Meliaceae
Swietenia

Swietenia macrophylla King

First published in Hooker's Icon. Pl. 16: t. 1550 (1886)
This species is accepted
The native range of this species is Mexico to Bolivia and Brazil. It is a tree and grows primarily in the wet tropical biome. It is has environmental uses, as animal food, a medicine and invertebrate food and for food.

Distribution

Native to:

Belize, Bolivia, Brazil North, Brazil Northeast, Brazil West-Central, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico Central, Mexico Gulf, Mexico Northeast, Mexico Northwest, Mexico Southeast, Mexico Southwest, Nicaragua, Panamá, Peru

Introduced into:

Andaman Is., Bangladesh, Borneo, Caroline Is., Cayman Is., Comoros, Cuba, Dominican Republic, El Salvador, French Guiana, Haiti, Jamaica, Jawa, Laos, Leeward Is., Marianas, Nicobar Is., Puerto Rico, Seychelles, Solomon Is., Taiwan, Thailand, Trinidad-Tobago, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Venezuelan Antilles, Vietnam, Windward Is.

Synonyms

Heterotypic Synonyms

Classification

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Publications

POWO follows these authorities in accepting this name:

  • Acevedo-Rodríguez, P. & Strong, M.T. (2012). Catalogue of seed plants of the West Indies. Smithsonian Contributions to Botany 98: 1-1192.
  • Balick, M. J., M. H. Nee & D.E. Atha (2000). Checklist of the vascular plants of Belize. Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden 85: 1-246.
  • Barthelat, F. (2019). La flore illustrée de Mayotte: 1-687. Biotope éditions.
  • Berendsohn, W.G., Gruber, A.K. & Monterrosa Salomón, J. (2012). Nova Silva Cusatlantica. Árboles natinos e introducidos de El Salvador. Parte 2: Angiospermae - Familias M a P y Pteridophyta. Englera 29-2: 1-300.
  • Boggan, J. Funck, V. & Kelloff, C. (1997). Checklist of the Plants of the Guianas (Guyana, Surinam, Franch Guiana) ed. 2: 1-238. University of Guyana, Georgetown.
  • Castle, G.E. (1994). Flore des Seychelles Dicotylédones: 1-663. Orstom Editions.
  • Fosberg, F.R., Sachet, M.-H., Oliver, R. (1979). A geographical checklist of the Micronesian Dicotyledonae. Micronesica; Journal of the College of Guam 15: 41-295.
  • Hancock, I.R. & Henderson, C.P. (1988). Flora of the Solomon Islands. Research Bulletin Dodo Creek Research Station 7: 1-203.
  • Hokche, O., Berry, P.E. & Huber, O. (eds.) (2008). Nuevo Catálogo de la Flora Vascular de Venezuela: 1-859. Fundación Instituto Botánico de Venezuela.
  • Jørgensen, P.M. & León-Yánez, S. (eds.) (1999). Catalogue of the Vascular Plants of Ecuador. Monographs in Systematic Botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden 75: i-viii, 1-1181. Missouri Botanical Garden.
  • Jørgensen, P.M., Nee, M.H. & Beck., S.G. (eds.) (2013). Catálogo de las plantas vasculares de Bolivia. Monographs in Systematic Botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden 127: 1-1741. Missouri Botanical Garden.
  • Lê, T.C. (2003). Danh lục các loài thực vật Việt Nam 2: 1-1203. Hà Nội : Nhà xuất bản Nông nghiệp.
  • Mota de Oliveira, S. & Jansen-Jacobs, M.J. (eds.) (2016). Flora of the Guianas, Series A 31: 1-169. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  • Nelson Sutherland, C.H. (2008). Catálogo de las plantes vasculares de Honduras. Espermatofitas: 1-1576. SERNA/Guaymuras, Tegucigalpa, Honduras.
  • Newman, M., Ketphanh, S., Svengsuksa, B., Thomas, P., Sengdala, K., Lamxay, V. & Armstrong, K. (2007). A checklist of the vascular plants of Lao PDR: 1-394. Royal Botanic Gardens, Edinburgh.
  • Niembro Rocas, A., Vázquez Torres, M. & Sáchez Sáchez, O. (2010). Árboles de Veracruz 100 especies para la reforstación estratégica: 1-253. Gombierno del Estado de Veracruz, México.
  • Pandey, R.P. & Dilwakar, P.G. (2008). An integrated check-list flora of Andaman and Nicobar islands, India. Journal of Economic and Taxonomic Botany 32: 403-500.
  • Pasha, M.K. & Uddin, S.B. (2013). Dictionary of plant names of Bangladesh, Vasc. Pl.: 1-434. Janokalyan Prokashani, Chittagong, Bangladesh.
  • Plunkett, G.M., Ranker, T.A., Sam, C. & Balick, M.J. (2022). Towards a checklist of the vascular flora of Vanuatu. Candollea 77: 105-118.
  • Villaseñor, J.L. (2016). Checklist of the native vascular plants of Mexico. Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad 87: 559-902.
  • Wongprasert, T., Phengklai, C. & Boonthavikoon, T. (2011). A synoptic account of the Meliaceae of Thailand. Thai Forest Bulletin (Botany) 39: 210-266.

Catálogo de Plantas y Líquenes de Colombia

  • Bernal, R., Gradstein, S.R. & Celis, M. (eds.). 2015. Catálogo de plantas y líquenes de Colombia. Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá. http://catalogoplantasdecolombia.unal.edu.co

Useful Plants of Boyacá Project

  • Cárdenas, D. & Salinas, N. [eds.]. (2006). Libro rojo de plantas de Colombia. Especies maderables amenazadas parte I. Bogotá: Instituto Amazónico de Investigaciones Científicas SINCHI - Ministerio de Medio Ambiente, Vivienda y Desarrollo Territorial.
  • Kew’s Economic Botany collection in The State of the World’s Plants Report–2016. (2016). Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew https://stateoftheworldsplants.org/2016/
  • López-Camacho, R., Pulido, E., Diaz, J. (2016). APP Especies Maderables Versión 2 [online application software]. Retrieved from http://itunes.apple.com

Kew Backbone Distributions

  • Acevedo-Rodríguez, P. & Strong, M.T. (2012). Catalogue of seed plants of the West Indies. Smithsonian Contributions to Botany 98: 1-1192.
  • Barthelat, F. (2019). La flore illustrée de Mayotte: 1-687. Biotope éditions.
  • Berendsohn, W.G., Gruber, A.K. & Monterrosa Salomón, J. (2012). Nova Silva Cusatlantica. Árboles natinos e introducidos de El Salvador. Parte 2: Angiospermae - Familias M a P y Pteridophyta. Englera 29-2: 1-300.
  • Castle, G.E. (1994). Flore des Seychelles Dicotylédones: 1-663. Orstom Editions.
  • Forzza, R.C., Zappi, D. & Souza, V.C. (2016-continuously updated). Flora do Brasil 2020 em construção http://reflora.jbrj.gov.br/reflora/listaBrasil/ConsultaPublicaUC/ResultadoDaConsultaNovaConsulta.do.
  • Fosberg, F.R., Sachet, M.-H., Oliver, R. (1979). A geographical checklist of the Micronesian Dicotyledonae. Micronesica; Journal of the College of Guam 15: 41-295.
  • Hancock, I.R. & Henderson, C.P. (1988). Flora of the Solomon Islands. Research Bulletin Dodo Creek Research Station 7: 1-203.
  • Hokche, O., Berry, P.E. & Huber, O. (eds.) (2008). Nuevo Catálogo de la Flora Vascular de Venezuela: 1-859. Fundación Instituto Botánico de Venezuela.
  • Jørgensen, P.M. & León-Yánez, S. (eds.) (1999). Catalogue of the Vascular Plants of Ecuador. Monographs in Systematic Botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden 75: i-viii, 1-1181. Missouri Botanical Garden.
  • Jørgensen, P.M., Nee, M.H. & Beck., S.G. (eds.) (2013). Catálogo de las plantas vasculares de Bolivia. Monographs in Systematic Botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden 127: 1-1741. Missouri Botanical Garden.
  • Lê, T.C. (2003). Danh lục các loài thực vật Việt Nam 2: 1-1203. Hà Nội : Nhà xuất bản Nông nghiệp.
  • Mota de Oliveira, S. & Jansen-Jacobs, M.J. (eds.) (2016). Flora of the Guianas, Series A 31: 1-169. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  • Nelson Sutherland, C.H. (2008). Catálogo de las plantes vasculares de Honduras. Espermatofitas: 1-1576. SERNA/Guaymuras, Tegucigalpa, Honduras.
  • Newman, M., Ketphanh, S., Svengsuksa, B., Thomas, P., Sengdala, K., Lamxay, V. & Armstrong, K. (2007). A checklist of the vascular plants of Lao PDR: 1-394. Royal Botanic Gardens, Edinburgh.
  • Niembro Rocas, A., Vázquez Torres, M. & Sáchez Sáchez, O. (2010). Árboles de Veracruz 100 especies para la reforstación estratégica: 1-253. Gombierno del Estado de Veracruz, México.
  • Orchard, A.E. (ed.) (1995). Flora of Australia 16: 1-522. Australian Government Publishing Service, Canberra.
  • Pandey, R.P. & Dilwakar, P.G. (2008). An integrated check-list flora of Andaman and Nicobar islands, India. Journal of Economic and Taxonomic Botany 32: 403-500.
  • Pasha, M.K. & Uddin, S.B. (2013). Dictionary of plant names of Bangladesh, Vasc. Pl.: 1-434. Janokalyan Prokashani, Chittagong, Bangladesh.
  • Plunkett, G.M., Ranker, T.A., Sam, C. & Balick, M.J. (2022). Towards a checklist of the vascular flora of Vanuatu. Candollea 77: 105-118.
  • Villaseñor, J.L. (2016). Checklist of the native vascular plants of Mexico. Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad 87: 559-902.
  • Wongprasert, T., Phengklai, C. & Boonthavikoon, T. (2011). A synoptic account of the Meliaceae of Thailand. Thai Forest Bulletin (Botany) 39: 210-266.

Flora of Tropical East Africa

  • Dale, Introd. Trees Uganda: 66 (1953).
  • Ekebergia sp. 4 of W.J. Eggeling, Indigenous Trees of the Uganda Protectorate: 94 (1940).

Useful Plants and Fungi of Colombia

  • Bernal, R., Gradstein, S.R., & Celis, M. (eds.). (2020). Catálogo de Plantas y Líquenes de Colombia. v1.1. Universidad Nacional de Colombia. Dataset/Checklist. https://doi.org/10.15472/7avdhn
  • Burkill HM. (1995). The useful plants of west tropical Africa, Vols. 1-3. The useful plants of west tropical Africa, Vols 1-3.
  • CITES (2021). Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora. https://cites.org/eng/app/appendices.php
  • Diazgranados et al. (2021). Catalogue of plants of Colombia. Useful Plants and Fungi of Colombia project. In prep.
  • Diazgranados, M., Allkin, B., Black N., Cámara-Leret, R., Canteiro C., Carretero J., Eastwood R., Hargreaves S., Hudson A., Milliken W., Nesbitt, M., Ondo, I., Patmore, K., Pironon, S., Turner, R., Ulian, T. (2020). World Checklist of Useful Plant Species. Produced by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Knowledge Network for Biocomplexity.
  • FPI (2021). Food Plants International. https://fms.cmsvr.com/fmi/webd/Food_Plants_World?homeurl=https://foodplantsinternational.com/plants/
  • GBIF.org (2021). GBIF species matching tool. https://www.gbif.org/tools/species-lookup
  • GRIN (2021). Germplasm Resources Information Network from the United States Department of Agriculture. https://www.ars-grin.gov/
  • IUCN (2021). The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2021-2. https://www.iucnredlist.org.
  • Medicinal Plant Names Services (MPNS) v.10 (2021); http://mpns.kew.org/
  • PROTA (2021). Plants Resources of Tropical Africa. https://prota4u.org/database/
  • Plants for malaria, plants for fever: Medicinal species in Latin America, a bibliographic survey: Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  • RBG, Kew (2021). Kew Economic Botany Collection. https://ecbot.science.kew.org/
  • Willis, K.J. (ed.) (2017). State of the World’s Plants 2017. Report. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.

Other Data

Other Kew resources that provide information on this taxon:

Date Reference Identified As Barcode Type Status Has image?
Jan 1, 2009 Zappi, D.C.; Milliken, W.; Sasaki, D.; Frisby, S.; Piva, J. [1413] Brazil K000579692 No
José Valcárcel, P.F. [411-1/H] Peru K000047554 Yes
Williams, L. [3415] Peru K000047551 Yes
Pennington, T.D.; Sarukhan K, J. [9619] Mexico K004793977 Yes
Araujo-Murakami, A.; Fernández, A.; Parades, S.; Jove, G. [2167] Bolivia K004794058 Yes
Rivera, J. [268] El Salvador K001625577 No
Seidel, R. [2756] Bolivia K004794059 Yes
Williams, L. [8140] Peru K000047553 Yes
Pennington, T.D.; Sarukhan K, J. [9187] Mexico K004793978 Yes
Vásquez, R.; Jaramillo, N. [9450] Peru K004794052 Yes
Schmalzel, R. [429] Panama K004794042 Yes
Marcano-Berti, L.; Peña, I.S. [125-980] Venezuela K004794044 Yes
Abelardo Gutierrez, R. [176-AGR] Peru K000047555 Yes
Pennington, T.D.; Sarukhan K, J. [9629] Mexico K004793982 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] Belize K004793994 Yes
Abelardo Gutierrez, R. [177-AGR] Peru K000047556 Yes
Groves-Raines, S [190] Bolivia K:SPC-70000.243 No
s.coll. [s.n.] Belize K004793990 Yes
Abelardo Gutierrez, R. [177-AGR] Peru K004794056 Yes
Morales, J.F. [5310] Costa Rica K004793988 Yes
Freire, E.; Inmunda, M. [3218] Ecuador K004794048 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] Belize K004793997 Yes
s.coll. [1100] Bolivia K004794073 Yes
Couvreur, T.L.P.; Vargas, R.T. [202] Bolivia K004794061 Yes
Neill, D.; Palacios, W.A.; Gomez, P.; Ceron, C.; Marles, R. [6894] Ecuador K004794050 Yes
Soto, A.; Arroyo; Sims; Peña; Surubi [76] Bolivia K004794069 Yes
Abelardo Gutierrez, R. [160-AGR] Peru K000047557 Yes
Vethevelu, P.Vethevelu [FRI25333] Malaysia K004793909 Yes
Rodriguez, D.; Galan, P.; Paredes, M. [6218] El Salvador K001532129 No
Rodriguez, D.; Galan, P.; Brieschke, H. [4323] El Salvador K001532130 No
Arevalo, E. [639] Peru K000047549 Yes
Zuleta, J. [9] Ecuador K004794051 Yes
Abelardo Gutierrez, R. [176-AGR] Peru K000047558 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] Belize K004793996 Yes
Cheng, A.K. [FRI27543] Malaysia K004793910 Yes
Pennington, T.D.; Sarukhan K, J. [9186] Mexico K004793979 Yes
Saldias, M.; Jardim, A.; Surubi, J. [3848] Bolivia K004794068 Yes
Vesa [4] Fiji K004793912 Yes
Morales, J.F.; Hammel [6043] Costa Rica K004793985 Yes
[J. Derbyshire] [S1401/3] Fiji K004793915 Yes
Rafael La0 M. [30-RLM] Peru K004794054 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] Belize K004793991 Yes
King [s.n.] India K000542905 Type Yes
Goméz, L.D. [20717] Costa Rica K004793987 Yes
Damanu, E. [128] Fiji K004793913 Yes
Lundell, C.L. [613] Belize K004793989 Yes
Powell, C.W. [s.n.] Panama K004794041 Yes
Derbyshire, J. [S1401/4] Fiji K004793911 Yes
Gentry, A.; Aronson, J.; Ramirez, R. [27029] Peru K000047552 Yes
Zuleta, J. [60] Ecuador K004794049 Yes
Richards, P.W. [6206] Costa Rica K004793986 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] Belize K004793995 Yes
Krukoff, B.A. [5223] Brazil K000380878 Unknown Type Material Yes
Teodulfo Carrillo CH. [29] Venezuela K004794047 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] Colombia K004794043 Yes
Stead, J.W. [S182] Guatemala K004793984 Yes
s.coll. [1087] Bolivia K004794071 Yes
s.coll. [1104] Bolivia K004794072 Yes
Sarkinen, T. [501] Belize K004793992 Yes
Sarkinen, T. [804] Belize K004793993 Yes
Pennington, T.D.; Johnson, J.; Saldias, M. [13257] Bolivia K004794060 Yes
Tello [2109] Peru K004794055 Yes
s.coll. [CSIROS1407/1] Fiji K004793914 Yes
Tello [1130] Peru K004794053 Yes
s.coll. [181] Mexico K004793980 Yes
Pennington, T.D.; Sarukhan K, J. [9267] Mexico K004793976 Yes
Seidel, R.; Vargas, E.; Vidaurre, V.H.; Ticona, J.P.; Zuazo, W. [5460] Bolivia K004794062 Yes
Powell, C.W. [s.n.] Panama K004794040 Yes
Nee, M. [39091] Bolivia K004794070 Yes
Carballal, I.; Prescott, M. [89] Bolivia K:SPC-29047.775 No
Vargas, E.; Vaquiata, D.; Paz, R.C. [4086] Bolivia K004794063 Yes
Pennington, T.D.; Sarukhan K, J. [9388] Mexico K004793975 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] Bolivia K004794066 Yes
Gentry, A.; Mostacedo, B. [75557] Bolivia K004794065 Yes
Williams, L. [6221] Peru K000047550 Yes
Pennington, T.D.; Daza, A.; Revilla, J. [17369] Peru K004794057 Yes
Groves-Raines, S. [190] Bolivia K004794064 Yes
Salcedo, P. [238] Venezuela K004794045 Yes
Chimil, M.J.; Salazer, M.G. [31336] Mexico K004793972 Yes
Pennington, T.D.; Sarukhan K, J. [9371] Mexico K004793981 Yes
Pennington, T.D.; Sarukhan K, J. [9411] Mexico K004793983 Yes
Saldias, M.; Jardim, A.; Surubi, J. [3848] Bolivia K004794067 Yes
Bernardi, A.L. [5769] Venezuela K004794046 Yes
Pennington, T.D.; Johnson, J.; Saldias, M. [13257] Bolivia K004794074 Yes

Sources

  • Angiosperm Extinction Risk Predictions v1

    • Angiosperm Threat Predictions
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

  • Catálogo de Plantas y Líquenes de Colombia

    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Colombian resources for Plants made Accessible

    • ColPlantA 2021. Published on the Internet at http://colplanta.org
    • https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

  • Flora of Tropical East Africa

    • Flora of Tropical East Africa
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Herbarium Catalogue Specimens

    • 'The Herbarium Catalogue, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the Internet http://www.kew.org/herbcat [accessed on Day Month Year]'. Please enter the date on which you consulted the system.
    • Digital Image © Board of Trustees, RBG Kew http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

  • IUCN Categories

    • IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Kew Backbone Distributions

    • The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants 2024. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and https://powo.science.kew.org/
    • © Copyright 2023 World Checklist of Vascular Plants. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

  • Kew Living Collection Database

    • Common Names from Plants and People Africa http://www.plantsandpeopleafrica.com/

  • Kew Names and Taxonomic Backbone

    • The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants 2024. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and https://powo.science.kew.org/
    • © Copyright 2023 International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

  • Kew Science Photographs

    • Copyright applied to individual images

  • Universidad Nacional de Colombia

    • ColPlantA database
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Useful Plants and Fungi of Colombia

    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Useful Plants of Boyacá Project

    • ColPlantA database
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

  • Wood Anatomy Microscope Slides

    • Digital Image © Board of Trustees, RBG Kew http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/