Trisetaria Forssk.

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Morphology General Habit

Annual. Culms erect (12/12), or geniculately ascending (10/12); slender (1/1); 4-23.82-80 cm long. Lateral branches lacking (1/1), or sparse (1/1). Ligule an eciliate membrane (15), or a ciliolate membrane (1). Leaf-blades linear (15), or lanceolate (1). Leaf-blade midrib conspicuous (2/2).

Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences

Inflorescence a panicle; subtended by an unspecialized leaf-sheath (15), or an inflated leaf-sheath (2); exserted (14), or embraced at base by subtending leaf (2). Panicle open (2), or contracted (8), or spiciform (6), or capitate (1). Spikelets solitary. Fertile spikelets pedicelled. Pedicels oblong (4/4).

Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences Spikelets

Spikelets comprising 1 fertile florets (2), or 2 fertile florets (11), or 3 fertile florets (6), or 4-5 fertile florets (3); with a barren rhachilla extension (11), or with diminished florets at the apex (5). Spikelets oblong (5), or cuneate (13); laterally compressed; 2-4.657-7.8 mm long; breaking up at maturity; disarticulating below each fertile floret. Rhachilla internodes glabrous (6/15), or pubescent (6/15), or pilose (3/15), or villous (2/15). Floret callus glabrous (5/10), or pubescent (5/10).

Fertile

Spikelets comprising 1 fertile florets (2), or 2 fertile florets (11), or 3 fertile florets (6), or 4-5 fertile florets (3); with a barren rhachilla extension (11), or with diminished florets at the apex (5). Spikelets oblong (5), or cuneate (13); laterally compressed; 2-4.657-7.8 mm long; breaking up at maturity; disarticulating below each fertile floret. Rhachilla internodes glabrous (6/15), or pubescent (6/15), or pilose (3/15), or villous (2/15). Floret callus glabrous (5/10), or pubescent (5/10).

Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences Bracts Glume

Glumes persistent; shorter than spikelet (4), or reaching apex of florets (2), or exceeding apex of florets (11); thinner than fertile lemma (11), or similar to fertile lemma in texture (4), or firmer than fertile lemma (1); parallel to lemmas (1), or gaping (15). Lower glume linear (5), or lanceolate (10), or elliptic (1), or oblong (2), or ovate (1); 0.5-0.8781-1 length of upper glume; hyaline (3), or membranous (11), or chartaceous (1), or cartilaginous (1); without keels (1), or 1-keeled (15); 1 -veined (10), or 2 -veined (2), or 3 -veined (7). Lower glume lateral veins absent (9), or distinct (6), or unequally thickened (1); without ribs (6/7), or ribbed (1/7). Lower glume surface smooth (14), or asperulous (2); glabrous (13), or puberulous (1), or pubescent (1), or pilose (1), or villous (1), or setose (1). Lower glume apex obtuse (1), or acute (3), or acuminate (11), or attenuate (3); muticous (13), or mucronate (3), or awned (2). Upper glume lanceolate (12), or elliptic (2), or oblong (2), or ovate (2); 0.8-1.287-2 length of adjacent fertile lemma; hyaline (3), or membranous (11), or chartaceous (1), or cartilaginous (1); with undifferentiated margins (15), or hyaline margins (1); 1-keeled; 3 -veined. Upper glume primary vein eciliate (15), or pectinately ciliate (1). Upper glume lateral veins without ribs (15), or ribbed (1). Upper glume surface smooth (14), or asperulous (2); glabrous (13), or puberulous (1), or pilose (2), or villous (1), or setose (1). Upper glume apex entire, or dentate (1); 2 -fid (1/1); obtuse (1), or acute (3), or acuminate (12), or attenuate (2); muticous (12), or mucronate (3), or awned (3); 1 -awned (3/3).

Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Florets

Fertile lemma lanceolate (11), or elliptic (1), or oblong (3), or obovate (2); membranous (14), or cartilaginous (2); of similar consistency on margins (14), or much thinner on margins (2); without keel (12), or keeled (4); 3 -veined (4), or 4 -veined (1), or 5 -veined (13). Lemma midvein without distinctive roughness (11), or scaberulous (4), or scabrous (1). Lemma lateral veins obscure (3/3). Lemma surface smooth (13), or asperulous (1), or scaberulous (1), or scabrous (1), or punctate (1); glabrous (14), or pubescent (4), or villous (1). Lemma margins eciliate (15), or ciliolate (1), or pubescent (1). Lemma apex entire (2), or dentate (12), or lobed (2); 2 -fid (14/14); incised 0.25-0.29-0.33 of lemma length; acute (1/3), or acuminate (2/3); mucronate (1), or awned; 1 -awned (6), or 3 -awned (10). Principal lemma awn apical (1), or subapical (3), or from a sinus (1), or dorsal (11); straight (5), or curved (3), or geniculate (12). Lateral lemma awns shorter than principal (9/9). Palea gaping; 0.66-0.7675-1 length of lemma; hyaline. Palea keels smooth (5), or scaberulous (5), or scabrous (6). Palea apex dentate (6/7), or lobed (1/7); muticous (15), or with excurrent keel veins (1), or awned (1). Apical sterile florets resembling fertile though underdeveloped (3/5), or distinct from fertile (2/5).

Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers

Lodicules 2 (7/7); membranous (6/6). Anthers 3. Ovary glabrous (15/15).

Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits

Caryopsis with adherent pericarp (15/15); lanceolate (1/2), or fusiform (1/2); laterally compressed (1/1); concavo-convex (1/1). Embryo 0.1-0.1312-0.15 length of caryopsis. Hilum punctiform (15/15).

Distribution

Europe (10), or Africa (9), or Temperate Asia (6), or Tropical Asia (1).