Cortaderia Stapf

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Morphology General Habit

Perennial. Rhizomes absent (19), or short (1). Culms erect (6/6), or geniculately ascending (1/6); robust (2/2); 20-127.7-300 cm long. Lateral branches lacking (12/12). Ligule a fringe of hairs. Leaf-blades persistent, or deciduous with part of sheath attached (1); herbaceous (15), or coriaceous (5); stiff (8), or firm (12). Leaf-blade apex muticous (18), or pungent (2).

Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences

Gynodioecious (male, in this context, indicating the bisexual state), or dioecious (4). Inflorescence a panicle; exserted (14), or embraced at base by subtending leaf (9). Panicle open (13), or contracted (6), or spiciform (1). Spikelets solitary. Fertile spikelets pedicelled. Male spikelets pedicelled (4/4). Pedicels filiform (2/2). Male inflorescence terminal (1/1); similar to female (17/17); a panicle (13/13). Male spikelets resembling female (8/13), or distinct from female (5/13).

Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences Spikelets

Spikelets comprising 2 fertile florets (6), or 3-4 fertile florets (14), or 5 fertile florets (10), or 6 fertile florets (6), or 7 fertile florets (3), or 8 fertile florets (2), or 9-10 fertile florets (1); with diminished florets at the apex. Spikelets linear (1), or lanceolate (7), or oblong (1), or cuneate (11); laterally compressed; 7-13.46-30 mm long; breaking up at maturity; disarticulating below each fertile floret. Floret callus evident (13), or elongated (7); pubescent (1), or pilose (10), or bearded (9).

Fertile

Spikelets comprising 2 fertile florets (6), or 3-4 fertile florets (14), or 5 fertile florets (10), or 6 fertile florets (6), or 7 fertile florets (3), or 8 fertile florets (2), or 9-10 fertile florets (1); with diminished florets at the apex. Spikelets linear (1), or lanceolate (7), or oblong (1), or cuneate (11); laterally compressed; 7-13.46-30 mm long; breaking up at maturity; disarticulating below each fertile floret. Floret callus evident (13), or elongated (7); pubescent (1), or pilose (10), or bearded (9).

Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences Bracts Glume

Glumes shorter than spikelet (17), or reaching apex of florets (4), or exceeding apex of florets (2); thinner than fertile lemma (1), or similar to fertile lemma in texture (19); parallel to lemmas (9), or gaping (11). Lower glume linear (6), or lanceolate (15); 0.75-0.9513-1.1 length of upper glume; hyaline (10), or membranous (10); without keels (18/18); 0 -veined (1), or 1 -veined (18), or 2 -veined (2), or 3 -veined (4). Lower glume lateral veins absent (18), or obscure (2), or distinct (2). Lower glume surface smooth (12), or asperulous (8). Lower glume apex entire, or dentate (8); 2 -fid (8/8); obtuse (2/18), or acute (8/18), or acuminate (3/18), or attenuate (6/18). Upper glume subulate (1), or linear (6), or lanceolate (14); 0.66-1.36-3 length of adjacent fertile lemma; hyaline (10), or membranous (10); without keels (17/17); 0 -veined (1), or 1 -veined (18), or 2 -veined (2), or 3 -veined (4). Upper glume surface smooth (12), or asperulous (8). Upper glume apex entire (18), or dentate (9); 2 -fid (9/9); obtuse (2/17), or acute (7/17), or acuminate (3/17), or attenuate (6/17).

Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Florets

Fertile florets female. Fertile lemma linear (2), or lanceolate (14), or ovate (6); hyaline (9), or membranous (11); without keel; 3 -veined (12/19), or 4 -veined (4/19), or 5 -veined (9/19), or 6 -veined (2/19), or 7 -veined (4/19). Lemma midvein extending to apex (1/1). Lemma lateral veins less than two thirds length of lemma (1/1). Lemma surface smooth (11), or scaberulous (9); glabrous (1), or pilose (1), or villous (8), or plumose (10). Lemma margins eciliate (12), or ciliolate (2), or ciliate (6). Lemma apex entire (8), or dentate (2), or lobed (11); 2 -fid (12/13), or 3 -fid (1/13); incised 0.25-0.4333-0.6 of lemma length; acuminate (9/15), or attenuate (4/15), or setaceously attenuate (2/15); muticous (7), or mucronate (1), or awned (15); 1 -awned (12/15), or 3 -awned (3/15). Principal lemma awn apical (10/15), or from a sinus (5/15); straight (12/15), or curved (2/15), or geniculate (1/15). Lateral lemma awns shorter than principal (2/2). Palea 0.3-0.6419-2 length of lemma; hyaline (10), or membranous (10); 2 -veined (18/18). Palea keels smooth (16), or scabrous (4); eciliate (6), or ciliolate (13), or villous (1). Palea surface glabrous (10), or pubescent (1), or pilose (10). Palea apex entire (1/5), or dentate (5/5). Apical sterile florets resembling fertile though underdeveloped.

Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers

Lodicules 2; fleshy; glabrous (11), or ciliate (9). Anthers 3 (15/15).

Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits

Caryopsis with adherent pericarp (15/15). Hilum elliptic (1/1).

sex Male

Male inflorescence terminal (1/1); similar to female (17/17); a panicle (13/13). Male spikelets resembling female (8/13), or distinct from female (5/13).

Distribution

Europe (1), or Africa (2), or Temperate Asia (1), or Tropical Asia (1), or Australasia (2), or Pacific (2), or North America (1), or South America, or Antarctica (1).