Salicaceae
Oncoba

Oncoba spinosa Forssk.

First published in Fl. Aegypt.-Arab.: 103 (1775)
This species is accepted
The native range of this species is Tropical & S. Africa, SW. Arabian Peninsula. It is a shrub or tree and grows primarily in the seasonally dry tropical biome.

Distribution

Native to:

Angola, Benin, Botswana, Burkina, Burundi, Cabinda, Cameroon, Chad, Congo, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Gulf of Guinea Is., Ivory Coast, Kenya, KwaZulu-Natal, Malawi, Mali, Mozambique, Namibia, Nigeria, Northern Provinces, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Somalia, Swaziland, Tanzania, Togo, Uganda, Yemen, Zambia, Zaïre, Zimbabwe

Introduced into:

Cuba, Florida

Synonyms

Heterotypic Synonyms

Classification

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Publications

POWO follows these authorities in accepting this name:

  • Acevedo-Rodríguez, P. & Strong, M.T. (2012). Catalogue of seed plants of the West Indies. Smithsonian Contributions to Botany 98: 1-1192.
  • Akoègninou, A., van der Burg, W.J. & van der Maesen, L.J.G. (eds.) (2006). Flore Analytique du Bénin: 1-1034. Backhuys Publishers.
  • Aké Assi, L. (2001). Flore de la Côte-d'Ivoire: catalogue systématique, biogéographie et écologie. I. Boissiera 57: 1-396.
  • Bamps, P. (1968). Flore du Congo du Rwanda et du Burundi, Flacourtiaceae (1): 1-61. Jardin Botanique National de Belgique, Bruxelles.
  • Berhaut, J. (1975). Flore illustrée du Sénégal 4: 1-625. Gouvernement du Sénégal, Ministère du développement rural direction des eaux et forêta, Dakar.
  • Boudet, G., Lebrun, J.P. & Demange, R. (1986). Catalogue des plantes vasculaires du Mali: 1-465. Etudes d'Elevage et de Médecine Vétérinaire des Pays Tropicaux.
  • Brundu, G. & Camarda, I. (2013). The Flora of Chad: a checklist and brief analysis. PhytoKeys 23: 1-18.
  • Brunel, J.F., Hiepo, P. & Scholz, H. (eds.) (1984). Flore Analytique du Togo Phanérogames: 1-751. GTZ, Eschborn.
  • Catarino, L., Sampaio Martins, E., Pinto-Basto, M.F. & Diniz, M.A. (2006). Plantas Vasculares e Briófitos da Guiné-Bissau: 1-298. Instituto de investigação científica tropical, Instituto Português de apoio ao desenvolvimento.
  • Collenette, S. (1999). Wildflowers of Saudi Arabia: 1-799. National commission for wildlife conservation and development (NCWCD), Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
  • Darbyshire, I., Kordofani, M., Farag, I., Candiga, R. & Pickering, H. (eds.) (2015). The Plants of Sudan and South Sudan: 1-400. Kew publishing, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  • Edwards, S., Tadesse, M., Demissew, S. & Hedberg, I. (eds.) (2000). Flora of Ethiopia and Eritrea 2(1): 1-532. The National Herbarium, Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia & The Department of Systematic Botany, Upps.
  • Exell, A.W. & Wild, H. (eds.) (1960). Flora Zambesiaca 1(1): 1-336. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  • Exell, A.W. (1973). Angiosperms of the islands of the gulf of Guinea (Fernando Po, Príncipe, S.Tomé, and Annobon). Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History). Botany 4: 325-411.
  • Figueiredo, E. & Smith, G.F. (2008). Plants of Angola. Streliztia 22: 1-279. National Botanical Institute, Pretoria.
  • Franck, A.R., Anderson, L.C., Burkhalter, J.R. & Dickman, S. (2016). Additions to the flora of Florida, U.S.A. (2010-2015). Journal of the Botanical Research Institute of Texas 10: 175-190.
  • Germishuizen, G. & Meyer, N.L. (eds.) (2003). Plants of Southern Africa an annotated checklist. Strelitzia 14: 1-1231. National Botanical Institute, Pretoria.
  • Gosline, G., Bidault, E., van der Burgt, X., Cahen, D., Challen, G., Condé, N., Couch, C., Couvreur, T.L.P., Dagallier, L.M.J., Darbyshire, I., Dawson, S., Doré, T.S., Goyder, D., Grall, A., Haba, P., Haba, P., Harris, D., Hind, D.J.N., Jongkind, & al. (2023). A Taxonomically-verified and Vouchered Checklist of the Vascular Plants of the Republic of Guinea. Nature, scientific data 10, Article number: 327: [1]-[12].
  • Jones, M. (1991). A checklist of Gambian plants: 1-33. Michael Jones, The Gambia College.
  • Lebrun, J.P., Toutain, B., Gaston, A. & Boudet, G. (1991). Catalogue des Plantes Vasculaires du Burkina Faso: 1-341. Institut d' Elevage et de Médecine Vétérinaire des Pays Tropicaux, Maisons Alfort.
  • Lewalle, J. (1970). Liste floristique et répartition altitudinale de la flore du Burundi occidental: 1-84. Université officielle de Bujumbura.
  • Lisowski, S. (2009). Flore (Angiospermes) de la République de Guinée. Scripta Botanica Belgica 41: 1-517.
  • Sita, P. & Moutsambote, J.-M. (2005). Catalogue des plantes vasculaires du Congo, ed. sept. 2005: 1-158. ORSTOM, Centre de Brazzaville.
  • Sleumer, H. (1975). Flora of Tropical East Africa, Flacourtiaceae: 1-68.
  • Sosef, M.S.M. & al. (2006). Check-list des plantes vasculaires du Gabon. Scripta Botanica Belgica 35: 1-438.
  • Wood, J.R.I. (1997). A handbook of the Yemen Flora: 1-434. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.

Flora of West Tropical Africa

  • Aubrév. Fl. For. C. Iv. 3: 8.
  • Chev. Bot. 37
  • —F.T.A. 1: 115

Kew Backbone Distributions

  • Acevedo-Rodríguez, P. & Strong, M.T. (2012). Catalogue of seed plants of the West Indies. Smithsonian Contributions to Botany 98: 1-1192.
  • Akoègninou, A., van der Burg, W.J. & van der Maesen, L.J.G. (eds.) (2006). Flore Analytique du Bénin: 1-1034. Backhuys Publishers.
  • Aké Assi, L. (2001). Flore de la Côte-d'Ivoire: catalogue systématique, biogéographie et écologie. I. Boissiera 57: 1-396.
  • Bamps, P. (1968). Flore du Congo du Rwanda et du Burundi, Flacourtiaceae (1): 1-61. Jardin Botanique National de Belgique, Bruxelles.
  • Boudet, G., Lebrun, J.P. & Demange, R. (1986). Catalogue des plantes vasculaires du Mali: 1-465. Etudes d'Elevage et de Médecine Vétérinaire des Pays Tropicaux.
  • Brundu, G. & Camarda, I. (2013). The Flora of Chad: a checklist and brief analysis. PhytoKeys 23: 1-18.
  • Brunel, J.F., Hiepo, P. & Scholz, H. (eds.) (1984). Flore Analytique du Togo Phanérogames: 1-751. GTZ, Eschborn.
  • Catarino, L., Sampaio Martins, E., Pinto-Basto, M.F. & Diniz, M.A. (2006). Plantas Vasculares e Briófitos da Guiné-Bissau: 1-298. Instituto de investigação científica tropical, Instituto Português de apoio ao desenvolvimento.
  • Collenette, S. (1999). Wildflowers of Saudi Arabia: 1-799. National commission for wildlife conservation and development (NCWCD), Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
  • Darbyshire, I., Kordofani, M., Farag, I., Candiga, R. & Pickering, H. (eds.) (2015). The Plants of Sudan and South Sudan: 1-400. Kew publishing, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  • Edwards, S., Tadesse, M., Demissew, S. & Hedberg, I. (eds.) (2000). Flora of Ethiopia and Eritrea 2(1): 1-532. The National Herbarium, Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia & The Department of Systematic Botany, Upps.
  • Exell, A.W. & Wild, H. (eds.) (1960). Flora Zambesiaca 1(1): 1-336. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  • Exell, A.W. (1973). Angiosperms of the islands of the gulf of Guinea (Fernando Po, Príncipe, S.Tomé, and Annobon). Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History). Botany 4: 325-411.
  • Figueiredo, E. & Smith, G.F. (2008). Plants of Angola. Streliztia 22: 1-279. National Botanical Institute, Pretoria.
  • Franck, A.R., Anderson, L.C., Burkhalter, J.R. & Dickman, S. (2016). Additions to the flora of Florida, U.S.A. (2010-2015). Journal of the Botanical Research Institute of Texas 10: 175-190.
  • Hutchinson, J., Dalziel, J.M. & Keay, R.W.J. (1954-1958). Flora of West Tropical Africa, ed. 2, 1: 1-828.
  • Jones, M. (1991). A checklist of Gambian plants: 1-33. Michael Jones, The Gambia College.
  • Killick, D.J.B. (1976). Flacourtiaceae (including Samydaceae). Flora of Southern Africa 22: 53-92. Botanical Research Institute, Department of Agriculture.
  • Lebrun, J.P., Toutain, B., Gaston, A. & Boudet, G. (1991). Catalogue des Plantes Vasculaires du Burkina Faso: 1-341. Institut d' Elevage et de Médecine Vétérinaire des Pays Tropicaux, Maisons Alfort.
  • Lewalle, J. (1970). Liste floristique et répartition altitudinale de la flore du Burundi occidental: 1-84. Université officielle de Bujumbura.
  • Lisowski, S. (2009). Flore (Angiospermes) de la République de Guinée. Scripta Botanica Belgica 41: 1-517.
  • Sita, P. & Moutsambote, J.-M. (2005). Catalogue des plantes vasculaires du Congo, ed. sept. 2005: 1-158. ORSTOM, Centre de Brazzaville.
  • Sleumer, H. (1975). Flora of Tropical East Africa, Flacourtiaceae: 1-68.
  • Sosef, M.S.M. & al. (2006). Check-list des plantes vasculaires du Gabon. Scripta Botanica Belgica 35: 1-438.

Flora of Somalia

  • Flora Somalia, Vol 1, (1993) Author: by M. Thulin [updated by M. Thulin 2008]

Flora of Tropical East Africa

  • Bamps in Flore du Congo Belge, du Ruanda et du Burundi, Flacourt.: 16, fig. 1/A (1968).
  • Battiscombe & Dale, Trees and Shrubs of Kenya Colony p. 21 (1936).
  • Dale & Greenway, Kenya Trees and Shrubs p. 227 (1961).
  • Engl, in Die Pflanzenwelt Ost-Afrikas und der Nachbargebiete, Theile C: 277 (1895).
  • F. White, Forest Flora of Northern Rhodesia p. 266 (1962).
  • Forssk., Fl. Aegypt.-Arab.: CXIII, 103 (1775).
  • J.P.M. Brenan, Check-lists of the Forest Trees and Shrubs of the British Empire no. 5, part II, Tanganyika Territory p. 234 (1949).
  • Oliv. in Flora of Tropical Africa 1: 115 (1868), incl. var. angolensis Oliv.
  • Sim, For. Fl. Port. E. Afr.: 12, t. 2/B (1909).
  • W.J. Eggeling, Indigenous Trees of the Uganda Protectorate, ed. 2: 149 (1952).
  • Wild in Flora Zambesiaca 1: 275, t. 46/B (1960).

Other Data

Other Kew resources that provide information on this taxon:

Date Reference Identified As Barcode Type Status Has image?
Jan 1, 2022 Rieder, C.; Camara, M. [66] Guinea K000010603 No
Leeuwenberg, A.J.M. [9552] Cameroon K003359354 Yes
[C. E. L. Brown] [s.n.] Sudan K003359387 Yes
Burnett, G.F. [48/3] Tanzania K003359466 Yes
Friis, I.; Aweke, G.; Rasmussen, F.; Vollesen, K.B. [2330] Ethiopia K003359394 Yes
Fay, J.M.; Ngaindiro, S.; Jules, F.; Raymond, S.; Remy, N. [s.n.] Central African Republic K003359348 Yes
Gillman, H. [P52] Tanzania K003359455 Yes
Schweinfurth, G. [1416] Sudan K003359384 Yes
Gérard, Ph. [564] Congo, Democratic Republic of the K003359368 Yes
Myers, J.G. [8487] Sudan K003359386 Yes
Merrett, L.; Bidgood, S.; Vollesen, K. [9806] Zambia K001516750 Yes
Semsei, S.R. [S1278] Tanzania K003359467 Yes
Malaisse, F. [13662] Congo, Democratic Republic of the K003359349 Yes
Devred, R. [2730] Congo, Republic of the K003359365 Yes
Ebba, T. [717] Ethiopia K003359405 Yes
Burtt, B.D. [730] Tanzania K003359475 Yes
Schmidt, H.H.; Gereau, R.E.; Kayombo, M.J.; Mwangoka, M.A. [1213] Tanzania K003359484 Yes
Gereau, R.E. [1205] Ethiopia K003359409 Yes
Cartwright, T. [9] Sudan K003359391 Yes
Pappi, A. [5485] Eritrea K003359400 Yes
Gérard, Ph. [3782] Congo, Democratic Republic of the K003359364 Yes
Hummel, L.C. [52] Ethiopia K003359395 Yes
Breteler, F.J. [1163] Cameroon K003359355 Yes
Mildbraed [9042] Cameroon K003359360 Yes
Chuwa, S. [3028] Tanzania K003359451 Yes
T.D.M. [1109] Cameroon K003359350 Yes
Leeuwenberg, A.J.M. [7539] Cameroon K003359357 Yes
Kilian, N.; Lobin, W. [s.n.] Somalia K003359404 Yes
Greenway, P.J. [2523] Tanzania K003359462 Yes
Lea, A. [LR26] Tanzania K003359469 Yes
Bullock, A.A. [2478] Tanzania K003359468 Yes
Ghesquiere [4302] Congo, Democratic Republic of the K003359363 Yes
Schweinfurth, G. [1505] K003359382 Yes
Japin, A.; [Miss. K. ae Kasai] [s.n.] Congo, Democratic Republic of the K003359377 Yes
Lewalle [4142] Burundi K003359374 Yes
Letouzey, R. [3967] Cameroon K003359359 Yes
Michelmore, A.P.G. [1095] Tanzania K003359470 Yes
Reekmans, M. [3982] Burundi K003359373 Yes
Fay, J.M. [2749] Central African Republic K003359343 Yes
[Mrs Zbrar] [9055] Cameroon K003359358 Yes
s.coll. [6734] Congo, Democratic Republic of the K003359376 Yes
de Wilde, W.J.J.O.; de Wilde-Duyfjes, B.E.E. [10790] Ethiopia K003359408 Yes
Lebrun, J.A. [2545] Congo, Democratic Republic of the K003359370 Yes
Gereau, R.E.; Harder, D.K.; Kayombo, M.J.; Mwangoka, M.A. [5004] Tanzania K003359459 Yes
Volkens, G. [1606] Tanzania K003359474 Yes
Davies, R.M. [D801] Tanzania K003359481 Yes
Maitland, T.D. [615] Cameroon K003359351 Yes
Greenway, P.J.; Kirrika [10959] Tanzania K003359454 Yes
s.coll. [4142] Burundi K003359372 Yes
Andrews, F.W. [1578] Sudan K:SPC-04938.000 No
Carmichael, W. [491] Tanzania K003359463 Yes
David [Anstey] [1] Tanzania K003359465 Yes
Chevalier, A.J.B. [7516] Chad K003359345 Yes
Brunt, M.A. [237] Cameroon K000105918 Yes
Smith, J. [11] Sudan K003359383 Yes
Gille, P. [240] Congo, Democratic Republic of the K003359367 Yes
Herlocker, D. [356] Tanzania K003359456 Yes
Bequaert, J. [2838] Congo, Democratic Republic of the K003359371 Yes
Wallace, G.B. [343] Tanzania K003359478 Yes
Lebrun, J.A. [2545] Congo, Democratic Republic of the K003359369 Yes
Cartwright, T. [9] Sudan K003359380 Yes
Deistel, H. [90] Cameroon K000094650 Yes
R. E. Perdue, Jr. [6343] Ethiopia K003359397 Yes
Toms, K.E. [107] Tanzania K003359483 Yes
de Wilde, W.J.J.O.; de Wilde-Duyfjes, B.E.E. [9947] Ethiopia K003359407 Yes
Ash [1365] Ethiopia K003359398 Yes
Hundessa, D. [12] Ethiopia K003359393 Yes
Pócs, T.; Chuwa, S. [89040/K] Tanzania K003359452 Yes
Ash [932] Ethiopia K003359401 Yes
Turner, L. [97] Sudan K003359389 Yes
Napper, D. [983] Tanzania K003359461 Yes
Conrads (Father) [492] Tanzania K003359464 Yes
Barter, C. [s.n.] Nigeria K003359353 Yes
Eggeling, W.J. [6065] Tanzania K003359477 Yes
Stolz, A. [443] Tanzania K003359480 Yes
Nishida, T. [9509] Tanzania K003359450 Yes
Greenway, P.J.; Kanuri [12034] Tanzania K003359458 Yes
Letouzey, R. [3567] Cameroon K003359362 Yes
Turner, L.; Busserie, R. [206] Sudan K003359390 Yes
s.coll. [FH241] Tanzania K003359471 Yes
Thulin, M. [6346] Somalia K003359403 Yes
Fay, J.M. [5336] Central African Republic K003359347 Yes
Andrews, F.W. [A1578] Sudan K003359388 Yes
[F. Zunita] [19] Central African Republic K003359346 Yes
de Wilde, W.J.J.O.; de Wilde-Duyfjes, B.E.E. [6663] Ethiopia K003359406 Yes
Burtt, B.D. [430] Tanzania K003359460 Yes
Mrs. H. E. Dingle [297] Tanzania K003359473 Yes
Chaffey; Thomerson [639] Ethiopia K003359396 Yes
de Saeger [93] Congo, Democratic Republic of the K003359379 Yes
Lisowski, S. [20991] Congo, Democratic Republic of the K003359378 Yes
Procter, J. [754] Tanzania K003359457 Yes
Jessel, V.F. [70] Tanzania K003359479 Yes
s.coll. [5236] Ethiopia K003359399 Yes
van der Ben, D. [1218] Congo, Democratic Republic of the K003359366 Yes
Tessmann, G. [2243] Cameroon K003359356 Yes
Kalbreger [s.n.] Cameroon K003359352 Yes
Richards, H.M. (Mrs) [20547] Tanzania K003359453 Yes
Semsei, S.R. [s.n.] Tanzania K003359476 Yes
[Mr Zrbraer] [9042] Cameroon K003359344 Yes
[Mr Zrbrner] [9055] Cameroon K003359361 Yes
Schweinfurth, G. [1456] K003359381 Yes
Friis, I.; Vollesen, K.B.; Abdisalam Sheikh Hassan [5054] Somalia K003359402 Yes
Lewis, F.W. [220] Tanzania K003359472 Yes
Herman [2056] Congo, Democratic Republic of the K003359375 Yes
Lane, D.A. [8] Sudan K003359385 Yes
Burger, W. [1967] Ethiopia K003359392 Yes
Frontier-Tanzania [2827] Tanzania K003359482 Yes

Sources

  • Angiosperm Extinction Risk Predictions v1

    • Angiosperm Threat Predictions
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

  • Flora Zambesiaca

    • Flora Zambesiaca
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Flora of Somalia

    • Flora of Somalia
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Flora of Tropical East Africa

    • Flora of Tropical East Africa
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Flora of West Tropical Africa

    • Flora of West Tropical Africa
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Herbarium Catalogue Specimens

    • 'The Herbarium Catalogue, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the Internet http://www.kew.org/herbcat [accessed on Day Month Year]'. Please enter the date on which you consulted the system.
    • Digital Image © Board of Trustees, RBG Kew http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

  • IUCN Categories

    • IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Kew Backbone Distributions

    • The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants 2025. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and https://powo.science.kew.org/
    • © Copyright 2023 World Checklist of Vascular Plants. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

  • Kew Names and Taxonomic Backbone

    • The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants 2025. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and https://powo.science.kew.org/
    • © Copyright 2023 International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

  • Plants and People Africa

    • Common Names from Plants and People Africa http://www.plantsandpeopleafrica.com/
    • © Plants and People Africa http://www.plantsandpeopleafrica.com http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/