Family:
Amaranthaceae Juss.
Genus:
Amaranthus L.

Amaranthus graecizans L.

This species is accepted, and its native range is Macaronesia, Medit. to Indian Subcontinent and Angola.

[FZ]

Amaranthaceae, C. C. Townsend. Flora Zambesiaca 9:1. 1988

Morphology General Habit
Annual herb, branched from the base and usually also above, erect, decumbent or prostrate, mostly up to c. 45 cm. (rarely to 70 cm. high).
Morphology Stem
Stem slender to stout, angular, glabrous or thinly to moderately furnished with short to long, often crisped multicellular hairs which increase upwards, especially in the inflorescence.
Morphology Leaves
Leaves glabrous or sometimes sparingly furnished on the lower surface of the principal veins with very short, gland-like hairs, long-petiolate (petiole from 3–45 mm. long, sometimes longer than the lamina), lamina broadly ovate or rhomboid-ovate to narrowly linear-lanceolate, 4–55 × 2–30 mm., acute to obtuse or obscurely retuse at the mucronulate apex, cuneate to long-attenuate at the base.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers
Flowers all in axillary cymose clusters, male and female intermixed, male commonest in the upper cymes.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences Bracts
Bracts and bracteoles narrowly lanceolate-oblong, pale-membranous, acuminate and with a pale or reddish arista formed by the excurrent green midrib, bracteoles subequalling or usually shorter than the perianth.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Perianth
Perianth segments 3, all 1.5–2 mm. long; those of the male flowers lanceolate-oblong, cuspidate, pale membranous with a narrow green midrib excurrent in a short, pale arista; those of the female flowers lanceolate-oblong to linear-oblong, gradually to abruptly narrowed to the mucro, the midrib often bordered by a green vitta above and apparently thickened, the margins pale whitish to greenish.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Gynoecium Stigma
Stigmas 3, slender, usually pale, flexuose, c.0.5 mm. long.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits
Capsule subglobose to shortly ovoid, 2–2.25 mm. usually strongly wrinkled throughout with a very short, smooth beak, exceeding the perianth, circumcissile or sometimes not, even on the same plant.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Seeds
Seeds shining, compressed, black, 1–1.25 mm. across, faintly reticulate especially towards the margin.

[FWTA]

Amaranthaceae, Hutchinson and Dalziel. Flora of West Tropical Africa 1:1. 1954

Morphology General Habit
A variable weed, up to 2 ft. high.

[FTEA]

Amaranthaceae, C.C. Townsend. Flora of Tropical East Africa. 1985

Morphology General Habit
Annual herb, branched from the base and usually also above, erect, decumbent or prostrate, mostly up to 45(–70) cm.
Morphology Stem
Stem slender to stout, angular, glabrous or thinly to moderately furnished with short to long, often crisped multicellular hairs which increase upwards, especially in the inflorescence.
Morphology Leaves
Leaves glabrous or sometimes sparingly furnished on the lower surface of the principal veins with very short gland-like hairs, long-petiolate (petiole from 3–5 mm., sometimes longer than the lamina); lamina broadly ovate or rhomboid-ovate to narrowly linear-lanceolate, 4–55 × 2–30 mm., acute to obtuse or obscurely retuse at the mucronate tip, cuneate to long-attenuate at the base.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers
Flowers all in axillary cymose clusters, ♂ and ♀ intermixed, ♂ commonest in the upper cymes.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences Bracts
Bracts and bracteoles narrowly lanceolate-oblong, pale and membranous, acuminate and with a pale or reddish arista formed by the excurrent green midrib; bracteoles subequalling or usually shorter than the perianth.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Perianth
Perianth-segments 3, all 1.5–2 mm.; ♂ lanceolate-oblong, cuspidate, pale and membranous, with a narrow green midrib excurrent in a short pale arista; ♀ lanceolate-oblong to linear-oblong, gradually to abruptly narrowed to the mucro, the midrib often bordered by a green vitta above and apparently thickened, the margins pale whitish to greenish.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Gynoecium Stigma
Stigmas 3, slender, usually pale, flexuous, ± 0.5 mm.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits
Capsule subglobose to shortly ovoid, 2–2.25 mm., usually strongly wrinkled throughout with a very short smooth beak, exceeding the perianth, circumscissile or sometimes not, even on the same plant.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Seeds
Seeds shining, compressed, black, 1–1.25 mm., faintly reticulate especially towards the margin.

[FSOM]

M. Thulin et al. Flora of Somalia Vol. 1-4 [updated 2008] https://plants.jstor.org/collection/FLOS

Morphology General Habit
Erect, decumbent or prostrate annual, mostly up to 45 (rarely 70) cm, branched from the base and usually above
Morphology Stem
Stem slender to stout, glabrous or thinly to moderately furnished with short to long, often crisped multicellular hairs
Morphology Leaves
Leaves long-petiolate, the petiole sometimes longer than the 4–55 x 2–30 mm, broadly or rhomboid-ovate to narrowly linear-lanceolate blade, glabrous or somtimes with sparse short gland-like hairs on the lower surface, acute to obtuse or obscurely retuse
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers
Flowers entirely in axillary clusters, male and female flowers intermixed
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Tepal
Tepals of female flowers 3, 1.5–2 mm, lanceolate-oblong to linear-oblong, gradually to abruptly narrowed to the mucro
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Gynoecium Stigma
Stigmas 3
Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits
Capsule subglobose to shortly ovoid, 2–2.5 mm, usually strongly wrinkled throughout with a very short, smooth beak, longer than the perianth, circumscissile or sometimes not, even on the same plant
Morphology Reproductive morphology Seeds
Seeds lenticular, faintly reticulate.
Vernacular
Aiyu-guri (Somali)

Doubtfully present in:

Tunisia

Native to:

Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Angola, Assam, Azores, Baleares, Bangladesh, Benin, Bulgaria, Burkina, Cameroon, Canary Is., Cape Verde, Central African Repu, Chad, China North-Central, China South-Central, China Southeast, Cyprus, East Aegean Is., Egypt, Eritrea, Ethiopia, France, Ghana, Greece, Gulf of Guinea Is., Gulf States, India, Inner Mongolia, Iran, Iraq, Italy, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kriti, Krym, Kuwait, Lebanon-Syria, Libya, Madeira, Malawi, Mali, Mauritania, Morocco, Mozambique, Nepal, Niger, Nigeria, North Caucasus, Oman, Pakistan, Palestine, Portugal, Rwanda, Sardegna, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Sicilia, Sinai, Socotra, Somalia, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Tadzhikistan, Tanzania, Togo, Transcaucasus, Turkey, Turkey-in-Europe, Turkmenistan, Uganda, Uzbekistan, West Himalaya, Xinjiang, Yemen, Yugoslavia, Zambia, Zaïre, Zimbabwe

Introduced into:

Austria, Belgium, Botswana, Corse, Czechoslovakia, Denmark, Djibouti, Germany, Hungary, Mexico Northeast, Mexico Northwest, Mexico Southwest, New Jersey, New Zealand North, New Zealand South, Northwest European R, Romania, South Australia, Sweden, Switzerland, Tasmania, Victoria, Wake I., Western Sahara

Amaranthus graecizans L. appears in other Kew resources:

Date Reference Identified As Barcode Type Status Has image?
Kotschy [82], Sudan K000243572 syntype Yes
Kotschy [48], Sudan K000243574 isolectotype Yes
Migeod, F. W. H. [147], Cameroon K000025559 No
Cope, T.A. [RBG 3], Great Britain K000914064 Yes

First published in Sp. Pl.: 990 (1753)

Accepted by

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  • Barry, J. P. & Celles, J.S. (1991). Flore de Mauritanie 1: 1-359. Centre Regional de Documentation Pedagogique, Nice.
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  • Boudet, G., Lebrun, J.P. & Demange, R. (1986). Catalogue des plantes vasculaires du Mali: 1-465. Etudes d'Elevage et de Médecine Vétérinaire des Pays Tropicaux.
  • Boulos, L. (1999). Flora of Egypt 1: 1-419. Al Hadara Publishing, Cairo.
  • Boulvert, Y. (1977). Catalogue de la Flore de Centrafrique 2(1): 1-85. ORSTROM, Bangui.
  • Cossu, T.A, Camarda, I. & Brundu, G. (2014). A catalogue of non-native weeds in irrigated crops in Sardinia (Italy). Webbia; Raccolta de Scritti Botanici 69: 145-156.
  • Darbyshire, I., Kordofani, M., Farag, I., Candiga, R. & Pickering, H. (eds.) (2015). The Plants of Sudan and South Sudan: 1-400. Kew publishing, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  • Dobignard, A. & Chatelain, C. (2011). Index synonymique de la flore d'Afrique du nord 2: 1-429. Éditions des conservatoire et jardin botaniques, Genève.
  • Dobignard, A., Jacquemoud, F. & Jordan, D. (1992). Matériaux pour la conaissance floristique du Sahara occidental et l'Anti-Atlas méridional. I. Pteridophyta à Rosaceae. Candollea 47: 113-179.
  • Edwards, S., Tadesse, M., Demissew, S. & Hedberg, I. (eds.) (2000). Flora of Ethiopia and Eritrea 2(1): 1-532. The National Herbarium, Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia & The Department of Systematic Botany, Upps.
  • Figueiredo, E. & Smith, G.F. (2008). Plants of Angola. Strelitzia 22: 1-279. National Botanical Institute, Pretoria.
  • Figueiredo, E., Paiva, J., Stévart, T., Oliveira, F. & Smith, G.F. (2011). Annotated catalogue of the flowering plants of São Tomé and Príncipe. Bothalia, A Journal of Botanical Research 41: 41-82.
  • Fosberg, F.R., Sachet, M.-H., Oliver, R. (1979). A geographical checklist of the Micronesian Dicotyledonae. Micronesica; Journal of the College of Guam 15: 41-295.
  • Ghazanfar, S.A. & Edmandson, J.R. (eds.) (2016). Flora of Iraq 5(1): 1-284. Ministry of Agriculture & Agrarian Reform, Baghdad.
  • Ghazanfar, S.A. (1992). An Annotated Catalogue of the Vascular Plants of Oman and their Vernacular names. Scripta Botanica Belgica 2: 1-153.
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  • Hutchinson, J., Dalziel, J.M. & Keay, R.W.J. (1954-1958). Flora of West Tropical Africa, ed. 2, 1: 1-828.
  • Iamonico, D. (2015). Taxonomic revision of the genus Amaranthus (Amaranthaceae) in Italy. Phytotaxa 199: 1-84.
  • Launert, E. (ed.) (1988). Flora Zambesiaca 9(1): 1-179. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  • Lebrun, J.P., Toutain, B., Gaston, A. & Boudet, G. (1991). Catalogue des Plantes Vasculaires du Burkina Faso: 1-341. Institut d' Elevage et de Médecine Vétérinaire des Pays Tropicaux, Maisons Alfort.
  • Llewellyn, O.A., Hall, M., Miller, A.G., Al-Abbasi, T.M., Al-Wetaid, A.H., Al-Harbi, R.J. & Al-Shammari, K.F. (2011). Important plant areas in the Arabian peninsula: 4. Jabal Aja. Edinburgh Journal of Botany 68: 199-224.
  • Miller, A.G. & Morris, M. (2004). Ethnoflora of Soqotra Archipelago: 1-759. The Royal Botanic Garden, Edinburgh.
  • Onana, J.M. (2011). The vascular plants of Cameroon a taxonomic checklist with IUCN assessments: 1-195. National herbarium of Cameroon, Yaoundé.
  • Peyre de Fabregues, B. & Lebrun, J.-P. (1976). Catalogue des Plantes Vascularies du Niger: 1-433. Institut d' Elevage et de Médecine Vétérinaire des Pays Tropicaux, Maisons Alfort.
  • Shaheen, H., Qureshi, R., Akram, A., Gulfraz, M. & Potter, D. (2014). A preliminary floristic checklist of Thal desert Punjab, Pakistan. Pakistn Journal of Botany 46: 13-18.
  • Takhtajan, A.L. (ed.) in Takhtajan, A.L. (ed.) (2012). Konspekt Flora Kavkaza 3(2): 1-623. Editio Universitatis Petropolitanae.
  • Townsend, C.C. (1985). Flora of Tropical East Africa, Amaranthaceae: 1-136.
  • Tutin, T.G. & al. (eds.) (1993). Flora Europaea ed. 2, 1: 1-581. Cambridge University Press.
  • Wood, J.R.I. (1997). A handbook of the Yemen Flora: 1-434. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  • Zervous, S., Raus, T. & Yannitsaros, A. (2009). Additons to the flora of the island of Kalimnos (SE Aegean, Greece). Willdenowia 39: 165-177.

Literature

Flora of West Tropical Africa

  • Chev. Bot. 528.
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Kew Backbone Distributions

  • Aellen, P. (1972). Flora Iranica 91: 1-19. Akademische Druck- u. Verlagsanstalt, Graz.
  • Akoègninou, A., van der Burg, W.J. & van der Maesen, L.J.G. (eds.) (2006). Flore Analytique du Bénin: 1-1034. Backhuys Publishers.
  • Audru, J., Cesar, J. & Lebrun, J.-P. (1994). Les Plantes Vasculaires de la République de Djibouti. Flore Illustrée 1: 1-336. CIRAD, Départerment d'Elevage et de Médecine vétérinaire, Djibouti.
  • Aver'ianov, L.V. & al. (2006). Illyustrirovannyi opredelitel' rastenii Leningradskoi oblasti: 1-799. Nauka, Moskva.
  • B.A.Fedtschenko & al. (1948). Flora Turkmenii 3: 1-280. Turkmenskoe gosudarstvennoe izd., Ashkhabad.
  • Boulos, L. (1999). Flora of Egypt 1: 1-419. Al Hadara Publishing, Cairo.
  • Boulvert, Y. (1977). Catalogue de la Flore de Centrafrique 2(1): 1-85. ORSTROM, Bangui.
  • Cossu, T.A, Camarda, I. & Brundu, G. (2014). A catalogue of non-native weeds in irrigated crops in Sardinia (Italy). Webbia; Raccolta de Scritti Botanici 69: 145-156.
  • Dobignard, A. & Chatelain, C. (2011). Index synonymique de la flore d'Afrique du nord 2: 1-429. Éditions des conservatoire et jardin botaniques, Genève.
  • Dobignard, A., Jacquemoud, F. & Jordan, D. (1992). Matériaux pour la conaissance floristique du Sahara occidental et l'Anti-Atlas méridional. I. Pteridophyta à Rosaceae. Candollea 47: 113-179.
  • Figueiredo, E. & Smith, G.F. (2008). Plants of Angola. Strelitzia 22: 1-279. National Botanical Institute, Pretoria.
  • Figueiredo, E., Paiva, J., Stévart, T., Oliveira, F. & Smith, G.F. (2011). Annotated catalogue of the flowering plants of São Tomé and Príncipe. Bothalia, A Journal of Botanical Research 41: 41-82.
  • Fosberg, F.R., Sachet, M.-H., Oliver, R. (1979). A geographical checklist of the Micronesian Dicotyledonae. Micronesica; Journal of the College of Guam 15: 41-295.
  • Hutchinson, J., Dalziel, J.M. & Keay, R.W.J. (1954-1958). Flora of West Tropical Africa, ed. 2, 1: 1-828.
  • Jonsell, B. (ed.) (2001). Flora Nordica 2: 1-430. The Bergius Foundaton.
  • Launert, E. (ed.) (1988). Flora Zambesiaca 9(1): 1-179. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  • Lebrun, J.P., Toutain, B., Gaston, A. & Boudet, G. (1991). Catalogue des Plantes Vasculaires du Burkina Faso: 1-341. Institut d' Elevage et de Médecine Vétérinaire des Pays Tropicaux, Maisons Alfort.
  • Llewellyn, O.A., Hall, M., Miller, A.G., Al-Abbasi, T.M., Al-Wetaid, A.H., Al-Harbi, R.J. & Al-Shammari, K.F. (2011). Important plant areas in the Arabian peninsula: 4. Jabal Aja. Edinburgh Journal of Botany 68: 199-224.
  • Miller, A.G. & Cope, T.A. (1996). Flora of the Arabian peninsula and Socotra 1: 1-586. Edinburgh university press.
  • Miller, A.G. & Morris, M. (2004). Ethnoflora of Soqotra Archipelago: 1-759. The Royal Botanic Garden, Edinburgh.
  • Onana, J.M. (2011). The vascular plants of Cameroon a taxonomic checklist with IUCN assessments: 1-195. National herbarium of Cameroon, Yaoundé.
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Flora of Somalia

  • Flora Somalia, Vol 1, (1993) Author: by C. C. Townsend [updated by M. Thulin 2008]

Flora of Tropical East Africa

  • A.D.Q. Agnew, Upland Kenya Wild Flowers p. 133 (1974).
  • Cavaco in Mém. Mus. Nat. Hist. Nat. Paris, sér. B, 13: 52 (1962).
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  • L., Sp. Pl.: 990 (1753).

  • Flora Zambesiaca

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