Family:
Caprifoliaceae Juss.

Scabiosa L.

This genus is accepted, and its native range is Temp. Eurasia, Macaronesia to N. Africa, Eritrea to S. Africa.

[FIQ]

Ghazanfar, S. A. & Edmondson, J. R (Eds). (2014) Flora of Iraq, Volume 5 Part 2: Lythraceae to Campanulaceae.

Morphology General Habit
Annual, biennial or perennial herbs, rarely suffruticose
Morphology Stem
Stems usually hairy
Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences
Inflorescence capitate
Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences Bracts
Involucel in fruit 8-ridged with a campanulate or rotate crown carrying a variable number of teeth Involucral bracteoles minute or absent
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Calyx
Calyx limb patelliform, stipitate or nearly sessile with 5 bristles
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Corolla
Corolla 5-fid.
Note
Scabiosa (from Lat. scabies, itch, which the rough (scurfy) leaves might have been used to cure.)

[FTEA]

Dipsacaceae, D. M. Napper. Flora of Tropical East Africa. 1968

Morphology General Habit
Erect perennial or annual herbs, usually markedly heterophyllous
Morphology Leaves
Leaves entire or deeply divided
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Receptacle
Receptacle bracts linear-lanceolate, much shorter than the flowers, glabrous or pubescent
Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences
Involucel smooth or 8-furrowed towards the top only or throughout its length, with a membranous many-veined entire or subentire erect or spreading limb Heads involucrate with 1–2 rows of foliaceous bracts shorter or longer than the flowers Inflorescence terminal
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Calyx
Calyx small with 5 teeth each produced into a long scabrid or barbed bristle; bristles subequal, spreading in fruit
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Corolla
Corolla 5-fid (4–6-fid flowers occur sometimes in the same head); lobes unequal
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers
Marginal flowers are usually considerably longer than the inner ones with a more asymmetric corolla
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Androecium Stamens
Stamens 4
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Gynoecium Stigma
Stigma oblique, entire.

[FZ]

Dipsacaceae, Margaret J. & J. F. M. Cannon. Flora Zambesiaca 7:1. 1983

Morphology General Habit
Annual or perennial herbs, often heterophyllous.
Morphology Leaves
Leaves opposite, simple or deeply divided.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences Capitulum
Capitula hemispherical or cylindrical, often on long peduncles, involucral bracts herbaceous, in 1 to several rows.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Receptacle
Receptacle bracts usually linear–lanceolate, shorter than the flowers, glabrous or pubescent.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences Bracts
Involucel tube cylindrical, smooth or furrowed, 4–8 ribbed, expanded above into a membranous, many veined, erect or spreading corona.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Calyx
Calyx small, usually with 5 bristle–like teeth, spreading in fruit.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Corolla
Corolla of 5 unequal lobes, (rarely 4–6), and a short tube, usually longer in the marginal flowers.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Androecium Stamens
Stamens 4.

Native to:

Albania, Algeria, Altay, Amur, Angola, Austria, Azores, Baleares, Baltic States, Belarus, Belgium, Botswana, Bulgaria, Burundi, Buryatiya, Cameroon, Canary Is., Cape Provinces, Central European Rus, China North-Central, China Southeast, Chita, Congo, Corse, Czechoslovakia, Denmark, East Aegean Is., East European Russia, Egypt, Eritrea, Ethiopia, France, Free State, Germany, Great Britain, Greece, Hungary, Inner Mongolia, Iran, Irkutsk, Italy, Japan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Khabarovsk, Kirgizstan, Korea, Krasnoyarsk, Kriti, Krym, KwaZulu-Natal, Lebanon-Syria, Lesotho, Libya, Madeira, Malawi, Manchuria, Mongolia, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Netherlands, North Caucasus, Northern Provinces, Palestine, Poland, Portugal, Primorye, Romania, Rwanda, Sardegna, Saudi Arabia, Sicilia, Sinai, South European Russi, Spain, Swaziland, Sweden, Switzerland, Taiwan, Tanzania, Transcaucasus, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkey-in-Europe, Turkmenistan, Tuva, Uganda, Ukraine, West Siberia, Xinjiang, Yakutskiya, Yemen, Yugoslavia, Zambia, Zaïre, Zimbabwe

Introduced into:

Argentina Northeast, Argentina Northwest, Bermuda, Brazil South, California, Chile Central, Chile North, Chile South, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Juan Fernández Is., Kansas, Maine, Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Oregon, Texas, Uruguay, Washington

Scabiosa L. appears in other Kew resources:

First published in Sp. Pl.: 98 (1753)

Accepted by

  • Caputo, P., Cozzolino, S. & Moretti, A. (2004). Molecular phylogeneticsof Dipsacaceae reveals parallel trends in seeddispersal syndromes Plant Systematics and Evolution 246: 163-175.
  • Tutin, T.G. & al. (eds.) (1976). Flora Europaea 4: 1-505. Cambridge University Press.

Literature

Flora of Iraq

  • Linnaeus, Gen. Pl. ed. 5: 43 (1754)
  • Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. ed. 1, 98 (1753);

Flora Zambesiaca

  • Gen. Pl., ed. 5: 43 (1754).
  • in Sp. Pl. 1: 98 (1753)

Flora of Tropical East Africa

  • L., Gen. Pl., ed. 5: 43 (1754)
  • Sp. Pl.: 98 (1753)

  • Flora Zambesiaca

    Flora Zambesiaca
    http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Flora of Iraq

    http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Flora of Tropical East Africa

    Flora of Tropical East Africa
    http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Kew Backbone Distributions

    The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families 2022. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/
    © Copyright 2017 World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

  • Kew Names and Taxonomic Backbone

    The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families 2022. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/
    © Copyright 2017 International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0