Betula fruticosa Pall.
First published in Reise Russ. Reich. 3: 758 (1776)
This species is accepted
The native range of this species is S. Siberia to N. Japan and N. China. It is a shrub and grows primarily in the temperate biome.
Distribution
Native to:
Altay, Amur, Buryatiya, Chita, Inner Mongolia, Irkutsk, Japan, Kamchatka, Khabarovsk, Korea, Magadan, Manchuria, Mongolia, Primorye, Sakhalin, Yakutskiya
Synonyms
Heterotypic Synonyms
- Betula adasii T.V.Egorova & Sipliv. in Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 6: 235 (1970)
- Betula baicalensis Sukaczev in Izv. Imp. Akad. Nauk 8: 233 (1914)
- Betula baicalensis f. obscura Popov in Konspekt Fl. Pober. Baikal: 214 (1966)
- Betula barguzinensis Popov in Fl. Centr. Sibiri 2: 814 (1959), no Latin descr.
- Betula cyclophylla Nakai in J. Jap. Bot. 17: 4 (1941)
- Betula divaricata Ledeb. in Denkschr. Bayer. Bot. Ges. Regensburg 3: 59 (1841)
- Betula evenkiensis Polozhij in Sist. Zametki Mater. Gerb. Krylova Tomsk. Gosud. Univ. Kuybysheva 85(27): 5 (1974 publ. 1975)
- Betula fruticosa Willd. in Sp. Pl. ed. 4. 4: 467 (1805), nom. illeg.
- Betula fruticosa subsp. fusca (Pall. ex Georgi) M.Schemberg in Fl. Sibir. 5: 67 (1992)
- Betula fruticosa var. fusenensis (Nakai) Liou in Ill. Fl. Ligneous Pl. N. E. China: 205 (1955)
- Betula fruticosa var. macrostachys S.L.Tung in Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 1(1-2): 132 (1981)
- Betula fruticosa var. ovalifolia (Rupr.) S.L.Tung in Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 1(1-2): 132 (1981)
- Betula fruticosa var. paishanensis (Nakai) S.L.Tung in Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 1(1-2): 132 (1981)
- Betula fruticosa subsp. ruprechtiana (Trautv.) Kitag. in Rep. Inst. Sci. Res. Manchoukuo 3: 165 (1939)
- Betula fruticosa var. ruprechtiana Trautv. in Mém. Acad. Imp. Sci. St.-Pétersbourg Divers Savans 9: 254 (1859)
- Betula fusca Pall. ex Georgi in Bemerk. Reise Russ. Reich 1: 234 (1775)
- Betula fusenensis Nakai in J. Jap. Bot. 14: 743 (1938)
- Betula gmelinii var. zyzyphifolia (Z.Wang & S.L.Tung) G.H.Liu & E.W.Ma in Fl. Intramongolica, ed. 2, 2: 87 (1990 publ. 1991)
- Betula henriettae Sukaczev & V.N.Vassil. in Trudy Inst. For. Acad. Sci. URSS 37: 121 (1958)
- Betula humilis var. kamtschatica Regel in Nouv. Mém. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 13(2): 107 (1861)
- Betula humilis var. ovalifolia (Rupr.) Regel in Nouv. Mém. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 13(2): 110 (1861)
- Betula humilis var. palustris J.F.Gmel. in Fl. Sibir. 1: 167 (1747), not validly publ.
- Betula humilis f. reticulata (Rupr.) Regel in Mém. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint Pétersbourg, Sér. 7, 4(4): 135 (1861)
- Betula humilis var. reticulata (Rupr.) Regel in Nouv. Mém. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 13(2): 109 (1861)
- Betula humilis var. ruprechtii Regel in Nouv. Mém. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 13(2): 109 (1961), nom. superfl.
- Betula humilis var. tatewakiana (M.Ohki & S.Watan.) Murata in Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 29: 105 (1978)
- Betula itelmenorum V.N.Vassil. in Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 7: 134 (1970 publ. 1971)
- Betula microphylla var. coreana Nakai in Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 33: 5 (1919)
- Betula middendorffii Trautv. & C.A.Mey. in A.T.von Middendorff, Reise Sibir. 1(2; 3): 84 (1856)
- Betula middendorffii var. communis Trautv. in Mém. Acad. Imp. Sci. St.-Pétersbourg Divers Savans 9: 255 (1859)
- Betula middendorffii var. globosa Regel in Nouv. Mém. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 13(2): 99 (1861)
- Betula middendorffii var. henriettae Popov in Konspekt Fl. Pober. Baikal: 214 (1966)
- Betula middendorffii var. nitida Regel in Nouv. Mém. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 13(2): 99 (1861)
- Betula ovalifolia Rupr. in Bull. Cl. Phys.-Math. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint-Pétersbourg 15: 378 (1857)
- Betula paishanensis Nakai in Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 33: 5 (1919)
- Betula pseudomiddendorffii V.N.Vassil. in Trudy Inst. For. Acad. Sci. URSS 37: 123 (1958)
- Betula reticulata Rupr. in Bull. Cl. Phys.-Math. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint-Pétersbourg 15: 378 (1857)
- Betula rotundifolia Regel & Tiling in Fl. Ajan.: 118 (1858), nom. illeg.
- Betula substepposa V.N.Vassil. in Bot. Mater. Gerb. Bot. Inst. Komarova Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R. 13: 61 (1950)
- Betula tatewakiana M.Ohki & S.Watan. in J. Jap. Bot. 34: 329 (1959)
- Betula turfosa Weigel ex Rchb. in Fl. Germ. Excurs.: 174 (1831)
- Betula yoshimurae Miyabe & Tatew. in Trans. Sapporo Nat. Hist. Soc. 15: 129 (1938)
- Betula zyzyphifolia Z.Wang & S.L.Tung in Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 1(1-2): 134 (1981)
Publications
POWO follows these authorities in accepting this name:
- Ashburner, K. & McAllister, H.A. (2013). The genus Betula: a taxonomic revision of birches: 1-431. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
- Chang, C.S., Kim, H. & Chang, K.S. (2014). Provisional checklist of vascular plants for the Korea peninsula flora (KPF): 1-660. DESIGNPOST.
- Kozhevnikov, A.E., Kozhevnikov, Z.V., Kwak, M. & Lee, B.Y. (2019). Illustrated flora of the Primorsky Territory, Russian Far East: 1-1124. National institute of biological resources.
- Krasnoborov, I.M. & Armemov, I.A. (2012). Opredelitel' Rastenii Respublika Altai: 1-640. Novosibirsk: Izd-vo SO RAN.
- Krasnoborov, I.M. (ed.) (2003). Flora of Siberia 5: 1-305. Scientific Publishers, Inc., Enfield, Plymouth.
- Zhao, Y.Z., Zhao, L.Q. & Cao, R. (eds.) in Zhao, Y.Z., Zhao, L.Q. & Rui, C. (eds.) (2019). Flora Intramongolica, edition 3, 1: 1-779. Typis Intramongolicae popularis, Huhhot.
Kew Backbone Distributions
- Krasnoborov, I.M. & Armemov, I.A. (2012). Opredelitel' Rastenii Respublika Altai: 1-640. Novosibirsk: Izd-vo SO RAN.
- Nikolin, E.G. (2013). Conspectus florae resource rezervat "Suntar-Hayata" republic Sakha (Yakutia). Rastitel'nyj mir Aziatskoj Rossii 2(11): 47-57.
Other Data
Other Kew resources that provide information on this taxon:
Sources
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IUCN Categories
- IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0
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Kew Backbone Distributions
- The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants 2023. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and https://powo.science.kew.org/
- © Copyright 2022 World Checklist of Vascular Plants. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0
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Kew Names and Taxonomic Backbone
- The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants 2023. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and https://powo.science.kew.org/
- © Copyright 2022 International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0
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Kew Science Photographs
- Copyright applied to individual images