Kigelia africana (Lam.) Benth.

Native to:

Angola, Benin, Botswana, Burkina, Burundi, Cameroon, Caprivi Strip, Central African Repu, Chad, Congo, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Gulf of Guinea Is., Ivory Coast, Kenya, KwaZulu-Natal, Liberia, Malawi, Mali, Mozambique, Namibia, Niger, Nigeria, Northern Provinces, Rwanda, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Somalia, Sudan, Swaziland, Tanzania, Togo, Uganda, Zambia, Zaïre, Zimbabwe

Introduced into:

Ecuador, Mexico Southwest

POWO follows these authorities in accepting this name:

• Akoègninou, A., van der Burg, W.J. & van der Maesen, L.J.G. (eds.) (2006). Flore Analytique du Bénin: 1-1034. Backhuys Publishers.
• Baksh-Comeau, Y., Maharaj, S.S., Adams, C.D., Harris, S.A., Filer, D.L. & Hawthorne, W.D. (2016). An annotated checklist of the vascular plants of Trinidad and Tobago with analysis of vegetation types and botanical 'hotspots'. Phytotaxa 250: 1-431.
• Berendsohn, W.G., Gruber, A.K. & Monterrosa Salomón, J. (2009). Nova silva cusatlantica. Árboles nativos e introduciados de El Salvador. Parte 1: Angiospermae - Familias A a L. Englera 29-1: 1-438.
• Boudet, G., Lebrun, J.P. & Demange, R. (1986). Catalogue des plantes vasculaires du Mali: 1-465. Etudes d'Elevage et de Médecine Vétérinaire des Pays Tropicaux.
• Boulvert, Y. (1977). Catalogue de la Flore de Centrafrique 3: 1-89. ORSTOM, Bangui.
• Brunel, J.F., Hiepo, P. & Scholz, H. (eds.) (1984). Flore Analytique du Togo Phanérogames: 1-751. GTZ, Eschborn.
• Curtis, B. & Mannheimer, C. (2005). Tree Atlas of Namibia: 1-688. The National Botanical Research Institute, Windhoek.
• Diniz, M.A. (1988). 124. Bignoniaceae. Flora Zambesiaca 8(3): 61-85. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
• Figueiredo, E. & Smith, G.F. (2008). Plants of Angola. Strelitzia 22: 1-279. National Botanical Institute, Pretoria.
• Fischer, E., Rembold, K., Althof, A. & Obholzer, J. (2010). Annotated checklist of the vascular plants of Kakamega forest, Western province, Kenya. Journal of East African Natural History 99: 129-226.
• Gentry, A. H. (1985). Bignoniaceae. Flore du Gabon 27: 19-56. Muséum National D'Histoire Naturelle, Paris.
• Lejoy, J., Ndjele, M.-B. & Geerinck, D. (2010). Catalogue-flore des plantes vasculaires des districts de Kisangani et de la Tshopo (RD Congo). Taxonomania. Revue de Taxonomie et de Nomenclature Botaniques 30: 1-307.
• Liben, L. (1977). Bignoniaceae. Flore d'Afrique Centrale (Zaïre - Rwanda - Burundi): 1-39. Jardin Botanique National de Belgique, Meise.
• Mannheimer, C.A. & Curtis, B.A. (eds.) (2009). Le Roux and Müller's field guide to the trees and shrubs of Namibia, rev. ed.: 1-525. Macmillan Education Namibia, Windhoek.
• Peyre de Fabregues, B. & Lebrun, J.-P. (1976). Catalogue des Plantes Vascularies du Niger: 1-433. Institut d' Elevage et de Médecine Vétérinaire des Pays Tropicaux, Maisons Alfort.
• Setshogo, M.P. (2005). Bignoniaceae. Southen Africa Botany Diversity Network Reports 37.
• Sita, P. & Moutsambote, J.-M. (2005). Catalogue des plantes vasculaires du Congo, ed. sept. 2005: 1-158. ORSTOM, Centre de Brazzaville.
• Sosef, M.S.M. & al. (2006). Check-list des plantes vasculaires du Gabon. Scripta Botanica Belgica 35: 1-438.

An alternative taxonomy had been proposed by the following authorities:

• Burger, W. & Gentry, A.H. (2000). Bignoniaceae. Fieldiana Botany New Series, n.s., 41: 77-160. Field Museum of Natural History. [Cited as Kigelia pinnata.]
• Smithies, S.I. (2003). Bignoniceae, In: Plants of southern Africa: an annotated checklist. Strelitzia 14: 312-313. National Botanical Institute, Pretoria. [Cited as Kigelia africana.]

Catálogo de Plantas y Líquenes de Colombia

• Bernal, R., Gradstein, S.R. & Celis, M. (eds.). 2015. Catálogo de plantas y líquenes de Colombia. Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá. http://catalogoplantasdecolombia.unal.edu.co

Kew Species Profiles

• Bidgood, S., Verdcourt, B. & Vollesen, K. (2006). Flora of Tropical East Africa, Bignoniaceae. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, London.
• Burkill, H.M. (1985). The Useful Plants of West Tropical Africa, Volume 1. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, London.
• Grace, O. & Davis, S.D. (2002). Kigelia africana (Lam.) Benth. In Oyen, l.P.A. & Lemmens, R.H.M.J. (eds), Plant Resources of Tropical Africa. Precursor. PROTA Programme, Wageningen, the Netherlands. Pp. 98-102.
• Harris, B. & Baker, H. (1958). Pollination in Kigelia africana. J. W. Afr. Sci. Assn. Vol. 4: No. 1.
• Launert, G., Bell, E. & Goncalves, M. (eds) (1988). Flora Zambesiaca, Volume 8, Part 3. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, London.
• Maundu, P. & Tengas, B. (2005). Useful Trees and Shrubs for Kenya. World Agroforestry Centre.
• Ramundo, D. (2009). Red List of South African Plants, Strelitzia 25. South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria.
• Roodt, V. (1993). The Shell Guide to the Common Trees of the Okavango Delta and Moremi Game Reserve. Shell, Gabarone.
  
  

Flora of West Tropical Africa

• Aubrév. Fl. For. C. Iv. ed. 2, 3: 242, t. 231
• Chev. Bot. 487
• F.T.A. 4, 2: 536
• Fl. For. Soud.-Guin. 484, t. 111
• Sillans in Not. Syst. 14: 323 (1853)
• in Fl. Nigrit. 463 (1849)
• incl. var. aethiopica (Decne.) Aubrév. ex Sillans and var. elliptica (Sprague) R. Sillans in Not. Syst. 14: 324 (1853).

Kew Backbone Distributions

• Akoègninou, A., van der Burg, W.J. & van der Maesen, L.J.G. (eds.) (2006). Flore Analytique du Bénin: 1-1034. Backhuys Publishers.
• Curtis, B. & Mannheimer, C. (2005). Tree Atlas of Namibia: 1-688. The National Botanical Research Institute, Windhoek.
• Diniz, M.A. (1990). Bignoniaceae. Flora de Moçambique 120: 1-35. Instituto de Investigaçao Científuca Tropical.
• Figueiredo, E. & Smith, G.F. (2008). Plants of Angola. Strelitzia 22: 1-279. National Botanical Institute, Pretoria.
• Fischer, E., Rembold, K., Althof, A. & Obholzer, J. (2010). Annotated checklist of the vascular plants of Kakamega forest, Western province, Kenya. Journal of East African Natural History 99: 129-226.
• Garcia-Mendoza, A.J. & Meave, J.A. (eds.) (2012). Diversidad florística de Oaxaca: de musgos a angiospermas (colecciones y listas de especies), ed. 2: 1-351. Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México.
• Gentry, A.H. (1977). Bignoniaceae. Flora of Ecuador 7: 1-172. Botanical Institute, University of Göteborg, Riksmuseum, Stockholm.
• Gentry, A.H. (1984). Bignoniacées. Flore du Cameroun 27: 26-61. Ministère de l'enseignement supérieur et de la recherche scientifique (Mesres), Yaoundé.
• Hutchinson, J. & Dalziel, J.M. (1931). Bignoniaceae. Flora of West Tropical Africa 2(1): 237-242.
• Liben, L. (1977). Bignoniaceae. Flore d'Afrique Centrale (Zaïre - Rwanda - Burundi): 1-39. Jardin Botanique National de Belgique, Meise.
• Peyre de Fabregues, B. & Lebrun, J.-P. (1976). Catalogue des Plantes Vascularies du Niger: 1-433. Institut d' Elevage et de Médecine Vétérinaire des Pays Tropicaux, Maisons Alfort.
• Sita, P. & Moutsambote, J.-M. (2005). Catalogue des plantes vasculaires du Congo, ed. sept. 2005: 1-158. ORSTOM, Centre de Brazzaville.
• Smithies, S.I. (2003). Bignoniceae, In: Plants of southern Africa: an annotated checklist. Strelitzia 14: 312-313. National Botanical Institute, Pretoria.
• Sosef, M.S.M. & al. (2006). Check-list des plantes vasculaires du Gabon. Scripta Botanica Belgica 35: 1-438.

Flora of Somalia

• Flora Somalia, (2000) Author: by M. Tardelli & L. Settesoldi [updated by M. Thulin 2008]

Flora of Tropical East Africa

• Acta Trop. Suppl. 8: 148 (1964)
• Blundell, Wild Fl. E. Afr.: 381, t. 485 (1987)
• F.T.A. 4(2): 536 (1906)
• F.W.T.A. ed. 2, 2: 385, fig. 294 (1963)
• F.Z. 8(3): 83, t. 18 (1988)
• Fl. Cameroun 27: 32, t. 9 (1984)
• Fl. Gabon 27: 27, t. 5 (1985)
• Fl. Som. 3: 303, fig. 209 (2006).
• Hamilton, Uganda Forest Trees: 203 (1981)
• K.T.S.L.: 591, fig., map (1994)
• Liben, F.A.C. Bignon.: 4, t. 1 (1977)
• Niger Fl.: 463 (1849)
• Opera Bot.: 59: 77 (1980)
• Palgrave, Trees S. Afr.: 833 (1981)
• Palmer & Pitman, Trees S. Afr. 3: 2011, figs. & photos. (1973)
• Prodr. Fl. SW. Afr. 128: 3 (1967)
• T.T.C.L.: 71 (1949)

Useful Plants and Fungi of Colombia

• Bernal, R., Gradstein, S.R., & Celis, M. (eds.). (2020). Catálogo de Plantas y Líquenes de Colombia. v1.1. Universidad Nacional de Colombia. Dataset/Checklist. https://doi.org/10.15472/7avdhn
• Burkill HM. (1995). The useful plants of west tropical Africa, Vols. 1-3. The useful plants of west tropical Africa, Vols 1-3.
• Diazgranados et al. (2021). Catalogue of plants of Colombia. Useful Plants and Fungi of Colombia project. In prep.
• Diazgranados, M., Allkin, B., Black N., Cámara-Leret, R., Canteiro C., Carretero J., Eastwood R., Hargreaves S., Hudson A., Milliken W., Nesbitt, M., Ondo, I., Patmore, K., Pironon, S., Turner, R., Ulian, T. (2020). World Checklist of Useful Plant Species. Produced by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Knowledge Network for Biocomplexity.
• FPI (2021). Food Plants International. https://fms.cmsvr.com/fmi/webd/Food_Plants_World?homeurl=https://foodplantsinternational.com/plants/
• GBIF.org (2021). GBIF species matching tool. https://www.gbif.org/tools/species-lookup
• GRIN (2021). Germplasm Resources Information Network from the United States Department of Agriculture. https://www.ars-grin.gov/
• IUCN (2021). The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2021-2. https://www.iucnredlist.org.
• Medicinal Plant Names Services (MPNS) v.10 (2021); http://mpns.kew.org/
• PROTA (2021). Plants Resources of Tropical Africa. https://prota4u.org/database/
• RBG, Kew (2021). Kew Economic Botany Collection. https://ecbot.science.kew.org/
• RBG, Kew (ed.) (1999). Survey of Economic Plants for Arid and Semi-Arid Lands (SEPASAL) database. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, London.
• Ulian, T., Sacandé, M., Hudson, A., & Mattana, E. (2017). Conservation of indigenous plants to support community livelihoods: the MGU–Useful Plants Project. Journal of Environmental Planning and Management 60:668-683.
• Willis, K.J. (ed.) (2017). State of the World’s Plants 2017. Report. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.