Family:
Phyllanthaceae Martinov

Cleistanthus Hook.f. ex Planch.

This genus is accepted, and its native range is Tropical & S. Africa, Madagascar, Tropical & Subtropical Asia to W. Pacific.

[FZ]

Euphorbiaceae, A. Radcliffe-Smith. Flora Zambesiaca 9:4. 1996

Morphology General Habit
Monoecious or more rarely dioecious shrubs or trees.
Morphology General Indumentum
Indumentum simple.
Morphology Leaves
Leaves alternate, petiolate, stipulate, simple, entire, penninerved.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences
Inflorescences axillary, rarely terminal, fasciculate or pesudo-racemose, uni- or bisexual, bracteate; bracts soon falling.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers
Male flowers: sepals (4)5(6), valvate; petals (4)5(6), minute; disk ± annular or cupular, ± entire; stamens (4)5(6), filaments united below into a staminal column, free and spreading above, anthers basifixed, introrse, longitudinally dehiscent; pistillode (non-functional ovary) 3-lobed to tripartite. Female flowers: sepals and petals ± as in the male; disk annular, hypogynous or cupuliform, enveloping the ovary; ovary (2)3(4)-locular, ovules 2 per locule; styles (2)3(4), free or united at the base, 1–4 times bifid. Flowers proterogynous, pedicellate, fragrant.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits
Fruit (2)3(4)-lobed, septicidally dehiscent into as many bivalved cocci; endocarp woody, separating from the pericarp; columella persistent, apically dilated.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Seeds
Seeds (1)2 per coccus, ecarunculate; endosperm copious or scanty; cotyledons broad, thin or thick and fleshy, flat or folded.

[FTEA]

Euphorbiaceae, A. R.-Smith. Flora of Tropical East Africa. 1987

Morphology General Habit
Monoecious or more rarely dioecious shrubs or trees with a simple indumentum
Morphology Leaves
Leaves alternate, petiolate, stipulate, simple, entire, penninerved
Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences
Inflorescences axillary, rarely terminal, glomerulate, fasciculate or pseudospicate to pseudoracemose, bracteate, the bracts soon caducous, unisexual or bisexual
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers
Flowers pedicellate Male flowers: sepals (4–)5(–6), valvate, or slightly imbricate at the apex; petals (4–)5(–6), minute; disc pulvinate, annular or cupuliform, entire or sinuately lobed; stamens (4–)5(–6), united at the base into a staminal column, with the anthers longitudinally dehiscent; pistillode trilobate or tripartite, the lobes adherent Female flowers: sepals and petals ± as in the ♂ flowers; outer disc annular, inner disc annular or cupuliform and partially or completely enveloping the ovary; ovary (2–)3(–4)-locular, with 2 ovules per locule; styles (2–)3(–4), free or united at the base, 1–4 times bilobed or bifid
sex Male
Male flowers: sepals (4–)5(–6), valvate, or slightly imbricate at the apex; petals (4–)5(–6), minute; disc pulvinate, annular or cupuliform, entire or sinuately lobed; stamens (4–)5(–6), united at the base into a staminal column, with the anthers longitudinally dehiscent; pistillode trilobate or tripartite, the lobes adherent
sex Female
Female flowers: sepals and petals ± as in the ♂ flowers; outer disc annular, inner disc annular or cupuliform and partially or completely enveloping the ovary; ovary (2–)3(–4)-locular, with 2 ovules per locule; styles (2–)3(–4), free or united at the base, 1–4 times bilobed or bifid
Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits
Fruit (2–)3(–4)-lobed, dehiscing into (2–)3(–4) bivalved cocci; endocarp woody, separating from the pericarp at maturity; columella persistent
Morphology Reproductive morphology Seeds
Seeds (1–)2 per coccus; albumen scanty or copious; cotyledons thick and fleshy, thin and flat or thin and plicate.

Native to:

Andaman Is., Angola, Assam, Bangladesh, Bismarck Archipelago, Borneo, Burundi, Cabinda, Cambodia, Cameroon, Caroline Is., Central African Repu, China South-Central, China Southeast, Comoros, Congo, Equatorial Guinea, Fiji, Gabon, Ghana, Gulf of Guinea Is., Hainan, India, Ivory Coast, Jawa, Kenya, KwaZulu-Natal, Lesser Sunda Is., Liberia, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaya, Maluku, Mozambique, Myanmar, New Caledonia, New Guinea, New South Wales, Nicobar Is., Nigeria, Northern Provinces, Northern Territory, Pakistan, Philippines, Queensland, Rwanda, Sierra Leone, Solomon Is., Sri Lanka, Sulawesi, Sumatera, Tanzania, Thailand, Uganda, Vietnam, Zambia, Zaïre, Zimbabwe

Cleistanthus Hook.f. ex Planch. appears in other Kew resources:

Date Reference Identified As Barcode Type Status Has image?
Jan 1, 1994 Tchouto (Mbatchou), P. [818], Cameroon K000540098 No
Jan 1, 1994 Tchouto (Mbatchou), P. [853], Cameroon K000540097 No

First published in Hooker's Icon. Pl. 8: t. 779 (1848)

Accepted by

  • Govaerts, R. (1999). World Checklist of Seed Plants 3(1, 2a & 2b): 1-1532. MIM, Deurne.
  • Govaerts, R., Frodin, D.G. & Radcliffe-Smith, A. (2000). World Checklist and Bibliography of Euphorbiaceae (and Pandaceae) 1-4: 1-1622. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.

Literature

Flora of West Tropical Africa

  • Jablonszky in Engl. Pflanzenr. Euph. 8: 8 (1915).
  • —F.T.A. 6, 1: 621

Flora Zambesiaca

  • Jablonszky in Engler, Pflanzenr. [IV, fam. 147, viii] 65: 8 (1915).
  • Müller Argoviensis in De Candolle, Prodr. 15, 2: 503 (1866).
  • in Hooker’s Icon. Pl. 8: t. 779 (1848).

Flora of Tropical East Africa

  • G.P. 3(1): 268 (1880)
  • Hutch. in F.T.A. 6(1): 621 (1912)
  • J. Léon in B.J.B.B. 30: 421 (1960)
  • Jabl. in E.P. IV. 147(8): 8 (1915)
  • Muell. Arg. in DC., Prodr. 15(2): 503 (1866)
  • in F.C.B. 8(1): 5 (1962)
  • in Hook., Ic. Pl. 8, t. 779 (1848)

  • Flora Zambesiaca

    Flora Zambesiaca
    http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Flora of Tropical East Africa

    Flora of Tropical East Africa
    http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Herbarium Catalogue Specimens

  • Kew Backbone Distributions

    The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families 2022. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/
    © Copyright 2017 World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

  • Kew Names and Taxonomic Backbone

    The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families 2022. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/
    © Copyright 2017 International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0