Poaceae
Digitaria

Digitaria bicornis (Lam.) Roem. & Schult.

First published in Syst. Veg., ed. 15[bis]. 2: 470 (1817)
This species is accepted
The native range of this species is W. Indian Ocean, Tropical & Subtropical Asia to N. Australia. It is an annual or perennial and grows primarily in the seasonally dry tropical biome.

Distribution

Native to:

Andaman Is., Bangladesh, Bismarck Archipelago, Borneo, Cambodia, China South-Central, China Southeast, East Himalaya, Hainan, India, Jawa, Laos, Lesser Sunda Is., Madagascar, Malaya, Maluku, Mauritius, Myanmar, Nepal, New Guinea, Nicobar Is., Northern Territory, Philippines, Queensland, Rodrigues, Réunion, Sri Lanka, Sulawesi, Sumatera, Thailand, Vietnam, West Himalaya, Western Australia

Introduced into:

Alabama, Argentina Northeast, Argentina Northwest, Bahamas, Bolivia, Brazil North, Brazil Northeast, Brazil South, Brazil Southeast, Brazil West-Central, Cameroon, Caroline Is., Cayman Is., Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Fiji, Florida, Georgia, Guatemala, Haiti, Hawaii, Honduras, Iowa, Jamaica, Japan, Leeward Is., Libya, Louisiana, Marianas, Mauritania, Mexican Pacific Is., Mexico Central, Mexico Gulf, Mexico Northeast, Mexico Northwest, Mexico Southeast, Mexico Southwest, Mississippi, Nauru, Netherlands Antilles, Nicaragua, North Carolina, Panamá, Paraguay, Puerto Rico, South Carolina, Texas, Turks-Caicos Is., Uruguay, Venezuela, Virginia, Wake I., Windward Is.

Synonyms

Homotypic Synonyms

Heterotypic Synonyms

Classification

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Publications

POWO follows these authorities in accepting this name:

  • Acevedo-Rodríguez, P. & Strong, M.T. (2012). Catalogue of seed plants of the West Indies. Smithsonian Contributions to Botany 98: 1-1192.
  • Ahmed, Z.U. (ed.) (2008). Encyclopedia of Flora and Fauna of Bangladesh 12: 1-505. Asiatic Society of Bangladesh.
  • Boonsuk, B., Chantaranothai, P. & Hodkinson, T.R. (2016). A taxonomic revision of the genus Digitaria (Panicoideae: Poaceae) in mainland Southeast Asia. Phytotaxa 246: 248-280.
  • Bosser, J. & Renvoize, S.A. (2018). Flore des Mascareignes 203: 1-276. IRD Éditions, MSIRI, RBG-Kew, Paris.
  • Clayton, W.D. & Snow, N. (2010). A key to Pacific Grasses: 1-107. Kew Publishing, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  • Clayton, W.D., Harman, K.T. & Williamson, H. (2006). World Grass Species - Synonymy database The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  • Dassanayake (ed.) (1994). A Revised Handbook to the Flora of Ceylon 8: 1-458. Oxford & IBH Publishing Co. PVT. LTD., New Delhi, Calcutta.
  • Davidse, G. & al. (eds.) (1994). Flora Mesoamericana 6: 1-543. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México, D.F.
  • Dobignard, D. & Chatelain, C. (2010). Index synonymique de la flore d'Afrique du nord 1: 1-455. Éditions des conservatoire et jardin botaniques, Genève.
  • Dávila, P., Mejia-Saulés, M.T., Gómez-Sánchez, N., Valdés-Reyna, J., Ortíz, J.J., Morín, C., Castrejón, J. & Ocampo, A. (2006). Catálogo de las Gramíneas de México: 1-671. CONABIO, México city.
  • Flora of North America Editorial Committee (2003). Flora of North America North of Mexico 25: 1-781. Oxford University Press, New York, Oxford.
  • Giraldo-Cañas, D. (2011). Catálogo de la familia Poaceae en Colombia. Darwiniana 49: 139-247.
  • Jørgensen, P.M. & León-Yánez, S. (eds.) (1999). Catalogue of the Vascular Plants of Ecuador. Monographs in Systematic Botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden 75: i-viii, 1-1181. Missouri Botanical Garden.
  • Kandwal, M.K. & Gupta, B.K. (2009). An update on grass flora of Uttarkhand. Indian Journal of Forestry 32: 657-668.
  • Karthikeyan, S., Jain, S.K., Nayar, M.P. & Sanjappa, M. (1989). Florae Indicae Enumeratio: Monocotyledonae: 1-435. Botanical Survey of India, Calcutta.
  • Kotiya, A., Solanki, Y. & Reddy, G.V. (2020). Flora of Rajasthan: 1-769. Rajasthan state biodiversity board.
  • Levin, G.A. & Moran, R. (1989). The vascular flora of isla Socorro, Mexico: 1-71. Dept. of Botany, San Diego Natural History Museum, San Diego.
  • Menjívar Cruz, J.E., R.M. Baldini, G. Davidse & P.M. Peterson (2021). El Salvador grasses: An updated catalogue and nomenclator. Phytoneuron 2021-22: 1-131.
  • Middleton, D.J. & al. (eds.) (2019). Flora of Singapore 7: 1-525. Singapore Botanic Gardens.
  • Newman, M., Ketphanh, S., Svengsuksa, B., Thomas, P., Sengdala, K., Lamxay, V. & Armstrong, K. (2007). A checklist of the vascular plants of Lao PDR: 1-394. Royal Botanic Gardens, Edinburgh.
  • Onana, J.M. (2011). The vascular plants of Cameroon a taxonomic checklist with IUCN assessments: 1-195. National herbarium of Cameroon, Yaoundé.
  • Sánchez-Ken, J.G. (2012). A synopsis of Digitaria (Paniceae, Panicoideae, Poaceae) in Mexico, including the new species Digitaria michoacensis. Acta Botanica Mexicana 101: 127-149. Instituto de Ecología A.C.
  • Thaman, R.R., Fosberg, F.R., Manner, H.I. & Hassall, D.C. (1994). The Flora of Nauru. Atoll Research Bulletin 392: 1-223.
  • Wu, Z. & Raven, P.H. (eds.) (2006). Poaceae. Flora of China 22: 1-733. Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis.
  • Zuloaga, F.O., Morrone, O. , Belgrano, M.J., Marticorena, C. & Marchesi, E. (eds.) (2008). Catálogo de las Plantas Vasculares del Cono Sur. Monographs in Systematic Botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden 107: 1-3348. Missouri Botanical Garden.

Catálogo de Plantas y Líquenes de Colombia

  • Bernal, R., Gradstein, S.R. & Celis, M. (eds.). 2015. Catálogo de plantas y líquenes de Colombia. Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá. http://catalogoplantasdecolombia.unal.edu.co

Kew Backbone Distributions

  • Acevedo-Rodríguez, P. & Strong, M.T. (2012). Catalogue of seed plants of the West Indies. Smithsonian Contributions to Botany 98: 1-1192.
  • Ahmed, Z.U. (ed.) (2008). Encyclopedia of Flora and Fauna of Bangladesh 12: 1-505. Asiatic Society of Bangladesh.
  • Barry, J. P. & Celles, J.S. (1991). Flore de Mauritanie 2: 360-550. Centre Regional de Documentation Pedagogique, Nice.
  • Bosser, J. & Renvoize, S.A. (2018). Flore des Mascareignes 203: 1-276. IRD Éditions, MSIRI, RBG-Kew, Paris.
  • Bosser, J. (1969). Gramiées des pasturages et des cultures a Madagascar: 1-440. ORSTOM, Paris.
  • Camus, E.G. & Camus, A. in H. Lecomte (1922). Flore Générale de l'indo-Chine 1(3): 193-336.
  • Clayton, W.D. & Snow, N. (2010). A key to Pacific Grasses: 1-107. Kew Publishing, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  • Correll, D.S. & Correll, H.B. (1982). Flora of the Bahama Archipelago: 1-1692. J.Cramer, Vaduz.
  • Dassanayake (ed.) (1994). A Revised Handbook to the Flora of Ceylon 8: 1-458. Oxford & IBH Publishing Co. PVT. LTD., New Delhi, Calcutta.
  • Davidse, G. & al. (eds.) (1994). Flora Mesoamericana 6: 1-543. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México, D.F.
  • Dobignard, D. & Chatelain, C. (2010). Index synonymique de la flore d'Afrique du nord 1: 1-455. Éditions des conservatoire et jardin botaniques, Genève.
  • Dávila, P., Mejia-Saulés, M.T., Gómez-Sánchez, N., Valdés-Reyna, J., Ortíz, J.J., Morín, C., Castrejón, J. & Ocampo, A. (2006). Catálogo de las Gramíneas de México: 1-671. CONABIO, México city.
  • Flora of North America Editorial Committee (2003). Flora of North America North of Mexico 25: 1-781. Oxford University Press, New York, Oxford.
  • Forzza, R.C. & al. (2013). Lista de Espécies da Flora do Brasil http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/2010/.
  • Giraldo-Cañas, D. (2011). Catálogo de la familia Poaceae en Colombia. Darwiniana 49: 139-247.
  • Hokche, O., Berry, P.E. & Huber, O. (eds.) (2008). Nuevo Catálogo de la Flora Vascular de Venezuela: 1-859. Fundación Instituto Botánico de Venezuela.
  • Hubbard, C.E. & Vaughan, R.E. (1940). Grasses of Mauritius and Rodriguez: 1-128. Crown Agents for the Colonies, London.
  • Jørgensen, P.M. & León-Yánez, S. (eds.) (1999). Catalogue of the Vascular Plants of Ecuador. Monographs in Systematic Botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden 75: i-viii, 1-1181. Missouri Botanical Garden.
  • Kandwal, M.K. & Gupta, B.K. (2009). An update on grass flora of Uttarkhand. Indian Journal of Forestry 32: 657-668.
  • Karthikeyan, S., Jain, S.K., Nayar, M.P. & Sanjappa, M. (1989). Florae Indicae Enumeratio: Monocotyledonae: 1-435. Botanical Survey of India, Calcutta.
  • Koyama, T. (1987). Grasses of Japan and its neighboring regions: an identification manual: 1-570. Kodansha, Tokyo, Japan.
  • Levin, G.A. & Moran, R. (1989). The vascular flora of isla Socorro, Mexico: 1-71. Dept. of Botany, San Diego Natural History Museum, San Diego.
  • Nelson Sutherland, C.H. (2008). Catálogo de las plantes vasculares de Honduras. Espermatofitas: 1-1576. SERNA/Guaymuras, Tegucigalpa, Honduras.
  • Newman, M., Ketphanh, S., Svengsuksa, B., Thomas, P., Sengdala, K., Lamxay, V. & Armstrong, K. (2007). A checklist of the vascular plants of Lao PDR: 1-394. Royal Botanic Gardens, Edinburgh.
  • Onana, J.M. (2011). The vascular plants of Cameroon a taxonomic checklist with IUCN assessments: 1-195. National herbarium of Cameroon, Yaoundé.
  • Pandey, R.P. & Dilwakar, P.G. (2008). An integrated check-list flora of Andaman and Nicobar islands, India. Journal of Economic and Taxonomic Botany 32: 403-500.
  • Thaman, R.R., Fosberg, F.R., Manner, H.I. & Hassall, D.C. (1994). The Flora of Nauru. Atoll Research Bulletin 392: 1-223.
  • Wu, Z. & Raven, P.H. (eds.) (2006). Poaceae. Flora of China 22: 1-733. Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis.
  • Zuloaga, F.O., Morrone, O. , Belgrano, M.J., Marticorena, C. & Marchesi, E. (eds.) (2008). Catálogo de las Plantas Vasculares del Cono Sur. Monographs in Systematic Botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden 107: 1-3348. Missouri Botanical Garden.

Useful Plants and Fungi of Colombia

  • Bernal, R., Gradstein, S.R., & Celis, M. (eds.). (2020). Catálogo de Plantas y Líquenes de Colombia. v1.1. Universidad Nacional de Colombia. Dataset/Checklist. https://doi.org/10.15472/7avdhn
  • Dempewolf, H., Eastwood, R. J., Guarino, L., Khoury, C. K., Müller, J. V. & Toll, J. (2014). Adapting agriculture to climate change: a global initiative to collect, conserve, and use crop wild relatives. Agroecology and Sustainable Food Systems, 38, 369-377.
  • Diazgranados et al. (2021). Catalogue of plants of Colombia. Useful Plants and Fungi of Colombia project. In prep.
  • Diazgranados, M., Allkin, B., Black N., Cámara-Leret, R., Canteiro C., Carretero J., Eastwood R., Hargreaves S., Hudson A., Milliken W., Nesbitt, M., Ondo, I., Patmore, K., Pironon, S., Turner, R., Ulian, T. (2020). World Checklist of Useful Plant Species. Produced by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Knowledge Network for Biocomplexity.
  • GBIF.org (2021). GBIF species matching tool. https://www.gbif.org/tools/species-lookup

Other Data

Other Kew resources that provide information on this taxon:

Date Reference Identified As Barcode Type Status Has image?
Oct 1, 2011 Gamble, J.S. [17177 K000245361 Type No
Jan 1, 2002 Dombrowski, L.T.; Kuniyoshi, Y.S. [2370] Brazil K001078422 Yes
Jan 1, 2002 Anderson, B. [1909] Colombia K001467650 Yes
Jan 1, 2002 Dombrowski, L.T.; Kuniyoshi, Y.S. [2276] Brazil K001078421 Yes
Feb 8, 2000 Lanna; Castellanas [630] Brazil K001075547 Yes
Feb 8, 2000 Wright, C. [s.n.] Brazil K001086163 Yes
Feb 3, 2000 Lützelburg, P., von [s.n.] Brazil K001078420 Yes
Feb 3, 2000 Glaziou, A.F.M. [483] Brazil K001078419 Yes
Feb 3, 2000 Lowe, J. [4263] Brazil K001075546 Yes
Jan 1, 1990 Hoocky, J.W. [1487] Brazil K001078423 Yes
May 1, 1981 Klein [20] India K000245363 Isotype Yes
Oct 1, 1977 Wight, R. [3033] India K000245360 Type Yes
Apr 1, 1973 Kerr, A.F.G. [10960] Thailand K000621206 Yes
Apr 1, 1973 Kerr, A.F.G. [10960] Thailand K000621208 Yes
Apr 1, 1973 Kerr, A.F.G. [10960] Thailand K000621207 Yes
Nov 1, 1971 Larsen, K.; Smitinand, T.; Warncke, E. [1289] Thailand K000688298 Yes
Nov 1, 1971 Thailand K000688297 Yes
Nov 1, 1971 Kerr, A.F.G. [21423] Thailand K000621166 Yes
Nov 1, 1971 Kerr, A.F.G. [21423] Thailand K000621167 Yes
Nov 1, 1971 Put [2591] Thailand K000621169 Yes
Nov 1, 1971 Put [2591] Thailand K000621170 Yes
Nov 1, 1971 Put [2591] Thailand K000621168 Yes
Nov 1, 1971 Smitinand, T. [5806] Thailand K000688301 Yes
Nov 1, 1971 Larsen, K. [8534] Thailand K000688300 Yes
Nov 1, 1971 Floto, F. [7609] Thailand K000688299 Yes
Nov 1, 1971 Kerr, A.F.G. [13420] Thailand K000621209 Yes
Nov 1, 1971 Kerr, A.F.G. [3859] Thailand K000621165 Yes
Blake, S.T. [6198] Australia K003796890 Yes
U Thein Lwin [160] Burma K001666451 Yes
Blake, S.T. [12541] Australia K003796887 Yes
Lobo, S. [1742] Costa Rica K001561340 Yes
Narayanaswami, V. [298] India K003795418 Yes
Afzelius, K.R. [s.n.] Madagascar K003432698 Yes
Wallace, E.L. [9010] Burma K003795434 Yes
Wallich [s.n.] Burma K003795431 Yes
Greenwood, W. [753A] Fiji K003797216 Yes
M.L. [2742] Australia K003796897 Yes
Blake, S.T. [6792] Australia K003796888 Yes
Gamble, J.S. [17178] India K003795423 Yes
Davies, W. [s.n.] Australia K003796880 Yes
Clayton, D. [5935] Sri Lanka K003795441 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] India K003795427 Yes
Clemens, M.S. [s.n.] Australia K003796901 Yes
Lazarides, M. [4650] Australia K003796900 Yes
Parkinson, C.E. [15183] Burma K003795433 Yes
Clarke, C.B. [25248] India K003795416 Yes
s.coll. [862] Sri Lanka K003795440 Yes
Greenwood, W. [753] Fiji K003797215 Yes
Davies, W. [s.n.] Australia K003796893 Yes
Sir A. G.; Bourne, E.T. [s.n.] India K003795425 Yes
Blake, S.T. [9021] Australia K003796902 Yes
Specht, R.L. [800] Australia K003796894 Yes
Gamble, J.S. [12583] India K003795428 Yes
Heckman, C.W. [103] Thailand K000688303 Yes
Mckee, H.S. [9050] Australia K003796889 Yes
Bourne [2460] India K003795419 Yes
Gamble, J.S. [17178] India K003795420 Yes
Manjakahery, H.; Andrianjafy, N.M.; Ranaivojaona, R. [149] Madagascar K003432699 Yes
Mooney, H.F. [3538] India K003795417 Yes
Poilane, M.E. [28850] Vietnam K003795832 Yes
Blake, S.T. [16062] Australia K003796885 Yes
Talbot, W.A. [2228] India K003795415 Yes
Bourne [3025] India K003795422 Yes
Rambo, B. [40660] Brazil K001078424 Yes
Clayton, D. [5139] Sri Lanka K003795439 Yes
Clarkson, J.R. [4338] Australia K003796881 Yes
Henderson, R.J. [H1753] Australia K003796886 Yes
Zuloaga, F.; Morrone, O. [3038] Argentina K002200149 Yes
Henty, E.E. [NGF49599] Papua New Guinea K003796086 Yes
Thomson, G. [s.n.] India K003795421 Yes
Parkinson, C.E. [15181] Burma K003795435 Yes
Shuter [s.n.] India K003795426 Yes
Story; Yapp [168] Australia K003796895 Yes
Kurz, S. [2781] Burma K003795432 Yes
Clayton, D. [5584] Sri Lanka K003795442 Yes
Cooray, R.G. [69120605R] Sri Lanka K003795443 Yes
Wight [s.n.] India K003795424 Yes
Heckman, C.W. [102] Thailand K000688302 Yes
Adams, R. [s.n.] Australia K003796883 Yes
Lazarides, M. [4190] Australia K003796899 Yes
M.L. [2734] Australia K003796896 Yes
Heckman, C.W. [112] Thailand K000688304 Yes
Davies, W. [s.n.] Australia K003796891 Yes
Soderstrom, T.R.; Kulatunge, S. [1750] Sri Lanka K003795438 Yes
Du, N.V.; Quang, B.H.; Chinh, V.T.; The, P.V.; de Kok, R.P.J.; Xanthos, M.D.; Moore, A.; Sinou, C.J.A.; Clark, R.P.; Little, P.I. [HNK3086] Vietnam K003795833 Yes
Basedow's, H.B. [41NW] Australia K003796884 Yes
Gamble, J.S. [17535] India K003795430 Yes
Davies, W. [s.n.] Australia K003796892 Yes
Gamble, J.S. [20868] India K003795429 Yes
Henderson, R.J. [H1745] Australia K003796882 Yes
Davidse, G.; Sumithraarachchi, D.B. [9109] Sri Lanka K003795437 Yes
Blake, S.T. [5982] Australia K001666463 Yes
M.L. [3026] Australia K003796898 Yes
Panama K001467647 Yes
Colombia K001467648 Yes
Colombia K001467649 Yes
Anderson, B. [1909], Colombia K001467650 Yes
Venezuela K001467651 Yes
Venezuela K001467652 Yes
Ecuador K001467653 Yes
Ecuador K001467654 Yes
Ecuador K001467655 Yes
Peru K001467656 Yes
Pohl, R.W.; Davidse, G. [10562] Costa Rica Digitaria diversiflora K003434244 Yes
Pohl, R.W.; Davidse, G. [10908] Costa Rica Digitaria diversiflora K003434245 Yes
Gould, F.W. [11977] United States Digitaria diversiflora K003433860 Yes
Pohl, R.W.; Davidse, G. [11442] Costa Rica Digitaria diversiflora K003434241 Yes
Gould, F.W. [10962] United States Digitaria diversiflora K003433861 Yes
Pohl, R.W.; Davidse, G. [10925] Costa Rica Digitaria diversiflora K003434246 No
Pohl, R.W.; Davidse, G. [11472] Costa Rica Digitaria diversiflora K003434242 Yes
Freckmann, R.W. [1136] United States Digitaria diversiflora K003433862 Yes
Pohl, R.W.; Davidse, G. [10661] Costa Rica Digitaria diversiflora K003434243 Yes

Sources

  • Angiosperm Extinction Risk Predictions v1

    • Angiosperm Threat Predictions
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

  • Catálogo de Plantas y Líquenes de Colombia

    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • GrassBase - The Online World Grass Flora

    • Clayton, W.D., Vorontsova, M.S., Harman, K.T. and Williamson, H. (2006 onwards). GrassBase - The Online World Grass Flora.
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Herbarium Catalogue Specimens

    • 'The Herbarium Catalogue, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the Internet http://www.kew.org/herbcat [accessed on Day Month Year]'. Please enter the date on which you consulted the system.
    • Digital Image © Board of Trustees, RBG Kew http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

  • Kew Backbone Distributions

    • The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants 2025. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and https://powo.science.kew.org/
    • © Copyright 2023 World Checklist of Vascular Plants. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

  • Kew Names and Taxonomic Backbone

    • The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants 2025. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and https://powo.science.kew.org/
    • © Copyright 2023 International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

  • Kew Science Photographs

    • Copyright applied to individual images

  • Universidad Nacional de Colombia

    • ColPlantA database
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Useful Plants and Fungi of Colombia

    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0