Raphanus L.

Native to:

Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Altay, Austria, Azores, Baleares, Baltic States, Belarus, Belgium, Bulgaria, Canary Is., Central European Rus, Corse, Cyprus, Czechoslovakia, Denmark, East Aegean Is., East European Russia, Egypt, Finland, France, Germany, Great Britain, Greece, Hungary, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Italy, Kazakhstan, Kirgizstan, Krym, Lebanon-Syria, Libya, Madeira, Morocco, Netherlands, North Caucasus, North European Russi, Northwest European R, Norway, Pakistan, Palestine, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Sardegna, Sicilia, South European Russi, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Transcaucasus, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkey-in-Europe, Ukraine, Uzbekistan, Yugoslavia

Introduced into:

Alabama, Alaska, Alberta, Amur, Andaman Is., Angola, Argentina Northeast, Argentina Northwest, Argentina South, Arizona, Arkansas, Assam, Bahamas, Bangladesh, Bermuda, Bolivia, Brazil South, Brazil Southeast, Brazil West-Central, British Columbia, Buryatiya, California, Cape Provinces, Caroline Is., Chile Central, Chile North, Chile South, China North-Central, China South-Central, China Southeast, Chita, Colombia, Colorado, Connecticut, Costa Rica, Crozet Is., Cuba, Delaware, District of Columbia, Djibouti, Dominican Republic, East Himalaya, Ecuador, El Salvador, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Fiji, Florida, Free State, Galápagos, Georgia, Gilbert Is., Greenland, Guatemala, Gulf of Guinea Is., Gulf States, Hainan, Haiti, Hawaii, Idaho, Illinois, India, Indiana, Inner Mongolia, Iowa, Irkutsk, Jawa, Kamchatka, Kansas, Kazan-retto, Kentucky, Kenya, Kerguelen, Khabarovsk, Korea, Krasnoyarsk, Kriti, Kuril Is., Kuwait, KwaZulu-Natal, Labrador, Leeward Is., Lesotho, Louisiana, Magadan, Maine, Manchuria, Manitoba, Marianas, Marshall Is., Maryland, Massachusetts, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexican Pacific Is., Mexico Central, Mexico Northwest, Mexico Southwest, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Nepal, Nevada, New Brunswick, New Caledonia, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, New South Wales, New York, New Zealand North, New Zealand South, Newfoundland, Nicobar Is., North Carolina, North Dakota, Northern Provinces, Northern Territory, Nova Scotia, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oman, Ontario, Oregon, Paraguay, Pennsylvania, Peru, Primorye, Prince Edward I., Puerto Rico, Qinghai, Queensland, Québec, Rhode I., Rwanda, Réunion, Sakhalin, Saskatchewan, Saudi Arabia, South Australia, South Carolina, South Dakota, Sri Lanka, St.Helena, Sudan, Sumatera, Tadzhikistan, Taiwan, Tanzania, Tasmania, Tennessee, Texas, Tibet, Tristan da Cunha, Turkmenistan, Uruguay, Utah, Victoria, Vietnam, Virginia, Wake I., Washington, West Himalaya, West Virginia, Western Australia, Windward Is., Wisconsin, Wyoming, Xinjiang, Yakutskiya, Yemen, Zimbabwe

POWO follows these authorities in accepting this name:

• Govaerts, R., Nic Lughadha, E., Black, N., Turner, R. & Paton, A. (2021). The World Checklist of Vascular Plants, a continuously updated resource for exploring global plant diversity. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-021-00997-6. Scientific Data 8: 215.

Flora Zambesiaca

• Gen. Pl. ed. 5: 300 (1754).
• Sp. Pl. 2: 669 (1753)

Flora of Tropical East Africa

• L., Gen. Pl., ed. 5: 300 (1754)
• O.E. Schulz in E.P. IV. 105, 70: 194–210 (1919)
• Sp. Pl.: 669 (1753)