Poaceae
Echinochloa

Echinochloa turneriana (Domin) J.M.Black

First published in Fl. S. Austral., ed. 2, 1: 72 (1943)
This species is accepted
The native range of this species is Central & E. Australia. It is an annual and grows primarily in the desert or dry shrubland biome.

Descriptions

Morphology General Habit
Annual. Culms erect, or geniculately ascending; 15-130 cm long; 3-6 -noded. Culm-nodes glabrous. Leaf-sheaths keeled; glabrous on surface. Ligule a fringe of hairs. Leaf-blades 5-30 cm long; 4-15 mm wide. Leaf-blade surface glabrous. Leaf-blade margins smooth, or scaberulous; glabrous, or ciliate; hairy at base. Leaf-blade apex acuminate.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences
Inflorescence composed of racemes. Racemes numerous; borne along a central axis; closely spaced; appressed; unilateral; 1-4 cm long; bearing 10-30 fertile spikelets on each. Central inflorescence axis 2.5-13 cm long; glabrous. Rhachis subterete; scabrous on margins. Spikelet packing 4 -rowed. Spikelets in pairs. Fertile spikelets pedicelled; subequal. Pedicels unequal; 0.2-1.1 mm long; scabrous.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences Spikelets
Spikelets comprising 1 basal sterile florets; 1 fertile florets; without rhachilla extension. Spikelets ovate; dorsally compressed; gibbous; cuspidate; 4-5.7 mm long; 1.7-2.2 mm wide; falling entire.
Fertile
Spikelets comprising 1 basal sterile florets; 1 fertile florets; without rhachilla extension. Spikelets ovate; dorsally compressed; gibbous; cuspidate; 4-5.7 mm long; 1.7-2.2 mm wide; falling entire.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences Bracts Glume
Glumes dissimilar; reaching apex of florets; thinner than fertile lemma. Lower glume ovate; clasping; 1.5-2.2 mm long; 0.33-0.5 length of spikelet; without keels; 3-7 -veined. Lower glume surface scabrous. Lower glume apex acute; mucronate. Upper glume elliptic, or ovate; 1 length of spikelet; membranous; without keels; 9 -veined. Upper glume surface scabrous. Upper glume apex cuspidate; mucronate.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Florets
Basal sterile florets barren; with palea. Lemma of lower sterile floret similar to upper glume; ovate; 1 length of spikelet; membranous; 5-7 -veined; concave across back; scabrous; obtuse. Fertile lemma ovate; gibbous; 3.8-5.5 mm long; indurate; much thinner above; shiny; without keel. Lemma margins involute. Lemma apex rostrate; laterally pinched. Palea reflexed at apex; indurate.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers
Anthers 3.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits
Caryopsis with adherent pericarp.
Distribution
Australasia: Australia.
Reference
Paniceae. Webster 1994.
[GB]

Extinction risk predictions for the world's flowering plants to support their conservation (2024). Bachman, S.P., Brown, M.J.M., Leão, T.C.C., Lughadha, E.N., Walker, B.E. https://nph.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/nph.19592

Conservation
Predicted extinction risk: not threatened. Confidence: confident
[AERP]

Sources

  • Angiosperm Extinction Risk Predictions v1

    • Angiosperm Threat Predictions
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

  • GrassBase - The Online World Grass Flora

    • Clayton, W.D., Vorontsova, M.S., Harman, K.T. and Williamson, H. (2006 onwards). GrassBase - The Online World Grass Flora.
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Herbarium Catalogue Specimens

    • Digital Image © Board of Trustees, RBG Kew http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

  • Kew Backbone Distributions

    • The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants 2026. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and https://powo.science.kew.org/
    • © Copyright 2023 World Checklist of Vascular Plants. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

  • Kew Names and Taxonomic Backbone

    • The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants 2026. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and https://powo.science.kew.org/
    • © Copyright 2023 International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0