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This species is accepted, and its native range is America, Africa.
Ludwigia leptocarpa (Nutt.) Hara

[FZ]

Onagraceae, P. H. Raven. Flora Zambesiaca 4. 1978

Morphology General Habit
Robust hairy plants to 3 m. tall, often somewhat woody below, reclining at base but erect and well-branched, with erect floating pneumatophores arising from roots under water.
Morphology Leaves
Leaves 3·5–18 × 1–4 cm., long-hairy, broadly lanceolate, narrowly cuneate at base, the apex acuminate; main veins on each side of midrib 11–20; petiole 0·2–3·5 cm. long.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences Bracteoles
Bracteoles at base of ovary absent or rarely present, narrowly deltate.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Calyx
Sepals 5, rarely 4, 6 or 7, 5·5–11 × 1·5–3 mm., deltate-acuminate, long-hairy, with a narrow wing running down from the sinus between adjacent sepals to the apical portion of the ovary.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Corolla
Petals 5–11 × 4–8 mm., obovate.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Androecium Stamens
Stamens twice as many as the sepals; filaments 2–4 mm. long, the epipetalous ones shorter; anthers 1·2–1·6 mm. long, extrorse and thus not shedding pollen directly on the stigma.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Pollen
Pollen shed in tetrads.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Disc
Disk slightly elevated, the base of each epipetalous stamen surrounded by a depressed nectary densely covered with matted white hairs.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Gynoecium Style
Style 3–4·5 mm. long, glabrous; stigma 2–2·5 mm. across, c. 1 mm. high, globose, the upper 2/3 receptive.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits
Capsule 15–50 × 2·5–4 mm., relatively thin-walled, long-hairy, terete, dull light brown, with prominent ribs over the locules and less prominent ones over the septa, marked on the outside with bumps c. 0·5 mm. apart, corresponding to the position of the seeds, slowly and irregularly loculicidal; pedicels 2–20 mm. long.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Seeds
Seeds 1–1·2 mm. long, uniseriate in each locule of the capsule, horizontal, shiny pale brown, finely pitted, obovoid; raphe much narrower than the body of the seed; each seed loosely embedded in an easily detached horseshoe-shaped segment of firm pale brown endocarp c. 1–1·5 mm. thick and c. 1 mm. high.
Cytology
Chromosome number n=24 (in African populations).

[CPLC]

Bernal, R., Gradstein, S.R. & Celis, M. (eds.). 2015. Catálogo de plantas y líquenes de Colombia. Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá. http://catalogoplantasdecolombia.unal.edu.co

Distribution
Nativa en Colombia; Alt. 0 - 1500 m.; Amazonia, Guayana y Serranía de La Macarena, Llanura del Caribe, Pacífico, Valle del Magdalena.
Morphology General Habit
Hierba, subarbusto, arbusto
Conservation
No Evaluada

[FWTA]

Onagraceae, J. P. M. Brenan. Flora of West Tropical Africa 1:1. 1954

Morphology General Habit
Herb, sometimes slightly woody, to 6 ft. high
Morphology General Indumentum
Numerous, sometimes dense, spreading hairs, especially on young parts.

[FTEA]

Onagraceae, J. P. M. Brenan. Flora of Tropical East Africa. 1953

Morphology General Habit
Herb, sometimes slightly woody, 0.4–2 m. high, with more or less numerous sometimes dense spreading hairs especially on young parts, also with an “understorey” of more or less dense very short puberulous hairs (variants occur in the New World lacking the longer hairs or even completely glabrous).
Morphology Leaves
Leaves normally lanceolate to sometimes elliptic, variable in size according to position, mostly 3.5–15 cm. long, 1–4 cm. wide (only 2–3 mm. wide in a linear-leaved Cuban variant), usually acute at apex, lateral nerves 11–20 each side of midrib; petiole 2–20 mm. long.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Calyx
Sepals usually 5, sometimes 4, 6 or even 7, 5–10 mm. long, 1.5–2.25 mm. wide.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Corolla
Petals yellow, obovate, 5–11 mm. long, 4.5–8 mm. wide.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Androecium Stamens
Stamens twice as many as sepals.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Gynoecium Pistil
Apex of ovary, supporting the 3–4.5 mm. long style, flat or only slightly (to 0.75 mm.) raised.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits
Capsules thin-walled, slowly dehiscent, 1.5–4.5 (–5) cm. long, 2.5–4 mm. wide, marked on the outside with little bumps about 0.5 mm. apart, corresponding to the seeds; pedicels 0.2–2 cm. long.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Seeds
Seeds uniseriate in each cell, horizontal, each surrounded by but free within a horseshoe-shaped piece of powdery brown endocarp about 1–1.5 mm. long and 1 mm. wide, the actual seed flattened oblong-ellipsoid, narrow-raphed, 0.8–1 mm. long, 0.5 mm. wide, pale brown.
Figures
Fig. 2/6, (p. 7).
Habitat
Swamps, ditches, rivers, ponds and lakes; less than 120-1280 m.
Distribution
widely distributed in tropical Africa from Sierra Leone and the Anglo-Egyptian Sudan southwards to Portuguese East Africa, Angola and South-West Africain America from Georgia and Florida to the Argentineabsent from Asia T1 T4 T5 T8 U4 Z

Native to:

Alabama, Angola, Argentina Northeast, Arkansas, Benin, Bolivia, Botswana, Brazil North, Brazil Northeast, Brazil South, Brazil Southeast, Brazil West-Central, Burkina, Burundi, Cameroon, Caprivi Strip, Central African Repu, Chad, Colombia, Congo, Costa Rica, Cuba, Delaware, District of Columbia, Dominican Republic, El Salvador, Ethiopia, Florida, French Guiana, Gabon, Galápagos, Georgia, Guatemala, Guinea-Bissau, Gulf of Guinea Is., Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Illinois, Indiana, Ivory Coast, Jamaica, Kentucky, KwaZulu-Natal, Leeward Is., Louisiana, Madagascar, Malawi, Mali, Maryland, Mauritania, Mexico Central, Mexico Gulf, Mexico Northeast, Mexico Northwest, Mexico Southeast, Mexico Southwest, Mississippi, Missouri, Mozambique, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, North Carolina, Ohio, Oklahoma, Panamá, Paraguay, Pennsylvania, Peru, Puerto Rico, Rwanda, Senegal, Sierra Leone, South Carolina, Sudan, Suriname, Tanzania, Tennessee, Texas, Togo, Trinidad-Tobago, Uganda, Uruguay, Venezuela, Venezuelan Antilles, Virginia, West Virginia, Windward Is., Zambia, Zaïre, Zimbabwe

English
Water buttercup

Ludwigia leptocarpa (Nutt.) H.Hara appears in other Kew resources:

Date Reference Identified As Barcode Type Status
Jun 2, 2015 Hormia [153], Mexico K000905853
Oct 15, 2007 Philcox, D. [4946], Brazil K001077441
Jul 29, 1998 Heringer, E.P. [7295], Brazil K001077468
Feb 1, 1997 Pott, V.J. [1187], Brazil K001077471
Feb 9, 1991 Barros, F. de [2152], Brazil K001077472
May 28, 1981 Lowe, J. [4162], Brazil K001077469
Jan 1, 1978 Sagot, P. [796], French Guiana K000533265
Jan 1, 1975 Anderson, W.R. [10173], Brazil K001077466
Jan 1, 1974 Prance, G.T. [11082], Brazil K001077465
Jan 1, 1971 Prance, G.T. [2539], Brazil K001077443
Jan 1, 1971 Prance, G.T. [8044], Brazil K001077446
Jan 1, 1971 Irwin, H.S. [14362], Brazil K001077444
Jan 1, 1971 Prance, G.T. [5905], Brazil K001077442
Jan 1, 1971 Prance, G.T. [2547], Brazil K001077453
Jan 1, 1965 Irwin, H.S. [48791], Brazil K001077458
Jan 1, 1965 Eiten, G. [1961], Brazil K001077454
K000310790
Perrier de la Bâthie, J.M.H.A. [12641], Madagascar K000310868 Unknown type material
Ule, E. [5103], Brazil K001077463
Harley, R.M. [21981], Brazil K001077470
Donnell Smith, J. [2123], Guatemala K000533292
Burchell, W.J. [4519], Brazil K001077448
Burchell, W.J. [2595], Brazil K001077461
Trail, J.W.H. [323], Brazil K001077445
Ule, E. [5104], Brazil K001077462
Gardner, G. [2576], Brazil K001077450
Gardner, G. [2574], Brazil K001077447
Mexia, Y.E.J. [4345], Brazil K001077456
Philcox, D. [4439], Brazil K001077455
Trail, J.W.H. [321], Brazil K001077460
Hamilton, W.D. [370], Brazil K001077467
Trail, J.W.H. [323], Brazil K001077451
Spruce, R. [437], Brazil K001077449
Harley, R.M. [10800], Brazil K001077457
Gardner, G. [2576], Brazil K001077464
Trail, J.W.H. [322], Brazil K001077452
Glaziou, A.F.M. [21440], Brazil K001077459

First published in J. Jap. Bot. 28: 292 (1953)

Accepted by

  • Acevedo-Rodríguez, P. & Strong, M.T. (2012). Catalogue of seed plants of the West Indies Smithsonian Contributions to Botany 98: 1-1192.
  • Akoègninou, A., van der Burg, W.J. & van der Maesen, L.J.G. (eds.) (2006). Flore Analytique du Bénin: 1-1034. Backhuys Publishers.
  • Aké Assi, L. (2002). Flore de la Côte-d'Ivoire: catalogue systématique, biogéographie et écologie. II Boissiera 58: 1-401.
  • Bailey, C. & al. (2015). Guide to the Vascular Plants of Tennessee: 1-813. University of Tennessee press.
  • Boggan, J. Funck, V. & Kelloff, C. (1997). Checklist of the Plants of the Guianas (Guyana, Surinam, Franch Guiana) ed. 2: 1-238. University of Guyana, Georgetown.
  • Boudet, G., Lebrun, J.P. & Demange, R. (1986). Catalogue des plantes vasculaires du Mali: 1-465. Etudes d'Elevage et de Médecine Vétérinaire des Pays Tropicaux.
  • Boulvert, Y. (1977). Catalogue de la Flore de Centrafrique 2(1): 1-85. ORSTROM, Bangui.
  • Brako, L. & Zarucchi, J.L. (1993). Catalogue of the Flowering Plants and Gymnosperms of Peru Monographs in Systematic Botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden 45: i-xl, 1-1286. Missouri Botanical Garden.
  • Brunel, J.F., Hiepo, P. & Scholz, H. (eds.) (1984). Flore Analytique du Togo Phanérogames: 1-751. GTZ, Eschborn.
  • Catarino, L., Martins, E.S., Diniz, M.A. & Pinto-Basto, M.F. (2006). Check-list da flora vascular do parque natural das Lagos de Cufada (Guiné-Bissau) Garcia de Orta, Série de Botânica 17: 97-141.
  • Correa A., Mireya D. Galdames, Carmen Correa A., M. D., C. Galdames & M. S. de Stapf (2004). Catálogo de las Plantas Vasculares de Panamá: 1-599. Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute.
  • Cumana Campos, L.J. (2010). Clave para especies de Ludwigia L. (Onagraceae) de la región nor-oriental e insular de Venezuela depositadas en el herbario IRBR Acta botanica Venezuelica 33: 299-327.
  • Darbyshire, I., Kordofani, M., Farag, I., Candiga, R. & Pickering, H. (eds.) (2015). The Plants of Sudan and South Sudan: 1-400. Kew publishing, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  • Edwards, S., Tadesse, M., Demissew, S. & Hedberg, I. (eds.) (2000). Flora of Ethiopia and Eritrea 2(1): 1-532. The National Herbarium, Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia & The Department of Systematic Botany, Upps.
  • Figueiredo, E. & Smith, G.F. (2008). Plants of Angola Strelitzia 22: 1-279. National Botanical Institute, Pretoria.
  • Figueiredo, E., Paiva, J., Stévart, T., Oliveira, F. & Smith, G.F. (2011). Annotated catalogue of the flowering plants of São Tomé and Príncipe Bothalia, A Journal of Botanical Research 41: 41-82.
  • Garcia-Mendoza, A.J. & Meave, J.A. (eds.) (2012). Diversidad florística de Oaxaca: de musgos a angiospermas (colecciones y listas de especies), ed. 2: 1-351. Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México.
  • Germishuizen, G. & Meyer, N.L. (eds.) (2003). Plants of Southern Africa an annotated checklist Strelitzia 14: 1-1231. National Botanical Institute, Pretoria.
  • Greuter, W. & al. (eds.) (2021). Flora de la republica de Cuba : Serie A, Plantas vasculares 26: 1-166.
  • Hammel, B.E. & al. (eds.) (2007). Manual de Plantas de Costa Rica, volumen VI, Dicotyledóneas (Haloragaceae-Phytolaccaceae) Monographs in Systematic Botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden 111: 1-933. Missouri Botanical Garden.
  • Hokche, O., Berry, P.E. & Huber, O. (eds.) (2008). Nuevo Catálogo de la Flora Vascular de Venezuela: 1-859. Fundación Instituto Botánico de Venezuela.
  • Idárraga-Piedrahita, A., Ortiz, R.D.C., Callejas Posada, R. & Merello, M. (eds.) (2011). Flora de Antioquia: Catálogo de las Plantas Vasculares 2: 1-939. Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín.
  • Jones, R.L. (2005). Plant life of Kentucky. An illustrated guide to the vascular flora: 1-833. The universitry press of Kentucky.
  • Kral, R., Diamond, A.R., Ginzbarg, S.L., Hansen, C.J., Haynes, R.R., Keener, B.R., Lelong, M.G., Spaulding, D.D. & Woods, M. (2011). Annotated checklist of the vascular plants of Alabama: 1-112. Botanical reseach institute of Texas.
  • Launert, E. (ed.) (1978). Flora Zambesiaca 4: 1-658. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  • Lebrun, J.-P., Audru, J., Gaston, A. & Mosnier, M. (1972). Catalogue des Plantes Vasculaires du Tchad Méridional: 1-289. Institut d' Elevage et de Médecine Vétérinaire des Pays Tropicaux, Maisons Alfort.
  • Lebrun, J.p., Toutain, B., Gaston, A. & Boudet, G. (1991). Catalogue des Plantes Vasculaires du Burkina Faso: 1-341. Institut d' Elevage et de Médecine Vétérinaire des Pays Tropicaux, Maisons Alfort.
  • Lejoy, J., Ndjele, M.-B. & Geerinck, D. (2010). Catalogue-flore des plantes vasculaires des districts de Kisangani et de la Tshopo (RD Congo) Taxonomania 30: 1-307.
  • Lewalle, J. (1970). Liste floristique et répartition altitudinale de la flore du Burundi occidental: 1-84. Université officielle de Bujumbura.
  • Mohlenbrock, R.H. (2014). Vascular Flora of Illinois. A Field Guide, ed. 4: 1-536. Southern Illinois University Press, Carbondale.
  • Nelson Sutherland, C.H. (2008). Catálogo de las plantes vasculares de Honduras. Espermatofitas: 1-1576. SERNA/Guaymuras, Tegucigalpa, Honduras.
  • Paña-Chocarro, M.C., Espada-Mateos, C., Vera, M., Céspedes, G. & Knapp, S. (2010). Updated checklist of vascular plants of the Mbaracayú Forest Nature Reserve (Reserva Natural del Bosque Mbaracayú), Paraguay Phytotaxa 12: 1-224.
  • Peyre de Fabregues, B. & Lebrun, J.-P. (1976). Catalogue des Plantes Vascularies du Niger: 1-433. Institut d' Elevage et de Médecine Vétérinaire des Pays Tropicaux, Maisons Alfort.
  • Pérez-Farrera, M.Á., Martínez-Camilo, R., Martínez-Meléndez, N., Farrera-Sarmiento, O. & Maza-Villalobos, S. (2012). Listado florístico del Cerro Quetzal (Polígono III) de la reserva de la biosfera El Triunfo, Chiapas, México Botanical Sciences 90: 113-142.
  • Sita, P. & Moutsambote, J.-M. (2005). Catalogue des plantes vasculaires du Congo, ed. sept. 2005: 1-158. ORSTOM, Centre de Brazzaville.
  • Sosef, M.S.M. & al. (2006). Check-list des plantes vasculaires du Gabon Scripta Botanica Belgica 35: 1-438.
  • Stevens, W.D., Ulloa U., C., Pool, A. & Montiel, O.M. (2001). Flora de Nicaragua Monographs in Systematic Botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden 85: i-xlii, 1-2666. Missouri Botanical Garden.
  • Taton, A. (1967). Flore du Congo du Rwanda et du Burundi, Onagraceae: 1-25. Jardin Botanique National de Belgique, Bruxelles.
  • Troupin, G. (ed.) (1983). Flora du Rwanda 2: 1-603. Musee Royal de l'Afrique Centrale.
  • Villaseñor, J.L. (2016). Checklist of the native vascular plants of Mexico Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad 87: 559-902.
  • Zuloaga, F.O., Morrone, O. , Belgrano, M.J., Marticorena, C. & Marchesi, E. (eds.) (2008). Catálogo de las Plantas Vasculares del Cono Sur Monographs in Systematic Botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden 107: 1-3348. Missouri Botanical Garden.
  • de Moura Júnior, E.G. & al. (2015). Updated checklist of aquatic macrophytes from Northern Brazil Acta Amazonica 45: 111-132.

Literature

Catálogo de Plantas y Líquenes de Colombia

  • ColPlantA (2021). "ColPlantA. Facilitated by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the Internet; http://www.colplanta.org/"

Kew Backbone Distributions

  • Acevedo-Rodríguez, P. & Strong, M.T. (2012). Catalogue of seed plants of the West Indies Smithsonian Contributions to Botany 98: 1-1192.
  • Akoègninou, A., van der Burg, W.J. & van der Maesen, L.J.G. (eds.) (2006). Flore Analytique du Bénin: 1-1034. Backhuys Publishers.
  • Aké Assi, L. (2002). Flore de la Côte-d'Ivoire: catalogue systématique, biogéographie et écologie. II Boissiera 58: 1-401.
  • Bailey, C. & al. (2015). Guide to the Vascular Plants of Tennessee: 1-813. University of Tennessee press.
  • Barry, J. P. & Celles, J.S. (1991). Flore de Mauritanie 1: 1-359. Centre Regional de Documentation Pedagogique, Nice.
  • Boggan, J. Funck, V. & Kelloff, C. (1997). Checklist of the Plants of the Guianas (Guyana, Surinam, Franch Guiana) ed. 2: 1-238. University of Guyana, Georgetown.
  • Boudet, G., Lebrun, J.P. & Demange, R. (1986). Catalogue des plantes vasculaires du Mali: 1-465. Etudes d'Elevage et de Médecine Vétérinaire des Pays Tropicaux.
  • Boulvert, Y. (1977). Catalogue de la Flore de Centrafrique 2(1): 1-85. ORSTROM, Bangui.
  • Brako, L. & Zarucchi, J.L. (1993). Catalogue of the Flowering Plants and Gymnosperms of Peru Monographs in Systematic Botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden 45: i-xl, 1-1286. Missouri Botanical Garden.
  • Brenan, J.P.M. (1953). Flora of Tropical East Africa, Onagraceae: 1-21.
  • Brunel, J.F., Hiepo, P. & Scholz, H. (eds.) (1984). Flore Analytique du Togo Phanérogames: 1-751. GTZ, Eschborn.
  • Correa A., Mireya D. Galdames, Carmen Correa A., M. D., C. Galdames & M. S. de Stapf (2004). Catálogo de las Plantas Vasculares de Panamá: 1-599. Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute.
  • Cumana Campos, L.J. (2010). Clave para especies de Ludwigia L. (Onagraceae) de la región nor-oriental e insular de Venezuela depositadas en el herbario IRBR Acta botanica Venezuelica 33: 299-327.
  • Darbyshire, I., Kordofani, M., Farag, I., Candiga, R. & Pickering, H. (eds.) (2015). The Plants of Sudan and South Sudan: 1-400. Kew publishing, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  • Figueiredo, E. & Smith, G.F. (2008). Plants of Angola Strelitzia 22: 1-279. National Botanical Institute, Pretoria.
  • Figueiredo, E., Paiva, J., Stévart, T., Oliveira, F. & Smith, G.F. (2011). Annotated catalogue of the flowering plants of São Tomé and Príncipe Bothalia, A Journal of Botanical Research 41: 41-82.
  • Forzza, R.C., Zappi, D. & Souza, V.C. (2016-continuously updated). Flora do Brasil 2020 em construção http://reflora.jbrj.gov.br/reflora/listaBrasil/ConsultaPublicaUC/ResultadoDaConsultaNovaConsulta.do.
  • GBIF (2008-2020). Global Biodiversity Information Facility http://www.gbif.org/.
  • Garcia-Mendoza, A.J. & Meave, J.A. (eds.) (2012). Diversidad florística de Oaxaca: de musgos a angiospermas (colecciones y listas de especies), ed. 2: 1-351. Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México.
  • Hammel, B.E. & al. (eds.) (2007). Manual de Plantas de Costa Rica, volumen VI, Dicotyledóneas (Haloragaceae-Phytolaccaceae) Monographs in Systematic Botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden 111: 1-933. Missouri Botanical Garden.
  • Hokche, O., Berry, P.E. & Huber, O. (eds.) (2008). Nuevo Catálogo de la Flora Vascular de Venezuela: 1-859. Fundación Instituto Botánico de Venezuela.
  • Hutchinson, J., Dalziel, J.M. & Keay, R.W.J. (1954-1958). Flora of West Tropical Africa, ed. 2, 1: 1-828.
  • Jaramillo Díaz, P. & Guézou, A. (2017). CDF Checklist of Galapagos Vascular Plants - FCD Lista de especies de Plantas Vasculares de Galápagos http://www.darwinfoundation.org/datazone/checklists/vascular-plants/.
  • Jones, R.L. (2005). Plant life of Kentucky. An illustrated guide to the vascular flora: 1-833. The universitry press of Kentucky.
  • Kral, R., Diamond, A.R., Ginzbarg, S.L., Hansen, C.J., Haynes, R.R., Keener, B.R., Lelong, M.G., Spaulding, D.D. & Woods, M. (2011). Annotated checklist of the vascular plants of Alabama: 1-112. Botanical reseach institute of Texas.
  • Launert, E. (ed.) (1978). Flora Zambesiaca 4: 1-658. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  • Lebrun, J.-P., Audru, J., Gaston, A. & Mosnier, M. (1972). Catalogue des Plantes Vasculaires du Tchad Méridional: 1-289. Institut d' Elevage et de Médecine Vétérinaire des Pays Tropicaux, Maisons Alfort.
  • Lebrun, J.p., Toutain, B., Gaston, A. & Boudet, G. (1991). Catalogue des Plantes Vasculaires du Burkina Faso: 1-341. Institut d' Elevage et de Médecine Vétérinaire des Pays Tropicaux, Maisons Alfort.
  • Lejoy, J., Ndjele, M.-B. & Geerinck, D. (2010). Catalogue-flore des plantes vasculaires des districts de Kisangani et de la Tshopo (RD Congo) Taxonomania 30: 1-307.
  • Lewalle, J. (1970). Liste floristique et répartition altitudinale de la flore du Burundi occidental: 1-84. Université officielle de Bujumbura.
  • Mohlenbrock, R.H. (2014). Vascular Flora of Illinois. A Field Guide, ed. 4: 1-536. Southern Illinois University Press, Carbondale.
  • Nelson Sutherland, C.H. (2008). Catálogo de las plantes vasculares de Honduras. Espermatofitas: 1-1576. SERNA/Guaymuras, Tegucigalpa, Honduras.
  • Paña-Chocarro, M.C., Espada-Mateos, C., Vera, M., Céspedes, G. & Knapp, S. (2010). Updated checklist of vascular plants of the Mbaracayú Forest Nature Reserve (Reserva Natural del Bosque Mbaracayú), Paraguay Phytotaxa 12: 1-224.
  • Peyre de Fabregues, B. & Lebrun, J.-P. (1976). Catalogue des Plantes Vascularies du Niger: 1-433. Institut d' Elevage et de Médecine Vétérinaire des Pays Tropicaux, Maisons Alfort.
  • Pérez-Farrera, M.Á., Martínez-Camilo, R., Martínez-Meléndez, N., Farrera-Sarmiento, O. & Maza-Villalobos, S. (2012). Listado florístico del Cerro Quetzal (Polígono III) de la reserva de la biosfera El Triunfo, Chiapas, México Botanical Sciences 90: 113-142.
  • Sita, P. & Moutsambote, J.-M. (2005). Catalogue des plantes vasculaires du Congo, ed. sept. 2005: 1-158. ORSTOM, Centre de Brazzaville.
  • Sosef, M.S.M. & al. (2006). Check-list des plantes vasculaires du Gabon Scripta Botanica Belgica 35: 1-438.
  • Stevens, W.D., Ulloa U., C., Pool, A. & Montiel, O.M. (2001). Flora de Nicaragua Monographs in Systematic Botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden 85: i-xlii, 1-2666. Missouri Botanical Garden.
  • Troupin, G. (ed.) (1983). Flora du Rwanda 2: 1-603. Musee Royal de l'Afrique Centrale.
  • USDA, NRCS ( 2021-continuously updated). Natural Resources Conservation Services Plant Database http://plants.usda.gov/cgi_bin/topics.cgi?earl=checklist.html.
  • Villaseñor, J.L. (2016). Checklist of the native vascular plants of Mexico Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad 87: 559-902.
  • Zuloaga, F.O., Morrone, O. , Belgrano, M.J., Marticorena, C. & Marchesi, E. (eds.) (2008). Catálogo de las Plantas Vasculares del Cono Sur Monographs in Systematic Botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden 107: 1-3348. Missouri Botanical Garden.
  • de Moura Júnior, E.G. & al. (2015). Updated checklist of aquatic macrophytes from Northern Brazil Acta Amazonica 45: 111-132.

Catálogo de Plantas y Líquenes de Colombia
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Colombian resources for Plants made Accessible
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Flora Zambesiaca
Flora Zambesiaca
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

Flora of Tropical East Africa
Flora of Tropical East Africa
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

Flora of West Tropical Africa
Flora of West Tropical Africa
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Herbarium Catalogue Specimens
Digital Image © Board of Trustees, RBG Kew http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

Kew Backbone Distributions
The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families 2021. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/
© Copyright 2017 World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

Kew Names and Taxonomic Backbone
The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families 2021. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/
© Copyright 2017 International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

Plants and People Africa
Common Names from Plants and People Africa http://www.plantsandpeopleafrica.com/
© Plants and People Africa http://www.plantsandpeopleafrica.com http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/