Family:
Cannaceae Juss.
Genus:
Canna L.

Canna indica L.

This species is accepted, and its native range is Tropical & Subtropical America. It is used as animal food and a medicine, has environmental uses and for food.

[UNAL]

Bernal, R., G. Galeano, A. Rodríguez, H. Sarmiento y M. Gutiérrez. 2017. Nombres Comunes de las Plantas de Colombia. http://www.biovirtual.unal.edu.co/nombrescomunes/

Vernacular
achila, achira, achira blanca, achira bugueña, achira colorada, achira criolla, achira morada, achira natagueña, achira oscura, achira roja, achira verde, achirilla, bandera, bandera amarilla, bandera de Uribe, bijao rosario, brigua, buria, cana, capacho, capacho de monte, céfiro, chirilla, chisgua, chupaflor, corbata de Gaitán, corneta, couca, espada de Bolívar, flor de Uribe, hoja de raíz, liberal, maravilla, murrapo, pabellón, perico, pichinga, pipemaría, platanillo, raíz, rea, rigua, rijua, risgua, sagú, sagú blanco, sangre de Gaitán, sanjoaquín, sarcua, uribe, veinte de julio, vida del hombre

[FTEA]

Cannaceae, J.M. Lock. Flora of Tropical East Africa. 1993

Morphology General Habit
Upright herb usually 1-1.5 m. tall from a horizontal branching rhizome.
Morphology Leaves
Leaf-blade narrowly ovate to narrowly elliptic, ± 60 × 25 cm., base rounded to cuneate, gradually attenuate to the sheath, apex acuminate.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences
Inflorescence racemose, usually simple, but sometimes branched later, bearing single or paired flowers.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences Bracts
Bracts broadly obovate, 0.9-2 × 1 cm.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Calyx
Sepals ovate, acute, 1-1.5 × 0.4-0.9 cm.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Corolla
Corolla 4-5 cm. long, the lowermost 1 cm. fused into a tube, the lobes free; lobes 3-4 × 0.3-0.7 cm., usually red but sometimes with yellow markings.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Androecium Staminodes
Staminodes usually 3, spathulate, 4-6 × 1-1.5 cm., reddish, fused at the base, apex acute or emarginate. Labellum usually red above, yellow with red markings below, 4-5 × 0.6-1 cm., narrowly oblong, apex emarginate.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Androecium Stamens
Stamen 4-5 cm. long, petaloid portion involute; anther 0.7-1 cm. long, adnate to the sterile part for one-third of its length.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Gynoecium Style
Style 4-5 cm. long, reddish or yellowish.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits
Capsule ovoid, 2-3 cm. long, covered outside with soft spines, opening irregularly.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Seeds
Seeds spherical, smooth, very dark brown, ± 0.5 cm. in diameter.
Habitat
Widespread in areas of high rainfall in disturbed places, roadsides, outskirts of villages, or in moist sites in drier areas; usually not far from human habitation; 0-2500 m.
Distribution
K3 K4 K7 P T2 T3 T4 T6 T7 U2 U3 U4 Z native of South America but now pantropicaL.

[CPLC]

Bernal, R., Gradstein, S.R. & Celis, M. (eds.). 2015. Catálogo de plantas y líquenes de Colombia. Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá. http://catalogoplantasdecolombia.unal.edu.co

Distribution
Nativa y cultivada en Colombia; Alt. 20 - 2620 m.; Amazonia, Andes, Guayana y Serranía de La Macarena, Islas Caribeñas, Llanura del Caribe, Pacífico, Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, Valle del Magdalena.
Morphology General Habit
Hierba
Conservation
Preocupación Menor

[FWTA]

Cannaceae, F. N. Hepper. Flora of West Tropical Africa 3:1. 1968

Morphology General Habit
Herb 3-4 ft. high
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers
Scarlet or orange-red flowers.

[UPFC]
Distribution
Biogeografic region: Amazonia, Andean, Guiana Shield, Caribbean, Pacific. Elevation range: 20–2620 m a.s.l. Cultivated in Colombia. Native to Colombia. Colombian departments: Amazonas, Antioquia, Bogotá DC, Caldas, Caquetá, Cauca, Chocó, Córdoba, Cundinamarca, Huila, Magdalena, Meta, Nariño, Norte de Santander, Putumayo, Quindío, San Andrés y Providencia, Santander, Valle del Cauca, Vaupés.
Habit
Herb.
Conservation
National Red List of Colombia (2021): Potential LC.
Ecology
Habitat according IUCN Habitats Classification: forest and woodland, savanna, shrubland, native grassland, wetlands (inland), artificial - terrestrial.
Vernacular
Achira

[UPFC]
Vernacular
Achera, Achira, Achira blanca, Achira bugueña, Achira criolla, Achira natagueña, Adura, Capacho, Chiri, Chisgua, Mata de raíz, Nague, Natagueña

[UPFC]
Use Animal Food
Used as animal food.
Use Environmental
Environmental uses.
Use Food
Used for food.
Use Materials
Used as material.
Use Medicines
Medical uses.

Native to:

Argentina Northeast, Argentina Northwest, Bahamas, Belize, Bolivia, Brazil North, Brazil Northeast, Brazil South, Brazil Southeast, Brazil West-Central, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Florida, French Guiana, Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Leeward Is., Louisiana, Mexico Central, Mexico Gulf, Mexico Northeast, Mexico Southeast, Mexico Southwest, Nicaragua, Panamá, Paraguay, Peru, Puerto Rico, South Carolina, Suriname, Texas, Trinidad-Tobago, Uruguay, Venezuela, Windward Is.

Introduced into:

Alabama, Andaman Is., Angola, Arkansas, Ascension, Assam, Austria, Azores, Bangladesh, Benin, Bermuda, Bismarck Archipelago, Cambodia, Canary Is., Cape Verde, Caroline Is., Central African Repu, Chad, China South-Central, China Southeast, Christmas I., Comoros, Cook Is., East Himalaya, Equatorial Guinea, Ethiopia, Fiji, Gabon, Galápagos, Gambia, Gilbert Is., Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Gulf of Guinea Is., Hainan, Hawaii, India, Japan, Jawa, Juan Fernández Is., Kenya, Laos, Madagascar, Madeira, Malawi, Malaya, Marquesas, Mozambique, Myanmar, Nepal, New Caledonia, New South Wales, Nigeria, Norfolk Is., Ogasawara-shoto, Philippines, Pitcairn Is., Portugal, Queensland, Samoa, Santa Cruz Is., Senegal, Society Is., Solomon Is., Southwest Caribbean, Spain, Sri Lanka, St.Helena, Taiwan, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Tonga, Tuamotu, Tubuai Is., Tunisia, Uganda, Vietnam, Wallis-Futuna Is., Zambia, Zaïre, Zimbabwe

English
Indian Shot

Canna indica L. appears in other Kew resources:

Date Reference Identified As Barcode Type Status Has image?
Feb 1, 2014 Sellow [s.n.], Brazil K001055631 Yes
Jan 1, 2004 Fendler, A. [1492], Venezuela K000574253 neotype Yes
Jan 1, 2004 Glaziou, A.F.M. [s.n.], Brazil K001055627 Yes
Jan 1, 2004 s.coll. [6622], India K000906582 neotype Yes
Jan 1, 2004 s.coll. [s.n.], India K000906583 neotype Yes
Jan 1, 2004 Paraguay K000574271 Yes
Jan 20, 1998 Buzato, S. [27194], Brazil K001055619 Yes
Jan 1, 1983 Hill, S.R. [12850], Brazil K001055618 Yes
Jan 1, 1979 Lindeman, J.C. [2835], Brazil K001055632 Yes
Jan 1, 1978 Weir, J. [s.n.], Brazil K001055624 Yes
Jan 1, 1978 Harley, R.M. [17277], Brazil K001055621 Yes
Jan 1, 1978 Harley, R.M. [17277], Brazil K001055622 Yes
Jan 1, 1978 Weir, J. [211], Brazil K001055625 Yes
Jan 1, 1978 Isabelle, M. [s.n.], Brazil K001055635 Yes
Jan 1, 1976 Lehmann, F.C. [5735], Colombia K000574252 syntype Yes
Jan 1, 1976 Lehmann, F.C. [5735], Colombia K000574251 syntype Yes
Jan 1, 1976 Lindeman, J.C. [3118], Brazil K001055633 Yes
Jan 1, 1976 Spruce, R. [s.n.], Brazil K001055629 Yes
Jan 1, 1976 Parodi, D. [63], Brazil K001055628 Yes
Jan 1, 1976 Paraguay K000574270 Yes
Jan 1, 1970 Smith, H.H. [2320], Colombia K000574250 syntype Yes
Jan 1, 1970 Trail, J.W. [805], Brazil K001055638 Yes
Jan 1, 1966 Eiten, G. [4477], Brazil K001055626 Yes
Wild, H. [27425], Zimbabwe 18169.000 No
Dawkins, H.C. [625], Uganda 20334.000 No
31716.000 No
s.coll. [Cat. no. 6621] K001124326 Yes
s.coll. [Cat. no. 6621] K001124327 Yes
Wallich, N. [Cat. no. 6621], Myanmar K001124330 Yes
Agra, M.F. [1190], Brazil K001055620 Yes
Buzato, S. [27194], Brazil K001055617 Yes
s.coll. [Cat. no. 6621] K001124328 Yes
Paraguay K000574269 Yes
s.coll. [Cat. no. 6621] K001124325 Yes
Cunningham [s.n.], Brazil K001055634 Yes
s.coll. [Cat. no. 6621] K001124329 Yes
s.coll. [Cat. no. 6621] K001124331 Yes
Paraguay K000574268 Yes
Glaziou, A.F.M. [13236], Brazil K001055636 Yes
Milliken, W. [2389], Brazil K001055623 Yes
Burchell, W.J. [3277], Brazil K001055630 Yes
Glaziou, A.F.M. [14328], Brazil K001055637 Yes
Heyde [4290], Guatemala K000574260 Yes

First published in Sp. Pl.: 1 (1753)

Accepted by

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  • Albano, P.-O. (2003). La Conaissance des Plantes Exotiques: 1-324. Édisud, Aix-en-Provence.
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  • Brundu, G. & Camarda, I. (2013). The Flora of Chad: a checklist and brief analysis PhytoKeys 23: 1-18.
  • Brunel, J.F., Hiepo, P. & Scholz, H. (eds.) (1984). Flore Analytique du Togo Phanérogames: 1-751. GTZ, Eschborn.
  • Castroviejo, S. & al. (eds.) (2008). Flora Iberica 18: 1-420. Real Jardín Botánico, CSIC, Madrid.
  • Catarino, L., Sampaio Martins, E., Pinto-Basto, M.F. & Diniz, M.A. (2006). Plantas Vasculares e Briófitos da Guiné-Bissau: 1-298. Instituto de investigação científica tropical, Instituto Português de apoio ao desenvolvimento.
  • Figueiredo, E. & Smith, G.F. (2008). Plants of Angola Strelitzia 22: 1-279. National Botanical Institute, Pretoria.
  • Figueiredo, E., Paiva, J., Stévart, T., Oliveira, F. & Smith, G.F. (2011). Annotated catalogue of the flowering plants of São Tomé and Príncipe Bothalia 41: 41-82.
  • Govaerts, R. (1999). World Checklist of Seed Plants 3(1, 2a & 2b): 1-1532. MIM, Deurne.
  • Hokche, O., Berry, P.E. & Huber, O. (eds.) (2008). Nuevo Catálogo de la Flora Vascular de Venezuela: 1-859. Fundación Instituto Botánico de Venezuela.
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  • Kral, R., Diamond, A.R., Ginzbarg, S.L., Hansen, C.J., Haynes, R.R., Keener, B.R., Lelong, M.G., Spaulding, D.D. & Woods, M. (2011). Annotated checklist of the vascular plants of Alabama: 1-112. Botanical reseach institute of Texas.
  • Lejoy, J., Ndjele, M.-B. & Geerinck, D. (2010). Catalogue-flore des plantes vasculaires des districts de Kisangani et de la Tshopo (RD Congo) Taxonomania. Revue de Taxonomie et de Nomenclature Botaniques 30: 1-307.
  • Lisowski, S. (2009). Flore (Angiospermes) de la République de Guinée Scripta Botanica Belgica 41: 1-517.
  • Maas-van de Kamer, H. & Maas, P.J.M. (2008). The Cannaceae of the world Blumea 53: 247-318.
  • Morat, P. & Veillon, J.-M. (1985). Contributions à la conaissance de la végétation et de la flore de Wallis et Futuna Bulletin du Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle. Section B, Adansonia 7: 259-329.
  • Mostaph, M.K. & Uddin, S.B. (2013). Dictionary of plant names of Bangladesh, Vasc. Pl.: 1-434. Janokalyan Prokashani, Chittagong, Bangladesh.
  • Nelson Sutherland, C.H. (2008). Catálogo de las plantes vasculares de Honduras. Espermatofitas: 1-1576. SERNA/Guaymuras, Tegucigalpa, Honduras.
  • Orchard, A.E. (ed.) (1994). Oceanic Islands 1 Flora of Australia 49: 1-681. Australian Government Publishing Service, Canberra.
  • Pandey, R.P. & Dilwakar, P.G. (2008). An integrated check-list flora of Andaman and Nicobar islands, India Journal of Economic and Taxonomic Botany 32: 403-500.
  • Santisuk, T. & Larsen, K. (eds.) (2008). Flora of Thailand 9(2): 91-188. The Forest Herbarium, National Park, Wildlife and Plant Conservation Department, Bangkok.
  • Sarmah, K.K. & Borthakur, S.K. (2009). A checklist of angiospermic plants of Manas national park in Assam, India Pleione 3: 190-200.
  • Serviss, B.E., Peck, J.H. & Graves, T.A. (2014). The first naturalised occurance of the Cannaceae family in the Arkansas (U.S.A.) flora, with additional new and noteworthy Angiosperm records from the state Journal of the Botanical Research Institute of Texas 8: 637-639.
  • Smith, A.C. (1979). Flora Vitiensis Nova. A new flora for Fiji (Spermatophytes only) 1: 1-495. Pacific Tropical Botanical Garden, Lawai.
  • Takeuchi, W. (2005). Floristic notes from a holocene successional environment in Papuasia Harvard Papers in Botany 10: 95-116.
  • Tanaka, N., Koyama, T. & Murata, J. (2005). The flowering plants of Mt. Popa, central Myanmar - Results of Myanmar-Japanese joint expeditions, 2000-2004 Makinoa 5: 1-102.
  • Timberlake, J.R. & Martins, E.S. (eds.) (2010). Flora Zambesiaca 13(4): 1-151. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  • Velayos, M., Aedo, C., Cabezas, F., de la Estrella, M., Barberá, P. & Fero, M. (eds.) (2014). Flora de Guinea Ecuatorial 11: 1-416. Consejo superior de investigaciones científicas, Real jardín botánico, Madrid.
  • Velayos, M., Barberá, P., Cabezas, F.J., de la Estrella, M., Fero, M. & Aedo, C. (2014). Checklist of the vascular plants of Annobón (Equatorial Guinea) Phytotaxa 171: 1-78.
  • Vikraman, R.R., Pandurangan, A.G. & Thulasidas, G. (2008). A study on the garden escaped exotics of Thiruvananthapuram district, Kerala Journal of Economic and Taxonomic Botany 32: 765-781.
  • de las Mercedes Ciciarelli, M. & Rolleri, C.H. (2008). Morfología, taxonomía y caracterización de siete especies neotropicales del genero Canna (Cannaceae, Zingiberales) Botanica Complutensis 32: 157-184.
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Literature

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Kew Backbone Distributions

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  • Serviss, B.E., Peck, J.H. & Graves, T.A. (2014). The first naturalised occurance of the Cannaceae family in the Arkansas (U.S.A.) flora, with additional new and noteworthy Angiosperm records from the state Journal of the Botanical Research Institute of Texas 8: 637-639.
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  • Catálogo de Plantas y Líquenes de Colombia

    http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Colombian resources for Plants made Accessible

    ColPlantA 2021. Published on the Internet at http://colplanta.org
    http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

  • Flora of Tropical East Africa

    Flora of Tropical East Africa
    http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Flora of West Tropical Africa

    Flora of West Tropical Africa
    http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Herbarium Catalogue Specimens

    Digital Image © Board of Trustees, RBG Kew http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

  • Kew Backbone Distributions

    The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families 2022. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/
    © Copyright 2017 World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

  • Kew Living Collection Database

    Common Names from Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew Living Collection https://www.kew.org/

  • Kew Names and Taxonomic Backbone

    The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families 2022. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/
    © Copyright 2017 International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

  • Kew Science Photographs

    Copyright applied to individual images

  • Neotropikey

    Milliken, W., Klitgard, B. and Baracat, A. (2009 onwards), Neotropikey - Interactive key and information resources for flowering plants of the Neotropics.
    http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

  • Universidad Nacional de Colombia

    ColPlantA database
    http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Useful Plants and Fungi of Colombia

    http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0