Family:
Combretaceae R.Br.
Genus:
Lumnitzera Willd.

Lumnitzera racemosa Willd.

This species is accepted, and its native range is SE. Kenya to KwaZulu-Natal, W. Indian Ocean, Tropical & Subtropical Asia to SW. Pacific, Australia.

[FZ]

Combretaceae, A. W. Exell. Flora Zambesiaca 4. 1978

Morphology General Habit
Small tree up to 9 m. high or shrub; bark rough, reddish-brown; young branchlets reddish or grey, sometimes appressed-pubescent at first, soon 2, flower (x6); 3, longitudinal section of flower (x6), 2–3 from Vaughan 461; 4, young fruit (x4); 5, transverse section of fruit (x6), 4–5 from glabrescent.
Morphology Leaves
Leaf-lamina 2–9 x 1–3 cm., narrowly obovate or narrowly obovate-elliptic or narrowly elliptic, cuneate to the subsessile base or sometimes narrowed to appear subpetiolate.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences
Inflorescences of short axillary spikes 2–7 cm. long; rhachis glabrous.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers
Flowers sessile or nearly so.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Receptacle
Receptacle 6–8 mm. long, tubular or narrowly urceolate, laterally compressed, glabrous or pubescent, usually contracted just above the middle at the insertion of the 2 broadly ovate 1·5 mm. long sometimes ciliolate opposite or subopposite adnate bracteoles.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Calyx
Sepals 0·8–1 mm. long, broadly ovate-acuminate, gland-tipped or eglandular.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Corolla
Petals white or cream (? sometimes pink) or yellow (var. luted), 4 x 1 mm., narrowly elliptic or narrowly obovate-elliptic, glabrous.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Androecium Stamens
Stamens 10, equalling or slightly exceeding the petals.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Gynoecium Style
Style 6–7 mm. long, glabrous.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits
Fruit 10–12 x 3–5 mm., appressed-pubescent or glabrous; pericarp with a well-developed inner layer of sclerenchyma with a spoke-like appearance in cross-section.

[FTEA]

Combretaceae, G. E. Wickens. Flora of Tropical East Africa. 1973

Morphology General Habit
Small tree or shrub up to 9 m. high; bark rough, reddish brown; young branchlets reddish or grey, sometimes appressed pubescent at first, soon glabrescent.
Morphology Leaves
Leaves spirally arranged; lamina narrowly obovate or narrowly obovate-elliptic to elliptic, 2–8 cm. long, 1–3 cm. wide, apex rounded, cuneate to the subsessile base or sometimes narrowed to appear subpetiolate.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences
Inflorescences usually single, sometimes branched, axillary spikes 2–7 cm. long; rhachis glabrous.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers
Flowers sessile or nearly so.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Receptacle
Receptacle tubular or narrowly urceolate, laterally compressed, 6–8 mm. long, glabrousor pubescent, usually contracted just above the middle at the insertion of the 2 opposite or subopposite adnate bracteoles; bracteoles broadly ovate, 1.5 mm. long, sometimes ciliolate.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Calyx
Sepals broadly ovate-acuminate, 0.8–1 mm. long, sometimes gland-tipped.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Corolla
Petals white or cream (? sometimes pink) or yellow (var. lutea (Gaud.) Exell, confined to Timor), narrowly elliptic or narrowly obovate-elliptic, 4 mm. long, 1 mm. wide, glabrous.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Androecium Stamens
Stamens 10, equalling or slightly exceeding the petals.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Gynoecium Style
Style 6–7 mm. long, glabrous.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits
Fruit 10–12 mm. long, 3–5 mm. wide, appressed pubescent or glabrous; pericarp with a well-developed inner layer of sclerenchyma.
Figures
Fig. 13.

Native to:

Aldabra, Andaman Is., Bangladesh, Borneo, Cambodia, Chagos Archipelago, China Southeast, Comoros, Hainan, India, Jawa, Kenya, Korea, KwaZulu-Natal, Lesser Sunda Is., Madagascar, Malaya, Maldives, Maluku, Mozambique, Myanmar, Nansei-shoto, New Caledonia, New Guinea, Nicobar Is., Northern Territory, Philippines, Queensland, Seychelles, South China Sea, Sri Lanka, Sulawesi, Sumatera, Taiwan, Tanzania, Thailand, Vietnam, Western Australia

Introduced into:

Florida

Lumnitzera racemosa Willd. appears in other Kew resources:

Date Reference Identified As Barcode Type Status Has image?
Jeffrey, C. [789], Seychelles 24479.000 No
s.coll. [s.n.], Sri Lanka K000786920 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.], Sri Lanka K000786922 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.], Sri Lanka K000786921 Yes

First published in Neue Schriften Ges. Naturf. Freunde Berlin 4: 187 (1803)

Accepted by

  • Barthelat, F. (2019). La flore illustrée de Mayotte: 1-687. Biotope éditions.
  • Castle, G.E. (1994). Flore des Seychelles Dicotylédones: 1-663. Orstom Editions.
  • Chakrabarty, T., Lakra, G.S. & Chauhan, A.S. (2009). The family Combretaceae of Andaman and Nicobar islands Journal of Economic and Taxonomic Botany 33: 194-202.
  • Dy Phon, P. (2000). Dictionnaire des plantes utilisées au Cambodge: 1-915. chez l'auteur, Phnom Penh, Cambodia.
  • Flora of North America Editorial Committee (2021). Flora of North America North of Mexico 10: 1-456. Oxford University Press, New York, Oxford.
  • Germishuizen, G. & Meyer, N.L. (eds.) (2003). Plants of Southern Africa an annotated checklist Strelitzia 14: 1-1231. National Botanical Institute, Pretoria.
  • Girmansyah, D. & al. (eds.) (2013). Flora of Bali an annotated checklist: 1-158. Herbarium Bogorensis, Indonesia.
  • Iwatsuki, K., Boufford, D.E. & Ohba, H. (eds.) (1999). Flora of Japan IIc: 1-328. Kodansha Ltd., Tokyo.
  • Kress, W.J., DeFilipps, R.A., Farr, E. & Kyi, D.Y.Y. (2003). A Checklist of the Trees, Shrubs, Herbs and Climbers of Myanmar Contributions from the United States National Herbarium 45: 1-590. Smithsonian Institution.
  • Launert, E. (ed.) (1978). Flora Zambesiaca 4: 1-658. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  • Lê, T.C. (2003). Danh l?c các loài th?c v?t Vi?t Nam 2: 1-1203. Hà N?i : Nhà xu?t b?n Nông nghi?p.
  • Mostaph, M.K. & Uddin, S.B. (2013). Dictionary of plant names of Bangladesh, Vasc. Pl.: 1-434. Janokalyan Prokashani, Chittagong, Bangladesh.
  • Sheppard, C.R.C. & Seaward, M.R.D. (eds.) (1999). Ecology of the Chagos archipelago: 1-350. Westbury Academic & Scientific Publishing, Otley.
  • Turner, I.M. (1995). A catalogue of the Vascular Plants of Malaya Gardens' Bulletin Singapore 47(1): 1-346.
  • Turner, I.M. (2020). https://doi.org/10.36253/jopt-8891 epublication.
  • Wickens, G.E. (1973). Flora of Tropical East Africa, Combretaceae: 1-99.
  • Wu, Z., Raven, P.H. & Hong, D. (eds.) (2007). Flora of China 13: 1-548. Science Press (Beijing) & Missouri Botanical Garden Press (St. Louis).

Literature

Kew Backbone Distributions

  • Barthelat, F. (2019). La flore illustrée de Mayotte: 1-687. Biotope éditions.
  • Castle, G.E. (1994). Flore des Seychelles Dicotylédones: 1-663. Orstom Editions.
  • Dy Phon, P. (2000). Dictionnaire des plantes utilisées au Cambodge: 1-915. chez l'auteur, Phnom Penh, Cambodia.
  • Fosberg, F.R. (1957). The Maldive islands, Indian Ocean Atoll Research Bulletin 58: 1-37.
  • George, A.S. (ed.) (1990). Flora of Australia 18: 1-349. Australian Government Publishing Service, Canberra.
  • Girmansyah, D. & al. (eds.) (2013). Flora of Bali an annotated checklist: 1-158. Herbarium Bogorensis, Indonesia.
  • Kress, W.J., DeFilipps, R.A., Farr, E. & Kyi, D.Y.Y. (2003). A Checklist of the Trees, Shrubs, Herbs and Climbers of Myanmar Contributions from the United States National Herbarium 45: 1-590. Smithsonian Institution.
  • Launert, E. (ed.) (1978). Flora Zambesiaca 4: 1-658. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  • Mostaph, M.K. & Uddin, S.B. (2013). Dictionary of plant names of Bangladesh, Vasc. Pl.: 1-434. Janokalyan Prokashani, Chittagong, Bangladesh.
  • Sheppard, C.R.C. & Seaward, M.R.D. (eds.) (1999). Ecology of the Chagos archipelago: 1-350. Westbury Academic & Scientific Publishing, Otley.
  • USDA, NRCS ( 2021-continuously updated). Natural Resources Conservation Services Plant Database http://plants.usda.gov/cgi_bin/topics.cgi?earl=checklist.html.
  • Van Steenis, C.G.G.J. (ed.) (1948-1954). Flora Malesiana 4: 1-631. Noordhoff-Kolff N.V., Djakarta.
  • Wickens, G.E. (1973). Flora of Tropical East Africa, Combretaceae: 1-99.
  • Wu, Z., Raven, P.H. & Hong, D. (eds.) (2007). Flora of China 13: 1-548. Science Press (Beijing) & Missouri Botanical Garden Press (St. Louis).

Flora of Tropical East Africa

  • Battiscombe & Dale, Trees and Shrubs of Kenya Colony ed. 2: 36 (1936).
  • Dale & Greenway, Kenya Trees and Shrubs p. 147, fig. 29 (1961).
  • Engl. & Diels in Monographieen Afrikanischer Pflanzen-Familien und Gattungen 4: 34 (1900).
  • Engl. in Die Pflanzenwelt Ost-Afrikas und der Nachbargebiete, Theile C: 288 (1895).
  • Exell in Kirkia 7: 245 (1970).
  • J.P.M. Brenan, Check-lists of the Forest Trees and Shrubs of the British Empire no. 5, part II, Tanganyika Territory p. 142 (1949).
  • Laws. in Flora of Tropical Africa 2: 418 (1871).
  • Willd. in Neue Schrift. Ges. Naturf. Fr. Berlin 4: 187 (1803).

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