Rhamnaceae
Frangula

Frangula polymorpha Reissek

First published in C.F.P.von Martius & auct. suc. (eds.), Fl. Bras. 11(1): 91 (1861)
This species is accepted
The native range of this species is Panama to S. Tropical America. It is a shrub or tree and grows primarily in the seasonally dry tropical biome.

Distribution

Native to:

Argentina Northeast, Argentina Northwest, Brazil Northeast, Brazil South, Brazil Southeast, Brazil West-Central, Colombia, Ecuador, Panamá, Paraguay, Peru

Synonyms

Homotypic Synonyms

Heterotypic Synonyms

Classification

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Publications

An alternative taxonomy had been proposed by the following authorities:

  • Govaerts, R. (2001). World Checklist of Seed Plants Database in ACCESS E-F: 1-50919. [Cited as Rhamnus sphaerosperma.]
  • Paña-Chocarro, M.C., Espada-Mateos, C., Vera, M., Céspedes, G. & Knapp, S. (2010). Updated checklist of vascular plants of the Mbaracayú Forest Nature Reserve (Reserva Natural del Bosque Mbaracayú), Paraguay. Phytotaxa 12: 1-224. [Cited as Rhamnus sphaerosperma var. pubescens.]
  • Zuloaga, F.O., Morrone, O. , Belgrano, M.J., Marticorena, C. & Marchesi, E. (eds.) (2008). Catálogo de las Plantas Vasculares del Cono Sur. Monographs in Systematic Botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden 107: 1-3348. Missouri Botanical Garden. [Cited as Rhamnus sphaerosperma var. pubescens.]

Catálogo de Plantas y Líquenes de Colombia

  • Bernal, R., Gradstein, S.R. & Celis, M. (eds.). 2015. Catálogo de plantas y líquenes de Colombia. Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá. http://catalogoplantasdecolombia.unal.edu.co

Kew Backbone Distributions

  • Correa A., Mireya D. Galdames, Carmen Correa A., M. D., C. Galdames & M. S. de Stapf (2004). Catálogo de las Plantas Vasculares de Panamá: 1-599. Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute.
  • Forzza, R.C., Zappi, D. & Souza, V.C. (2016-continuously updated). Flora do Brasil 2020 em construção http://reflora.jbrj.gov.br/reflora/listaBrasil/ConsultaPublicaUC/ResultadoDaConsultaNovaConsulta.do.
  • Idárraga-Piedrahita, A., Ortiz, R.D.C., Callejas Posada, R. & Merello, M. (eds.) (2011). Flora de Antioquia: Catálogo de las Plantas Vasculares 2: 1-939. Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín.
  • Zuloaga, F.O., Morrone, O. , Belgrano, M.J., Marticorena, C. & Marchesi, E. (eds.) (2008). Catálogo de las Plantas Vasculares del Cono Sur. Monographs in Systematic Botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden 107: 1-3348. Missouri Botanical Garden.

Useful Plants and Fungi of Colombia

  • Diazgranados et al. (2021). Catalogue of plants of Colombia. Useful Plants and Fungi of Colombia project. In prep.

Other Data

Other Kew resources that provide information on this taxon:

Date Reference Identified As Barcode Type Status Has image?
Jul 11, 2008 Brazil K000537319 No
Jul 11, 2008 Brazil K000537319 No
Jul 11, 2008 Brazil K000537320 No
Jul 11, 2008 Paraguay K000537317 No
Jul 11, 2008 Venezuela K000537315 No
Jul 11, 2008 Venezuela K000537315 No
Jul 11, 2008 Paraguay K000537317 No
Jul 11, 2008 Brazil K000537320 No
Jan 1, 1978 Spruce, R. [6017] Ecuador Rhamnus sphaerosperma var. pubescens K000201281 Type Yes
Claussen, P. [160] Brazil Rhamnus sphaerosperma var. pubescens K004530420 Yes
Hassler, E. [4714] Paraguay Rhamnus sphaerosperma var. pubescens K000537317 Isotype Yes
Claussen, P. [s.n.] Brazil Rhamnus sphaerosperma var. pubescens K004530414 No
s.coll. [[6165]] Brazil Rhamnus sphaerosperma var. pubescens K004530423 Yes
Sellow [2089.2048] Brazil Rhamnus sphaerosperma var. pubescens K000537318 Unknown Type Material Yes
Kuntze, O. [1520] Venezuela Rhamnus sphaerosperma var. pubescens K000537315 Isotype Yes
Fiebrig, K. [5820] Paraguay Rhamnus sphaerosperma var. pubescens K004530441 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] Trinidad and Tobago Rhamnus sphaerosperma var. pubescens K004530392 Yes
Lindeman, J.C.; de Haas, J.H. [3006] Brazil Rhamnus sphaerosperma var. pubescens K004530407 Yes
Spruce, R. [4877] Peru Rhamnus sphaerosperma var. pubescens K000110037 Isotype Yes
Burchell [3981] Rhamnus sphaerosperma var. pubescens K004530415 Yes
Spruce, R. [5825] Ecuador Rhamnus sphaerosperma var. pubescens K000201277 Yes
[Sella] [4345] Brazil Rhamnus sphaerosperma var. pubescens K004530434 Yes
Bang, M. [1891] Bolivia Rhamnus sphaerosperma var. pubescens K000537313 Unknown Type Material Yes
Reitz; Klein [7768] Brazil Rhamnus sphaerosperma var. pubescens K004530427 Yes
Dusen, P. [2503] Brazil Rhamnus sphaerosperma var. pubescens K004530416 Yes
Weir, J. [340] Brazil Rhamnus sphaerosperma var. pubescens K004530425 Yes
Harley, R.M.; Bromley, G.L.; de Carvalho, A.M.; Martinelli, G. [20923] Brazil Rhamnus sphaerosperma var. pubescens K004530417 Yes
Dusen, P. [7059] Brazil Rhamnus sphaerosperma var. pubescens K004530406 Yes
Sello [s.n.] Brazil Rhamnus sphaerosperma var. pubescens K000537319 Type Yes
Spruce, R. [6017] Ecuador Rhamnus sphaerosperma var. pubescens K000201280 Type Yes
F.C. e Silva; et al. [00000] Brazil Rhamnus sphaerosperma var. pubescens K004530405 Yes
Usteri, P.A. [[365L]] Brazil Rhamnus sphaerosperma var. pubescens K004530433 Yes
Soares-Silva, L.H.; Chagas e Silva, F. [00337] Brazil Rhamnus sphaerosperma var. pubescens K004530404 Yes
[Riedel] [s.n.] Brazil Rhamnus sphaerosperma var. pubescens K004530428 Yes
Riedel [s.n.] Brazil Rhamnus sphaerosperma var. pubescens K004530435 Yes
Lehmann, F.C. [5803] Colombia Rhamnus sphaerosperma var. pubescens K000537312 Unknown Type Material Yes
Lehmann, F.C. [5803] Colombia Rhamnus sphaerosperma var. pubescens K000537311 Unknown Type Material Yes
Ratter, J.A.; Argent, G.C.G.; Gibbs, P.E.; Shepherd, G.J.; Dulce M.S. de Rocha [R4834] Brazil Rhamnus sphaerosperma var. pubescens K004530408 Yes
s.coll. [4927] Brazil Rhamnus sphaerosperma var. pubescens K004530412 Yes
Souza, L.R.M.; Chagas e Silva, F.; Soares-Silva, L.H. [554] Brazil Rhamnus sphaerosperma var. pubescens K004530402 Yes
Chagas e Silva, F.; Soares-Silva, L.H. [01844] Brazil Rhamnus sphaerosperma var. pubescens K004530401 Yes
Spruce, R. [5825] Ecuador Rhamnus sphaerosperma var. pubescens K000201279 Yes
Widgren [s.n.] Brazil Rhamnus sphaerosperma var. pubescens K004530421 Yes
Takahashi, E.K.; et al. [00014] Brazil Rhamnus sphaerosperma var. pubescens K004530403 Yes
Burchell [3911-2] Brazil Rhamnus sphaerosperma var. pubescens K004530413 Yes
Markgraf; Duarte, A.P. [10385] Brazil Rhamnus sphaerosperma var. pubescens K004530409 Yes
Spruce, R. [4877] Peru Rhamnus sphaerosperma var. pubescens K000110487 Isotype Yes
Stannard, B.; Furlan, A.; Harley, R.M.; Lewis, G.P.; Silva, M.; Pirani, J.R. [CFCR7254] Brazil Rhamnus sphaerosperma var. pubescens K004530438 Yes
Harley, R.M.; Bromley, G.L.; de Carvalho, A.M.; Martinelli, G. [20890] Brazil Rhamnus sphaerosperma var. pubescens K004530418 Yes
Usteri, P.A. [42a] Brazil Rhamnus sphaerosperma var. pubescens K004530431 Yes
Usteri, P.A. [[1a]] Brazil Rhamnus sphaerosperma var. pubescens K004530432 Yes
Bianchini, E.; et al. [s.n.] Brazil Rhamnus sphaerosperma var. pubescens K004530400 Yes
Balansa, B. [2428] Paraguay Rhamnus sphaerosperma var. pubescens K004530440 Yes
Paiva, M.R.C.; Alves, J.; Francisco, E.M. [85] Brazil Rhamnus sphaerosperma var. pubescens K004530399 Yes
Bang, M. [351] Bolivia Rhamnus sphaerosperma var. pubescens K000537314 Unknown Type Material Yes
Riedel [s.n.] Brazil Rhamnus sphaerosperma var. pubescens K000537321 Unknown Type Material Yes
Smith, L.B.; Klein, R. [8161A] Brazil Rhamnus sphaerosperma var. pubescens K004530426 Yes
Usteri, P.A. [[3691]] Brazil Rhamnus sphaerosperma var. pubescens K004530419 Yes
Gardner [5724] Brazil Rhamnus sphaerosperma var. pubescens K004530430 Yes
de Saint-Hilaire, A. [1211] Brazil Rhamnus sphaerosperma var. pubescens K004530436 Yes
Sello [2089] Brazil Rhamnus sphaerosperma var. pubescens K000537320 Unknown Type Material Yes
Harley, R.M.; Stannard, B.; Oliveira, J.D.P.; Kawasaki, M.L. [CFCR6520] Brazil Rhamnus sphaerosperma var. pubescens K004530437 Yes
Hassler, E. (Dr.) [8986] Paraguay Rhamnus sphaerosperma var. pubescens K004530439 Yes
Claussen, P. [s.n.] Brazil Rhamnus sphaerosperma var. pubescens K004530429 Yes
Rambo, B. [44858] Brazil Rhamnus sphaerosperma var. pubescens K004530411 Yes
Pereira, E.; Pabst, G. [8191] Brazil Rhamnus sphaerosperma var. pubescens K004530410 Yes
Hoehne, F.C. [s.n.] Brazil Rhamnus sphaerosperma var. pubescens K004530424 Yes

Sources

  • Angiosperm Extinction Risk Predictions v1

    • Angiosperm Threat Predictions
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

  • Catálogo de Plantas y Líquenes de Colombia

    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Herbarium Catalogue Specimens

    • 'The Herbarium Catalogue, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the Internet http://www.kew.org/herbcat [accessed on Day Month Year]'. Please enter the date on which you consulted the system.
    • Digital Image © Board of Trustees, RBG Kew http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

  • Kew Backbone Distributions

    • The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants 2025. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and https://powo.science.kew.org/
    • © Copyright 2023 World Checklist of Vascular Plants. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

  • Kew Names and Taxonomic Backbone

    • The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants 2025. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and https://powo.science.kew.org/
    • © Copyright 2023 International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

  • Useful Plants and Fungi of Colombia

    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0