Violaceae Batsch

First published in Tab. Affin. Regni Veg. 57. 1802 [2 May 1802] (as "Violariae") (1802)
This family is accepted

Accepted Genera

Classification

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Publications

POWO follows these authorities in accepting this name:

  • APG IV (2016) http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/boj.12385

The Kew Tropical Plant Families Identification Handbook

  • Ballard, H. E. (2007). Violaceae. In: V. H. Heywood, R. K. Brummitt, A. Culham & O. Seberg (eds), Flowering Plant Families of the World, pp. 331–333. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  • Ballard, H. E., de Paula-Souza, J. & Wahlert, G. A. (2014). Violaceae. In K. Kubitzki, Flowering Plants. Eudicots: Malpighiales. Springer, Heidelberg.
  • Fernández del Valle, Á. (2005). Violaceae. In: P. E. Berry, K. Yatskievych & B. K. Holst (eds), Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana 9: 445–465. Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis.
  • Hekking, W. H. A. (1988). Violaceae. Part 1: Rinorea and Rinoreocarpus. Flora Neotropica, Monograph 46. New York Botanical Garden, New York.
  • Hutchinson, J. & Dalziel, J. M. (1954). In: R. W. J. Keay. Flora of West Tropical Africa 1 (1). 2nd Edition. Crown Agents, London.
  • Jacobs, M. & Moore, D. M. (1971). Violaceae. Flora Malesiana, Ser. I, 7: 179–212. National Herbarium of the Netherlands, Leiden.

Neotropikey

  • Eichler, A.W. (1871). Violaceae. In: Martius, K.F.P & Eichler, A.W. (eds.) Flora Brasiliensis. Monachii, Typographia Regia. 13 (1): 345-396.
  • Hekking, W. H. A. (1984). Studies on neotropical Violaceae: The genus Fusispermum. Proc. Kon. Ned. Akad. Wetensch., C 87(2): 121-130.
  • Hekking, W.H.A. (1988). Violaceae (Rinorea and Rioneocarpus). In: Flora Neotropica: 46 (1). The New York Botanical Garden. New York. 207p.
  • Morton, C.V. (1944). The genus Hybanthus in continental North America. Contr. US. Natl. Herb. 29: 74-82.
  • Munzinger, J.K & Ballard, H.E. (2003). Hekkingia (Violaceae), a New Arborescent Violet Genus from French Guiana, with a Key to Genera in the Family. Syst. Bot. 28 (2): 345-351.
  • Okuoka, T. (2008). Molecular phylogenetic analysis of Violaceae (Malpighiales) based on plastid and nuclear DNA sequences. J.Plant Res. 121: 253-260.
  • Paula-Souza, J. & Souza, V.C. (2003)a. Hybanthopsis, a new genus of Violaceae from Eastern Brazil. Brittonia. New York, U.S.A. 55 (2): 206 - 210.
  • Robyns, A. (1957). In: Woodson, R.E. & Schery, R.W. Flora of Panama. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 54: 65-84.
  • Schulze, G.K. (1936). Morphologisch-systematische Studien über die Gattung Hybanthus mit besonderer Berücksichtigung der südamerikanischen Arten. Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 67: 437-492.
  • Smith, L.B. & Fernandéz-Pérez, A. (1954). Revisio Violacearum Colombiae. Caldasia 6 (28): 83-181.
  • Sparre, B. (1950). Estudios sobre las Violaceas Argentinas. Lilloa 23: 515-574.
  • Standley, P.C. & Williams, L.O. (1961). Flora of Guatemala 8. Fieldiana, Bot. 24, 7 (1): 70-82.

Trees of New Guinea

  • Jacobs, M. & Moore, D.M. (1971). Violaceae. Fl. Males., Ser. I, Spermat. 7: 179–212 (Rinorea pp. 180–192).
  • Timothy M.A. Utteridge (2022). Trees of New Guinea. Timothy M. A. Utteridge and Laura V. S. Jennings (Eds) Kew Publishing. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew

The Kew Temperate Plant Families Identification Handbook

  • Ballard, H. E., de Paula-Souza, J. E., de Paula-Souza, J. & Wahlert, G. A. (2014). Violaceae. In: K. Kubitzki (ed.), The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants, Vol. XI: 303–322. Springer Verlag, Berlin & Heidelberg.
  • Breitwieser, I., Brownsey, P. J., Nelson, W. A., Smissen, R. & Wilton, A. D. (eds) (2010–2021). Meicytus. In: Flora of New Zealand Online. www.nzflora.info/search.html?q=melicytus.
  • Little, R. J. & McKinney, L. E. (2015). Violaceae. In: Flora of North America Editorial Committee (eds), Flora of North America North of Mexico 6: 106. [For Cubelium concolor, see Hybanthus concolor].
  • Utteridge, T. (2015). Violaceae. In: T. Utteridge & G. Bramley (eds) (2015). The Kew Tropical Plant Families Identification Handbook. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  • Wahlert, G. A., Marcussen, T., de Paula-Souza, J., Feng, M. & Ballard, H. E., Jr. (2014). A phylogeny of the Violaceae (Malpighiales) inferred from plastid DNA sequences: implications for generic diversity and intrafamilial taxonomy. Syst. Bot. 39 (1): 239–252.

Other Data

Other Kew resources that provide information on this taxon:

Date Reference Identified As Barcode Type Status Has image?
Wood, J.R.I. [9386] Bolivia K004670586 Yes
Hoff, M. [6811] French Guiana K004670580 Yes
Feuillet, C.; Montagne Torte Exped. members [10117] French Guiana K001890026 No
Redden, K. M.; Wurdack, K.; Rodriguez, A.; Perry, C.; Ragnauth, P. [6223] Guyana K001870186 No
Redden, K.M.; Wurdack, K.; Alexander, S. N.; Perry, C.; Jacobis, C.; Hunter, D.; Roland, V.; Hunter, H. [6786] Guyana K001635956 No
Redden, K.M.; Wurdack, K.; Rodriguez, A.; Perry, C.; Ragnauth, P. [6218] Guyana K001635951 No
Redden, K.M.; Wurdack, K.; Perry, C.; Zimmerman, E.; Hunter, D.; Hunter, T.; Roland, V. [6554] Guyana K001635955 No
Redden, K.M.; Perry, C.; Paul, C.; Lyle, M. [1682] Guyana K001635943 No
Redden, K.M.; Wurdack, K.; Rodriguez, A.; Perry, C.; Ragnauth, P.; John, N.; Joseph, E. [6282] Guyana K001635952 No
Redden, K.M.; Wurdack, K.; Rodriguez, A.; Perry, C.; Ragnauth, P. [6221] Guyana K001635953 No
Redden, K.M.; Wurdack, K.; Alexander, S. N.; Perry, C.; Jacobis, C.; Hunter, D.; Roland, V.; Hunter, H. [7064] Guyana K001635928 No
Dorr, L.J. [3888] Madagascar K004670575 Yes
Harley, W.J. [1038] Liberia K004670572 Yes
Meyers, D. [238] Madagascar K004670576 Yes
Ariwaodo, J.O. [1104] Nigeria K004670564 Yes
de Granville [6581] French Guiana K004670579 Yes
Kostermans, A.J. [25185] India K004670559 Yes
Fanshawe, D.B. [s.n.] Zambia K004670569 Yes
Gomes e Sousa, A. [4832] Mozambique K004670570 Yes
Christenhusz, M.J.M [6435] Australia K000696284 Yes
Poilane, M.E. [18954] Vietnam K001560137 Yes
Poilane, M.E. [19013] Vietnam K001560138 Yes
Wood, J.R.I. [10142] Bolivia K004670587 Yes
Ariwaodo, J.O. [1104] Nigeria K004670563 Yes
Wood, J.R.I.; Goyder, D.J. [15753] Bolivia K004670589 Yes
Archbold, N.E. [857] Tanzania K004670568 Yes
von Sneidern, K. [5166] Colombia K004670585 Yes
Wood, J.R.I. [16090] Bolivia K004670590 Yes
Rodríguoz, C.R. [1109] Peru K004670595 Yes
Amachi, J.O. [FHI38298] Nigeria K004670561 Yes
Wood, J.R.I. [10579] Bolivia K004670591 Yes
Wood, J.R.I. [12144] Bolivia K004670593 Yes
Cornejo, X.; Bonifaz, C. [5575] Ecuador K004670594 Yes
Chapman, J.D. [4988] Nigeria K004670565 Yes
Ruiz, J. [1297] Peru K004670581 Yes
Bernardi, L. [8302] Nigeria K004670562 Yes
Perlman, S.; Wichman, C. [446] United States K004670560 Yes
Gomes e Sousa, A. [4832] Mozambique K004670571 Yes
Bates, G.L. [s.n.] Cameroon K004670566 Yes
Pennington, R.T.; Harrison, G.J.; Monro, A.K.; Rowe, E.C. [114] Bolivia K004670582 Yes
Schlieben, H.J. [11186] Cameroon K004670577 Yes
Mbani, J.-M. [352] Cameroon K004670567 Yes
Kirkbride, J.H. [4500] Brazil K001216046 Yes
Pennington, R.T.; Harrison, G.J.; Monro, A.K.; Rowe, E.C. [114] Bolivia K004670583 Yes
Capuron, R. [26116SF] Madagascar K004670574 Yes
Ruiz, J.; Campes, J. [1777] Peru K004670584 Yes
Wood, J.R.I. [9477] Bolivia K004670592 Yes
Wood, J.R.I. [11678] Bolivia K004670588 Yes
Rugel, F. [94] Cuba K004670578 Yes
Warner, R.M. [101] Liberia K004670573 Yes

Sources

  • Flora Zambesiaca

    • Flora Zambesiaca
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Flora of Tropical East Africa

    • Flora of Tropical East Africa
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Flora of West Tropical Africa

    • Flora of West Tropical Africa
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Herbarium Catalogue Specimens

    • 'The Herbarium Catalogue, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the Internet http://www.kew.org/herbcat [accessed on Day Month Year]'. Please enter the date on which you consulted the system.

  • Kew Names and Taxonomic Backbone

    • The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants 2025. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and https://powo.science.kew.org/
    • © Copyright 2023 International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

  • Neotropikey

    • Milliken, W., Klitgard, B. and Baracat, A. (2009 onwards), Neotropikey - Interactive key and information resources for flowering plants of the Neotropics.
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Trees of New Guinea

    • Trees of New Guinea
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • The Kew Temperate Plant Families Identification Handbook

    • The Kew Temperate Plant Families Identification Handbook
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • The Kew Tropical Plant Families Identification Handbook

    • The Kew Tropical Plant Families Identification Handbook
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0