Helminthotheca echioides (L.) Holub

Native to:

Albania, Algeria, Azores, Baleares, Bulgaria, Canary Is., Cape Verde, Corse, Cyprus, East Aegean Is., Egypt, France, Greece, Iran, Iraq, Italy, Kriti, Krym, Lebanon-Syria, Libya, Madeira, Morocco, North Caucasus, Palestine, Portugal, Sardegna, Sicilia, Spain, Transcaucasus, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkey-in-Europe, Turkmenistan, Yugoslavia

Introduced into:

Alberta, Arizona, Austria, Baltic States, Belarus, Belgium, California, Cape Provinces, Chatham Is., Connecticut, Czechoslovakia, Denmark, District of Columbia, Ethiopia, Free State, Germany, Great Britain, Hungary, Iowa, Ireland, KwaZulu-Natal, Maine, Massachusetts, Mexico Northwest, Missouri, Montana, Netherlands, New Brunswick, New Jersey, New South Wales, New York, New Zealand North, North Dakota, Northern Provinces, Norway, Ohio, Ontario, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Poland, Queensland, Romania, Saskatchewan, South Australia, Switzerland, Tasmania, Uruguay, Vermont, Victoria, Virginia, Western Australia, Zimbabwe

POWO follows these authorities in accepting this name:

• Ghazanfar, S.A., Edmondson, J.R. & Hind, D.J.N. (eds.) (2019). Flora of Iraq 6: 1-458. Ministry of Agriculture & Agrarian Reform, Baghdad.
• Hassler, M. & Muer, T. (2022). Flora Germanica: alle Farn- und Blütenpflanzen Deutschlands in Text und Bild 2: 865-1712. Verlag Regionalkultur, Uberstadt-Weiher.
• Muer, T., Sauerbier, H. & Cabrara Calixto, F. (2020). Die Farn- und Blütenpflanzen Madeiras: 1-792. Verlag und Versandbuchhandlung Andreas Kleinsteuber.
• Roskov Y. & al. (eds.) (2018). Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life Naturalis, Leiden, the Netherlands.
• Stace, C. (2019). New Flora of the British Isles ed. 4: 1-1266. C & M Floristics.
• de Salas, MF, Baker, ML (2022). A Census of the Vascular Plants of Tasmania, including Macquarie Island: 1-161. Tasmanian Herbarium, Tasmanian Museum and Art Gallery, Hobart. https://flora.tmag.tas.gov.au/resources/census/.

Flora of Iraq

• Boulos & Hind in Fl. Egypt 3: 279, pl. 67 (2002)
• Feinbrun-Dothan, Fl. Palaest. 3: 421, t. 711 (1978)
• Holub, Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 8: 176 (1973)
• Lack in Dissertationem Univ. Wien 116 (1975)
• Lack, Fl. Turkey 5: 684 (1975)
• Lack, in Fl. Iranica 122: 136 (1977)
• Taifour & El-Oqlah, Pl. Jordan Ann. Checkl.: 42 (2017).

Kew Backbone Distributions

• (2013). https://protect-eu.mimecast.com/s/V38fC5Rg7SM7AW8CzfGZW. epublication.
• Mirek, Z., Piękoś-Mirkowa, H., Zając, A. & Zając, M (2020). Vascular plants of Poland an annotated checklist: 1-526. W. Szafer institute of botany, Polish academy of sciences, Krakow, Poland.
• Stace, C. (2019). New Flora of the British Isles ed. 4: 1-1266. C & M Floristics.