Ceiba pentandra (L.) Gaertn.

Family: Malvaceae Juss.
- Genus: Ceiba Mill.
  - Ceiba pentandra (L.) Gaertn.

This species is accepted, and its native range is Mexico to Tropical America. It is used to treat unspecified medicinal disorders and as animal food and an ornamental plant.

[FSOM]

M. Thulin et al. Flora of Somalia, Vol. 1-4 [updated 2008] https://plants.jstor.org/collection/FLOS

Morphology General Habit: Tall tree with straight trunk and ± horizontal main branches; bark smooth, usually with scattered conical spines to 1.5 cm long; young branches glabrous or pubescent
Morphology Leaves: Leaves 5–9-foliolate; leaflets narrowly elliptic-obovate, entire, acuminate, 7–20 x 1.8–6.5 cm, glabrous; petiole 5.5–25 cm long, at the apex expanded into an almost circular disk
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers: Flowers often on leafless branches or present when the whole tree is leafless, in 1–15-flowered axillary clusters
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Calyx: Calyx 9–15 mm long, lobed, glabrous outside, pubescent inside
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Corolla: Petals pink or white, oblong, 2–3.5 cm long
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Androecium Stamens Filaments: Filament-tube 5–9 mm long; anthers coiled or reniform
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Gynoecium Ovary: Ovary glabrous or nearly so; style 2.5–3.3 cm long
Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits: Capsule ± woody, smooth, brown, oblong-ellipsoid, up to c. 26 x 11 cm
Morphology Reproductive morphology Seeds: Seeds subglobose, c. 6 mm across.
Distribution: S1–3; native in America and probably parts of Africa and SE Asia.
Vernacular: Geed suuf (Somali); kapok.

[FWTA]

Bombacaceae, Hutchinson and Dalziel. Flora of West Tropical Africa 1:2. 1958

Morphology General Habit: A tree, up to 200 ft. high, in forest and planted by villages
Morphology Trunk: Trunk with large buttresses
Morphology Branches: Branches in different forms without prickles or with obtuse or acutely pointed stout prickles, generally prickly in the young state
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers: Flowers white, appearing either when the whole tree is bare or on leafless branches
Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits: Fruits in some forms bursting on the tree, in others often falling
Morphology Reproductive morphology Seeds: Floss white or grey.

[FZ]

Bombacaceae, H. Wild. Flora Zambesiaca 1:2. 1961

Morphology General Habit: Tree up to 18 m. tall (often much taller outside our area) with horizontally branched crown and very straight trunk; bark pale grey, smooth, with scattered conical spines 1–1·5 cm. long, at least when young.
Morphology Leaves: Leaves 5–9-foliolate (usually 7, very rarely more than 9); petiole up to c. 15 cm. long, glabrous; leaflet-lamina articulated to a ± suborbicular disk at the apex of the petiole, up to 16 × 6·5 cm., narrowly elliptic or oblanceolate-elliptic, acuminate at the apex, cuneate at the base, margin undulate or rarely obscurely toothed near the apex, slightly paler below, glabrous on both sides, with 7–10 pairs of nerves slightly raised above, scarcely raised below, looping within the margin; petiolules up to 0·8 cm. long.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers: Flowers in axillary fascicles of 1–3; peduncle 2–3 cm. long, glabrous.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Calyx: Calyx c. 1·5 × 1·2 cm., campanulate, lobed i- of the way down with rounded lobes, glabrous outside, pubescent within.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Corolla: Petals rose-coloured or white, c. 3·5 × 0·7 cm., oblong-spathulate, rounded at the apex, tomentose outside, glabrous within.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Androecium Stamens: Staminal tube c. 5 mm. long; phalanges of 2–3 filaments c. 2 cm. long.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Gynoecium Pistil: Ovary glabrous or nearly so; style c. 3·3 cm. long.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits: Capsule c. 8–20 × 4–11 cm., oblong-ellipsoid, valves smooth, brown, the whole filled with a copious whitish silky wool.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Seeds: Seeds many, c. 6 mm. in diam., dark brown, subglobose.

[UPB]

The Useful Plants of Boyacá project

Ecology: Alt. 0 - 2000 m.
Distribution: Native and cultivated in Colombia.
Conservation: Not Evaluated.
Morphology General Habit: Tree.

[FTEA]

Bombacaceae, H. Beentje (East African Herbarium). Flora of Tropical East Africa. 1989

Morphology General Habit: Tree to 35(-50) m., with very straight trunk; main branches at right-angles to the trunk; crown layered in young trees; bole buttressed; bark smooth, in Flora area usually with scattered conical spines 1-1.5 cm. long.
Morphology Branches: Young branches glabrous or pubescent; older branches often spiny.
Morphology Leaves: Leaves 5-9-foliolate; stipules quickly caducous, leaving a large scar; petiole 5.5-25 cm. long, glabrous or sparsely pubescent in young leaves, pulvinate at the base, at the apex expanded into an almost circular disk; leaflets narrowly elliptic or narrowly obovate, 7-20 cm. long, 1.8-6.5 cm. wide, acuminate at the apex, cuneate at the base, undulate at the margin, or rarely obscurely toothed near the apex in young leaves, glabrous; secondary veins in 14-20 pairs; petiolules 1-10 mm. long.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers: Flowers often on leafless branches, or sometimes present when the whole tree is leafless; inflorescence axillary, fasciculate, 1-15-flowered; pedicels 1.8-4.4 cm. long, glabrous, with scars of the caducous bracteoles.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Calyx: Calyx campanulate, 9-15 mm. long, 11-14 mm. wide, lobed for about one-fifth of its length, the lobes rounded or subacute, glabrous outside and pubescent inside.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Corolla: Petals pink or white, oblong to spathulate, 2-3.5 cm. long, 0.7-1.5 cm. wide, apex rounded or subacute, tomentose outside and glabrous inside.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Androecium Stamens: Filament-tube 5-9 mm. long, the 5 bundles 15-35 mm. long; anthers coiled or reniform, 3-5 mm. across.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Gynoecium Pistil: Ovary semi-inferior, 3-5 mm. high, 3-6 mm. across, glabrous or nearly so; style 25-33 mm. long, glabrous.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits: Capsule at least somewhat woody, loculicidal, smooth-valved, brown, oblong-ellipsoid, 8-26(-60 according to Fl. Cameroun) cm. long, 4-11 cm. across, with a persistent calyx.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Seeds: Seeds many, subglobose, ± 6 mm. across, dark brown, embedded in copious white or greyish silky wool.
Figures: Fig. 4.
Habitat: Closed moist forest, also riverine or lacustrine; 840-1200 m.
Distribution: T1 U2 tropical America, Africa (see note) and SE. Asiaalso widely cultivated

[UNAL]

Vernacular: Balso, Bonga, Bongo, Ceiba, Ceiba bonga, Ceiba de lana, Ceibo, Chivecha, Cumaca, Jabillo, Lano, Toborachi, Yuque

[CPLC]

Bernal, R., Gradstein, S.R. & Celis, M. (eds.). 2015. Catálogo de plantas y líquenes de Colombia. Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá. http://catalogoplantasdecolombia.unal.edu.co

Distribution: Nativa y cultivada en Colombia; Alt. 0 - 2000 m.; Amazonia, Andes, Guayana y Serranía de La Macarena, Islas Caribeñas, Llanura del Caribe, Orinoquia, Pacífico, Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, Valle del Cauca, Valle del Magdalena.
Morphology General Habit: Árbol
Conservation: No Evaluada

[FSOM]

Use: Cultivated for its kapok (the hairs of the carpel walls, used in stuffing mattresses etc.)

[UPB]

Use Animal Food: Eaten by animals (Carvajal et al. 2014).
Use Environmental Ornamentals: Live plant (in situ) - Ornamental (Carvajal et al. 2014).
Use Materials Wood: Used for planks (Carvajal et al. 2014). Used for furniture (López-Camacho et al 2016).
Use Materials Unspecified Materials Chemicals: Materials (State of the World's Plants 2016).
Use Medicines Unspecified Medicinal Disorders: Medicinal (Instituto Humboldt 2014).

Ceiba pentandra (Malvaceae (Bombacoideae))

Ceiba pentandra seed section. Folded type embryo

A specimen from Kew's microscope slide collection - whole slide. Image ref: KMIC001410_2020.02.05_preview.tiff

A specimen from Kew's microscope slide collection - pollen grains. Image ref: KMIC001410_2020.01.09_5x.tif

Native to:

Bahamas, Belize, Bolivia, Brazil North, Brazil Northeast, Brazil West-Central, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, French Guiana, Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Leeward Is., Mexico Central, Mexico Gulf, Mexico Northeast, Mexico Northwest, Mexico Southeast, Mexico Southwest, Netherlands Antilles, Nicaragua, Panamá, Peru, Puerto Rico, Southwest Caribbean, Suriname, Trinidad-Tobago, Venezuela, Venezuelan Antilles, Windward Is.

Introduced into:

Andaman Is., Angola, Assam, Bangladesh, Benin, Burkina, Burundi, Cabinda, Cambodia, Cameroon, Caroline Is., Central African Repu, Chad, Chagos Archipelago, China South-Central, China Southeast, Comoros, Congo, Cook Is., Eritrea, Ethiopia, Fiji, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Gulf of Guinea Is., India, Ivory Coast, Laos, Lesser Sunda Is., Liberia, Malawi, Mali, Marianas, Marquesas, Marshall Is., Mozambique, Nauru, Nicobar Is., Niger, Nigeria, Niue, Samoa, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Society Is., Somalia, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Sulawesi, Tanzania, Thailand, Tonga, Tuamotu, Tubuai Is., Uganda, Vietnam, Yemen, Zambia, Zaïre

Spanish: Ceiba, bonga, ceiba bonga, ceiba bruja, bongo, chivecha, ceibo, cumaca, toborachi, balso, bonga, ceiba de lana, lano, yuque, jabillo.

Ceiba pentandra (L.) Gaertn. appears in other Kew resources:

IPNI - The International Plant Names Index

Date	Reference	Barcode
Jan 1, 2009	Gómez Chalaga, B. [894], Mexico	K001259003
Jan 1, 2009	Sasaki, D. [2527], Mato Grosso	K000579741
Jun 1, 2008	Jones, B.L. [243], Sabah	K000224951
Jan 1, 2008	Ibarra M., G. [5975], Mexico	K001259001
Jan 1, 2008	Ibarra M., G. [5975], Mexico	K001259002
Jan 2, 2006	Barbon et al. [1863], Philippines	K000223738
Oct 1, 2005	Cheek, M. [11067], Cameroon	K000337780
Oct 1, 2005	Etuge, M. [5215], Cameroon	K000337781
Oct 1, 2005	Etuge, M. [5215], Cameroon	K000338423
Jul 28, 1993	Daramola, B.O. [206], Nigeria	K000211505
Jul 28, 1993	Daramola, B.O. [206], Nigeria	K000211504
Jul 28, 1993	Daramola, B.O. [206], Nigeria	K000211507
Jan 1, 1985	Bullock, S.H. [1550], Mexico	K000724037
Jan 1, 1985	Bullock, S.H. [1550], Mexico	K000724038
Jan 1, 1966	Morton [3675], Sierra Leone	K000211492
	Milne-Redhead, E. [5019], Nigeria	15359.000
	McWinter, J. [42], Madagascar	31901.000
	McWinter, J.H. [42], Madagascar	32135.000
	Milliken, W. [M.819], Brazil	54107.000
	Harris, D.J. [334], Central African Republic	55586.000
	Gartlan, J.S. [6], Cameroon	6049.051
	Mori, S. [19244], Ghana	K000211499
	Pennington, T.D. [9527], Mexico	K000724034
	Batten-Poole, W.H. [231], Nigeria	K000211506
	Welwitsch [5408], Angola	K001259227
	Foster, E.W. [372], Nigeria	K000211513
	Mildbraed, G. W. J. [10552], Cameroon	K000095000
	Simá, P. [1974], Mexico	K000724035
	Chapman, H.M. [3807], Nigeria	K000211503
	Davey, J.T. [45], Mali	K000211490
	Hinds [1841], Mexico	K000724031
	Palmer, E. [603], Mexico	K000724028
	Espirito Santo, J. [1730], Guinea-Bissau	K000211489
	Darko, K.O. [2045], Ghana	K000211496
	Vigne, C. [3469], Ghana	K000211510
	Chevalier, A.J.B. [23689], Benin	K000211516
	Kersting [710], Togo	K000211501
	Attafuah, A. [5107], Ghana	K000211498
	Palmer, E. [603], Mexico	K000724029
	Irvine, F.R. [1832], Ghana	K000211512
	Foster, E.W. [372], Nigeria	K000211514
	Pennington, T.D. [9461], Mexico	K000724033
	Welwitsch [5404], Angola	K001259230
	Rosevear, D. R. [80/37], Cameroon	K000105003
	Baldwin, J.T. Jr. [10659], Liberia	K000211493
	Rose, J.N. [1887], Mexico	K000724032
	Palmer, E. [103], Mexico	K000724030
	Frith, A.C. [162], Gambia	K000211508
	Wit, H.C.D. de [7918], Côte d'Ivoire	K000211494
	Vigne, C. [1539], Ghana	K000211497
	s.coll. [s.n.], Mexico	K000724036
	Irvine, F.R. [1832], Ghana	K000211511
	Chevalier, A.J.B. [23687], Benin	K000211517
	Kersting [713], Togo	K000211502
	Kersting [709], Togo	K000211500
	Welwitsch [5406], Angola	K001259229
	Unwin, A.H. [21], Nigeria	K000211515
	Welwitsch [5405], Angola	K001259228
	Gartlan, J.S. [6], Cameroon	K000105004
	Latilo, M.G. [34404], Nigeria	K000211509
	Deighton, F.C. [3615], Sierra Leone	K000211491
	Lowe, J. [s.n.], Cape Verde	K000211488

First published in Fruct. Sem. Pl. 2: 244 (1791)

Accepted by

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Literature

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Useful Plants of Boyacá Project

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Flora of West Tropical Africa

Aubrév. Fl. For. C. Iv. 2: 228, t. 216
Bakhuizen in Bull. Jard. Bot. Buitenz., sér. 3, 6: 194 (q.v. for synonymy)
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Fruct. 2: 244, t. 133, fig. 1 (1791)

Kew Backbone Distributions

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Balick, M. J., M. H. Nee & D.E. Atha (2000). Checklist of the vascular plants of Belize Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden 85: 1-246.
Barooah, C. & Ahmed, I. (2014). Plant diversity of Assam. A checklist of Angiosperms and Gymnosperms: 1-599. Assam science technology and environment council, India.
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Boggan, J. Funck, V. & Kelloff, C. (1997). Checklist of the Plants of the Guianas (Guyana, Surinam, Franch Guiana) ed. 2: 1-238. University of Guyana, Georgetown.
Boudet, G., Lebrun, J.P. & Demange, R. (1986). Catalogue des plantes vasculaires du Mali: 1-465. Etudes d'Elevage et de Médecine Vétérinaire des Pays Tropicaux.
Brako, L. & Zarucchi, J.L. (1993). Catalogue of the Flowering Plants and Gymnosperms of Peru Monographs in Systematic Botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden 45: i-xl, 1-1286. Missouri Botanical Garden.
Catarino, L., Martins, E.S., Diniz, M.A. & Pinto-Basto, M.F. (2006). Check-list da flora vascular do parque natural das Lagos de Cufada (Guiné-Bissau) Garcia de Orta, Série de Botânica 17: 97-141.
Correa A., Mireya D. Galdames, Carmen Correa A., M. D., C. Galdames & M. S. de Stapf (2004). Catálogo de las Plantas Vasculares de Panamá: 1-599. Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute.
Darbyshire, I., Kordofani, M., Farag, I., Candiga, R. & Pickering, H. (eds.) (2015). The Plants of Sudan and South Sudan: 1-400. Kew publishing, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
Dassanayake (ed.) (1980). A Revised Handbook to the Flora of Ceylon 1: 1-508. Oxford & IBH Publishing Co. PVT. LTD., New Delhi, Calcutta.
Dy Phon, P. (2000). Dictionnaire des plantes utilisées au Cambodge: 1-915. chez l'auteur, Phnom Penh, Cambodia.
Edwards, S., Tadesse, M. & Hedberg, I. (eds.) (1995). Flora of Ethiopia and Eritrea 2(2): 1-456. The National Herbarium, Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia & The Department of Systematic Botany, Upps.
Exell, A.W. & Wild, H. (eds.) (1961). Flora Zambesiaca 1(2): 337-581. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
Figueiredo, E. & Smith, G.F. (2008). Plants of Angola Strelitzia 22: 1-279. National Botanical Institute, Pretoria.
Figueiredo, E., Paiva, J., Stévart, T., Oliveira, F. & Smith, G.F. (2011). Annotated catalogue of the flowering plants of São Tomé and Príncipe Bothalia, A Journal of Botanical Research 41: 41-82.
Fosberg, F.R., Sachet, M.-H., Oliver, R. (1979). A geographical checklist of the Micronesian Dicotyledonae Micronesica; Journal of the College of Guam 15: 41-295.
Girmansyah, D. & al. (eds.) (2013). Flora of Bali an annotated checklist: 1-158. Herbarium Bogorensis, Indonesia.
Gonzalez, F., Nelson Diaz, J. & Lowry, P. (1995). Flora Illustrada de San Andrés y Providencia: 1-281. Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Colombia.
Hutchinson, J., Dalziel, J.M. & Keay, R.W.J. (1954-1958). Flora of West Tropical Africa, ed. 2, 1: 1-828.
Jones, M. (1991). A checklist of Gambian plants: 1-33. Michael Jones, The Gambia College.
Jongkind, C. (2014). Fauna & Flora of Liberia, flowering plant species list www.liberianfaunaflora.org.
Jørgensen, P.M. & León-Yánez, S. (eds.) (1999). Catalogue of the Vascular Plants of Ecuador Monographs in Systematic Botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden 75: i-viii, 1-1181. Missouri Botanical Garden.
Kalema, J. & Beentje, H. (2012). Conservation checklist of the trees of Uganda: 1-235. Kew Publishing, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
Lebrun, J.-P., Audru, J., Gaston, A. & Mosnier, M. (1972). Catalogue des Plantes Vasculaires du Tchad Méridional: 1-289. Institut d' Elevage et de Médecine Vétérinaire des Pays Tropicaux, Maisons Alfort.
Lebrun, J.p., Toutain, B., Gaston, A. & Boudet, G. (1991). Catalogue des Plantes Vasculaires du Burkina Faso: 1-341. Institut d' Elevage et de Médecine Vétérinaire des Pays Tropicaux, Maisons Alfort.
Lisowski, S. (2009). Flore (Angiospermes) de la République de Guinée Scripta Botanica Belgica 41: 1-517.
Lê, T.C. (2003). Danh l?c các loài th?c v?t Vi?t Nam 2: 1-1203. Hà N?i : Nhà xu?t b?n Nông nghi?p.
Newman, M., Ketphanh, S., Svengsuksa, B., Thomas, P., Sengdala, K., Lamxay, V. & Armstrong, K. (2007). A checklist of the vascular plants of Lao PDR: 1-394. Royal Botanic Gardens, Edinburgh.
Onana, J.M. (2011). The vascular plants of Cameroon a taxonomic checklist with IUCN assessments: 1-195. National herbarium of Cameroon, Yaoundé.
Pandey, R.P. & Dilwakar, P.G. (2008). An integrated check-list flora of Andaman and Nicobar islands, India Journal of Economic and Taxonomic Botany 32: 403-500.
Peyre de Fabregues, B. & Lebrun, J.-P. (1976). Catalogue des Plantes Vascularies du Niger: 1-433. Institut d' Elevage et de Médecine Vétérinaire des Pays Tropicaux, Maisons Alfort.
Robyns, W. & al. (eds.) (1948-1963). Flore du Congo Belge et du Ruanda-Urundi 1-10.
Sheppard, C.R.C. & Seaward, M.R.D. (eds.) (1999). Ecology of the Chagos archipelago: 1-350. Westbury Academic & Scientific Publishing, Otley.
Sita, P. & Moutsambote, J.-M. (2005). Catalogue des plantes vasculaires du Congo, ed. sept. 2005: 1-158. ORSTOM, Centre de Brazzaville.
Thaman, R.R., Fosberg, F.R., Manner, H.I. & Hassall, D.C. (1994). The Flora of Nauru Atoll Research Bulletin 392: 1-223.
Thulin, M. (ed.) in Thulin, M. (ed.) (1999). Flora of Somalia 2: 1-303. The Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
Villaseñor, J.L. (2016). Checklist of the native vascular plants of Mexico Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad 87: 559-902.
Wood, J.R.I. (1997). A handbook of the Yemen Flora: 1-434. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
Wu, Z., Raven, P.H. & Hong, D. (eds.) (2007). Flora of China 12: 1-534. Science Press (Beijing) & Missouri Botanical Garden Press (St. Louis).
Yuncker, T.G. (1959). Plants of Tonga Bernice P. Bishop Museum Bulletin 220: 1-283.

Flora of Somalia

Flora Somalia, Vol 2, (1999) Author: by M. Thulin [updated by M. Thulin 2008]

Flora of Tropical East Africa

F. White, Forest Flora of Northern Rhodesia p. 243 (1962).
Gaertner, Fruct. & Sem. 2: 244, t. 133 (1791).
J.-F. Villiers in Fl. Gabon 22: 36, t. 10 (1973)
J.-F. Villiers, Fl. Cameroun 19: 76, t. 21 (1975).
J.P.M. Brenan, Check-lists of the Forest Trees and Shrubs of the British Empire no. 5, part II, Tanganyika Territory p. 75 (1949).
Keay, Flora of West Tropical Africa, ed. 2, 1: 335 (1958).
Robyns in Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 51: 48 (1964).
Robyns in Flore du Congo Belge et du Ruanda-Urundi, 10: 204 (1963)
Wild & Gonçalves in Fl. Moçamb. 26:10, t. 1B (1979).
Wild in Flora Zambesiaca 1: 516, t. 97B (1961).

Universidad Nacional de Colombia

Bernal, R., G. Galeano, A. Rodríguez, H. Sarmiento y M. Gutiérrez. (2017). Nombres Comunes de las Plantas de Colombia. http://www.biovirtual.unal.edu.co/nombrescomunes/
Instituto de Investigación de Recursos Biológicos Alexander von Humboldt. (2014). Plantas alimenticias y medicinales nativas de Colombia. 2567 registros, aportados por: Castellanos, C. (Contacto del recurso), Valderrama, N. (Creador del recurso, Autor), Bernal, Y. (Autor), García, N. (Autor). http://i2d.humboldt.org.co/ceiba/resource.do?r=ls_colombia_magnoliophyta_2014

Catálogo de Plantas y Líquenes de Colombia
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

Colombian resources for Plants made Accessible
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

Flora Zambesiaca
Flora Zambesiaca
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

Flora of Somalia
Flora of Somalia
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

Flora of Tropical East Africa
Flora of Tropical East Africa
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

Flora of West Tropical Africa
Flora of West Tropical Africa
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

Kew Backbone Distributions
The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families 2021. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/
© Copyright 2017 World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

Kew Names and Taxonomic Backbone
The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families 2021. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/
© Copyright 2017 International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

Neotropikey
Milliken, W., Klitgard, B. and Baracat, A. (2009 onwards), Neotropikey - Interactive key and information resources for flowering plants of the Neotropics.
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

Universidad Nacional de Colombia
ColPlantA database
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Useful Plants of Boyacá Project
ColPlantA database
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

Wood Anatomy Microscope Slides
Digital Image © Board of Trustees, RBG Kew http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/

Descriptions

According to Flora of Somalia

According to Flora of West Tropical Africa

According to Flora Zambesiaca

According to Useful Plants of Boyacá Project

According to Flora of Tropical East Africa

According to Universidad Nacional de Colombia

According to Catálogo de Plantas y Líquenes de Colombia

Uses

According to Flora of Somalia

According to Useful Plants of Boyacá Project

Images

Distribution