Family:
Poaceae Barnhart
Genus:
Eragrostis Wolf

Eragrostis curvula (Schrad.) Nees

This species is accepted, and its native range is Cameroon to Eritrea and S. Africa. It is used as animal food and a medicine, has environmental uses and for food.

[UNAL]

Bernal, R., G. Galeano, A. Rodríguez, H. Sarmiento y M. Gutiérrez. 2017. Nombres Comunes de las Plantas de Colombia. http://www.biovirtual.unal.edu.co/nombrescomunes/

Vernacular
pasto llorón

[FTEA]

Gramineae, W. D. Clayton, S. M. Phillips & S. A. Renvoize. Flora of Tropical East Africa. 1974

Morphology General Habit
Densely tufted perennial; basal leaf-sheaths strongly striate with the nerves forming prominent ridges, often hard and yellowish, appressed silky hairy below; culms 30–120 cm. high, slender or robust, usually erect.
Morphology Leaves
Leaf-blades narrow, up to ± 30 cm. long, 3 mm. wide, usually rolled or filiform.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences
Panicle very variable, loose and spreading to narrow and contracted, 6–30 cm. long, the lowest branches often whorled and hairy in the axils.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences Spikelets
Spikelets 4–13-flowered, linear, 4–10 mm. long, 1–1.5 mm. wide, grey-green, breaking up from the base, the rhachilla persistent below but fragile above; lower glume lanceolate, 1–1.8 mm. long, 1/3-3/4 as long as the lowest floret; upper glume narrowly ovate, 1.5–2.2 mm. long; lemmas ovate-elliptic, 1.8–2.6 mm. long, appressed to the rhachilla; palea smooth or minutely scaberulous on the keels, persistent; anthers 3, 0.8–1.1 mm. long.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits
Caryopsis ellipsoid, 0.7 mm. long.
Habitat
A South African species widely employed as a forage and ground-cover plant; occasionally found as an escape; ± 1000–1800 m.
Distribution
K3 K4 K5 K6 T7 southwards to South Africaintroduced throughout the tropics

[FZ]

Gramineae, T. Cope. Flora Zambesiaca 10:2. 1999

Morphology General Habit
Densely caespitose perennial without rhizomes or stolons; culms up to 120 cm tall, slender or stout, firm or spongy, usually erect, sometimes ascending, usually unbranched, rarely branched, glabrous at the nodes, the internodes glabrous or pilose, eglandular; basal leaf sheaths silky-pilose below, coriaceous and hard, the nerves forming close, prominent ridges, terete, eglandular, persistent; ligule a line of hairs; leaf laminas 10–30 cm × 1–3(10) mm, linear to broadly linear, flat or involute, sometimes filiform, straight or flexuous, glabrous to pilose, eglandular.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences
Panicle 6–30 cm long, ovate and loose and spreading to narrow and contracted, the spikelets evenly distributed on pedicels 0.5–4 mm long, the primary branches in whorls below or not, terminating in a fertile spikelet, glabrous or pilose in the axils, eglandular.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences Spikelets
Spikelets 4–10 × 1–1.5 mm, linear to narrowly oblong, laterally compressed, 4–13-flowered, the lemmas disarticulating from below upwards, the rhachilla persistent, sometimes fragile above; glumes unequal, keeled, glabrous, acute at the apex, the inferior 1–1.8 mm long, reaching to between 2/3 and 4/5 the way along the adjacent lemma, narrowly lanceolate in profile, the superior 1.5–2.5 mm long, reaching to between 1/2 and 3/4 the way along the adjacent lemma, lanceolate in profile; lemmas 1.4–2.6 mm long, keeled, narrowly ovate-elliptic in profile, membranous with indistinct lateral nerves, appressed to the rhachilla, those in opposite rows not overlapping, the rhachilla visible between them, greyish-green, minutely scaberulous, subacute at the apex; palea persistent, glabrous on the flanks, the keels slender, wingless, smooth and glabrous or scaberulous; anthers 3, 0.8–1.1 mm long.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits
Caryopsis 0.7–1 mm long, elliptic.

[GB]
Morphology General Habit
Perennial; caespitose. Butt sheaths coriaceous; yellow; distinctly ribbed; pubescent. Culms erect; 30-120 cm long. Ligule a fringe of hairs. Leaf-blades filiform, or linear; flat, or convolute; 10-30 cm long; 1-3 mm wide.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences
Inflorescence a panicle. Panicle open, or contracted; lanceolate, or ovate; 6-30 cm long. Primary panicle branches not whorled, or whorled at lower nodes. Panicle branches glabrous in axils, or pubescent in axils. Spikelets solitary. Fertile spikelets pedicelled.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences Spikelets
Spikelets comprising 4-13 fertile florets; with diminished florets at the apex. Spikelets linear; laterally compressed; 4-10 mm long; 1-1.5 mm wide; breaking up at maturity; rhachilla persistent; retaining paleas; tough throughout, or fragile above; with the distal florets disarticulating separately, or disarticulating into irregular segments.
Fertile
Spikelets comprising 4-13 fertile florets; with diminished florets at the apex. Spikelets linear; laterally compressed; 4-10 mm long; 1-1.5 mm wide; breaking up at maturity; rhachilla persistent; retaining paleas; tough throughout, or fragile above; with the distal florets disarticulating separately, or disarticulating into irregular segments.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences Bracts Glume
Glumes deciduous; similar; shorter than spikelet. Lower glume lanceolate; 1-1.8 mm long; 0.6-0.8 length of upper glume; 1-keeled; 1 -veined. Lower glume lateral veins absent. Lower glume apex acute. Upper glume ovate; 1.5-2.2 mm long; 0.8 length of adjacent fertile lemma; 1-keeled; 1 -veined. Upper glume lateral veins absent. Upper glume apex acute.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Florets
Fertile florets appressed to rhachilla. Fertile lemma elliptic, or ovate; 1.8-2.6 mm long; membranous; grey; keeled; 3 -veined. Lemma apex obtuse, or acute. Palea keels smooth, or scaberulous. Apical sterile florets resembling fertile though underdeveloped.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers
Anthers 3; 0.8-1.1 mm long.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits
Caryopsis with adherent pericarp; ellipsoid; 0.7 mm long.
Distribution
Africa: Macaronesia, west tropical, west-central tropical, northeast tropical, east tropical, southern tropical, south, and western Indian ocean. Asia-temperate: Soviet Middle Asia, Caucasus, western Asia, Arabia, China, and eastern Asia. Asia-tropical: India, Indo-China, Malesia, and Papuasia. Australasia: Australia and New Zealand. Pacific: north-central. North America: southwest USA, south-central USA, southeast USA, and Mexico. South America: Mesoamericana, Brazil, and southern South America.
Reference
Eragrostideae. FTEA.

[UPFC]
Distribution
Biogeografic region: Andean. Elevation range: 500–2500 m a.s.l. Cultivated in Colombia. Naturalised in Colombia. Colombian departments: Antioquia, Valle del Cauca.
Habit
Herb.

[CPLC]

Bernal, R., Gradstein, S.R. & Celis, M. (eds.). 2015. Catálogo de plantas y líquenes de Colombia. Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá. http://catalogoplantasdecolombia.unal.edu.co

Distribution
Cultivada en Colombia; Alt. 500 - 2500 m.; Andes, Valle del Cauca.
Morphology General Habit
Hierba

[UPFC]
Use Animal Food
Used as animal food.
Use Environmental
Environmental uses.
Use Gene Sources
Used as gene sources.
Use Food
Used for food.
Use Medicines
Medical uses.

Doubtfully present in:

Cyprus

Native to:

Angola, Botswana, Burundi, Cameroon, Cape Provinces, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Free State, Kenya, KwaZulu-Natal, Lesotho, Malawi, Mozambique, Namibia, Northern Provinces, Swaziland, Tanzania, Zambia, Zaïre, Zimbabwe

Introduced into:

Alabama, Argentina Northeast, Argentina Northwest, Arizona, Arkansas, Austria, Belgium, Bolivia, Brazil North, Brazil Northeast, Brazil South, Brazil Southeast, Brazil West-Central, California, Cayman Is., Chile Central, Chile South, China South-Central, China Southeast, Colombia, Colorado, Costa Rica, Cyprus, Czechoslovakia, Delaware, Florida, France, Georgia, Germany, Great Britain, Greece, Hawaii, Honduras, Illinois, Iran, Italy, Jawa, Kansas, Kentucky, Korea, Louisiana, Madagascar, Madeira, Maryland, Massachusetts, Mauritius, Mexico Central, Mexico Northeast, Mexico Northwest, Mexico Southwest, Mississippi, Missouri, Morocco, Myanmar, New Guinea, New Jersey, New Mexico, New South Wales, New York, New Zealand North, New Zealand South, North Carolina, Northern Territory, Ogasawara-shoto, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, Pakistan, Pennsylvania, Peru, Philippines, Portugal, Puerto Rico, Queensland, Réunion, Saudi Arabia, South Australia, South Carolina, Spain, St.Helena, Switzerland, Taiwan, Tasmania, Tennessee, Texas, Transcaucasus, Turkey, Uruguay, Utah, Victoria, Virginia, Washington, West Himalaya, West Virginia, Western Australia, Xinjiang, Yemen, Yugoslavia

Eragrostis curvula (Schrad.) Nees appears in other Kew resources:

Date Reference Identified As Barcode Type Status
May 18, 1985 Bolivia K001467510
Sep 1, 1973 Klein, R.M. [10792], Brazil K001075246
Baur, R. Rev. [72], Cape Province K000365800 syntype
Nelson [89x], Transvaal K000365801 syntype
Bowker [153], South Africa K000365802 syntype
Galpin, E.E. [2354], South Africa K000365803 syntype
Medley Wood, J. [7221], KwaZulu-Natal K000365804 syntype
Rehmann [5697], Transvaal K000365805 syntype
Drege [s.n.], South Africa K000365806 syntype
Drege? [s.n.], South Africa K000365807
Drege [s.n.], Cape Province K000365809 syntype
Rehmann [7134], KwaZulu-Natal K000365810 syntype
Drege [s.n.], Cape Province K000365811 syntype
Rehmann, A. [7130], KwaZulu-Natal K000365812 syntype
Rehmann, A. [5689], Transvaal K000365813 syntype
Buchanan [248], KwaZulu-Natal K000365816 Unknown type material
Drege [s.n.], Cape Province K000365820 syntype
Drege [s.n.], South Africa K000365821 syntype
Mund: Maire [s.n], Cape Province K000365822 syntype
Ecklon [452], Cape Province K000365824 syntype
Bowker [148], Cape Province K000365823 syntype
Harvey [100], Cape Province K000365825 syntype
Burchell [1612-11], Cape Province K000365828
Thom [350 (850350 (850?)], Cape Province K000365829 Unknown type material
Buchanan [141], Lesotho K000365830 Unknown type material
Kuntze, O. [s.n.], South Africa K000365831 Unknown type material
Kuntze, O. [s.n.], Free State K000365832 Unknown type material
Kuntze, O. [s.n.], Cape Province K000365833 Unknown type material
Ecklon [952], Cape Province K000365834 Unknown type material
Buchanan [93], KwaZulu-Natal K000365835 Unknown type material
Harvey [289], Cape Province K000365836 Unknown type material
Drege [s.n.], Cape Province K000365837 Unknown type material
Drege [s.n.], Cape Province K000365838
Ecklon [950], Cape Province K000365839 Unknown type material
Drege [s.n.], Cape Province K000365840 Unknown type material
Drege [s.n.], Cape Province K000365841 Unknown type material
Medley Wood, J. [5940], KwaZulu-Natal K000365842 Unknown type material
MacOwan [2191], South Africa K000365843 Unknown type material
Wewitsch [2645], Angola K000366325 Unknown type material
Wewitsch [2655], Angola K000366326 Unknown type material
Wewitsch [2672], Angola K000366327 Unknown type material
Hobbs [655], Zimbabwe K000366328 Unknown type material
Gardner [42], Zimbabwe K000366329 Unknown type material
Schweinfurth [75], Eritrea K000366456 Unknown type material
Cordeiro, J. [164], Brazil K001075240
Lima, J.M. [430], Brazil K001075245
Klein, R.M. [12112], Brazil K001075244
Burchell [2606], Botswana K000365827 Unknown type material
Clayton, W.D. [4908], Brazil K001075242
Zeyher [1806], Cape Province K000365826 Unknown type material
Kummrow, R. [2040], Brazil K001075243
Cooper, T. [3348], Free State K000365808 syntype
Hatschbach, G. [48824], Brazil K001075241
Blair, I.J. [590], Peru K001467507
Bolivia K001467508
Bolivia K001467509
Bolivia K001467511
Bolivia K001467512
Bolivia K001467513
Bolivia K001467514
Jan 1, 1933 Buchanan [249a], KwaZulu-Natal Eragrostis robusta K000365817 Unknown type material
Buchanan [249], KwaZulu-Natal Eragrostis robusta K000365815 Unknown type material
Buchanan [78], KwaZulu-Natal Eragrostis robusta K000365818 Unknown type material
Buchanan [250], KwaZulu-Natal Eragrostis robusta K000365819 Unknown type material

First published in Fl. Afr. Austral. Ill.: 397 (1841)

Accepted by

  • Acevedo-Rodríguez, P. & Strong, M.T. (2012). Catalogue of seed plants of the West Indies Smithsonian Contributions to Botany 98: 1-1192.
  • Bor, N.L. (1970). Flora Iranica 70: 1-573. Naturhistorisches Museums Wien.
  • Bosser, J. & Renvoize, S.A. (2018). Flore des Mascareignes 203: 1-276. IRD Éditions, MSIRI, RBG-Kew, Paris.
  • Bosser, J. (1969). Gramiées des pasturages et des cultures a Madagascar: 1-440. ORSTOM, Paris.
  • Brako, L. & Zarucchi, J.L. (1993). Catalogue of the Flowering Plants and Gymnosperms of Peru Monographs in Systematic Botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden 45: i-xl, 1-1286. Missouri Botanical Garden.
  • Chang, C.S., Kim, H. & Chang, K.S. (2014). Provisional checklist of vascular plants for the Korea peninsula flora (KPF): 1-660. DESIGNPOST.
  • Clayton, W.D. & Snow, N. (2010). A key to Pacific Grasses: 1-107. Kew Publishing, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  • Clayton, W.D., Harman, K.T. & Williamson, H. (2006). World Grass Species - Synonymy database The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  • Clayton, W.D., Phillips, S.M., Renvoize, S.A. (1974). Gramineae Flora of Tropical East Africa 2: 177-449.
  • Cope, T. (1999). Flora Zambesiaca 10(2): 1-261. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  • Cope, T.A. (1982). Flora of Pakistan 143: 1-678. Department of Botany, University of Karachi, Karachi.
  • Cope, T.A., Knees, S.G. & Miller, A.G. (2007). Flora of the Arabian peninsula and Socotra 5(1): 1-387. Edinburgh University Press.
  • Damanakis, M. & Scholz, H. (1990). Phytogeographical notes on the Poaceae of Greece Willdenowia 19: 413-423.
  • Davidse, G. & al. (eds.) (1994). Flora Mesoamericana 6: 1-543. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México, D.F.
  • Davis, P.H. (ed.) (1985). Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands 9: 1-724. Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh.
  • Dobignard, D. & Chatelain, C. (2010). Index synonymique de la flore d'Afrique du nord 1: 1-455. Éditions des conservatoire et jardin botaniques, Genève.
  • Dávila, P., Mejia-Saulés, M.T., Gómez-Sánchez, N., Valdés-Reyna, J., Ortíz, J.J., Morín, C., Castrejón, J. & Ocampo, A. (2006). Catálogo de las Gramíneas de México: 1-671. CONABIO, México city.
  • Edgar, E & Connor, H.E. (2010). Flora of New Zealand, ed. 2, 5: 1-650. R.E.Owen, Government Printer, Wellington.
  • Engelmaier, P. & Wilhalm, T. (2018). Alien grasses (Poaceae) in the flora of the Eastern Alps Neilreichia 9: 177-245.
  • Escobar, I. & al. (2011). Revisión taxonómica del género Eragrostis Wolf en Chile, basada en análisis estadísticos multivariados Gayana. Botánica 68: 49-85.
  • Figueiredo, E. & Smith, G.F. (2008). Plants of Angola Strelitzia 22: 1-279. National Botanical Institute, Pretoria.
  • Flora of North America Editorial Committee (2003). Flora of North America North of Mexico 25: 1-781. Oxford University Press, New York, Oxford.
  • Giraldo-Cañas, D. (2011). Catálogo de la familia Poaceae en Colombia Darwiniana 49: 139-247.
  • Giraldo-Cañas, D., Peterson, P.M. & Sánchez Vega, I. (2012). The genus Eragrostis (Poaceae : Chloridoideae) in northwestern South America (Colombia, Ecuador and Peru) : morphological and taxonomic studies: 1-195. Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá.
  • Hedberg, I. & Edwards, S. (eds.) (1995). Flora of Ethiopia and Eritrea 7: 1-430. The National Herbarium, Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia & The Department of Systematic Botany, Upps.
  • Henty, E.E. (1969). A manual of the grasses of New Guinea: 1-215. Division of Botany, Dpt. of Forests, LAE, New Guinea.
  • Kandwal, M.K. & Gupta, B.K. (2009). An update on grass flora of Uttarkhand Indian Journal of Forestry 32: 657-668.
  • Karthikeyan, S., Jain, S.K., Nayar, M.P. & Sanjappa, M. (1989). Florae Indicae Enumeratio: Monocotyledonae: 1-435. Botanical Survey of India, Calcutta.
  • Kress, W.J., DeFilipps, R.A., Farr, E. & Kyi, D.Y.Y. (2003). A Checklist of the Trees, Shrubs, Herbs and Climbers of Myanmar Contributions from the United States National Herbarium 45: 1-590.
  • Kuo, M.L. (ed.) (2012). Flora of Taiwan, ed. 2, Suppl.: 1-414. Editorial Committee of the Flora of Taiwan, Second Edition, National Taiwan University.
  • Mallett, K. (ed.) (2005). Flora of Australia 44B: 1-486. Australian Government Publishing Service, Canberra.
  • Meikle, R.D. (1985). Flora of Cyprus 2: 833-1970. The Bentham-Moxon Trust Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  • Ndabaneze, P. (1989). Catalogue des Graminées du Burundi Lejeunia; Revue de Botanique, n.s., 132: 1-127.
  • Nelson Sutherland, C.H. (2008). Catálogo de las plantes vasculares de Honduras. Espermatofitas: 1-1576. SERNA/Guaymuras, Tegucigalpa, Honduras.
  • Onana, J.M. (2011). The vascular plants of Cameroon a taxonomic checklist with IUCN assessments: 1-195. National herbarium of Cameroon, Yaoundé.
  • Powell, A.M. & Worthington, R.D. (2018). Flowering plants of Trans-Pecos Texas and ajacent areas: 1-1444. BRIT Press.
  • Renvoize, S.A. (1998). Gramineas de Bolivia: 1-644. The Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  • Takhtajan, A.L. (ed.) (2006). Konspekt Flora Kavkaza 2: 1-466. Editio Universitatis Petropolitanae.
  • Wood, J.R.I. (1997). A Handbook of the Yemen Flora: 1-434. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  • Wu, Z. & Raven, P.H. (eds.) (2006). Poaceae Flora of China 22: 1-733. Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis.
  • Zuloaga, F.O., Morrone, O. , Belgrano, M.J., Marticorena, C. & Marchesi, E. (eds.) (2008). Catálogo de las Plantas Vasculares del Cono Sur Monographs in Systematic Botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden 107: 1-3348. Missouri Botanical Garden.

Literature

Catálogo de Plantas y Líquenes de Colombia

  • Bernal, R., Gradstein, S.R. & Celis, M. (eds.). 2015. Catálogo de plantas y líquenes de Colombia. Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá. http://catalogoplantasdecolombia.unal.edu.co

Kew Backbone Distributions

  • (2018). https://nhmbeo.rs/wp-content/pdfovi/Bulletin-2018-04.pdf epublication.
  • Acevedo-Rodríguez, P. & Strong, M.T. (2012). Catalogue of seed plants of the West Indies Smithsonian Contributions to Botany 98: 1-1192.
  • Bosser, J. & Renvoize, S.A. (2018). Flore des Mascareignes 203: 1-276. IRD Éditions, MSIRI, RBG-Kew, Paris.
  • Bosser, J. (1969). Gramiées des pasturages et des cultures a Madagascar: 1-440. ORSTOM, Paris.
  • Brako, L. & Zarucchi, J.L. (1993). Catalogue of the Flowering Plants and Gymnosperms of Peru Monographs in Systematic Botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden 45: i-xl, 1-1286. Missouri Botanical Garden.
  • Brown, L.C. (1982). The Flora and Fauna of St Helena: 1-88. Land Resources Development Centre, Surbiton, England.
  • Chang, C.S., Kim, H. & Chang, K.S. (2014). Provisional checklist of vascular plants for the Korea peninsula flora (KPF): 1-660. DESIGNPOST.
  • Clayton, W.D., Phillips, S.M., Renvoize, S.A. (1974). Gramineae Flora of Tropical East Africa 2: 177-449.
  • Cope, T. (1999). Flora Zambesiaca 10(2): 1-261. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  • Cope, T.A. (1982). Flora of Pakistan 143: 1-678. Department of Botany, University of Karachi, Karachi.
  • Cope, T.A., Knees, S.G. & Miller, A.G. (2007). Flora of the Arabian peninsula and Socotra 5(1): 1-387. Edinburgh University Press.
  • Damanakis, M. & Scholz, H. (1990). Phytogeographical notes on the Poaceae of Greece Willdenowia 19: 413-423.
  • Davidse, G. & al. (eds.) (1994). Flora Mesoamericana 6: 1-543. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México, D.F.
  • Davis, P.H. (ed.) (1985). Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands 9: 1-724. Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh.
  • Dobignard, D. & Chatelain, C. (2010). Index synonymique de la flore d'Afrique du nord 1: 1-455. Éditions des conservatoire et jardin botaniques, Genève.
  • Dávila, P., Mejia-Saulés, M.T., Gómez-Sánchez, N., Valdés-Reyna, J., Ortíz, J.J., Morín, C., Castrejón, J. & Ocampo, A. (2006). Catálogo de las Gramíneas de México: 1-671. CONABIO, México city.
  • Edgar, E & Connor, H.E. (2010). Flora of New Zealand, ed. 2, 5: 1-650. R.E.Owen, Government Printer, Wellington.
  • Engelmaier, P. & Wilhalm, T. (2018). Alien grasses (Poaceae) in the flora of the Eastern Alps Neilreichia 9: 177-245.
  • Escobar, I. & al. (2011). Revisión taxonómica del género Eragrostis Wolf en Chile, basada en análisis estadísticos multivariados Gayana. Botánica 68: 49-85.
  • Figueiredo, E. & Smith, G.F. (2008). Plants of Angola Strelitzia 22: 1-279. National Botanical Institute, Pretoria.
  • Flora of North America Editorial Committee (2003). Flora of North America North of Mexico 25: 1-781. Oxford University Press, New York, Oxford.
  • Forzza, R.C. & al. (2013). Lista de Espécies da Flora do Brasil http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/2010/.
  • Germishuizen, G. & Meyer, N.L. (eds.) (2003). Plants of Southern Africa: an annotated checklist. Strelitzia 14.: i-vi, 1-1231. National Botanical Institute, Pretoria.
  • Giraldo-Cañas, D. (2011). Catálogo de la familia Poaceae en Colombia Darwiniana 49: 139-247.
  • Hedberg, I. & Edwards, S. (eds.) (1995). Flora of Ethiopia and Eritrea 7: 1-430. The National Herbarium, Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia & The Department of Systematic Botany, Upps.
  • Henty, E.E. (1969). A manual of the grasses of New Guinea: 1-215. Division of Botany, Dpt. of Forests, LAE, New Guinea.
  • Kandwal, M.K. & Gupta, B.K. (2009). An update on grass flora of Uttarkhand Indian Journal of Forestry 32: 657-668.
  • Karthikeyan, S., Jain, S.K., Nayar, M.P. & Sanjappa, M. (1989). Florae Indicae Enumeratio: Monocotyledonae: 1-435. Botanical Survey of India, Calcutta.
  • Kobayashi, S. & Ono, M. (1987). A Revised List of Vascular Plants Indigenous and Introduced to the Bonin (Ogasawara) and the Volcano (Kazan) Islands Ogasawara Research 13: 1-55.
  • Kuo, M.L. (ed.) (2012). Flora of Taiwan, ed. 2, Suppl.: 1-414. Editorial Committee of the Flora of Taiwan, Second Edition, National Taiwan University.
  • Mallett, K. (ed.) (2005). Flora of Australia 44B: 1-486. Australian Government Publishing Service, Canberra.
  • Meikle, R.D. (1985). Flora of Cyprus 2: 833-1970. The Bentham-Moxon Trust Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  • Ndabaneze, P. (1989). Catalogue des Graminées du Burundi Lejeunia; Revue de Botanique, n.s., 132: 1-127.
  • Onana, J.M. (2011). The vascular plants of Cameroon a taxonomic checklist with IUCN assessments: 1-195. National herbarium of Cameroon, Yaoundé.
  • Takhtajan, A.L. (ed.) (2006). Konspekt Flora Kavkaza 2: 1-466. Editio Universitatis Petropolitanae.
  • Verloove, F. & Sánchez Gullón, E. (2012). New records of interesting vascular plants (mainly xenophytes) in the Iberian Peninsula. II Flora Mediterranea 22: 5-24.
  • Wu, Z. & Raven, P.H. (eds.) (2006). Poaceae Flora of China 22: 1-733. Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis.
  • Zuloaga, F.O., Morrone, O. , Belgrano, M.J., Marticorena, C. & Marchesi, E. (eds.) (2008). Catálogo de las Plantas Vasculares del Cono Sur Monographs in Systematic Botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden 107: 1-3348. Missouri Botanical Garden.

Flora of Tropical East Africa

  • D.M. Napper, Grasses of Tanganyika: 30 (1965).
  • Nees, Fl. Afr. Austr.: 397 (1841).

Useful Plants and Fungi of Colombia

  • Bernal, R., Gradstein, S.R., & Celis, M. (eds.). (2020). Catálogo de Plantas y Líquenes de Colombia. v1.1. Universidad Nacional de Colombia. Dataset/Checklist. https://doi.org/10.15472/7avdhn
  • Burkill HM. (1995). The useful plants of west tropical Africa, Vols. 1-3. The useful plants of west tropical Africa, Vols 1-3.
  • Diazgranados et al. (2021). Catalogue of plants of Colombia. Useful Plants and Fungi of Colombia project. In prep.
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  • Catálogo de Plantas y Líquenes de Colombia

    http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Colombian resources for Plants made Accessible

    http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

  • Flora Zambesiaca

    Flora Zambesiaca
    http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Flora of Tropical East Africa

    Flora of Tropical East Africa
    http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • GrassBase - The Online World Grass Flora

    http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Herbarium Catalogue Specimens

    Digital Image © Board of Trustees, RBG Kew http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
    Digital Image © Board of Trustees, RBG Kew K001467509
    Digital Image © Board of Trustees, RBG Kew K001467508
    Digital Image © Board of Trustees, RBG Kew K001467507
    Digital Image © Board of Trustees, RBG Kew K001467514
    Digital Image © Board of Trustees, RBG Kew K001467513
    Digital Image © Board of Trustees, RBG Kew K001467512
    Digital Image © Board of Trustees, RBG Kew K001467511
    Digital Image © Board of Trustees, RBG Kew K001467510

  • Kew Backbone Distributions

    The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families 2022. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/
    © Copyright 2017 World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

  • Kew Names and Taxonomic Backbone

    The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families 2022. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/
    © Copyright 2017 International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

  • Universidad Nacional de Colombia

    ColPlantA database
    http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Useful Plants and Fungi of Colombia

    http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0