Eriocaulaceae

Syngonanthus Ruhland

First published in I.Urban, Symb. Antill. 1: 487 (1900), nom. cons.
This genus is accepted
The native range of this genus is Tropical & S. Africa, Madagascar, Tropical & Subtropical America.

Distribution

Native to:

Alabama, Angola, Argentina Northeast, Belize, Bolivia, Brazil North, Brazil Northeast, Brazil South, Brazil Southeast, Brazil West-Central, Burundi, Central African Republic, Colombia, Congo, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominican Republic, DR Congo, Ecuador, Ethiopia, Florida, French Guiana, Gabon, Georgia, Guinea, Guyana, Madagascar, Malawi, Mexico Gulf, Mexico Southeast, Mozambique, Niger, Nigeria, North Carolina, Northern Provinces, Panamá, Paraguay, Peru, Sierra Leone, South Carolina, Suriname, Tanzania, Uganda, Uruguay, Venezuela, Zambia, Zimbabwe

Synonyms

Heterotypic Synonyms

Accepted Species

Classification

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Publications

POWO follows these authorities in accepting this name:

  • (2025). https://doi.org/10.1002/tax.13359. epublication.
  • Govaerts, R. (2004). World Checklist of Monocotyledons Database in ACCESS: 1-54382. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.

Flora of West Tropical Africa

  • in Engl., Pflanzenr. 4, 30: 242-282 (1903).
  • in Urban, Symb. Antill. 1: 487 (1900)

Flora of Tropical East Africa

  • H. Hess in Ber. Schweiz. Bot. Ges. 65: 185 (1955)
  • Kimpouni, Lejoly & Lisowski in Seyani & Chikuni, Proc. XIII Plenary Meeting AETFAT, Malawi: 567–581 (1994)
  • Meikle in F.W.T.A., ed. 2, 3: 67 (1968)
  • Oberm. in F.S.A. 4(2): 19 (1985)
  • S.M. Phillips in K.B. 52: 73–89 (1997)
  • in E.P. 4, 30: 242–279 (1903)
  • in Urban, Symb. Antill. 1: 487 (1900)

Other Data

Other Kew resources that provide information on this taxon:

Date Reference Identified As Barcode Type Status Has image?
Mar 1, 2011 Spruce, R. [2578] Brazil K000741032 Isotype Yes
Mar 1, 2011 Rezende, J.M.; Schmidt, I.B.; Figueiredo, I.B.; Pellizzaro, K.F. [973] Brazil K000982677 Yes
Mar 1, 2011 Rezende, J.M.; Schmidt, I.B.; Figueiredo, I.B.; Pellizzaro, K.F. [944] Brazil K000982672 Yes
Jan 1, 2009 Sasaki, D.; Milliken, W.; Zappi, D.C.; Silveira, E.A.; Philippsen, M.; Piva, J.H. [1971] Brazil K000579297 Yes
Jan 1, 2008 Zappi, D.C.; Biggs, N.; Silveira, E.A.; Piva, J.H.; Bessa, M.A. [993] Brazil K000578932 Yes
Jan 1, 2008 Zappi, D.C.; Sasaki, D.; Milliken, W.; Biggs, N.; Silveira, E.A.; Philippsen, M.; Bessa, M.A.; Piva, J.H. [885] Brazil K000578931 Yes
Nov 1, 2005 Prance, G.T.; Silva, N.T., da [58471] Brazil K000982671 Yes
Nov 1, 2005 Argent, G.C.G.; Ramos, J.; Richards, P.W.; Souza, R. [6321] Brazil K000982674 Yes
Nov 1, 2005 Hemming, J.H. [12] Brazil K000982675 Yes
Nov 1, 2005 Huber [173] Brazil K000640188 Unknown Type Material Yes
Nov 1, 2005 Spruce, R. [2578] Brazil K000640201 Type Yes
Nov 1, 2005 Nelson, B.W.; Lima, J.F. [P21062] Brazil K000982679 Yes
Nov 1, 2005 Anderson, W.R.; Fonsêca, S.G.; Santos, R.R.; Souza, R. [10644] Brazil K000982681 Yes
Oct 1, 2005 Jenman [4755] Guyana K000640189 Type Yes
Jun 1, 2005 Pereira, B.A.S. [224] Brazil K000982665 Yes
Dec 1, 2003 Sano, P.T.; Atkins, S.; Sakuragui, C.M.; Harley, R.M.; Souza, V.C. [14312] Brazil K000292853 Yes
Dec 1, 2003 Menezes, N.L.; Giulietti, A.M.; Semir, J.; Furlan, A.; Rossi, L.; Cordeiro, I.; Pirani, J.R. [1480] Brazil K000292858 Yes
Dec 1, 2003 Harley, R.M.; Brenan, J.P.M.; Menezes, N.L.; Giulietti, A.M.; Semir, J.; Sajo, M.G.; Orssich, B.; Arbo, M.M. [20620] Brazil K000292838 Yes
Dec 1, 2003 Sano, P.T.; Atkins, S.; Sakuragui, C.M.; Harley, R.M.; Souza, V.C. [14317] Brazil K000292855 Yes
Dec 1, 2003 Hatschbach, G.; Barbosa, E. [56864] Brazil K000292840 Yes
Jul 1, 2001 Irwin, H.S.; Harley, R.M.; Smith, G.L. [32500] Brazil K000292806 Type Yes
Jan 1, 2000 Ganev, W. [2662] Brazil K000292783 Yes
Jan 1, 2000 Ganev, W. [3526] Brazil K000292786 Yes
Jan 1, 2000 Ganev, W. [464] Brazil K000292794 Yes
Jan 1, 2000 Harley, R.M.; Mayo, S.J.; Storr, R.M.; Santos, T.S.; Pinheiro, R.S. [18842] Brazil K000292812 Yes
Jan 1, 2000 Ganev, W. [2331] Brazil K000292785 Yes
Jan 1, 2000 Ganev, W. [1495] Brazil K000292790 Yes
Jan 1, 2000 Ganev, W. [1655] Brazil K000292787 Yes
Jan 1, 2000 Mori, S.A.; Boom, B.M. [14516] Brazil K000292811 Yes
Jan 1, 2000 Ganev, W. [1375] Brazil K000292789 Yes
Jan 1, 2000 Ganev, W. [353] Brazil K000292788 Yes
Jan 1, 2000 Ganev, W. [2300] Brazil K000292784 Yes
Apr 1, 1998 Stannard, B.; Laessoe, T.; Sano, P.T.; Ganev, W. [H52155] Brazil K000292781 Yes
Apr 1, 1998 Harley, R.M.; Giulietti, A.M.; Fierro, A.F. [H51287] Brazil K000292780 Yes
Jan 1, 1996 Ganev, W. [1622] Brazil K000292779 Yes
Jan 1, 1996 Ganev, W. [1490] Brazil K000292778 Yes
Sep 3, 1992 Chevalier, A. [6818] Central African Republic K000346210 Type Yes
Sep 2, 1992 Vanderyst, H. [3133] Congo, Democratic Republic of the K000346212 Type Yes
Sep 2, 1992 Vanderyst, H. [3133] Congo, Democratic Republic of the K000346211 Unknown Type Material Yes
Jan 1, 1992 Harley, R.M.; Hind, D.J.N.; Simao, R.; Fothergill, J.M. [25932] Brazil K000292782 Yes
Aug 1, 1982 Calderon, C.E.; Monteiro, O.P.; Guedes, J. [2959] Brazil K000982678 Yes
Aug 1, 1982 Calderon, C.E.; Monteiro, O.P.; Guedes, J. [2748] Brazil K000640193 Isotype Yes
Aug 1, 1982 Calderon, C.E.; Monteiro, O.P.; Guedes, J. [2959] Brazil K000982676 Yes
Jan 1, 1981 Heringer, E.P.; Filgueiras, T.S.; Mendonça, R.C.; Pereira, B.A.S.; Heringer Salles, A.E.; Chagas e Silva, F. [4313] Brazil K000982666 Yes
Jan 1, 1979 Harley, R.M.; Mayo, S.J.; Storr, R.M.; Santos, T.S.; Pinheiro, R.S. [18838] Brazil K000292702 Yes
Jan 1, 1972 Irwin, H.S.; Harley, R.M.; Smith, G.L. [32149] Brazil K000640271 Type Yes
Jan 1, 1972 Hatschbach, G.G. [27376] Brazil K000982667 Yes
Jan 1, 1969 Prance, G.T. [2100] Brazil K000982673 Yes
Jan 1, 1966 Prance, G.T.; Silva, N.T., da [59041] Brazil K000982661 Yes
Burchell [[4]162-2] Brazil K002590540 Yes
Spruce, R. [557] Brazil K000640187 Unknown Type Material Yes
Coradin, L.; Silva, G.P.; Vieira, J.G.A.; Souza, F.B.; Harley, R.M.; Baker, R.; Linington, S. [6108] Brazil K000292844 Yes
Maguire, B. [29267] Venezuela K002590561 Yes
Harley, R.M.; Renvoize, S.A.; Erskine, C.M.; Brighton, C.A.; Pinheiro, R. [17149] Brazil K000292814 Yes
Furlan, A.; Pirani, J.R.; Kawasaki, M.L.; Diacuí, J.; Amaral, M.C.E.; Castro, N.M. [2128] Brazil K000292861 Yes
Harley, R.M.; Giulietti, A.M.; Pirani, J.R.; Stannard, B.L.; Cordeiro, I.; Kameyama, C. [24273] Brazil K000292867 Yes
Harley, R.M.; Giulietti, A.M.; França, F. [28547] Brazil K002590550 Yes
Harley, R.M.; Lewis, G.P.; Silva, R.M.; Pirani, J.R.; Stannard, B.; Furlan, A. [7229] Brazil K000293131 Yes
Glaziou, A.F.M. [7997] Brazil K000640214 Unknown Type Material Yes
Sano, P.T.; Sakuragui, C.M.; Harley, R.M.; Souza, V.C. [s.n.] Brazil K002590537 Yes
Gardner [5255] Brazil K000640272 Unknown Type Material Yes
Wood, J.R.I. [22264] Bolivia K002590565 Yes
Burchell, W.J. [5206] Brazil K000982662 Yes
Giulietti, A.M.; Harley, R.M.; Gibbs, P. [2389] Brazil K002590548 Yes
Sano, P.T.; Atkins, S.; Sakuragui, C.M.; Harley, R.M.; Souza, V.C. [14075] Brazil K000292852 Yes
Spruce, R. [2039] Brazil K000640186 Type Yes
Arroyo, L.; Vaca, C.; Montenegro-Legname [2658] Bolivia K002590692 Yes
Harley, R.M.; Renvoize, S.A.; Erskine, C.M.; Brighton, C.A.; Pinheiro, R. [15953] Brazil K000292703 Yes
Glaziou, A.F.M. [22313] Brazil K000982668 Yes
Sano, P.T.; Atkins, S.; Sakuragui, C.M.; Harley, R.M.; Souza, V.C. [14316] Brazil K000292846 Yes
Gardner [5265] Brazil K000640216 Unknown Type Material Yes
Delprete, P.G.; Bone, R.E.; Lolli, G.; Richard, H. [11641] French Guiana K002590544 Yes
Gardner [5274] Brazil K000640213 Unknown Type Material Yes
Giulietti, A.M.; Longhi-Wagner, H.M.; Stannard, B.; Lewis, G.P.; Harley, R.M.; Arraes, M.G. [7059] Brazil K000292865 Yes
Harley, R.M.; Giulietti, A.M.; Pirani, J.R.; Stannard, B.L.; Cordeiro, I.; Kameyama, C. [24191] Brazil K000292869 Yes
Romero, G.A.; Meigueiro, E. [2212] Venezuela K002590696 Yes
Sano, P. T.; Sakuragui, C. M.; Harley, R. M.; Souza, V. C. [CFCR15394] Brazil K001581868 Yes
Taylor, N. P.; Zappi, D. C.; Eggli, U. [1413] Brazil K001581823 Yes
Sano, P. T.; Sakuragui, C. M.; Harley, R. M.; Souza, V. C. [CFCR15394] Brazil K001581843 Yes
Perigolo, N. A.; dos Santos, A. J. B.; Catenucci, F. S.; Pereira-Silva, G. [336] Brazil K001765502 Yes
Coradin, L.; Silva, G.P.; Vieira, J.G.A.; Souza, F.B.; Harley, R.M.; Baker, R.; Linington, S. [6215] Brazil K000292845 Yes
Riedel [1477] Brazil K000640215 Unknown Type Material Yes
Burchell [7941] Brazil K002590541 Yes
Rezende, J.M.; Et al [943] Brazil K002590542 Yes
Giulietti, A.M.; Longhi-Wagner, H.M.; Stannard, B.; Lewis, G.P.; Harley, R.M.; Arraes, M.G. [7063] Brazil K000292864 Yes
Gardner [5264] Brazil K000640197 Unknown Type Material Yes
Sano, P.T.; Sakuragui, C.M.; Harley, R.M.; Souza, V.C. [15012] Brazil K000292850 Yes
Riedel [2745] Brazil K000640184 Unknown Type Material Yes
Gardner [5265] Brazil K000640217 Unknown Type Material Yes
Steyermark, J.A. [59332] Venezuela K002590562 Yes
Irwin, H.S.; Grear, J.W., Jr.; Souza, R.; Santos, R.R. [18162] Brazil K000982664 Yes
Coradin, L.; Silva, G.P.; Vieira, J.G.A.; Souza, F.B.; Harley, R.M.; Baker, R.; Linington, S. [6208] Brazil K000292843 Yes
Stannard, B.L.; Ganev, W.; Queiroz, R.F. [H51176] Brazil K000292851 Yes
Fonseca, M.L.; Mendoca, R.C.; Pereira, B.A.S. [2566] Brazil K002590551 Yes
Gardner [5274] Brazil K000640212 Unknown Type Material Yes
Irwin, H.S.; Souza, R.; Grear, J.W.; Reis dos Santos, R. [17022] Brazil K000640190 Type Yes
Taylor, N.P.; Zappi, D.C.; Eggli, U. [1413] Brazil K000292839 Yes
Riedel [2302] Brazil K000640274 Unknown Type Material Yes
Gardner [4384] Brazil K000640222 Isotype Yes
Steyermark, J.A. [62719] Venezuela K002590559 Yes
Gardner [5265] Brazil K000640218 Unknown Type Material Yes
Burchell [37A[S]-2] Brazil K002590538 Yes
Gardner [4384] Brazil K000640221 Unknown Type Material Yes
Riedel [2202] Brazil K000640198 Unknown Type Material Yes
Gardner [4384] Brazil K000640220 Unknown Type Material Yes
Romero, G.R.; Guanchez, F.; Meigueiro, E. [2049] Venezuela K002590697 Yes
Cordeiro, M.R. [2290] Brazil K002590549 Yes
Smith, D.N. [4150] Peru K002590694 Yes
Giulietti, A.M.; Longhi-Wagner, H.M.; Stannard, B.; Lewis, G.P.; Harley, R.M.; Arraes, M.G. [7012] Brazil K000292859 Isotype Yes
Gardner, G. [4377] Brazil K000982670 Yes
França, F.; Melo, E.; Marques da Silva, B. [3667] Brazil K002590553 Yes
Gardner [5255] Brazil K000640273 Unknown Type Material Yes
Furlan, A.; Pirani, J.R.; Amaral, M.C.E.; Diacuí, J.; Castro, N.M. [1935] Brazil K000292862 Yes
Wood, J.R.I.; Soto, D.; Villarroel, D. [24534] Bolivia K002590566 Yes
Sano, P.T.; Atkins, S.; Sakuragui, C.M.; Harley, R.M.; Souza, V.C. [14438] Brazil K000292848 Yes
Spruce, R. [s.n.] Brazil K000640185 Unknown Type Material Yes
Gardner [3488] Brazil K000640200 Unknown Type Material Yes
s.coll. [6175] Argentina K000640247 Unknown Type Material Yes
Delprete, P.G.; Bone, R.E.; Lolli, G. [11242] French Guiana K002590545 Yes
Gardner [3488] Brazil K000640199 Unknown Type Material Yes
Romero, G.A.; Guanchez, F.; Melgueiro, E. [2085] Venezuela K002590695 Yes
Furlan, A.; Pirani, J.R.; Amaral, M.C.E.; Diacuí, J.; Castro, N.M. [1956] Brazil K000292860 Yes
Gardner [5264] Brazil K000640196 Unknown Type Material Yes
Berg, C.C.; Bisby, F.A.; Steward, W.C.; Ramos, J.F. [P/18192] Brazil K000982680 Yes
Wurdack, K.J.; Redden, K.M.; Tripp, E.A.; Radosavljevic, A.; Jacobis, C.; Ralph, J. [5712] French Guiana K002590543 Yes
Burchell [5A61-2] Brazil K002590539 Yes
Glaziou, A.F.M. [17837] Brazil K000982663 Yes
Steyermark, J.A. [75996B] Venezuela K002590698 Yes
Glaziou, A. [25310] Brazil K000988674 Yes
[1338] Peru K002590660 Yes
Bidgood, G.S.; Leliyo, G.; Vollesen, K.B. [4496] Tanzania K002590060 Yes
Sano, P.T.; Atkins, S.; Sakuragui, C.M.; Harley, R.M.; Souza, V.C. [14457] Brazil K000292849 Type Yes
Wood, J.R.I.; Hind, D.J.N.; Pozo, P.; Villarroel, D. [24145] Bolivia K002590567 Yes
Hunt, D.R.; Ramos, J.F. [6275] Brazil K000988675 Yes
{Harley, R.M.; Giulietti, A.M.; P. N. de Oliveira} [56882] Brazil K002590547 Yes
Ganev, W. [571] Brazil K000292841 Yes
Foster, P.F. [584] Bolivia K002590693 Yes
Wood, J.R.I. [22264] Bolivia K002590568 Yes
Coradin, L.; Silva, G.P.; Vieira, J.G.A.; Souza, F.B.; Harley, R.M.; Baker, R.; Linington, S. [6079] Brazil K000292842 Yes
Riedel [2348] Brazil K000640191 Unknown Type Material Yes
Gardner, G. [4377] Brazil K000982669 Yes
Steyermark, J.A. [59653] Venezuela K002590560 Yes
MacKee, H.S. [10723] French Guiana K002590546 Yes
Glaziou [22310] Brazil K000988676 Yes
[Spruce] [s.n.] Brazil K002590552 Yes
[5556] Peru K002590661 Yes

Sources

  • Flora of Tropical East Africa

    • Flora of Tropical East Africa
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Herbarium Catalogue Specimens

    • 'The Herbarium Catalogue, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the Internet http://www.kew.org/herbcat [accessed on Day Month Year]'. Please enter the date on which you consulted the system.

  • Kew Backbone Distributions

    • The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants 2025. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and https://powo.science.kew.org/
    • © Copyright 2023 World Checklist of Vascular Plants. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

  • Kew Names and Taxonomic Backbone

    • The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants 2025. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and https://powo.science.kew.org/
    • © Copyright 2023 International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0