Family:
Asteraceae Bercht. & J.Presl
Genus:
Launaea Cass.

Launaea intybacea (Jacq.) Beauverd

This species is accepted, and its native range is Tropical & Subtropical Old World. It is used as animal food and a medicine and for food.

[FZ]

Compositae, G. V. Pope. Flora Zambesiaca 6:1. 1992

Morphology General Habit
An erect glabrous annual herb.
Morphology Stem
Stems up to c. 1(2) m. tall, hollow, leafy throughout or leaves ± crowded below, divaricately branched above; branches up to c. 50(65) cm. long, ascending.
Morphology Leaves
Leaves up to c. 24 x 9.5 cm., decreasing in size towards the stem apex, broadly oblanceolate-elliptic in outline, runcinate or remotely pinnately-lobed, apices obtuse-acute to rounded, margins strongly acicular-denticulate, bases sessile to subauriculate, midrib prominent beneath.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences Capitulum
Capitula numerous, subsessile to shortly-stalked, singly or in clusters of 2–8 spaced along the branches.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences Bracts Involucre
Involucres c. 10 x 2.5 mm. in flowering capitula, up to c. 12 x 4 mm. in fruiting capitula, conical-cylindric at first later spreading.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences Bracts Phyllaries
Phyllaries several-seriate, grading into the bracteoles of the capitulum stalk; the outer series imbricate increasing ± uniformly in length from c. 1.5–5 mm., then abruptly to 9–12 mm. long in the innermost, broadly ovate-acuminate on the outside and narrowly lanceolate-acute inside, all with a distinct hyaline margin, the midribs becoming swollen and corky towards the base.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Florets
Florets 20–26 per capitulum; corollas yellow, 11–13 mm. long, ligule c. 5 mm. long and lorate becoming purplish.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits
Achenes grey-black when ripe, 3–4 mm. long, subcylindric-ellipsoid somewhat flattened, constricted above or drawn out into a short distinct apical beak, ± 4-angular with ribs on the angles and 2 secondary ribs between the angles, ribs sharply rugose-muricate; pappus heterogeneous, white, copious, c. 7 mm. long, composed of stiff barbellate setae intermixed with numerous filamentous hairs.

[FTEA]

Compositae, H. Beentje, C. Jeffrey & D.J.N. Hind. Flora of Tropical East Africa. 2005

Morphology General Habit
Annual or biennial herb, erect, 0.3–2 m high; root system shallow; stems hollow, often purplish near the base, branching in the distal part of the plant, glabrous.
Morphology Leaves
Leaves crowded near the base or both basal and cauline, sessile, oblanceolate to broadly elliptic, often pinnatilobed with retrorse lobes, 4–30 cm long, 1.5–14 cm wide, base subauriculate, lobes deltoid, to 3 cm long, margins acicular-dentate, apex obtuse to rounded, glabrous.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences Capitulum
Capitula many, subsessile in large, lax panicles with long side branches; stalks of individual capitula 2–5 mm; involucre 10–12 mm long, conical-cylindric to spreading; phyllaries green, tinged with brown, ovate (outer) to lanceolate (inner), 1.5–12 mm, the outer extending down the stalk, acute, margins broad and hyaline, glabrous or minutely ciliate at the very apex.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Florets
Florets 20–26 per capitulum; corolla yellow or pale lemon yellow, the ligule drying purplish?, tube 6–8 mm long, distally pilose, ligule 4.5–5 mm long.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits
Achenes grey-black, subcylindric but slightly flattened, 3–4 mm long, with 4 main ribs and 8 thinner ones, all muricate, the apex narrowed into a beak up to 1 mm long; pappus white, 6–8 mm long, of mixed setae and downy hairs.
Habitat
Inland in dry riverbeds or on sparsely vegetated rocky slopes, on the coast in sand pockets on coral rock, on old masonry, and a weed in gardens and cultivation; 1–1800 m
Distribution
West Africa from Cape Verde Is. to Sudan, Ethiopia, Somalia, Angola, Mozambique, Namibia, Botswana, South Africa, Comoros, Madagascar, SeychellesArabia, S Asia, and the New World tropics K1 K6 K7 T2 T4 T6 T7 T8 Z

[UPFC]
Distribution
Biogeografic region: Caribbean. Elevation range: 100–120 m a.s.l. Naturalised in Colombia. Colombian departments: Atlántico, Bolívar, La Guajira.
Habit
Herb.
Ecology
Habitat according IUCN Habitats Classification: savanna, shrubland, artificial - terrestrial.
Vernacular
Cerraja

[FSOM]

M. Thulin et al. Flora of Somalia, Vol. 1-4 [updated 2008] https://plants.jstor.org/collection/FLOS

Morphology General Habit
Polymorphic annual herb, 15–150 cm high
Morphology Stem
Stems erect, either leafy in the lower half or leafless and leaves then in basal rosette
Morphology Leaves
Basal leaves up to 1.5–37 x 0.5–14 cm, obovate to spathulate, obtuse to acute, sinuate-dentate to runcinate, margin denticulate with white stiff teeth; stem leaves smaller, lanceolate, pinnatifid, sagittately auriculate
Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences
Synflorescences with many capitula, of few to many spreading-erect flowering axes Capitula often clustered at the nodes, with 12–35 florets; involucre slender, 9–13 mm long, inner phyllaries 8
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Florets
Florets pale yellow, ligule 5.5–6 mm long, linear; anthers (appendages excluded) 1.1–1.3 mm long
Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits
Achenes 3.2–4.5 mm long, the inner ones with 4 main ribs, greyish, weakly wrinkled, cuspidate to shortly rostrate, the marginal ones with a beak 1/8–1/4 of the achene length and 5 main ribs, sharply wrinkled, black (occasionally all pale); pappus 7–8 mm long, persistent, of outer downy hairs and inner bristles.
Distribution
S2, 3 probably originating from the SW Arabian Peninsula and Eritrea, now scattered along the southern edge of the Sahara to W Africa, introduced to E, SE, SW Africa and Madagascar, E Arabia, Pakistan, India, Sri Lanka and also to the Caribbean.
Ecology
Altitude range 0–100 m.
Vernacular
Burdab, burdet kuwene, kablaror, kable, warama caanoole, wanshaqaar (Somali).

[UNAL]

Bernal, R., G. Galeano, A. Rodríguez, H. Sarmiento y M. Gutiérrez. 2017. Nombres Comunes de las Plantas de Colombia. http://www.biovirtual.unal.edu.co/nombrescomunes/

Vernacular
cerraja

[CPLC]

Bernal, R., Gradstein, S.R. & Celis, M. (eds.). 2015. Catálogo de plantas y líquenes de Colombia. Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá. http://catalogoplantasdecolombia.unal.edu.co

Distribution
Nativa en Colombia; Alt. 100 - 120 m.; Llanura del Caribe.
Morphology General Habit
Hierba
Conservation
No Evaluada

[UPFC]
Use Animal Food
Used as animal food.
Use Food
Used for food.
Use Medicines
Medical uses.

Native to:

Angola, Botswana, Burkina, Cape Verde, Comoros, Djibouti, Egypt, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Gulf States, India, Ivory Coast, Kenya, Madagascar, Mauritania, Mozambique, Namibia, Niger, Nigeria, Northern Provinces, Oman, Pakistan, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Somalia, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Tanzania, West Himalaya, Yemen

Introduced into:

Aruba, Bahamas, Belize, Cayman Is., Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Florida, Guatemala, Haiti, Jamaica, Leeward Is., Marianas, Mexico Southeast, Netherlands Antilles, Nicaragua, Peru, Puerto Rico, Seychelles, Suriname, Texas, Transcaucasus, Trinidad-Tobago, Venezuela, Venezuelan Antilles

Launaea intybacea (Jacq.) Beauverd appears in other Kew resources:

Date Reference Identified As Barcode Type Status Has image?
Jan 1, 2016 Hooker, J.D. [202], Cape Verde K001134005 Yes
Dec 1, 1990 Lowe, R.T. [s.n.], Cape Verde K001134010 Yes
Jan 1, 1989 Schimper [1448], Ethiopia K000251730 isosyntype Yes
Kotschy [406] K000251731 isotype Yes
Moseley [s.n.], Cape Verde K001134006 Yes
Cardoso, J. [252], Cape Verde K001134011 Yes
s.coll. [Cat. no. 3144], Bangladesh Cacalia sonchifolia K001118636 Yes
s.coll. [Cat. no. 3144] Cacalia sonchifolia K001118637 Yes
Wallich, N. [Cat. no. 3144], Myanmar Cacalia sonchifolia K001118638 Yes
s.coll. [Cat. no. 3144] Cacalia sonchifolia K001118639 Yes
s.coll. [Cat. no. 3144] Cacalia sonchifolia K001118634 Yes
Gomez, W. [Cat. no. 3144], Myanmar Cacalia sonchifolia K001118633 Yes
s.coll. [Cat. no. 3144] Cacalia sonchifolia K001118632 Yes
s.coll. [Cat. no. 3144] Cacalia sonchifolia K001118635 Yes

First published in Bull. Soc. Bot. Genève, sér. 2: 2: 114 (1910)

Accepted by

  • Barthelat, F. (2019). La flore illustrée de Mayotte: 1-687. Biotope éditions.
  • Ghazanfar, S.A. (1992). An Annotated Catalogue of the Vascular Plants of Oman and their Vernacular names Scripta Botanica Belgica 2: 1-153.
  • Liogier, A.H. (1996). Flora de la Española 8: 1-588. Instituto Tecnológico de Santo Domingo.
  • Pruski, J.F. (ed.) (2018). Flora Mesoamericana 5(2): 1-608. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México, D.F.
  • Roskov Y. & al. (eds.) (2018). Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life Naturalis, Leiden, the Netherlands.

Literature

Catálogo de Plantas y Líquenes de Colombia

  • Bernal, R., Gradstein, S.R. & Celis, M. (eds.). 2015. Catálogo de plantas y líquenes de Colombia. Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá. http://catalogoplantasdecolombia.unal.edu.co

Kew Backbone Distributions

  • Liogier, A.H. (1996). Flora de la Española 8: 1-588. Instituto Tecnológico de Santo Domingo.
  • Pruski, J.F. (ed.) (2018). Flora Mesoamericana 5(2): 1-608. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México, D.F.

Flora of Somalia

  • Flora Somalia, (2000) Author: by N. Kilian [updated by M. Thulin 2008]

Flora of Tropical East Africa

  • Agnew, A.D.Q. & Agnew, S., Upland Kenya Wild Flowers, ed. 2: 229 (1994).
  • Beauverd in Bull. Soc. Bot. Genève ser. 2, 2: 114 (1910).
  • C. Jeffrey in Kew Bulletin 18: 472 (1966).
  • G.V. Pope in Flora Zambesiaca 6: 220, t. 40f (1992).
  • N. Kilian in Englera 17: 248 (1997).

Useful Plants and Fungi of Colombia

  • Bernal, R., Gradstein, S.R., & Celis, M. (eds.). (2020). Catálogo de Plantas y Líquenes de Colombia. v1.1. Universidad Nacional de Colombia. Dataset/Checklist. https://doi.org/10.15472/7avdhn
  • Burkill HM. (1995). The useful plants of west tropical Africa, Vols. 1-3. The useful plants of west tropical Africa, Vols 1-3.
  • Diazgranados et al. (2021). Catalogue of plants of Colombia. Useful Plants and Fungi of Colombia project. In prep.
  • Diazgranados, M., Allkin, B., Black N., Cámara-Leret, R., Canteiro C., Carretero J., Eastwood R., Hargreaves S., Hudson A., Milliken W., Nesbitt, M., Ondo, I., Patmore, K., Pironon, S., Turner, R., Ulian, T. (2020). World Checklist of Useful Plant Species. Produced by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Knowledge Network for Biocomplexity.
  • FPI (2021). Food Plants International. https://fms.cmsvr.com/fmi/webd/Food_Plants_World?homeurl=https://foodplantsinternational.com/plants/
  • GBIF.org (2021). GBIF species matching tool. https://www.gbif.org/tools/species-lookup
  • Instituto de Investigación de Recursos Biológicos Alexander von Humbodlt (2014). Plantas alimenticias y medicinales nativas de Colombia. 2567 registros, aportados por: Castellanos, C. (Contacto del recurso), Valderrama, N. (Creador del recurso, Autor), Bernal, Y. (Autor), García, N. (Autor). http://i2d.humboldt.org.co/ceiba/resource.do?r=ls_colombia_magnoliophyta_2014
  • Instituto de Investigación de Recursos Biológicos Alexander von Humboldt. (2014). Plantas alimenticias y medicinales nativas de Colombia. 2567 registros, aportados por: Castellanos, C. (Contacto del recurso), Valderrama, N. (Creador del recurso, Autor), Bernal, Y. (Autor), García, N. (Autor). http://i2d.humboldt.org.co/ceiba/resource.do?r=ls_colombia_magnoliophyta_2014
  • Medicinal Plant Names Services (MPNS) v.10 (2021); http://mpns.kew.org/
  • RBG, Kew (2021). Kew Economic Botany Collection. https://ecbot.science.kew.org/
  • Willis, K.J. (ed.) (2017). State of the World’s Plants 2017. Report. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.

  • Catálogo de Plantas y Líquenes de Colombia

    http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Colombian resources for Plants made Accessible

    ColPlantA 2021. Published on the Internet at http://colplanta.org
    https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

  • Flora Zambesiaca

    Flora Zambesiaca
    http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Flora of Somalia

    Flora of Somalia
    http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Flora of Tropical East Africa

    Flora of Tropical East Africa
    http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Herbarium Catalogue Specimens

    Digital Image © Board of Trustees, RBG Kew http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

  • Kew Backbone Distributions

    The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families 2022. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/
    © Copyright 2017 World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

  • Kew Names and Taxonomic Backbone

    The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families 2022. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/
    © Copyright 2017 International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

  • Kew Science Photographs

    Copyright applied to individual images

  • Universidad Nacional de Colombia

    ColPlantA database
    http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Useful Plants and Fungi of Colombia

    http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0