Burseraceae
Bursera

Bursera simaruba (L.) Sarg.

First published in Gard. & Forest 3: 260 (1890)
This species is accepted
The native range of this species is Mexico to Brazil, Caribbean. It is a tree and grows primarily in the seasonally dry tropical biome. It is has environmental uses, as animal food, a poison, a medicine and invertebrate food and for fuel and food.

Distribution

Native to:

Aruba, Bahamas, Belize, Brazil North, Cayman Is., Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominican Republic, El Salvador, Florida, French Guiana, Guatemala, Guyana, Honduras, Jamaica, Leeward Is., Mexico Central, Mexico Gulf, Mexico Northeast, Mexico Northwest, Mexico Southeast, Mexico Southwest, Netherlands Antilles, Nicaragua, Panamá, Peru, Puerto Rico, Southwest Caribbean, Trinidad-Tobago, Turks-Caicos Is., Venezuela, Venezuelan Antilles, Windward Is.

Synonyms

Homotypic Synonyms

Heterotypic Synonyms

Classification

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Publications

POWO follows these authorities in accepting this name:

  • Acevedo-Rodríguez, P. & Strong, M.T. (2012). Catalogue of seed plants of the West Indies. Smithsonian Contributions to Botany 98: 1-1192.
  • Berendsohn, W.G., Gruber, A.K. & Monterrosa Salomón, J. (2009). Nova silva cusatlantica. Árboles nativos e introduciados de El Salvador. Parte 1: Angiospermae - Familias A a L. Englera 29-1: 1-438.
  • Boggan, J. Funck, V. & Kelloff, C. (1997). Checklist of the Plants of the Guianas (Guyana, Surinam, Franch Guiana) ed. 2: 1-238. University of Guyana, Georgetown.
  • Castro Laportte, M. (2013). Estudio taxonómico del género Bursera Jacq. ex L. (Burseraceae) en Venezuela. Ernstia 23: 125-169.
  • Cirilo, N. & Proctor, G.R. (1994). Vascular plants of the Caribbean Swan islands of Honduras. Brenesia 41-42: 73-80.
  • Garcia-Mendoza, A.J. & Meave, J.A. (eds.) (2012). Diversidad florística de Oaxaca: de musgos a angiospermas (colecciones y listas de especies), ed. 2: 1-351. Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México.
  • Gonzalez, F., Nelson Diaz, J. & Lowry, P. (1995). Flora Illustrada de San Andrés y Providencia: 1-281. Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Colombia.
  • Govaerts, R. (1996). World Checklist of Seed Plants 2(1, 2): 1-492. MIM, Deurne.
  • Hokche, O., Berry, P.E. & Huber, O. (eds.) (2008). Nuevo Catálogo de la Flora Vascular de Venezuela: 1-859. Fundación Instituto Botánico de Venezuela.
  • Idárraga-Piedrahita, A., Ortiz, R.D.C., Callejas Posada, R. & Merello, M. (eds.) (2011). Flora de Antioquia: Catálogo de las Plantas Vasculares 2: 1-939. Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín.
  • Nelson Sutherland, C.H. (2008). Catálogo de las plantes vasculares de Honduras. Espermatofitas: 1-1576. SERNA/Guaymuras, Tegucigalpa, Honduras.
  • Niembro Rocas, A., Vázquez Torres, M. & Sáchez Sáchez, O. (2010). Árboles de Veracruz 100 especies para la reforstación estratégica: 1-253. Gombierno del Estado de Veracruz, México.
  • Villaseñor, J.L. (2016). Checklist of the native vascular plants of Mexico. Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad 87: 559-902.

Flora of the Cayman Islands

  • Sarg., Gard. & For. 3: 260 (1890).

Catálogo de Plantas y Líquenes de Colombia

  • Bernal, R., Gradstein, S.R. & Celis, M. (eds.). 2015. Catálogo de plantas y líquenes de Colombia. Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá. http://catalogoplantasdecolombia.unal.edu.co

Kew Backbone Distributions

  • Berendsohn, W.G., Gruber, A.K. & Monterrosa Salomón, J. (2009). Nova silva cusatlantica. Árboles nativos e introduciados de El Salvador. Parte 1: Angiospermae - Familias A a L. Englera 29-1: 1-438.
  • Boggan, J. Funck, V. & Kelloff, C. (1997). Checklist of the Plants of the Guianas (Guyana, Surinam, Franch Guiana) ed. 2: 1-238. University of Guyana, Georgetown.
  • Cirilo, N. & Proctor, G.R. (1994). Vascular plants of the Caribbean Swan islands of Honduras. Brenesia 41-42: 73-80.
  • Correll, D.S. & Correll, H.B. (1982). Flora of the Bahama Archipelago: 1-1692. J.Cramer, Vaduz.
  • Forzza, R.C., Zappi, D. & Souza, V.C. (2016-continuously updated). Flora do Brasil 2020 em construção http://reflora.jbrj.gov.br/reflora/listaBrasil/ConsultaPublicaUC/ResultadoDaConsultaNovaConsulta.do.
  • Hokche, O., Berry, P.E. & Huber, O. (eds.) (2008). Nuevo Catálogo de la Flora Vascular de Venezuela: 1-859. Fundación Instituto Botánico de Venezuela.
  • USDA, NRCS ( 2021-continuously updated). Natural Resources Conservation Services Plant Database http://plants.usda.gov/cgi_bin/topics.cgi?earl=checklist.html.

Useful Plants and Fungi of Colombia

  • Bernal, R., Gradstein, S.R., & Celis, M. (eds.). (2020). Catálogo de Plantas y Líquenes de Colombia. v1.1. Universidad Nacional de Colombia. Dataset/Checklist. https://doi.org/10.15472/7avdhn
  • Diazgranados et al. (2021). Catalogue of plants of Colombia. Useful Plants and Fungi of Colombia project. In prep.
  • Diazgranados, M., Allkin, B., Black N., Cámara-Leret, R., Canteiro C., Carretero J., Eastwood R., Hargreaves S., Hudson A., Milliken W., Nesbitt, M., Ondo, I., Patmore, K., Pironon, S., Turner, R., Ulian, T. (2020). World Checklist of Useful Plant Species. Produced by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Knowledge Network for Biocomplexity.
  • FPI (2021). Food Plants International. https://fms.cmsvr.com/fmi/webd/Food_Plants_World?homeurl=https://foodplantsinternational.com/plants/
  • GBIF.org (2021). GBIF species matching tool. https://www.gbif.org/tools/species-lookup
  • GRIN (2021). Germplasm Resources Information Network from the United States Department of Agriculture. https://www.ars-grin.gov/
  • IUCN (2021). The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2021-2. https://www.iucnredlist.org.
  • Instituto de Investigación de Recursos Biológicos Alexander von Humbodlt (2014). Plantas alimenticias y medicinales nativas de Colombia. 2567 registros, aportados por: Castellanos, C. (Contacto del recurso), Valderrama, N. (Creador del recurso, Autor), Bernal, Y. (Autor), García, N. (Autor). http://i2d.humboldt.org.co/ceiba/resource.do?r=ls_colombia_magnoliophyta_2014
  • Instituto de Investigación de Recursos Biológicos Alexander von Humboldt (2015). Identificación de las plantas útiles como Productos Forestales No Maderables del Bosque seco-Tropical en tres ventanas del Caribe colombiano. 1386 registros, aportados por: Garcia, H. (Contacto del Recurso), López Camacho, R. (Creador del recurso), Sarmiento Bernal, C. (Proveedor del metadatos). Espitia Palenci, L. (Autor), Gallego, B. (Punto de contacto), Aguilar Cano, J. (Curador), Mendoza, H. (Curador). Versión 2.0. http://i2d.humboldt.org.co/ceiba/resource.do?r=rrbb_bst-caribe_plantae_2015
  • Instituto de Investigación de Recursos Biológicos Alexander von Humboldt (2015). Listado de especies de Productos No Maderables del caribe colombiano. 366 registros, aportados por: Garcia, H. (Contacto del Recurso), López Camacho, R. (Creador del recurso), Espitia Palencia, L. (Proveedor del metadatos). Versión 2.0. http://i2d.humboldt.org.co/ceiba/resource.do?r=le_bst-caribe_plantae_2015
  • Instituto de Investigación de Recursos Biológicos Alexander von Humboldt (2019). Lista de especies vedadas por la resolución 213 de 1977. 8256 especies. http://i2d.humboldt.org.co/ceiba/resource.do?r=le_plantaspriorizadas_2019
  • Instituto de Investigación de Recursos Biológicos Alexander von Humboldt. (2014). Plantas alimenticias y medicinales nativas de Colombia. 2567 registros, aportados por: Castellanos, C. (Contacto del recurso), Valderrama, N. (Creador del recurso, Autor), Bernal, Y. (Autor), García, N. (Autor). http://i2d.humboldt.org.co/ceiba/resource.do?r=ls_colombia_magnoliophyta_2014
  • Medicinal Plant Names Services (MPNS) v.10 (2021); http://mpns.kew.org/
  • Plants for malaria, plants for fever: Medicinal species in Latin America, a bibliographic survey: Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  • RBG, Kew (2021). Kew Economic Botany Collection. https://ecbot.science.kew.org/
  • Ulian, T., Sacandé, M., Hudson, A., & Mattana, E. (2017). Conservation of indigenous plants to support community livelihoods: the MGU–Useful Plants Project. Journal of Environmental Planning and Management 60:668-683.
  • Willis, K.J. (ed.) (2017). State of the World’s Plants 2017. Report. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.

Other Data

Other Kew resources that provide information on this taxon:

Date Reference Identified As Barcode Type Status Has image?
Aug 1, 1995 Hinton, G.B.; et al. [10220] Mexico K000081230 No
Aug 1, 1995 Palmer, E. [378] Mexico K000081228 No
Aug 1, 1995 Hinton, G.B.; et al. [14033] Mexico K000081225 No
Aug 1, 1995 Hinton, G.B.; et al. [10212] Mexico K000081226 No
Aug 1, 1995 Hinton, G.B.; et al. [10210] Mexico K000081222 No
Aug 1, 1995 Palmer, E. [67] Mexico K000081227 No
Aug 1, 1995 Hinton, G.B.; et al. [10369] Mexico K000081223 No
Jan 1, 1995 Palmer, E. [1388] Mexico K000081229 No
Schipp, W.A. [151] Belize K005112458 Yes
Domínguez, H.G. [HGD2000] Mexico K005112452 Yes
Fendler, A. [1936] Venezuela K005112643 Yes
Prance, G.T.; Amaral, I.L.; Pipoly, J.J.; Tavares, A.S.; da Mota, C.D.A.; Cress, A. [28745] Brazil K005112585 Yes
Zarucchi, J.L.; Echeverry, B. [4657] Colombia K005112637 Yes
Gaumer, G.F.; Godman, F.D. [124] Mexico K000081239 No
Simá, P. [1962] Mexico K005112455 Yes
Dechamps, R. [[12018]] Cuba K005112526 Yes
Curtiss, A.H. [440] K005112321 Yes
Smith, A.C. [3142] Guyana K005112584 Yes
Allen, P.H. [4423] Panama K005112638 Yes
Valdivia Q., P.E. [527] Mexico K000081231 No
Triana, J. [s.n.] Colombia K005112635 Yes
Hummel, C. [s.n.] Belize K005112457 Yes
Pennington, T.D.; Sarukán K., J. [9088] Mexico K000081240 No
Wright, C. [1155] Cuba K005112536 Yes
Broadway, W.E. [7217] Trinidad and Tobago K005112540 Yes
Moldenke, H.N. [1004] K005112317 Yes
Diaz, J.; Castellanos Castro, C.; Norden, N.; Biggs, N.; Buelva, V.; Pajaro, F. [124] Colombia K001577152 Yes
Diaz, J.; Castellanos Castro, C.; Norden, N.; Biggs, N.; Buelva, V.; Pajaro, F. [111] Colombia K001577143 Yes
[A.R.Swffer] [4514] K005112551 Yes
Yuncker, T.G.; Koepper, J.M.; Wagner, K.A. [8660] Honduras K005112462 Yes
Ramage, G.A. [s.n.] Saint Lucia K005112532 Yes
Ibarra-Manriquez, G.; Tenorio, G.C.; Chagala, B.G.; Castañeda, N.G.; Mena, D.M. [5327] Mexico K005112451 Yes
Duno, R.; Etayo, J.; García, M.A.; Martin-Ballesteros, M.A. [523RD] Panama K005112639 Yes
Acevedo-Rodriguez, P.; Siaca, A.; Angell, B. [5072] United States K005112529 Yes
[Seemann] [1653] Mexico K005112449 Yes
Castroviejo, S.; Velayos, M. [13417SC] Panama K005112641 Yes
Morton, C.V.; Makrinius, E. [2501] Mexico K000081224 No
Williams, L. [8291] Mexico K000081232 No
Killip, E.P. [32871] K005112318 Yes
Moldenke, H.N. [1004] K005112316 Yes
Vandebroek, I. [548] United States K001635654 No
Matuda, E. [17354] Mexico K000081236 No
Pennington, T.D.; Sarukán K., J. [9258] Mexico K000081242 No
Small, J.K.; Carter, J.J. [8588] Bahamas, The K005112524 Yes
Castroviejo, S.; Cuadras, J.; Velayos, M. [12997SC] Panama K005112640 Yes
John, I.; Northrop, A.R. [560] Bahamas, The K005112547 Yes
[C. Swabey] [12950] Trinidad and Tobago K005112538 Yes
Hamilton, M.A.; Corcoran, M.R.; Manco, B.N. [635] Turks and Caicos Islands K:SPC-65317.000 No
[F.M. Andrew] [1996] K005112550 Yes
Barrios, S.; Hamilton, M.A.; Robbins, K.S.; Murrain, P. [16] Montserrat K:SPC-65334.000 No
Johnston, J.R. [270] Venezuela K005112644 Yes
Hinton, G.B.; et al. [14033] Mexico K005112453 Yes
Wilson, P. [7485] Bahamas, The K005112522 Yes
Pendry, C. [80809] Dominica K005112535 Yes
Wilson, P. [7372] Bahamas, The K005112523 Yes
Pennington, T.D.; Sarukán K., J. [9627] Mexico K000081244 No
Wilson, P. [7941] Bahamas, The K005112520 Yes
[Dr Imray] [415] Dominica K005112534 Yes
[Curtiss] [440] K005112319 Yes
Boom, B.; Eisenberg, A. [6055] Venezuela K005112642 Yes
Sanchez, M.D.; Hamilton, M.A.; Manco, B.N.; Hicks, D.; Gibbs, E. [3] Turks and Caicos Islands K:SPC-66211.000 No
Lundell, C.L. [4283] Belize K005112464 Yes
Sparrow, M.; Brewster, P. [81] Mexico K000073211 No
[C. Swabey] [12950] Trinidad and Tobago K005112539 Yes
Schipp, W.A. [799] Belize K005112460 Yes
McVaugh, R. [21840] Mexico K000081245 No
Small, J.K.; Carter, J.J. [s.n.] K005112315 Yes
Ekman, E.L. [8582] Cuba K005112528 Yes
Ekman, E.L. [7680] Cuba K005112527 Yes
Wilson, P. [7937] Bahamas, The K005112521 Yes
Márquez, W. [529] Mexico K000081235 No
Márquez, W. [622] Mexico K000081233 No
Ramage, G.A. [s.n.] Saint Lucia K005112533 Yes
Dawe, M.T. [545] Colombia K005112636 Yes
Chagala, B.G. [824] Mexico K005112454 Yes
Ratter, J.A.; Atkinson, R.; Bisset, H.A.; Bridgewater, S. [R6592] Belize K005112456 Yes
Jansen-Jacobs, M.J.; ter Welle, B.J.H.; Sipman, H.J.M.; James, V. [2695] Guyana K005112583 Yes
Smith, H.H.; Smith, G.W. [B143] K005112548 Yes
[Faeger] [112] K005112530 Yes
Gentle, P.H. [2489] Belize K005112463 Yes
Curtiss, A.H. [440] K005112314 Yes
John, I.; Northrop, A.R. [64] Bahamas, The K005112546 Yes
s.coll. [238] Grenada K005112531 Yes
Curtiss, A.H. [33] Bahamas, The K005112525 Yes
Lundell, C.L. [3013] Guatemala K000081221 No
Lundell, C.L. [491] Belize K005112459 Yes
Pennington, T.D.; Sarukán K., J. [9112] Mexico K000081243 No
Contreras, E. [1034] Guatemala K000530894 Isotype Yes
Edwards, J.B. [366] Honduras K005112461 Yes
Pennington, T.D.; Sarukán K., J. [9638] Mexico K000081241 No
Ibarra-Manríquez, G. [5634] Mexico K005112450 Yes
Hoffman, B.; Jacobs, J.; Jacobs, R.; Capellaro, C. [1117] Guyana K005112582 Yes
Beaman, J.H. [6192] Mexico K000081234 No
Zarucchi, J.L.; Brant, A.E.; Castano, C.J. [5468] Colombia K005112634 Yes
Rico, L.; Salazar, C.; Gómez, M. [1162] Mexico K000081237 No
Sandwith, N.Y. [1704] Trinidad and Tobago K005112537 Yes
Stoffers, A.L. [671] Bolivia K005112549 Yes
Dominica Bursera gummifera K:SPC-65488.000 No
Téllez V., O. [12804] Mexico Bursera arborea K000080639 No
McVaugh, R. [15214] Mexico Bursera arborea K000080643 No
McVaugh, R. [15794] Mexico Bursera arborea K000080642 No
Ibarra-Manriquez, G.; Cruz, J.M.; Melgoza, M.; López, A.R. [5977] Mexico Bursera arborea K005112324 Yes
McVaugh, R. [15642] Mexico Bursera arborea K000080641 No
McVaugh, R. [20814] Mexico Bursera arborea K000080644 No
McVaugh, R. [15558] Mexico Bursera arborea K000080640 No
Rueda, P.M. [355] Mexico Bursera arborea K005112325 Yes
Jan 1, 1913 Boldingh, I. [6545] Aruba Bursera bonairensis K000530890 Unknown Type Material Yes

Sources

  • Angiosperm Extinction Risk Predictions v1

    • Angiosperm Threat Predictions
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

  • Catálogo de Plantas y Líquenes de Colombia

    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Flora of the Cayman Islands

    • Flora of the Cayman Islands
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Herbarium Catalogue Specimens

    • 'The Herbarium Catalogue, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the Internet http://www.kew.org/herbcat [accessed on Day Month Year]'. Please enter the date on which you consulted the system.
    • Digital Image © Board of Trustees, RBG Kew http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

  • IUCN Categories

    • IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Kew Backbone Distributions

    • The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants 2024. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and https://powo.science.kew.org/
    • © Copyright 2023 World Checklist of Vascular Plants. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

  • Kew Names and Taxonomic Backbone

    • The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants 2024. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and https://powo.science.kew.org/
    • © Copyright 2023 International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

  • Kew Science Photographs

    • Copyright applied to individual images

  • Universidad Nacional de Colombia

    • ColPlantA database
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Useful Plants and Fungi of Colombia

    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0