Combretaceae
Terminalia

Terminalia arjuna (Roxb. ex DC.) Wight & Arn.

First published in Prodr. Fl. Ind. Orient. 1: 314 (1834)
This species is accepted
The native range of this species is Indian Subcontinent to Myanmar. It is a tree and grows primarily in the seasonally dry tropical biome.

Distribution

Native to:

Assam, Bangladesh, India, Myanmar, Pakistan, Sri Lanka

Introduced into:

China Southeast, Mauritius, Rodrigues, Trinidad-Tobago, Venezuela, Venezuelan Antilles

Synonyms

Homotypic Synonyms

Heterotypic Synonyms

Classification

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Publications

POWO follows these authorities in accepting this name:

  • (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12228-023-09756-w. epublication.
  • Baksh-Comeau, Y., Maharaj, S.S., Adams, C.D., Harris, S.A., Filer, D.L. & Hawthorne, W.D. (2016). An annotated checklist of the vascular plants of Trinidad and Tobago with analysis of vegetation types and botanical 'hotspots'. Phytotaxa 250: 1-431.
  • Balkrishna, A. (2018). Flora of Morni Hills (Research & Possibilities): 1-581. Divya Yoga Mandir Trust.
  • Bosser, J. & al. (eds.) (1990). Flore des Mascareignes 90-106: 1. IRD Éditions, MSIRI, RBG-Kew, Paris.
  • Chakrabarty, T. & Kumar, V.S. (2017). Terminalia elliptica (Combretaceae) is not conspecific with T. arjuna. Phytotaxa 295: 297-300.
  • Darbyshire, I., Kordofani, M., Farag, I., Candiga, R. & Pickering, H. (eds.) (2015). The Plants of Sudan and South Sudan: 1-400. Kew publishing, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  • Hokche, O., Berry, P.E. & Huber, O. (eds.) (2008). Nuevo Catálogo de la Flora Vascular de Venezuela: 1-859. Fundación Instituto Botánico de Venezuela.
  • Kotiya, A., Solanki, Y. & Reddy, G.V. (2020). Flora of Rajasthan: 1-769. Rajasthan state biodiversity board.
  • Kress, W.J., DeFilipps, R.A., Farr, E. & Kyi, D.Y.Y. (2003). A Checklist of the Trees, Shrubs, Herbs and Climbers of Myanmar. Contributions from the United States National Herbarium 45: 1-590. Smithsonian Institution.
  • Nasir, E. & Ali, S.I. (eds.) (1970-1995). Flora of West Pakistan 1-131.
  • Pasha, M.K. & Uddin, S.B. (2013). Dictionary of plant names of Bangladesh, Vasc. Pl.: 1-434. Janokalyan Prokashani, Chittagong, Bangladesh.
  • Sarmah, K.K. & Borthakur, S.K. (2009). A checklist of angiospermic plants of Manas national park in Assam, India. Pleione 3: 190-200.
  • Smith, A.C. (1985). Flora Vitiensis Nova. A new flora for Fiji (Spermatophytes only) 3: 1-758. Pacific Tropical Botanical Garden, Lawai.
  • Wu, Z., Raven, P.H. & Hong, D. (eds.) (2007). Flora of China 13: 1-548. Science Press (Beijing) & Missouri Botanical Garden Press (St. Louis).

An alternative taxonomy had been proposed by the following authorities:

  • Singh, V., Singh, P. & Dash, S.S. (eds.) (2021). Flora of India 9: 1-482. Botanical Survey of India. [Cited as Terminalia cuneata.]

Kew Backbone Distributions

  • (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12228-023-09756-w. epublication.
  • Baksh-Comeau, Y., Maharaj, S.S., Adams, C.D., Harris, S.A., Filer, D.L. & Hawthorne, W.D. (2016). An annotated checklist of the vascular plants of Trinidad and Tobago with analysis of vegetation types and botanical 'hotspots'. Phytotaxa 250: 1-431.
  • Bosser, J. & al. (eds.) (1990). Flore des Mascareignes 90-106: 1. IRD Éditions, MSIRI, RBG-Kew, Paris.
  • Hokche, O., Berry, P.E. & Huber, O. (eds.) (2008). Nuevo Catálogo de la Flora Vascular de Venezuela: 1-859. Fundación Instituto Botánico de Venezuela.
  • Meena, S.L. (2012). A checklist of the vascular plants of Banaskantha district, Gujarat, India. Nelumbo 54: 39-91.
  • Nasir, E. & Ali, S.I. (eds.) (1970-1995). Flora of West Pakistan 1-131.
  • Pasha, M.K. & Uddin, S.B. (2013). Dictionary of plant names of Bangladesh, Vasc. Pl.: 1-434. Janokalyan Prokashani, Chittagong, Bangladesh.
  • Sarmah, K.K. & Borthakur, S.K. (2009). A checklist of angiospermic plants of Manas national park in Assam, India. Pleione 3: 190-200.
  • Smith, A.C. (1985). Flora Vitiensis Nova. A new flora for Fiji (Spermatophytes only) 3: 1-758. Pacific Tropical Botanical Garden, Lawai.
  • Wu, Z., Raven, P.H. & Hong, D. (eds.) (2007). Flora of China 13: 1-548. Science Press (Beijing) & Missouri Botanical Garden Press (St. Louis).

Other Data

Other Kew resources that provide information on this taxon:

Date Reference Identified As Barcode Type Status Has image?
Heringer, E.P.; Filgueiras, T.S.; Mendonca, R.C.; Pereira, B.A.S. [7123] Brazil K001242270 No
s.coll. [s.n.] India K000786107 Unknown Type Material Yes
[A.W.B. Higgeus] [17121] K004404138 Yes
Sumithraarachchi, D.B. [DBS366] Sri Lanka K004404164 Yes
Gamble, J.S. [12799] K004404140 Yes
[N.F. Palmer]; Worthington, T.B. [1631] Sri Lanka K004404158 Yes
Koyama, T. [13590] Sri Lanka K004404169 Yes
Sahni; Kamil [640] Sudan K004647343 Yes
Davidse, G. [7749] Sri Lanka K004404176 Yes
Bourne [2603] K004404143 Yes
Kostermans [27402] Sri Lanka K004404168 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K004649394 Yes
Barber, C.A. [6954] India K004404149 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K004649396 Yes
Edwards, F.C. [s.n.] K004404141 Yes
Kostermans [25255] Sri Lanka K004404166 Yes
Lushington, A.W. [s.n.] K004404139 Yes
Kostermans, A.J. [24300] Sri Lanka K004404174 Yes
Hohenacker, R.F. [s.n.] India K004404142 Yes
Philcox, D.; Weerasooriya, A. [10420] Sri Lanka K004404161 Yes
Worthington, T.B. [5841] Sri Lanka K004404171 Yes
s.coll. [12602] India K004404136 Yes
Bourne [2603] K004404144 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K000786112 Unknown Type Material Yes
Waas, S. [568] Sri Lanka K004404163 Yes
Gamble, J.S. [16457] K004404137 Yes
Bourne [s.n.] K004404145 Yes
Worthington, T.B. [5344] Sri Lanka K004404170 Yes
[Thwaites] [CP1603] Sri Lanka K004404156 Yes
Worthington, T.B. [7102] Sri Lanka K004404167 Yes
Matthew, K.M.; Venugopal, N. [RHT23105] K004404148 Yes
Gardner, G. [286] Sri Lanka K000786113 Unknown Type Material Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K004649392 Yes
Hooker, W.J.; Walker [49] Sri Lanka K004404157 Yes
Comanor, P.L. [1222] Sri Lanka K004404172 Yes
Sumithraarachchi, D.B. [DBS502] Sri Lanka K004404177 Yes
Fosberg, F.R.; Mueller-Dombois, D.; Wirawan, N.; Cooray, R.G.; Balakrishnan, N. [51049] Sri Lanka K004404165 Yes
Kostermans [24793] Sri Lanka K004404173 Yes
Mueller-Dombois, D.; Wirawan, N.; Cooray, R.G.; Balakrishnan, N. [69043004] Sri Lanka K004404159 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K004649395 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K004649393 Yes
Worthington, T.B. [215] Sri Lanka K004404160 Yes
Bourne [2604] K004404146 Yes
s.coll. [3979] India K000786145 Unknown Type Material Yes
Fosberg, F.R.; Mueller-Dombois, D.; Wirawan, N.; Cooray, R.G.; Balakrishnan, N. [51049] Sri Lanka K004404162 Yes
Worthington, T.B. [4356] K004404175 Yes
Barber, C.A. [302] India K004404147 Yes
s.coll. [Cat. no. 3979] Pentaptera glabra K001117823 Unknown Type Material Yes
s.coll. [Cat. no. 3979] India Pentaptera glabra K001117818 Unknown Type Material Yes
s.coll. [Cat. no. 3979] Pentaptera glabra K001117820 Unknown Type Material Yes
s.coll. [Cat. no. 3979] Pentaptera glabra K001117817 Unknown Type Material Yes
De Silva, F. [Cat. no. 3979] Pentaptera glabra K001117822 Unknown Type Material Yes
s.coll. [Cat. no. 3979] Pentaptera glabra K001117816 Unknown Type Material Yes
s.coll. [Cat. no. 3979] India Pentaptera glabra K001117819 Unknown Type Material Yes
Wallich, N. [Cat. no. 3979] India Pentaptera glabra K001117821 Unknown Type Material Yes

Sources

  • Angiosperm Extinction Risk Predictions v1

    • Angiosperm Threat Predictions
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

  • Art and Illustrations in Digifolia

    • Digital Image © Board of Trustees, RBG Kew

  • EBC Common Names

    • Common Names from Kew's Economic Botany Collection https://www.kew.org/science/collections-and-resources/collections/economic-botany-collection

  • Herbarium Catalogue Specimens

    • 'The Herbarium Catalogue, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the Internet http://www.kew.org/herbcat [accessed on Day Month Year]'. Please enter the date on which you consulted the system.
    • Digital Image © Board of Trustees, RBG Kew http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

  • Kew Backbone Distributions

    • The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants 2025. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and https://powo.science.kew.org/
    • © Copyright 2023 World Checklist of Vascular Plants. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

  • Kew Names and Taxonomic Backbone

    • The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants 2025. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and https://powo.science.kew.org/
    • © Copyright 2023 International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

  • Kew Science Photographs

    • Copyright applied to individual images