Malvaceae Juss.

First published in Gen. Pl. [Jussieu] 271. 1789 [4 Aug 1789] (1789)nom. cons.
This family is accepted

Synonyms

Heterotypic Synonyms

Accepted Genera

Classification

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Publications

POWO follows these authorities in accepting this name:

  • APG IV (2016) http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/boj.12385

The Kew Tropical Plant Families Identification Handbook

  • Alverson, W. S., Whitlock, B. A., Nyffeler, R., Bayer, C. & Baum, D. A. (1999). Phylogeny of the core Malvales: evidence from ndhF sequence data. Amer. J. Bot. 86: 1474–1486.
  • Baum, D. A. (1995). The comparative pollination and floral biology of Baobabs (Adansonia, Bombacaceae.) Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 82: 322–348.
  • Baum, D. A., Alverson, W. S. & Nyffeler, R. (1998). A durian by any other name: taxonomy and nomenclature of the core Malvales. Harvard Pap. Bot. 3: 315–330.
  • Bayer, C. & Kubitzki, K. (2003). Malvaceae. In: K. Kubitzki & C. Bayer (eds), The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants 5: 225–311. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. (Subfamily Byttnerioideae, pp. 241–247; subfamily Bombacoideae, pp. 271–277; subfamily Malvoideae, pp. 277–311.)
  • Bayer, C., Fay, M. F., De Bruijn, A. Y., Savolainen, V., Mortan, C. M., Kubitzki, K. K., Alverson, W. S. & Chang, M. W. (1999). Support for an expanded family concept of Malvaceae within a recircumscribed order Malvales: a combined analysis of plastid atpB and rbcL DNA sequences. Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 129: 267–303.
  • Cheek, M. & Dorr, L. (2007). Sterculiaceae. In: H. J. Beentje & S. A. Ghazanfar (eds), Flora of Tropical East Africa. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  • Cheek, M. R. (2007). Bombacaceae, p. 65; Brownlowiaceae, p. 71; Byttneriaceae, p. 76; Durionaceae, p. 134; Helicteraceae, p. 165; Malvaceae, pp. 201–202; Pentapetaceae, pp. 247–248; Sparmanniaceae, pp. 307–308; Sterculiaceae, pp. 311–312; Tiliaceae, pp. 321–322. In: V. H. Heywood, R. K. Brummitt, A. Culham & O. Seberg (eds), Flowering Plant Families of the World. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  • Nyffler, R. & Baum, D. A. (2000). Phylogenetic relationships of the durians (Bombacaceae-Durioneae or /Malvaceae/ Helicteroideae/Durioneae) based on chloroplast and nuclear ribosomal DNA sequences. Plant Syst. Evol. 224:55–82.
  • Whitlock, B. A., Bayer, C. & Baum, D. A. (2001). Phylogenetic relationships and floral evolution of the Byttnerioideae (Sterculiaceae or Malvaceae s.l.) based on sequences of the chloroplast gene, ndhF. Syst. Bot. 26: 420–437.
  • Wilkie, P., Clark, A., Pennington, R. T., Cheek, M., Bayer, C. & Wilcock, C. C. (2006). Phylogenetic relationships within the subfamily Sterculioideae (Malvaceae/Sterculiaceae-Sterculieae) using the chloroplast gene ndhF. Syst. Bot. 31: 160–170.

Neotropikey

  • Alverson, W.S., Karol, K.G., Baum, D.A., Chase, M.W., Swensen, S.M., McCourt, R. & Systma, K.J. (1998).  Circumscription of the Malvales and relationships to other Rosidae: Evidence from rbcL sequence data. American J. Bot. 85: 876-887.
  • Alverson, W.S., Whitlock, B.A., Nyffeler, R., Bayer, C. & Baum, D.A. (1999).  Phylogeny of core Malvales: Evidence from ndhF sequence data. American J. Bot. 86: 1474-1486.
  • Areces B., F. & Fryxell, P.A. (2007).  Malvaceae. In: Greuter, W. & Rankin R., R. (eds.). Flora de la República de Cuba, fasc. 13, pp. 1-228. A.R. Gantner Verlag KG, Ruggell.
  • Baum, D.A., Smith, S.D., Yen, A., Alverson, W.S., Nyffeler, R., Whitlock, B.A., & Oldham, R.L. (2004).  Phylogenetic relationships of Malvatheca (Bombacoideae and Malvoideae; Malvaceae sensu lato) as inferred from plastid DNA sequences. American J. Bot. 91: (1863)-(1871).
  • Bayer, C. & Kubitzki, K. (2002).  Malvaceae: subfamily Malvoideae. In: Kubitzki, K. & Bayer, C. (eds.). The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants vol. V, pp. 277-311. Springer-Verlag, Berlin.
  • Bayer, C. (1999).  The bicolour unit - homology and transformation of an inflorescence structure unique to core Malvales. Plant Syst. Evol. 214: 187-198.
  • Bayer, C., Fay, M.F., Bruijn, A.Y. de, Savolainen, V., Morton, C.M., Kubitzki, K., Alverson, W.S. & Chase, M.W. (1999).  Support for an expanded family concept of Malvaceae within a recircumscribed order Malvales: a combined analusis of plastid atpB and rbcL DNA sequences.  Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 129: 267-303.
  • Bovini, M.G., Esteves, G. & Duarte, M.C. (2010). Malvaceae. In: Forzza, R.C. et al. (eds.). Catálogo de Plantas e Fungos do Brasil, pp. 1201-1227. Institúto de Pesquisas Jardím Botânico do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro.
  • Cheek, M.R. (2007). Malvaceae. In: Heywood, V.H., Brummitt, R.K., Culham, A & Seberg, O. (eds.). Flowering Plant Families of the World, pp. 201-202. Royal Botanic Gardens Kew, Richmond.
  • Dorr, L.J. (2008).  Malvaceae. In: Hokche, O., Berry, P.E. & Huber, O. (eds.). Nuevo Catálogo de la Flora Vascular de Venezuela, pp. 458-464. Fundación Instituto Botánico de Venezuela Dr. Tobias Lasser, Caracas.
  • Fryxell, P.A. (1988).  Malvaceae of Mexico. Systematic Botany Monographs vol. 25, pp. 522.  The American Society of Plant Taxonomists, Ann Arbor.
  • Fryxell, P.A. (1989).  Malvaceae. In: Howard, R.A. (ed.). Flora of the Lesser Antilles: Leeward and Windward vol. 5, pp. 199-263. Jamaica Plain, Arnold Arboretum, Harvard University.
  • Fryxell, P.A. (1990).  Malvaceae. In: Breedlove, D.E. (ed.). Flora of Chiapas vol 3, pp. 1-90. California Academy of Sciences.
  • Fryxell, P.A. (1992)a.  Malvaceae. In: Harling, G. & Andersson, L. (eds.). Flora of Ecuador 44 (118), pp. 1-141. Department of Systematic Botany, University of Gothenburg.
  • Fryxell, P.A. (1992)b.  Malvaceae. In: Gomez-Pampa, A. (ed.). Flora de Veracruz, fasc. 68, pp. 1-255. Instituto de Ecología, Xalapa.
  • Fryxell, P.A. (1993)a.  Malvaceae. In: Rzedowski, J. & Calderón de Rzedowski, G. Flora del Bajio y de regiones adyacentes fasc. 16, pp. 1-175. Instituto de Ecología, Xalapa.
  • Fryxell, P.A. (1993)b.  Malvaceae. In: Flora del Valle de Tehuacan-Cuitcatlan fasc. 1, pp. 1-87. Universidad Nacional Autonomia de Mexico, Ciudad de Mexico.
  • Fryxell, P.A. (1997).  The American genera of Malvaceae II. Brittonia 49: 204-269.
  • Fryxell, P.A. (1999).  Pavonia cavanilles (Malvaceae). Flora Neotropica Monograph 76: 1-284.  New York Botanical Garden Press, New York.
  • Fryxell, P.A. (2001)a.  Malvaceae. In: Berry, P.E., Yatskievych, K. & Holst, B.K. (eds.). Flora of the Venezuelan Guyana vol. 6, pp. 186-219.  Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis.
  • Fryxell, P.A. (2001)b.  Malvaceae. In: Stevens, W.D., Ulloa U., C., Pool, A. & Montiel, O.M. (eds.). Flora de Nicaragua tomo II, pp. 1293-1322. Monographs in Systematic Botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden vol. 85.  St. Louis.
  • Fryxell, P.A. (2004).  Malvaceae. In: Smith, N., Mori, S.A., Henderson, A., Stevenson, D.W. & Heald, S.V. (eds.). Flowering Plants of the Neotropics, pp. 232-235. Princeton University Press, Princeton.
  • Fryxell, P.A. (2007).  Malvaceae. In: Hammel, B.E., Grayum, M.H., Herrera, C. & Zamora, N. (eds.). Manual de Plantas de Costa Rica vol. 6, pp. 313-373. Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis.
  • García, P.E., Schönswetter, P., Aguilar, J.F., Feliner, G.N., & Schneeweiss, G.M. (2009).  Five molecular markers reveal extensive morphological homoplasy and reticulate evolution in the Malva alliance (Malvaceae). Mol. Phyl. Evol. 50: 226-239.
  • Jørgensen, P.M. (1999).  Malvaceae. In: Jørgensen, P.M. & León-Yánez, S. (eds.). Catalogue of the Vascular Plants of Ecuador, pp. 548-554. Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis.
  • Krapovickas, A. (1965).  Malvaceae. In: Cabrera, A.L. (ed.). Flora de la Província de Buenos Aires vol. 4, pp. 169-220. I.N.TA. y Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo de la Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Buenos Aires.
  • Krapovickas, A. (2008).  Malvaceae. In: Zuloaga, F.O., Morrone, O. & Belgrano, M.J. (eds.). Catálogo de las Plantas Vasculares del Cono Sur vol. 3, pp. 2463-2520. Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis.
  • La Duke, J.C. & Doebley, J. (1995).  A chloroplast DNA based phylogeny of the Malvaceae. Syst. Bot. 20: 259-271.
  • Marticorena, A. (2005).  Malvaceae. In: Marticorena, C. & Rodrígues, R. (eds.). Flora de Chile vol. 2(3), pp. 22-119. Universidad de Concepción, Concepción.
  • Nyffeler, R., Bayer, S., Alverson, S.A., Yen, A., Whitlock, B.A., Chase, M.W., Baum, D.A. (2005).  Phylogenetic analysis of the Malvadendrina clade (Malvaceae s.l.) based on plastid DNA sequences.  Organisms, Diversity & Evolution 5: 109-123.
  • Pfeil, B.E. & Crisp, M.D. (2005).  What to do with Hibiscus? A proposed nomenclatural resolution for a large and well known genus of Malvaceae and comments on paraphyly. Australian Syst. Bot. 18: 49-60.
  • Pfeil, B.E., Brubaker, C.L., Craven, L.A. & Crisp, M.D. (2002).  Phylogeny of Hibiscus and tribe Hibisceae (Malvaceae) using chloroplast DNA sequences of ndhF and the rpl16 intron. Syst. Bot. 27: 333-350.
  • Pool, A. & Brako, L. (1993). Malvaceae. In: Brako, L. & Zarucchi, J.L. (eds.). Catalogue of the Flowering Plants and Gymnosperms of Peru, pp. 643-664. Monographs in Systematic Botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden vol. 45. St. Louis.
  • Robyns, A. (1966).  Malvaceae, family 115. In: Woodson, R.E. & Schery, R.W. (eds.) Flora of Panama. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 52: 497-578.
  • Stevens, P. F. (2001) onwards). Angiosperm Phylogeny Website. Version 9, June (2008) (visited 9th Feb. (2011). http://www.mobot.org/MOBOT/research/APweb/.
  • Tate, J.A., Aguilar, J.F., Wagstaff, S.J., La Duke, J.C., Slotta, T.A.B. & Simpson, B.B. (2005). Phylogenetic relationships within the tribe Malveae (Malvaceae, subfamily Malvoideae) as inferred from ITS sequence data. American J. Bot. 92: 584-602.

Trees of New Guinea

  • Alverson, W.S., Whitlock, B.A., Nyffeler, R., Bayer, C. & Baum, D.A. (1999). Phylogeny of the core Malvales: evidence from ndhF sequence data. Amer. J. Bot. 86: 1474–1486.
  • Baum, D.A., Dewitt Smith, S., Yen, A., Alverson, W.S., Nyffeler, R., Whitlock, B.A. & Oldham, R.L. (2004). Phylogenetic relationships of Malvatheca (Bombacoideae and Malvoideae; Malvaceae sensu lato) as inferred from plastid DNA sequences. Amer. J. Bot. 91: 1863–1871.
  • Bayer, C. & Kubitzki, K. (2003). Malvaceae. In: K. Kubitzki & C. Bayer (eds.), The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants 5: 225–311.
  • Bayer, C., Fay, M.F., De Bruijn, A.Y., Savolainen, V., Morton, C.M., Kubitzki, K., Alverson, W.S. & Chase, M.W. (1999). Support for an expanded family concept of Malvaceae within a recircumscribed order Malvales: a combined analysis of plastid atpB and rbcL DNA sequences. Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 129: 267–303.
  • LaFrankie, J. (2010). Trees of Tropical Asia. Black Tree Publications. (Malvaceae, pp. 462–490).
  • Laura V.S. Jennings & Timothy M.A. Utteridge (2022). Trees of New Guinea. Timothy M. A. Utteridge and Laura V. S. Jennings (Eds) Kew Publishing. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew

The Kew Temperate Plant Families Identification Handbook

  • Bayer, C. & Kubitzki, K. (2002). Malvaceae. In: K. Kubitzki & C. Bayer (eds), The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants, V: 225–311. Springer Verlag, Berlin & Heidelberg. 212 213
  • Cheek, M. R. (2007). Malvaceae. In: V. H. Heywood, R. K. Brummitt, A. Culham & O. Serberg (eds), Flowering Plant Families of the World, pp. 201–202. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  • Fryxell, P. A. (1997). The American genera of Malvaceae—II. Brittonia 49 (2): 204–269. New York Botanical Garden, New York.
  • Hanes, M. M. (2015). Malvaceae. In: Flora of North America Editorial Committee (eds), Flora of North America 6: 187–375. Oxford University Press, New York & Oxford.

Other Data

Other Kew resources that provide information on this taxon:

Date Reference Identified As Barcode Type Status Has image?
Feb 1, 2017 Mungkim, O. [45116] Malaysia K001273714 Yes
Jan 8, 2009 Wood, J.R.I. [15564] Bolivia K000324855 No
Jan 8, 2009 Wood, J.R.I. Bolivia K000324856 No
Jan 1, 2006 Pullen, R. [6728] New Guinea K001045461 No
Nascimento, M.S.B. [554] Brazil K001220169 Yes
Raynal, J. [20456] Rwanda K001532007 Yes
Harley, R.M. [s.n.] Brazil K001220151 Yes
Wallich, N. [Cat. no. 1154] Burma K001112245 Unknown Type Material Yes
Eiten, G. [7328] Brazil K001220157 Yes
Harley, R.M. [21711] Brazil K001220152 Yes
Coradin, L. [6283] Brazil K001220155 Yes
Milliken, W. [151] Brazil K001220173 Yes
Harley, R.M. [21711] Brazil K001220153 Yes
Wallich, N. [Cat. no. 1155] Burma K001112247 Unknown Type Material Yes
Nascimento, M.S.B. [14] Brazil K001220168 Yes
s.coll. [Cat. no. 1153] K001112244 Unknown Type Material Yes
Briggs, M; Simbiak, V. [616] Indonesia K:SPC-78532.000 No
Nascimento, M.S.B. [223] Brazil K001220167 Yes
Heringer, E.P. [3098] Brazil K001220164 Yes
Mimura, I. [276] Brazil K001220159 Yes
Eiten, G. [6086] Brazil K001220163 Yes
Briggs, M.; Simbiak, V.; Paiki, T. [668] Indonesia K:SPC-77311.000 No
Williams, L.O.; Assis, V. [8019] Brazil K001220172 Yes
Oliveira, J.A.; Lima, J.L.C.; Escobar, N.; Daneu, L. [676] Brazil K001871766 No
de Nevers, G. [14542] Guinea K001970031 No
de Nevers, G. [14523] Guinea K001970049 No
de Nevers, G. [14599] Guinea K000010939 No
de Nevers, G. [14820] Guinea K000010981 No
Rakotonasolo, F.; Smith, P.; Hoffmann, P.; Ralimanana, H.; Sharon. [RNF 870] Madagascar K001892921 No
Couvreur, T.L.P.; Kamdem, G.N.; Mogue Kamga, S.; Helmstetter, A.J. [1154] Cameroon K001925689 No
Andras, S. [152] K001890476 Yes
Redden, K.M.; Williams, R.; Perry, C.; Paul, C. [1704] Guyana K001636904 No
Redden, K.M.; Williams, R.; Forbes, E. [1293] Guyana K001636899 No
Clarke, W. D.; Williams, R.; Perry, C.; Tripp, E.; Gittens, D.; Stern, S.R. [10871] Guyana K001870146 No
Ratter, J.A. [4129] Brazil K001220165 Yes
Eiten, G.; Eiten, L.T. [7328] Brazil K001220156 Yes
Pickersgill, B. [s.n.] Brazil K001220166 Yes
Hind, D.J.N. [3383] Brazil K001220161 Yes
Harley, R.M. [23014] Brazil K001220154 Yes
Guedes, M.L. [s.n.] Brazil K001220170 Yes
Medri, M.E. [s.n.] Brazil K001220162 Yes
s.coll. [Cat. no. 1153] K001112243 Unknown Type Material Yes
Rico, L.; Avendaño R., R. [2048] Mexico K000266023 No
Hind, D.J.N. [s.n.] Brazil K001220148 Yes
Carvalho, A.M. [2263] Brazil K001220174 Yes
Wallich, N. [Cat. no. 1155] Burma K001112246 Unknown Type Material Yes
Guedes, M.L. [5210] Brazil K001220171 Yes
Heringer, E.P. [14184] Brazil K001220150 Yes
Harley, R.M. [6690] Brazil K001220149 Yes
Mimura, I. [276] Brazil K001220158 Yes
Spruce, R. [4214] Peru Bombacaceae K000111953 Yes
Redden, K.M.; Perry, C.; Williams, R. [1243] Guyana Bombacaceae K001636910 No
Clarke, H.D.; Williams, R.; Perry, C.; Tripp, E.; Kelly, J. [9804] Guyana Bombacaceae K001636849 No
Redden, K. C.; Perry, C.; Wurdack, K.; Glennon, K.; Liverpool, E.; Banjamin, P.; Hinchcliff, C. E. [3905] Guyana Bombacaceae K001870189 No
Sugden, A. [395] Panama Bombacaceae K001528876 Yes
Nov 1, 2010 de Vogel; Vermeulen [7033] Tiliaceae K000577026 No
Triono, T. [140] Tiliaceae K:SPC-70632.000 No
s.coll. [Cat. no. s.n.] Bangladesh Tiliaceae K001132321 Unknown Type Material Yes
Clarke, H.D.; Williams, R.; Perry, C. [8515] Guyana Tiliaceae K001636843 No
Galdames, C.; Freire-Fierro, A. [6818] Panama Tiliaceae K001930030 Yes
Boyle, B.; Haber, W.; Zuchowski, W. [7071] Costa Rica Tiliaceae K001930056 Yes
Acosta, L.; Ramírez, V.; Soto, G.; Sancho, G. [2094] Costa Rica Tiliaceae K001930057 Yes
Suddee, S.' Trisarasri, P.; Puudjaa, P.; Rueangruea, S.; Kiewbang, W.; Hemrat, C.; Pansamrong, P. [4502] Thailand Tiliaceae K001930430 No
Cabezas, F.; Velayos, M. [2296] Equatorial Guinea Tiliaceae K001873335 No
de Hoogh, R.J. [133] Botswana Tiliaceae K001590107 Yes
Hart, T.B. [425] Congo, Democratic Republic of the Tiliaceae K001532675 Yes
Hart, T.B. [365] Congo, Republic of the Tiliaceae K001532676 Yes
s.coll. [Cat. no. s.n.] Sterculiaceae K001132316 Unknown Type Material Yes
Gartlan, J.S. [21] Cameroon Sterculiaceae K000094991 Yes
s.coll. [Cat. no. 1153] India Sterculiaceae K000639534 Unknown Type Material Yes
Utteridge, T.M.A. [75] Indonesia Sterculiaceae K:SPC-70107.000 No
Maitland, T.D. [203] Cameroon Sterculiaceae K000094993 No
Henkel, T.; James, R. [3854] Guyana Sterculiaceae K001890001 No
Henkel, T.; Chin, M. [5494] Guyana Sterculiaceae K001890004 No
Henkel, T.; Williams, R.; James, V. [2808] Guyana Sterculiaceae K001636998 No
Henkel, T.; Chin, M.; Williams, L. [5865] Guyana Sterculiaceae K001890010 No
McDowell, T.; Gopaul, D. [2457] Guyana Sterculiaceae K001636854 No
De Bruin Jn., J. [1101] Colombia Sterculiaceae K001636218 No
Whitlock, B.; Pollard; Gosline; Cheek [406] Cameroon Sterculiaceae K001401820 Yes
Morgan, B.J. [BJM 330] Gabon Sterculiaceae K001930253 Yes
Morgan, B.J. [BJM 320] Gabon Sterculiaceae K001930254 Yes
Tchouto (Mbatchou), P. [156] Cameroon Sterculiaceae K000540491 No
Latilo, M.G. [FHI 43827] Cameroon Sterculiaceae K000094994 No
Ellen, R.F. [1161] Indonesia Sterculiaceae K:SPC-64657.000 No
Ash [1430] Ethiopia Sterculiaceae K:SPC-35799.000 No
Sands, M.J.S. [1132] Papua New Guinea Sterculiaceae K:SPC-09108.010 No

Sources

  • Flora Zambesiaca

    • Flora Zambesiaca
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Flora of Tropical East Africa

    • Flora of Tropical East Africa
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Flora of West Tropical Africa

    • Flora of West Tropical Africa
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Flora of the Cayman Islands

    • Flora of the Cayman Islands
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Herbarium Catalogue Specimens

    • 'The Herbarium Catalogue, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the Internet http://www.kew.org/herbcat [accessed on Day Month Year]'. Please enter the date on which you consulted the system.

  • Kew Names and Taxonomic Backbone

    • The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants 2024. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and https://powo.science.kew.org/
    • © Copyright 2023 International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

  • Kew Science Photographs

    • Copyright applied to individual images

  • Neotropikey

    • Milliken, W., Klitgard, B. and Baracat, A. (2009 onwards), Neotropikey - Interactive key and information resources for flowering plants of the Neotropics.
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Trees of New Guinea

    • Trees of New Guinea
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • The Kew Temperate Plant Families Identification Handbook

    • The Kew Temperate Plant Families Identification Handbook
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • The Kew Tropical Plant Families Identification Handbook

    • The Kew Tropical Plant Families Identification Handbook
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0