Asteraceae
Scolymus

Scolymus maculatus L.

First published in Sp. Pl.: 813 (1753)
This species is accepted
The native range of this species is Macaronesia, Medit. to Iraq, NE. Tropical Africa. It is an annual and grows primarily in the temperate biome.

Distribution

Native to:

Algeria, Baleares, Bulgaria, Canary Is., Cyprus, East Aegean Is., Egypt, Eritrea, Ethiopia, France, Greece, Iraq, Italy, Kriti, Lebanon-Syria, Libya, Madeira, Morocco, Palestine, Portugal, Sardegna, Sicilia, Spain, Sudan, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkey-in-Europe

Introduced into:

Belgium, Germany, Great Britain, New South Wales, North Carolina, Queensland

Synonyms

Heterotypic Synonyms

Classification

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Publications

POWO follows these authorities in accepting this name:

  • (2019). https://doi.org/10.7320/FlMedit29.071. epublication.
  • Ghazanfar, S.A., Edmondson, J.R. & Hind, D.J.N. (eds.) (2019). Flora of Iraq 6: 1-458. Ministry of Agriculture & Agrarian Reform, Baghdad.
  • Hassler, M. & Muer, T. (2022). Flora Germanica: alle Farn- und Blütenpflanzen Deutschlands in Text und Bild 2: 865-1712. Verlag Regionalkultur, Uberstadt-Weiher.
  • Muer, T., Sauerbier, H. & Cabrara Calixto, F. (2020). Die Farn- und Blütenpflanzen Madeiras: 1-792. Verlag und Versandbuchhandlung Andreas Kleinsteuber.
  • Roskov Y. & al. (eds.) (2018). Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life Naturalis, Leiden, the Netherlands.

Flora of Iraq

  • Anthony in Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 18: 292 (1935)
  • Blakelock in Kew Bull. 4: 62 (1949)
  • Boissier, Fl. Orient. 3: 713 (1875)
  • Boulos & Hind in Fl. Egypt 3: 269 (2002)
  • Dinsmore in Post, Fl. Syria, Palest. & Sinai ed. 2, 2: 123 (1933)
  • Feinbrun-Dothan, Fl. Palaest. 3: 407 (1978)
  • Guest in Dep. Agr. Iraq Bull. 27: 89 (1933)
  • L., Sp. Pl.: 813 (1753)
  • Matthews in Fl. Turkey 5: 624 (1975)
  • Nábělek in Publ. Fac. Sci. Univ. Masaryk 52: 47 (1925)
  • P.D. Sell in Fl. Europ. 4: 304 (1976)
  • Rawi, ibid. Tech. Bull. 14: 123 (1964)
  • Rechinger, Fl. Iranica 122: 5 (1977)
  • Taifour & El-Oqlah, Pl. Jordan Ann. Checkl.: 47 (2017).
  • Zohary in Dep. Agr. Iraq Bull. 31: 157 (1954)

Kew Backbone Distributions

  • (2019). https://doi.org/10.7320/FlMedit29.071. epublication.
  • Hassler, M. & Muer, T. (2022). Flora Germanica: alle Farn- und Blütenpflanzen Deutschlands in Text und Bild 2: 865-1712. Verlag Regionalkultur, Uberstadt-Weiher.

Other Data

Other Kew resources that provide information on this taxon:

Date Reference Identified As Barcode Type Status Has image?
Lindberg, H. [s.n.] Cyprus K002023664 No
Atchley, S.C. [307] Greece K002023632 No
Ellman, E.; Nelmes, E. [205] Spain K002023643 No
Kennedy, D. [28] Spain K002023775 No
s.coll. [3107/68] United Kingdom K002023627 No
Merton, L.F.H. [2454] Cyprus K002023665 No
Mason, N.H.; F.L.S. [s.n.] Portugal K002023735 No
Meyers, F.S.; Dinsmore, J.E. [6185] Jordan K002023673 No
Guest, E.R.; Rustan [2478] Iraq K002023659 No
Armitage, W. [s.n.] K002023628 No
Gouan [s.n.] France K002023630 No
Kyriakou, A. [1928] Cyprus K002023668 No
Aucher-Eloy, P.M.R. [3420] Türkiye K002023648 No
Schweinfurth, G. [495] Egypt K002023682 No
s.coll. [22] Portugal K002023641 No
Field, H.; Lazar, Y. [968] Iraq K002023678 No
Simpson, N.D. [1599] Egypt K002023684 No
[Lempsen] [s.n.] Algeria K002023742 No
Casey, E.C. [766] Cyprus K002023663 No
s.coll. [s.n.] Italy K002023639 No
Botany Staff [47140] Iraq K002023650 No
Maw, G. [s.n.] Morocco K002023740 No
Kyriakou, A. [1928] Cyprus K002023667 No
Rawi, A. [23163] Iraq K002023652 No
Davis [47811] Türkiye K002023647 No
Salzmann; Cass, H. [s.n.] Morocco K002023741 No
Karim, F. [39280] Iraq K002023649 No
Simpson, N.D. [4722] Egypt K002023687 No
Simpson, N.D. [1255] Egypt K002023685 No
s.coll. [s.n.] France K002023631 No
Davis [3555] Cyprus K002023661 No
s.coll. [2485] Spain K002023738 No
Syngrassides, A. [215] Cyprus K002023669 No
K:SPC-32363.000 No
Sintenis, P.E.E.; Rigo, G. [499] Cyprus K002023670 No
Guest, E.R.; Rustan [2478] Iraq K002023658 No
Simpson, N.D. [6090] Egypt K002023688 No
De Lotto, G.D. [16] K002023773 No
s.coll. [s.n.] Portugal K002023732 No
[C. Lauraes] [s.n.] K002023734 No
Sprague, T.A.; Hutchinson, J. [133] Spain K002023737 No
Chapman, E. [26201] Iraq K002023651 No
Hooker, J.D.; Hanbury, D. [s.n.] Syria K002023675 No
Neudecker [351] Egypt K002023683 No
Rogers, F.A. [0302] Iraq K002023680 No
Maas, P.J.M.; Maas, H. [9783] Italy K002023636 No
[Zuccarini] [560] Greece K002023633 No
Davis, P.H.; Hedge, I.C. [D.32701] Türkiye K002023677 No
Kennedy, D. [28] Spain K002023776 No
Graham, R.J.D. [s.n.] Iraq K002023679 No
Saint-Lager, J.B. [s.n.] Spain K002023645 No
Lowne, B.T. [s.n.] Syria K002023674 No
Porta, P.; Rigo, G. [207] Italy K002023637 No
Dinsmore, J.E. [10185] West Bank K002023672 No
s.coll. [176] Portugal K002023736 No
s.coll. [45[9]] K002023774 No
Noë [597] Germany K002023634 No
s.coll. [s.n.] Italy K002023638 No
Sintenis, P.E.E.; Rigo, G. [499] Cyprus K002023671 No
Prost [s.n.] Spain K002023646 No
Simpson, N.D. [3377] Egypt K002023686 No
Rawi, A. [21819] Iraq K002023653 No
Martinho, S. [s.n.] Portugal K002023640 No
s.coll. [0302] Iraq K002023656 No
s.coll. [s.n.] Australia K002023779 No
Atchley, S.C. [26] Portugal K002023642 No
Murray, R.P.; Prior, A. [s.n.] Spain K002023777 No
Guest, E.R.; Rustan [2478] Iraq K002023657 No
Atherton, G.E. [100] Cyprus K002023662 No
Sardagna, M. [s.n.] Italy K002023635 No
Della, A. [2878] Cyprus K002023666 No
Willmott, E.A.; Boivin [277] Spain K002023739 No
Omori, S.; Mokhtar, J.; [S. Abdilly] [37017] Iraq K002023660 No
Mandon, G. [s.n.] Portugal K002023733 No
Gillett [8408] Iraq K002023654 No
s.coll. [s.n.] K002023629 No
Lowne, B.T. [s.n.] Syria K002023676 No
Guest, E.R.; Rustan [2478] Iraq K002023655 No
Reverchon, E. [100] Spain K002023644 No

Sources

  • Angiosperm Extinction Risk Predictions v1

    • Angiosperm Threat Predictions
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

  • Flora of Iraq

    • Ghazanfar, S. A., Edmondson, J. R. (Eds). (2013-2019). Flora of Iraq, Volumes 5.1, 5.2 and 6.0. Kew Publishing
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Herbarium Catalogue Specimens

    • 'The Herbarium Catalogue, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the Internet http://www.kew.org/herbcat [accessed on Day Month Year]'. Please enter the date on which you consulted the system.
    • Digital Image © Board of Trustees, RBG Kew http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

  • Kew Backbone Distributions

    • The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants 2025. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and https://powo.science.kew.org/
    • © Copyright 2023 World Checklist of Vascular Plants. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

  • Kew Names and Taxonomic Backbone

    • The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants 2025. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and https://powo.science.kew.org/
    • © Copyright 2023 International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

  • Kew Science Photographs

    • Copyright applied to individual images