italy K002966406 Yes
Drenkovski, R. [118] Montenegro K002966417 Yes
Csato [s.n.] Romania K002966360 Yes
Chesterman, D.D. [230] Italy K002966410 Yes
Lovka, M. [s.n.] Czech Republic K002966425 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] Croatia K002966458 Yes
Crook, H.; Crook, M. [3435] North Macedonia K002966479 Yes
{Mr. Thompson; Mrs. Thompson} [321] Montenegro K002966431 Yes
Rosano [s.n.] Italy K002966392 Yes
Vukotinovic, L.V. [s.n.] Croatia K002966464 Yes
Stoitzner [s.n.] K002966440 Yes
Mathew, B.F. [7500] Slovenia K002966426 Yes
{Porcius; Csato; Wormastiny; Witasek} [3473] Romania K002966367 Yes
Beyer, I.; Schilling, A.; Keesing, J. [081] Poland K002966373 Yes
Mathew, B.F. [7532] Croatia K002966422 Yes
Crook, H.; Croook, M. [3208] Bosnia and Herzegovina K002966484 Yes
Crook, H.; Crook, M. [3433] Montenegro K002966480 Yes
K:SPC-22404.000 No
Deschmann; Witasek [s.n.] K002966473 Yes
Prasil, M. [s.n.] K002966472 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] Germany Crocus vernus subsp. albiflorus K002966493 Yes
{Hoppe} [s.n.] Austria Crocus vernus subsp. albiflorus K002966540 Yes
[Hafner] [s.n.] Austria Crocus vernus subsp. albiflorus K002966533 Yes
Cook, H.; Cook, M. [1484] France Crocus vernus subsp. albiflorus K002966551 Yes
Gabriel Strobl, P. [s.n.] Italy Crocus vernus subsp. albiflorus K002966574 Yes
[Lantaret] [s.n.] France Crocus vernus subsp. albiflorus K002966555 Yes
Mathannet, R. [s.n.] France Crocus vernus subsp. albiflorus K002966568 Yes
Skrenberger, J. [s.n.] Austria Crocus vernus subsp. albiflorus K002966509 Yes
{Hoppe} [s.n.] Austria Crocus vernus subsp. albiflorus K002966537 Yes
[R.R.] [s.n.] France Crocus vernus subsp. albiflorus K002966563 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] Austria Crocus vernus subsp. albiflorus K002966510 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] Austria Crocus vernus subsp. albiflorus K002966529 Yes
{Hasse} [s.n.] Austria Crocus vernus subsp. albiflorus K002966542 Yes
Bevers [s.n.] Switzerland Crocus vernus subsp. albiflorus K002966503 Yes
{Huter} [S.n.] Austria Crocus vernus subsp. albiflorus K002966534 Yes
Gamble, J.S. [18865] France Crocus vernus subsp. albiflorus K002966554 Yes
{Arnaud, M.A.; Arnaud} [10] France Crocus vernus subsp. albiflorus K002966553 Yes
{Gander} [s.n.] Austria Crocus vernus subsp. albiflorus K002966522 Yes
Chesterman, D.D. [214] Italy Crocus vernus subsp. albiflorus K002966580 Yes
[Gandon] [s.n.] Austria Crocus vernus subsp. albiflorus K001735809 Yes
{Gander} [s.n.] Austria Crocus vernus subsp. albiflorus K002966521 Yes
Schweiz [s.n.] Switzerland Crocus vernus subsp. albiflorus K002966501 Yes
{Willmott, E.A.; C. Pin.} [s.n.] France Crocus vernus subsp. albiflorus K002966556 Yes
Ball, J. [s.n.] Italy Crocus vernus subsp. albiflorus K002966576 Yes
{Gander} [s.n.] Austria Crocus vernus subsp. albiflorus K002966526 Yes
Bevers [s.n.] Switzerland Crocus vernus subsp. albiflorus K002966502 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] Switzerland Crocus vernus subsp. albiflorus K002966499 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] Switzerland Crocus vernus subsp. albiflorus K002966500 Yes
{Hornschuch} [s.n.] Austria Crocus vernus subsp. albiflorus K002966511 Yes
Vetter, O. [s.n.] Switzerland Crocus vernus subsp. albiflorus K002966494 Yes
Woodward, A.S. [s.n.] Switzerland Crocus vernus subsp. albiflorus K002966495 Yes
{Sauter} [556] Austria Crocus vernus subsp. albiflorus K002966518 Yes
Oberleitner; Schultz, F. [s.n.] Austria Crocus vernus subsp. albiflorus K002966547 Yes
Elsmann [s.n.] Austria Crocus vernus subsp. albiflorus K002966520 Yes
[Macalister Hall] [s.n.] Italy Crocus vernus subsp. albiflorus K002966572 Yes
Skrenberger, J. [s.n.] Austria Crocus vernus subsp. albiflorus K002966508 Yes
Reverchon, E.; Derbès, A. [92] France Crocus vernus subsp. albiflorus K002966566 Yes
Gamble, J.S. [18932] Switzerland Crocus vernus subsp. albiflorus K002966507 Yes
{Willmott, E.A.; Lanner} [s.n.] France Crocus vernus subsp. albiflorus K002966558 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] Austria Crocus vernus subsp. albiflorus K002966530 Yes
Oester, N.; Brandmeyer, E. [s.n.] Austria Crocus vernus subsp. albiflorus K002966539 Yes
[Huber] [s.n.] Austria Crocus vernus subsp. albiflorus K001735810 Yes
Churchill, G.C. [s.n.] Italy Crocus vernus subsp. albiflorus K002966517 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] Switzerland Crocus vernus subsp. albiflorus K002966497 Yes
Aust, C. [s.n.] Austria Crocus vernus subsp. albiflorus K002966543 Yes
Oberleitner; Schultz, F. [s.n.] Austria Crocus vernus subsp. albiflorus K002966545 Yes
Chesterman, D.D. [215] Italy Crocus vernus subsp. albiflorus K002966579 Yes
{Bordère} [s.n.] France Crocus vernus subsp. albiflorus K002966564 Yes
Price, W.R. [1398] France Crocus vernus subsp. albiflorus K002966569 Yes
{Gander} [s.n.] Austria Crocus vernus subsp. albiflorus K002966524 Yes
Perrier, E. [15] France Crocus vernus subsp. albiflorus K002966575 Yes
[illegible] [s.n.] France Crocus vernus subsp. albiflorus K002966560 Yes
[illegible] [s.n.] Austria Crocus vernus subsp. albiflorus K002966516 Yes
[Hoppe] [s.n.] Austria Crocus vernus subsp. albiflorus K002966535 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] Switzerland Crocus vernus subsp. albiflorus K002966506 Yes
Stein, B.A. [s.n.] Austria Crocus vernus subsp. albiflorus K002966514 Yes
DDC [190] Italy Crocus vernus subsp. albiflorus K002966578 Yes
{Edmonds} [40] Austria Crocus vernus subsp. albiflorus K002966548 Yes
{Gander} [s.n.] Austria Crocus vernus subsp. albiflorus K002966527 Yes
Willmott, E.A.; Billiet, P. [s.n.] France Crocus vernus subsp. albiflorus K002966559 Yes
G.C.C.; Schweiz, S. [s.n.] Switzerland Crocus vernus subsp. albiflorus K002966504 Yes
A.[illegible] [s.n.] France Crocus vernus subsp. albiflorus K002966550 Yes
{Gander} [s.n.] Austria Crocus vernus subsp. albiflorus K002966523 Yes
Einsele, A.; Schultz, F. [s.n.] Germany Crocus vernus subsp. albiflorus K002966492 Yes
Oberleitner; Schultz, F. [s.n.] Austria Crocus vernus subsp. albiflorus K002966546 Yes
Wóhel, G.F. [[1039/33]] Austria Crocus vernus subsp. albiflorus K002966528 Yes
[Elsmann] [s.n.] Austria Crocus vernus subsp. albiflorus K002966536 Yes
{Willmott, E.A.; Bourgeau} [s.n.] France Crocus vernus subsp. albiflorus K002966557 Yes
Aust, C. [s.n.] Austria Crocus vernus subsp. albiflorus K002966538 Yes
{Pr. Genevam.} [s.n.] Switzerland Crocus vernus subsp. albiflorus K002966505 Yes
Gamble, J.S. [s.n.] Switzerland Crocus vernus subsp. albiflorus K002966498 Yes
{Perreymond} [100] France Crocus vernus subsp. albiflorus K002966565 Yes
Murray, R.T. [s.n.] Switzerland Crocus vernus subsp. albiflorus K002966496 Yes
[illegible] [s.n.] Crocus vernus subsp. albiflorus K002966573 Yes
Kerner, A.; Baenitz, C. [s.n.] Austria Crocus vernus subsp. albiflorus K002966515 Yes
[illegible] [4454] France Crocus vernus subsp. albiflorus K002966562 Yes
[illegible] [s.n.] France Crocus vernus subsp. albiflorus K002966552 Yes
Oberleilner; Schultz, F. [s.n.] Austria Crocus vernus subsp. albiflorus K002966544 Yes
{Gander} [s.n.] Austria Crocus vernus subsp. albiflorus K002966525 Yes
Meebold, A. [s.n.] France Crocus vernus subsp. albiflorus K002966561 Yes
[illegible] [s.n.] Austria Crocus vernus subsp. albiflorus K002966513 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] Austria Crocus vernus subsp. albiflorus K002966532 Yes
{Sauter; Braun, A.} [s.n.] Austria Crocus vernus subsp. albiflorus K002966519 Yes
[illegible] [s.n.] Austria Crocus vernus subsp. albiflorus K002966531 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] France Crocus vernus subsp. albiflorus K002966567 Yes
Townsend, C.C. [79/27] Austria Crocus vernus subsp. albiflorus K002966549 Yes

Sources

  • Angiosperm Extinction Risk Predictions v1

    • Angiosperm Threat Predictions
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

  • Herbarium Catalogue Specimens

    • 'The Herbarium Catalogue, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the Internet http://www.kew.org/herbcat [accessed on Day Month Year]'. Please enter the date on which you consulted the system.
    • Digital Image © Board of Trustees, RBG Kew http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

  • Kew Backbone Distributions

    • The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants 2025. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and https://powo.science.kew.org/
    • © Copyright 2023 World Checklist of Vascular Plants. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

  • Kew Living Collection Database

    • Common Names from Plants and People Africa http://www.plantsandpeopleafrica.com/

  • Kew Names and Taxonomic Backbone

    • The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants 2025. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and https://powo.science.kew.org/
    • © Copyright 2023 International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

  • Kew Science Photographs

    • Copyright applied to individual images