Rutaceae
Zanthoxylum

Zanthoxylum fagara (L.) Sarg.

First published in Gard. & Forest 2: 186 (1890)
This species is accepted
The native range of this species is Tropical & Subtropical America. It is a shrub or tree and grows primarily in the wet tropical biome. It is used as a medicine and for food.

Distribution

Native to:

Argentina Northeast, Argentina Northwest, Bahamas, Bolivia, Brazil North, Brazil Northeast, Brazil South, Brazil Southeast, Brazil West-Central, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Florida, Galápagos, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Mexican Pacific Is., Mexico Central, Mexico Gulf, Mexico Northeast, Mexico Northwest, Mexico Southeast, Mexico Southwest, Nicaragua, Panamá, Paraguay, Peru, Texas, Trinidad-Tobago, Turks-Caicos Is., Uruguay, Venezuela, Venezuelan Antilles

Synonyms

Homotypic Synonyms

Accepted Infraspecifics

Classification

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Publications

POWO follows these authorities in accepting this name:

  • Acevedo-Rodríguez, P. & Strong, M.T. (2012). Catalogue of seed plants of the West Indies. Smithsonian Contributions to Botany 98: 1-1192.
  • Berendsohn, W.G., Gruber, A.K., Rodríguez Delcid, D. & Olmedo Galán, P. (2016). Nova Silva Cuscatlantica. Parte 3: Angiospermae - Familias R a Z y Gymnospermae. Englera 29(3): 1-356.
  • Brako, L. & Zarucchi, J.L. (1993). Catalogue of the Flowering Plants and Gymnosperms of Peru. Monographs in Systematic Botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden 45: i-xl, 1-1286. Missouri Botanical Garden.
  • Flora of North America Editorial Committee (2024). Flora of North America North of Mexico 13: 1-566. Oxford University Press, New York, Oxford.
  • Garcia-Mendoza, A.J. & Meave, J.A. (eds.) (2012). Diversidad florística de Oaxaca: de musgos a angiospermas (colecciones y listas de especies), ed. 2: 1-351. Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México.
  • Hammel, B.E., Grayum, M.H., Herrera, C. & Zamora, N. (eds.) (2014). Manual de Plantas de Costa Rica 7: 1-840. Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis.
  • Hokche, O., Berry, P.E. & Huber, O. (eds.) (2008). Nuevo Catálogo de la Flora Vascular de Venezuela: 1-859. Fundación Instituto Botánico de Venezuela.
  • Idárraga-Piedrahita, A., Ortiz, R.D.C., Callejas Posada, R. & Merello, M. (eds.) (2011). Flora de Antioquia: Catálogo de las Plantas Vasculares 2: 1-939. Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín.
  • Jørgensen, P.M., Nee, M.H. & Beck., S.G. (eds.) (2013). Catálogo de las plantas vasculares de Bolivia. Monographs in Systematic Botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden 127: 1-1741. Missouri Botanical Garden.
  • Nelson Sutherland, C.H. (2008). Catálogo de las plantes vasculares de Honduras. Espermatofitas: 1-1576. SERNA/Guaymuras, Tegucigalpa, Honduras.
  • Paña-Chocarro, M.C., Espada-Mateos, C., Vera, M., Céspedes, G. & Knapp, S. (2010). Updated checklist of vascular plants of the Mbaracayú Forest Nature Reserve (Reserva Natural del Bosque Mbaracayú), Paraguay. Phytotaxa 12: 1-224.
  • Reynel, C. (2017). Zanthoxylum (Rutaceae). Flora neotropica, monograph 117: 1-263. New York.
  • Villaseñor, J.L. (2016). Checklist of the native vascular plants of Mexico. Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad 87: 559-902.
  • Zuloaga, F.O., Morrone, O. , Belgrano, M.J., Marticorena, C. & Marchesi, E. (eds.) (2008). Catálogo de las Plantas Vasculares del Cono Sur. Monographs in Systematic Botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden 107: 1-3348. Missouri Botanical Garden.

Catálogo de Plantas y Líquenes de Colombia

  • Bernal, R., Gradstein, S.R. & Celis, M. (eds.). 2015. Catálogo de plantas y líquenes de Colombia. Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá. http://catalogoplantasdecolombia.unal.edu.co

Useful Plants of Boyacá Project

  • Kew’s Economic Botany collection in The State of the World’s Plants Report–2016. (2016). Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew https://stateoftheworldsplants.org/2016/

Kew Backbone Distributions

  • Acevedo-Rodríguez, P. & Strong, M.T. (2012). Catalogue of seed plants of the West Indies. Smithsonian Contributions to Botany 98: 1-1192.
  • Berendsohn, W.G., Gruber, A.K., Rodríguez Delcid, D. & Olmedo Galán, P. (2016). Nova Silva Cuscatlantica. Parte 3: Angiospermae - Familias R a Z y Gymnospermae. Englera 29(3): 1-356.
  • Brako, L. & Zarucchi, J.L. (1993). Catalogue of the Flowering Plants and Gymnosperms of Peru. Monographs in Systematic Botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden 45: i-xl, 1-1286. Missouri Botanical Garden.
  • Correll, D.S. & Correll, H.B. (1982). Flora of the Bahama Archipelago: 1-1692. J.Cramer, Vaduz.
  • Forzza, R.C., Zappi, D. & Souza, V.C. (2016-continuously updated). Flora do Brasil 2020 em construção http://reflora.jbrj.gov.br/reflora/listaBrasil/ConsultaPublicaUC/ResultadoDaConsultaNovaConsulta.do.
  • Garcia-Mendoza, A.J. & Meave, J.A. (eds.) (2012). Diversidad florística de Oaxaca: de musgos a angiospermas (colecciones y listas de especies), ed. 2: 1-351. Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México.
  • Hammel, B.E., Grayum, M.H., Herrera, C. & Zamora, N. (eds.) (2014). Manual de Plantas de Costa Rica 7: 1-840. Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis.
  • Hokche, O., Berry, P.E. & Huber, O. (eds.) (2008). Nuevo Catálogo de la Flora Vascular de Venezuela: 1-859. Fundación Instituto Botánico de Venezuela.
  • Idárraga-Piedrahita, A., Ortiz, R.D.C., Callejas Posada, R. & Merello, M. (eds.) (2011). Flora de Antioquia: Catálogo de las Plantas Vasculares 2: 1-939. Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín.
  • Jaramillo Díaz, P. & Guézou, A. (2017). CDF Checklist of Galapagos Vascular Plants - FCD Lista de especies de Plantas Vasculares de Galápagos http://www.darwinfoundation.org/datazone/checklists/vascular-plants/.
  • Jørgensen, P.M., Nee, M.H. & Beck., S.G. (eds.) (2013). Catálogo de las plantas vasculares de Bolivia. Monographs in Systematic Botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden 127: 1-1741. Missouri Botanical Garden.
  • Nelson Sutherland, C.H. (2008). Catálogo de las plantes vasculares de Honduras. Espermatofitas: 1-1576. SERNA/Guaymuras, Tegucigalpa, Honduras.
  • Paña-Chocarro, M.C., Espada-Mateos, C., Vera, M., Céspedes, G. & Knapp, S. (2010). Updated checklist of vascular plants of the Mbaracayú Forest Nature Reserve (Reserva Natural del Bosque Mbaracayú), Paraguay. Phytotaxa 12: 1-224.
  • Reynel, C. (2017). Zanthoxylum (Rutaceae). Flora neotropica, monograph 117: 1-263. New York.
  • USDA, NRCS ( 2021-continuously updated). Natural Resources Conservation Services Plant Database http://plants.usda.gov/cgi_bin/topics.cgi?earl=checklist.html.

Useful Plants and Fungi of Colombia

  • Bernal, R., Gradstein, S.R., & Celis, M. (eds.). (2020). Catálogo de Plantas y Líquenes de Colombia. v1.1. Universidad Nacional de Colombia. Dataset/Checklist. https://doi.org/10.15472/7avdhn
  • Diazgranados et al. (2021). Catalogue of plants of Colombia. Useful Plants and Fungi of Colombia project. In prep.
  • Diazgranados, M., Allkin, B., Black N., Cámara-Leret, R., Canteiro C., Carretero J., Eastwood R., Hargreaves S., Hudson A., Milliken W., Nesbitt, M., Ondo, I., Patmore, K., Pironon, S., Turner, R., Ulian, T. (2020). World Checklist of Useful Plant Species. Produced by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Knowledge Network for Biocomplexity.
  • FPI (2021). Food Plants International. https://fms.cmsvr.com/fmi/webd/Food_Plants_World?homeurl=https://foodplantsinternational.com/plants/
  • GBIF.org (2021). GBIF species matching tool. https://www.gbif.org/tools/species-lookup
  • IUCN (2021). The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2021-2. https://www.iucnredlist.org.
  • Medicinal Plant Names Services (MPNS) v.10 (2021); http://mpns.kew.org/
  • RBG, Kew (2021). Kew Economic Botany Collection. https://ecbot.science.kew.org/

Other Data

Other Kew resources that provide information on this taxon:

Date Reference Identified As Barcode Type Status Has image?
Dec 14, 2022 Ponce Vargas, A.; Rodríguez Arévalo, N.I.; Alvarez Lara, J.; Snell Cordero, J.; Suarez Itza, R. [APV 1835] Mexico K009001407 No
Jan 1, 1993 Matuda, E. [1489] Mexico K000531081 Type Yes
Jan 1, 1993 Hassler, E. [7296] Paraguay K000531094 Isotype Yes
Jan 1, 1993 Spruce, R. [4293] Peru K000201292 Yes
Elaine Arroyo da Silva [00014] Brazil K001173219 No
Curtiss, A.H. [434] United States K004664186 Yes
Palacios, W. [1499] Ecuador K004664660 Yes
Wood, J.R.I.; Villarroel, D.; Soto, D. [23472] Bolivia K004664641 Yes
Drummond [s.n.] K004664203 Yes
Wood, J.R.I. [17655] Bolivia K000543904 Yes
Eaton, A.A. [1013] K004664191 Yes
Pedersen, T.M. [4047] Paraguay K004664473 Yes
[F.G.] [s.n.] K004664661 No
Howell, J.T. [8343] K004664196 Yes
Ratter, J.A.; Pott, A.; Pott, V. [R5953] Brazil K001173211 No
Estrada, A. Costa Rica K004664355 Yes
Plowman, T.C.; Sagástegui A., A.; Mostacero L, J.; Mejía, F.R.; Peláez, F. [s.n.] Peru K004664653 Yes
Bernardi, A.L. [69344] Venezuela K004664649 Yes
Fernández-Lucero, M.; Guzmán, I.; Bermudez, C.; Gómez, J.; Gómez, E.; Poulle, M.; Castro, J. [MFL_3247] Colombia K001890089 Yes
Cervi, A.C.; Spichiger, R.; Loizeau, P.-A.; Cottier, E. [7283] Brazil K001892500 No
Klug, G. [3729] Peru K004664658 Yes
Woolston, A.L. [1315] Paraguay K004664468 Yes
Moldenke, H. [937] K004664197 Yes
Teran, L.R. [1771] Venezuela K004664652 Yes
Curtiss, A.H. [5366] United States K004664188 Yes
Wood, J.R.I.; Huaylla, H. [21038] Bolivia K004664657 Yes
Robert, A. [808] Brazil K001173213 No
Steinbach, J. [7463] Bolivia K004664643 Yes
Diaz, J.; Castro, C.C.; Perez, A. [86] Colombia K001589326 Yes
Balansa, B. [3258] Paraguay K004664465 Yes
Gaumer, G.F.; & sons. K004664356 Yes
Gentry, H.S. Mexico K004664358 Yes
Gilbert, M. [7] Paraguay K004664464 Yes
Clark, J.L.; Núñez, T.; Robles, C. [4340] Ecuador K004664656 Yes
Mamani, F.M.; Saucedo, M. [625] Bolivia K004664638 Yes
Hutchison, P.C. [6539] Peru K004664651 Yes
Woolston, A.L. [728] Paraguay K004664469 Yes
Haber, W.A. Costa Rica K004664354 Yes
Hassler, E. (Dr.) [11896] Paraguay K004664457 Yes
Pirani, J.R.; Marcato, A.C.; Groppo, M. (Jr.); Gomes, C.G.; Petacci, F.; Lima, W.T. [4883] Brazil K001173210 No
Eaton, A.A. [914] K004664193 Yes
Rambo, B. [46035] Brazil K004664460 Yes
Fendler [156] Venezuela K004664650 Yes
Marcano-Bertisig, L.; Torres-Lezama, A. [208] Venezuela K004664654 Yes
Pedersen, T.M. [4203] Paraguay K004664472 Yes
Small, J.K. [7301] K004664195 Yes
Drummond [68] United States K004664201 Yes
Hinton, G.B. [4126] Spain K004664206 Yes
Saravia Toledo, C.; Joaquin, N.; Ezcurra, C.; Schinini, A. [11671] Bolivia K004664636 Yes
Hassler, E. (Dr.) [1104] Paraguay K004664458 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] Bahamas, The K004664202 Yes
Hassler, E. (Dr.) [12267] Paraguay K004664456 Yes
Heyde; Lux Guatemala K004664357 Yes
Wood, J.R.I.; Huaylla, H. [21038] Bolivia K000544017 Yes
Mason, H.L. [1575] K004664207 Yes
Solis Neffa, V.; Seijo, J.G.; Grabiele, M.; Reynoso, W. [1816] Bolivia K004664644 Yes
Curtiss, A.H. [434] United States K004664187 Yes
Dias, A.T. [00000] Brazil K001173218 No
St. G. Beck [12264] Bolivia K004664640 Yes
s.coll. [4293] Peru K000112337 Yes
[Beecley] [s.n.] Mexico K004664205 Yes
Sillva [01908] Brazil K001173216 No
Eaton, A.A. [454] K004664192 Yes
Fiebrig, K. [4328] Paraguay K004664474 Yes
Hassler, E. (Dr.) [3403] Paraguay K004664467 Yes
Bernardi [11051] Venezuela K004664648 Yes
Drummond [68] K004664204 Yes
Ratter, J.A.; Pott, A.; Pott, V.; Martins, F.; Tamashiro, J. [R6085] Brazil K001173212 No
Parry, C.C.; Bigelow, J.M.; Wright, C.; Schott, A.C.V. [148] Mexico K004664199 Yes
Balansa, B. [2508] Paraguay K004664471 Yes
Hinton, G.B.; et al. Mexico K004664362 Yes
Drummond [68] United States K004664200 Yes
Campos-V, C.; Araujo-Murakami, A.; Antezana, A.; Choque, D.; Torrez, V. [59] Bolivia K004664639 Yes
Williams, R.S. [292] Bolivia K004664645 Yes
Spruce, R. [4293] Peru K000112338 Yes
Campos-V, C.; Araujo-Murakami, A.; Antezana, A.; Choque, D.; Torrez, V. [124] Bolivia K004664635 Yes
Lundell, C.L.; Lundell, A.A. [17546] K004664208 Yes
Chagas e Silva F.; Soares e Silva, L.H. [01911] Brazil K001173217 No
Balansa, B. [2512] Paraguay K004664466 Yes
[Hartweg] [933] Colombia K004664647 Yes
Palmer, E.J. [4849] K004664190 Yes
Wood, J.R.I.; Villarroel, D.; Soto, D. [23472] Bolivia K004664642 Yes
Balansa, B. [2512] Paraguay K004664455 Yes
Nash, G.V. [s.n.] K004664185 Yes
Pedersen, T.M. [8455] Paraguay K004664463 Yes
Smith, B.H. [1945] Colombia K004664646 Yes
Nash, G.V. [s.n.] K004664189 Yes
Lyle Wynd, F.; Mueller, C.H. Mexico K004664359 Yes
Guillen, R.; Coria, S. [2028] Bolivia K004664637 Yes
Glaziou, A. (Dr.) [18977] Brazil K004664459 Yes
Fiebrig, K. [152] Paraguay K004664461 Yes
Balansa, B. [2509] Paraguay K004664462 Yes
Wood, J.R.I.; Mendoza, M.; Huaylla, H. [20345] Bolivia K000543905 Yes
Belshaw, C.M. [3275] Peru K004664659 Yes
Tipaz, G.; Zuleta, J.; Consuegra, L. [888] Ecuador K004664655 Yes
Moldenke, H. [678] K004664194 Yes
Carter, A.; Alexander, A.M.; Kellogg, L. Mexico K004664360 Yes

Sources

  • Angiosperm Extinction Risk Predictions v1

    • Angiosperm Threat Predictions
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

  • Catálogo de Plantas y Líquenes de Colombia

    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Herbarium Catalogue Specimens

    • 'The Herbarium Catalogue, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the Internet http://www.kew.org/herbcat [accessed on Day Month Year]'. Please enter the date on which you consulted the system.
    • Digital Image © Board of Trustees, RBG Kew http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

  • IUCN Categories

    • IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Kew Backbone Distributions

    • The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants 2025. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and https://powo.science.kew.org/
    • © Copyright 2023 World Checklist of Vascular Plants. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

  • Kew Names and Taxonomic Backbone

    • The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants 2025. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and https://powo.science.kew.org/
    • © Copyright 2023 International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

  • Kew Science Photographs

    • Copyright applied to individual images

  • Universidad Nacional de Colombia

    • ColPlantA database
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Useful Plants and Fungi of Colombia

    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Useful Plants of Boyacá Project

    • ColPlantA database
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0