Solanaceae

Solanum

Solanum violaceum Ortega

First published in Nov. Pl. Descr. Dec.: 56 (1798)

This species is accepted

The native range of this species is Indian Subcontinent to Taiwan and W. & S. Malesia. It is a shrub and grows primarily in the seasonally dry tropical biome.

Distribution
Synonyms
Publications
Other data

Native to:

Assam, Bangladesh, China South-Central, China Southeast, East Himalaya, Hainan, India, Jawa, Laos, Lesser Sunda Is., Malaya, Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Sumatera, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam, West Himalaya

Introduced into:

Andaman Is., Comoros, Madagascar, Mauritius, Mozambique, New Caledonia, Nicobar Is., Rodrigues, Réunion

Heterotypic Synonyms

Solanum anguivi Hook. in Exot. Fl. 3: t. 199 (1826), nom. illeg.
Solanum chinense Dunal in Hist. Nat. Solanum: 240 (1813)
Solanum coccineum Dunal in A.P.de Candolle, Prodr. 13(1): 310 (1852), nom. illeg.
Solanum cuneatum Moench in Methodus: 476 (1794)
Solanum ferox Jungh. ex Miq. in Fl. Ned. Ind. 2: 650 (1857), nom. illeg.
Solanum heynei Roem. & Schult. in Syst. Veg., ed. 15[bis]. 4: 669 (1819)
Solanum indicum f. album C.Y.Wu & S.C.Huang in Fl. Yunnanica 2: 580 (1979)
Solanum indicum var. erosopinnatifidum Dunal in A.P.de Candolle, Prodr. 13(1): 310 (1852)
Solanum indicum var. inerme Van Heurck & Müll.Arg. in Observ. Bot. Descript. Pl. Nov. Herb. Van Heurckiani 2: 133 (1871)
Solanum indicum var. mesarchon Bitter in Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 16: 9 (1923)
Solanum indicum var. parvifolium Dunal in A.P.de Candolle, Prodr. 13(1): 310 (1852)
Solanum indicum var. sinuatolobatum Dunal in A.P.de Candolle, Prodr. 13(1): 309 (1852)
Solanum junghuhnii Miq. in Fl. Ned. Ind. 2: 649 (1857)
Solanum kurzii Brace ex Prain in J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, Pt. 2, Nat. Hist. 65: 541 (1896)
Solanum lividum Willd. ex Dunal in A.P.de Candolle, Prodr. 13(1): 310 (1852)
Solanum nelsonii Zipp. ex Span. in Linnaea 15: 337 (1841), not validly publ.
Solanum nivalomontanum C.Y.Wu & S.C.Huang in Acta Phytotax. Sin. 16(2): 74 (1978)
Solanum pinnatifidum Roth in Nov. Pl. Sp.: 129 (1821), nom. illeg.
Solanum pubescens Heyne ex Walp. in Repert. Bot. Syst. 3: 83 (1844), not validly publ.
Solanum pubescens var. lobatum C.B.Clarke in J.D.Hooker, Fl. Brit. India 4: 231 (1883)
Solanum racemosum Noronha in Verh. Batav. Genootsch. Kunsten 5(4): 26 (1790)
Solanum sanitwongsei Craib in Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1928: 246 (1928)
Solanum sodomeum Russ. ex Nees in Trans. Linn. Soc. London 17: 55 (1834), not validly publ.
Solanum vincentii Delile ex Dunal in A.P.de Candolle, Prodr. 13(1): 310 (1852), pro syn.
Solanum virginianum Russ. ex Wall. in Numer. List: n.° 2613 D (1831), not validly publ.

POWO follows these authorities in accepting this name:

Aubriot, X. & Knapp, S. (2022). A revision of the "spiny solanums" of Tropical Asia (Solanum, the Leptostemonum Clade, Solanaceae). PhytoKeys 198: 1-270.
Balkrishna, A. (2018). Flora of Morni Hills (Research & Possibilities): 1-581. Divya Yoga Mandir Trust.
Caminho, J., Mutemba, L., Matusse, E., Osborne, J., Wursten, B., Burrows, J., Cianciullo, S., Malatesta, L. & Attorre, F. (2022). An updated checklist of Mozambique’s vascular plants. PhytoKeys 189: 61-80.
Grierson, A.J.C. & Long, D.G. (2001). Flora of Bhutan 2: 1-1675. Royal Botanic Gardens, Edinburgh.
Hợp, V.V. (2017). Thực Vật Chí Việt Nam. Flora of Vietnam 17: 1-324. Nhà xuất bản khoa học và kỹ thuật, Hà Nội.
Lê, T.C. (2005). Danh lục các loài thực vật Việt Nam 3: 1-1248. Hà Nội : Nhà xuất bản Nông nghiệp.
Newman, M., Ketphanh, S., Svengsuksa, B., Thomas, P., Sengdala, K., Lamxay, V. & Armstrong, K. (2007). A checklist of the vascular plants of Lao PDR: 1-394. Royal Botanic Gardens, Edinburgh.
PBI Solanum Project (2014-continuously updated). Solanaceae Source: a global taxonomic resource for the nightshade family http://www.solanaceaesource.org/.
Rajbhandari, K.R., Rai, S.K. & Chhetri, R. (2022). A Handbook of the Flowering Plants of Nepal 4: 1-522. Department of Plant Resources, Thapathali, Kathmandu, Nepal.
Sarder, N.U. & Hassan, M.A. (eds.) (2018). Vascular flora of Chittagong and the Chittagong Hill Tracts 3: 1-978. Bangladesh National Herbarium, Dhaka.

Kew Backbone Distributions

Aubriot, X. & Knapp, S. (2022). A revision of the "spiny solanums" of Tropical Asia (Solanum, the Leptostemonum Clade, Solanaceae). PhytoKeys 198: 1-270.
Caminho, J., Mutemba, L., Matusse, E., Osborne, J., Wursten, B., Burrows, J., Cianciullo, S., Malatesta, L. & Attorre, F. (2022). An updated checklist of Mozambique’s vascular plants. PhytoKeys 189: 61-80.
Sarder, N.U. & Hassan, M.A. (eds.) (2018). Vascular flora of Chittagong and the Chittagong Hill Tracts 3: 1-978. Bangladesh National Herbarium, Dhaka.

Other Kew resources that provide information on this taxon:

IPNI - The International Plant Names Index

Date	Reference	Identified As	Barcode	Type Status	Has image?
Jul 1, 2015	s.coll. [s.n.]		K001171681		Yes
Jan 1, 2009	King, G. [s.n.], Sikkim		K000441390	syntype	Yes
Jan 1, 2009	Watt, G. [s.n.], Meghalaya		K000441392	Unknown type material	Yes
Jan 1, 1997	Cuming, A. [2261], Malaysia		K000014606	isosyntype	Yes
Jan 1, 1997	Cuming, A. [2261], Malaysia		K000014604	isosyntype	Yes
Oct 1, 1991	Cadet, L.J.T. [2386], Mauritius		K000212427		Yes
Apr 4, 1991	Balfour, I.B. [s.n.], Mauritius		K000212428		Yes
Apr 4, 1991	Aryes, P.B. [s.n.], Mauritius		K000212425		Yes
Apr 4, 1991	Griffith [2352], Mauritius		K000212423		Yes
Apr 4, 1991	Bouton, M. [5], Mauritius		K000212426		Yes
Apr 4, 1991	Commerson [s.n.], Mauritius		K000212429		Yes
Apr 4, 1991	Aryes [132], Mauritius		K000212424		Yes
Jul 4, 1905	Anonymous [032], China		K000788312		Yes
Jul 4, 1905	Mobbs, R.H. [p182], China		K000788313		Yes
Jul 4, 1905	Hu, S.Y. [23553], China		K000788314		Yes
	Forrest, G. [6504], China		K001152593		Yes
	Furuse, M. [4856], Japan		K001152610		Yes
	s.coll [77], India		K001153014		Yes
	Bourne [2810], India		K001153016		Yes
	Raghbir Singh, R. [83]		K001153037		Yes
	Belcher, R.O. [848], Myanmar		K001153051		Yes
	Hooker [252], India		K001153054		Yes
	Gierson, A.J.C. [2675], Bhutan		K001153057		Yes
	Duthie, J.F. [s.n.]		K001153059		Yes
	Hancock, W. [231], China		K001152597		Yes
	s.coll [s.n.]		K001153033		Yes
	Fosberg, F.R. [50081], Sri Lanka		K001153064		Yes
	Ramaswami, M.S. [1688], India		K001153017		Yes
	s.coll. [s.n.], Malaysia		K001081857		Yes
	Schneider, C.K. [2635], China		K001152599		Yes
	Gardner [s.n.], Sri Lanka		K001153068		Yes
	Malhotra, C.L. [42787]		K001153010		Yes
	s.coll [s.n.], India		K001153006		Yes
	Hepper, F.N. [4599], Sri Lanka		K001153078		Yes
	Shiu Ying Hu [12689], Hong Kong		K001152600		Yes
	Cramer, L.H. [3872], Sri Lanka		K001153075		Yes
	s.coll [123], China		K001152585		Yes
	Lei, C.I. [413], China		K001152586		Yes
	Forrest, G. [9740], China		K001152595		Yes
	Hepper, F.N. [4617], Sri Lanka		K001153077		Yes
	Gamble, J.S. [15071], India		K001153015		Yes
	s.coll. [503], China		K001152588		Yes
	Fosberg, F.R. [58158], Sri Lanka		K001153074		Yes
	Wilson, E.H. [4197], China		K001152603		Yes
	Gandhi, K.N. [H F P 2075], India		K001153009		Yes
	Hepper, F.N. [4575], Sri Lanka		K001153070		Yes
	Fosberg, F.R. [53483], Sri Lanka		K001153071		Yes
	Haines, H.H. [462], India		K001153032		Yes
	Strachey, R. [5], India		K001153011		Yes
	Bean, A.R. [16804], Australia		K001155241		Yes
	Forrest, G. [7800], China		K001152592		Yes
	Gandhi, K.N. [H F P 2075], India		K001153007		Yes
	Krishnappa, D.G. [109], India		K001153031		Yes
	Herb Haines, H.H. [674], India		K001153061		Yes
	Tsiang, Y. [2733], China		K001152589		Yes
	Gamble, J.S. [16273], India		K001153012		Yes
	Wood, J.J. [s.n.], India		K001153045		Yes
	Morse, H.B. [283]		K001152602		Yes
	s.coll [182], China		K001152590		Yes
	s.coll [310], Taiwan		K001152582		Yes
	Hepper, F.N. [4633], Sri Lanka		K001153072		Yes
	Shiu Ying Hu [5720A], Hong Kong		K001152601		Yes
	Matthew, K.M. [20367]		K001153038		Yes
	s.coll [s.n.]		K001152583		Yes
	Herb Wight [1578], India		K001153062		Yes
	s.coll [s.n.]		K001153018		Yes
	Fosberg, F.R. [50081], Sri Lanka		K001153065		Yes
	Cavalerie, J. [4344], China		K001152596		Yes
	Gardner [630], Sri Lanka		K001153067		Yes
	s.coll [s.n.]		K001153036		Yes
	s.coll [8933]		K001153039		Yes
	Hepper, F.N. [4718], Sri Lanka		K001153081		Yes
	Hepper, F.N. [4769], Sri Lanka		K001153080		Yes
	Ducloux, P. [774], China		K001152598		Yes
	Alsten, A.H.G. [448], Sri Lanka		K001153069		Yes
	Gardner [630], Sri Lanka		K001153066		Yes
	Shiu Ying Hu [Y207], China		K001152578		Yes
	Hepper, F.N. [4665], Sri Lanka		K001153073		Yes
	Mooney, H.F. [3231], India		K001153047		Yes
	Mooney, H.F. [2482], India		K001153048		Yes
	Meebold, A.E. [7743], Burma		K001153060		Yes
	s.coll [s.n.], India		K001153046		Yes
	Maesen, L.J.G. van der [4035], Sri Lanka		K001153076		Yes
	Furuse, M. [4642], Japan		K001152609		Yes
	Shiu Ying Hu [8186], Hong Kong		K001152606		Yes
	s.coll [s.n.]		K001153035		Yes
	Henry, A. [12158], China		K001152577		Yes
	Shiu Ying Hu [10638], Hong Kong		K001152607		Yes
	Lace, J.H. [2808], Myanmar		K001153053		Yes
	Shiu Ying Hu [13172], Hong Kong		K001152608		Yes
	Hepper, F.N. [4582], Sri Lanka		K001153079		Yes
	Hara, H. [6303530], Nepal		K001153058		Yes
	Oldham, R. [338], Taiwan		K001152580		Yes
	Gomez [2628]		K001153005		Yes
	Price, W.R. [1292], China		K001152579		Yes
	s.coll [s.n.]		K001153049		Yes
	Herb Lace, J.H. [3278], Myanmar		K001153050		Yes
	s.coll [252], India		K001153056		Yes
	s.coll [s.n.], India		K001153055		Yes
	Burkill, H.M. [2879], Malaysia		K001153301		Yes
	Bourne [1643], India		K001153013		Yes
	Schneider, C.K. [463], China		K001152591		Yes
	Herb Hance [860], China		K001152587		Yes
	Hepper, F.N. [4518], Sri Lanka		K001153063		Yes
	s.coll [375], Taiwan		K001152581		Yes
	Forrest, G. [11174], China		K001152594		Yes
	s.coll [22439], India		K001153044		Yes
	Maesen, L.G.J. van der [2705], India		K001153008		Yes
Jan 1, 2012	Horsfield, T. [16], Jawa	Solanum junghuhnii	K000788113	syntype	Yes
Jan 1, 2012	Horsfield, T. [18], Jawa	Solanum junghuhnii	K000788116	syntype	Yes
Jan 1, 2012	Horsfield, T. [19], Jawa	Solanum junghuhnii	K000788115		Yes
Jan 1, 2012	Horsfield, T. [19], Jawa	Solanum junghuhnii	K000788114	syntype	Yes
Jul 30, 2003	Chantaranothai, P. et al. [1161], Thailand	Solanum sanitwongsei	K000183207		Yes
Jul 30, 2003	Parnell, P. [95-406], Thailand	Solanum sanitwongsei	K000183208		Yes

IUCN Categories
- IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0
Kew Backbone Distributions
- The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants 2023. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and https://powo.science.kew.org/
- © Copyright 2023 World Checklist of Vascular Plants. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0
Kew Names and Taxonomic Backbone
- The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants 2023. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and https://powo.science.kew.org/
- © Copyright 2023 International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0
Kew Science Photographs
- Copyright applied to individual images

Solanum violaceum Ortega

Distribution

Native to:

Introduced into:

Synonyms

Heterotypic Synonyms

Publications

POWO follows these authorities in accepting this name:

Kew Backbone Distributions

Other Data

Other Kew resources that provide information on this taxon:

IPNI - The International Plant Names Index

Sources

Herbarium Catalogue Specimens

IUCN Categories

Kew Backbone Distributions

Kew Names and Taxonomic Backbone

Kew Science Photographs

Solanum violaceum Ortega

Distribution

Native to:

Introduced into:

Synonyms

Heterotypic Synonyms

Publications

POWO follows these authorities in accepting this name:

Kew Backbone Distributions

Other Data

Other Kew resources that provide information on this taxon:

IPNI - The International Plant Names Index External Link

Herbarium Catalogue (114 records)

Sources

Herbarium Catalogue Specimens

IUCN Categories

Kew Backbone Distributions

Kew Names and Taxonomic Backbone

Kew Science Photographs

IPNI - The International Plant Names Index