[FZ]
Flora Zambesiaca. Vol. 8, Part 4. Solanaceae. Gonçalves AE. 2005
- Morphology General
- Herbs, shrubs or trees, sometimes climbing, with fibrous or tuber-bearing roots or rhizomatous, sometimes armed with straight to hooked prickles, usually pubescent with a variety of simple, branched or stellate, rarely peltate, eglandular or glandular hairs, sometimes accompanied by bristles, often with multicellular glands intermixed, rarely glabrous Plants never armed, glabrous or with various simple to branched or dendritic hairs, elsewhere sometimes with truly stellate hairs or scales; cymes extra-axillary or sometimes terminal and then sometimes remaining so unless overtopped by a side branch, usually eventually lateral; anthers oblong, opening by large terminal pores or slits and then often slit down the side with age
- Morphology Leaves
- Leaves alternate, sometimes appearing in pairs with one larger (major) and the other smaller (minor), petiolate or sessile, sometimes clasping the stem, entire to deeply lobed or pinnatisect, sometimes prickly, sometimes with pseudostipules Leaves alternate, sometimes appearing in pairs with one larger (major) and the other smaller (minor), petiolate or sessile, sometimes clasping the stem, entire to deeply lobed or pinnatisect, sometimes prickly, sometimes with pseudostipules.
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences
- Cymes developmentally terminal but quickly overtopped by the lateral shoot which is often fused with the basal part of the peduncle (concaulescent) so the cyme becomes lateral and extra-axillary, less often axillary or leaf-opposed, variously developed, consisting of terminal cincinni, sometimes curled (scorpioid), elongate (racemiform) or contracted (umbelliform), with a peduncle, sometimes dichotomously branched (paniculiform or corymbiform) or unbranched (racemiform), or ± sessile (fascicled), few–many-flowered, rarely 1-flowered, ebracteate and ebracteolate Cymes developmentally terminal but quickly overtopped by the lateral shoot which is often fused with the basal part of the peduncle (concaulescent) so the cyme becomes lateral and extra-axillary, less often axillary or leaf-opposed, variously developed, consisting of terminal cincinni, sometimes curled (scorpioid), elongate (racemiform) or contracted (umbelliform), with a peduncle, sometimes dichotomously branched (paniculiform or corymbiform) or unbranched (racemiform), or ± sessile (fascicled), few–many-flowered, rarely 1-flowered, ebracteate and ebracteolate.
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers
- Flowers actinomorphic, sometimes slightly zygomorphic, (4)5(6)-merous, bisexual or the lower ones bisexual and the upper ones in the same inflorescence functionally male (female sterile by reduction of the ovary), elsewhere occasionally all unisexual. Flowers actinomorphic, sometimes slightly zygomorphic, (4)5(6)-merous, bisexual or the lower ones bisexual and the upper ones in the same inflorescence functionally male (female sterile by reduction of the ovary), elsewhere occasionally all unisexual; pedicels often articulated above the base to the midpoint (perhaps indicating ancestral bracteoles), rarely at the base, leaving small scars on the axes when shed.
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Pedicel
- Pedicels often articulated above the base to the midpoint (perhaps indicating ancestral bracteoles), rarely at the base, leaving small scars on the axes when shed
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Calyx
- Calyx longer than the corolla tube, campanulate, rotate or cupular, with (4)5(10) valvate teeth or lobes, sometimes accrescent and sometimes investing the fruit when mature, the lobes appressed or loosely raised, sometimes reflexed, when mature mostly splitting at the sutures Calyx longer than the corolla tube, campanulate, rotate or cupular, with (4)5(10) valvate teeth or lobes, sometimes accrescent and sometimes investing the fruit when mature, the lobes appressed or loosely raised, sometimes reflexed, when mature mostly splitting at the sutures.
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Corolla
- Corolla most often flushed purple, violet or blue, sometimes mauve or white, more rarely yellow, shortly tubular to campanulate, rotate or deeply stelliform; tube usually short; limb usually broad, entire to deeply lobed or even divided to the base, spreading to reflexed, the lobes usually ± pubescent to tomentose on the back, united or not by a membrane, with plicate or induplicate-valvate aestivation Corolla most often flushed purple, violet or blue, sometimes mauve or white, more rarely yellow, shortly tubular to campanulate, rotate or deeply stelliform; tube usually short; limb usually broad, entire to deeply lobed or even divided to the base, spreading to reflexed, the lobes usually ± pubescent to tomentose on the back, united or not by a membrane, with plicate or induplicate-valvate aestivation.
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Androecium Stamens
- Stamens equal to unequal, ± as long as the corolla lobes, usually exserted; filaments often short, glabrous or pubescent, inserted on the corolla tube at varying heights, often partially connate or united at the base forming a ring or rarely wanting; anthers usually all fertile, rarely rudimentary, short and thick to elongate and tapered, occasionally prolonged into a sterile appendage, rarely pubescent, usually connivent around the style, rarely connate, attached at the base or shortly above, dehiscing by terminal pores, these sometimes developing into short or long slits; connective sometimes enlarged Stamens equal to unequal, ± as long as the corolla lobes, usually exserted; filaments often short, glabrous or pubescent, inserted on the corolla tube at varying heights, often partially connate or united at the base forming a ring or rarely wanting; anthers usually all fertile, rarely rudimentary, short and thick to elongate and tapered, occasionally prolonged into a sterile appendage, rarely pubescent, usually connivent around the style, rarely connate, attached at the base or shortly above, dehiscing by terminal pores, these sometimes developing into short or long slits; connective sometimes enlarged.
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Gynoecium Ovary
- "Ovary usually ± globose, basically 2-locular with an expanded axile placenta, sometimes elaborated and developing 1–2 secondary (""false"") septa between its principal lobes, appearing 3–4-locular, or dividing into branches filling the locules, the ovules hemicampylotropous, numerous."
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Gynoecium Style
- Style simple, equalling or exceeding the anthers, terete, erect or declinate and somewhat sigmoid in shape and then with the stigmatic tip often bent or almost hooked, rarely persistent.
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Gynoecium Stigma
- Stigma terminal, capitate, small or slightly elongate, obscurely 2–4-lobed to markedly 2-fid
- Note
- The circumscription of the genus and the subdivision into subgenera, sections and groups has received considerable attention and is significantly affected by recent molecular and cladistic studies. Cyphomandra is now included, see Bohs in Taxon 44: 583–587 (1995). The situation of Lycopersicon is more controversial. It too is nested within Solanum, with clear evidence for its position in subgen. Solanum sect. Petota, where it is placed here after consultation with the authors of the Flora of Ethiopia and the Flora of Tropical East Africa. The morphological separation of the 9–12 species involved is clear-cut, however, and almost all the literature on this economically important segregate has been written under Lycopersicon. Nee in Nee, Symon, Lester & Jessop, Solanaceae IV: 299 (1999) recommends that Lycopersicon should be retained for practical purposes and such treatment will also be found in Hunziker, Gen. Solanacearum (2001) and some other recent literature. One of the largest genera of vascular plants, with about 1250 species, showing great variability in form and ecological preference, almost worldwide, from tropical to temperate regions of both hemispheres, principally the southern, mostly centred in tropical America, mainly South America, but also in temperate America and Africa. The genus is a source of numerous toxic and medicinal species as well as several food plants (S. tuberosum L., S. lycopersicum L., S. betaceum Cav., S. melongena L., S. muricatum Aiton and S. quitoense Lam.), and also of many weeds of disturbed habitats. About 100–110 species in Africa and adjacent islands, many of them native and several locally or regionally endemic, variously used in folk medicine and a few regularly cultivated as food crops (S. melongena L., S. aethiopicum L. and S. macrocarpon L.), or introduced as ornamentals (S. seaforthianum Andrews, S. laxum Spreng., S. pseudocapsicum L., S. wendlandii Hook.f., S. capsicoides All., S. mammosum L., S. wrightii Benth. and S. robustum H.L. Wendl.); 39 species recorded in the Flora Zambesiaca area, 11 of them known only under cultivation. Species of this enormous genus (and indeed the whole family) do tend to be variable. There is often an overlap of the character states that at first sight would seem to be very distinctive and it is often necessary to consider a combination of features for identification (and rather easily confirmed if herbarium material or illustrations are available for comparison). It is helpful to note the habit of the plant, whether domesticated or not, and to collect fruits as well as flowers, noting the size, colour and texture. Further observations on hybrids, local domesticates and natural variation would be valuable. For present purposes it seems best to treat a number of the more variable species, such as S. anguivi, S. giganteum, S. incanum and S. macrocarpon, in a broad sense, without attempting any formal subdivisions. The arrangement of species follows Nee, op. cit.: 285–333 (1999), but for practical reasons, particularly considering the anomalous character states of some cultivated species, an artificial key is provided to identify the species in the Flora Zambesiaca area. The synopsis below will, however, give a good idea of the broad relationships of the many groups. Predominantly diploid, but also tetraploid, hexaploid or octoploid; chromosome number-base: x=12
- Morphology General Habit
- Herbs, shrubs or trees, sometimes climbing, with fibrous or tuber-bearing roots or rhizomatous, sometimes armed with straight to hooked prickles, usually pubescent with a variety of simple, branched or stellate, rarely peltate, eglandular or glandular hairs, sometimes accompanied by bristles, often with multicellular glands intermixed, rarely glabrous.
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Disc
- Disk inconspicuous or absent. Disk inconspicuous or absent
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Gynoecium Pistil
- Ovary usually ± globose, basically 2-locular with an expanded axile placenta, sometimes elaborated and developing 1–2 secondary ("false") septa between its principal lobes, appearing 3–4-locular, or dividing into branches filling the locules, the ovules hemicampylotropous, numerous; style simple, equalling or exceeding the anthers, terete, erect or declinate and somewhat sigmoid in shape and then with the stigmatic tip often bent or almost hooked, rarely persistent; stigma terminal, capitate, small or slightly elongate, obscurely 2–4-lobed to markedly 2-fid.
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits
- Fruit a berry, pale green, yellow to red, brown to purple, ± black or ivory-white, usually globose, sometimes ovoid, rarely conical or oblong, when ripe juicy, mucilaginous, fleshy, papery or bony, sometimes partially hollow, rarely dry and sub-capsular, usually 2-locular with slightly enlarged placental area in the centre of the septum, from it radiating the seeds into the usually pulp-filled locules between the septum and the pericarp, becoming unilocular by reduction of the septum, more rarely 3–4-locular by proliferation of it, sometimes aromatic, mostly falling from the receptacle, with or without sclerotic granules. Fruit a berry, pale green, yellow to red, brown to purple, ± black or ivory-white, usually globose, sometimes ovoid, rarely conical or oblong, when ripe juicy, mucilaginous, fleshy, papery or bony, sometimes partially hollow, rarely dry and sub-capsular, usually 2-locular with slightly enlarged placental area in the centre of the septum, from it radiating the seeds into the usually pulp-filled locules between the septum and the pericarp, becoming unilocular by reduction of the septum, more rarely 3–4-locular by proliferation of it, sometimes aromatic, mostly falling from the receptacle, with or without sclerotic granules
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Seeds
- Seeds few–many, mostly flattened, compressed laterally, mostly discoidal or ± reniform, rarely surrounded by a distinct wing or appearing tomentose or hirsute; testa smooth or minutely pitted, less often muricate; embryo circinnate, sub-marginal in the fleshy usually abundant endosperm; cotyledons ovate to linear-lanceolate in outline, incumbent or sometimes oblique. Seeds few–many, mostly flattened, compressed laterally, mostly discoidal or ± reniform, rarely surrounded by a distinct wing or appearing tomentose or hirsute; testa smooth or minutely pitted, less often muricate; embryo circinnate, sub-marginal in the fleshy usually abundant endosperm; cotyledons ovate to linear-lanceolate in outline, incumbent or sometimes oblique
- Cytology
- Predominantly diploid, but also tetraploid, hexaploid or octoploid; chromosome number-base: x=12.
[FSOM]
M. Thulin et al. Flora of Somalia, Vol. 1-4 [updated 2008] https://plants.jstor.org/collection/FLOS
- Morphology General Habit
- Herbs or shrubs, sometimes climbers; stems and young branches with or without prickles, often pubescent with glandular, simple or stellate hairs
- Morphology Leaves
- Leaves alternate or sometimes paired, simple, pinnatisect or apparently pinnate to lobed or entire
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences
- Inflorescences often raceme-, umbel- or panicle-like, terminal, axillary or extra-axillary or leaf-opposed
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers
- Flowers usually bisexual, but in some species inflorescences with one bisexual or female basal flower and a varying number of distal male flowers (andromonoecious), actinomorphic or slightly zygomorphic, especially in androecium
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Calyx
- Calyx campanulate, rotate or cup-shaped, usually 5-merous with acute or acuminate lobes, sometimes enlarged in fruit
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Corolla
- Corolla stellate and deeply lobed to rotate, rarely campanulate, purple, blue or less frequently white, the lobes folded in bud
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Androecium Stamens
- Stamens usually equal, sometimes one stamen different from the rest, inserted in the throat of the corolla; anthers basifixed, often cohering around the style, dehiscent by terminal pores or slits
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Gynoecium Ovary
- Ovary 2-celled; stigma terminal, small, capitate or bifid
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits
- Fruit a juicy, papery or leathery berry, sometimes ± enclosed in accrescent fruiting calyx
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Seeds
- Seeds white, brown or black.
- Distribution
- Genus of about 1200 species in all parts of the world, chiefly in subtropical Central and South America with secondary centres of distribution in Africa and Australia.
- Vernacular
- The vernacular names kariir (or kariiri) or mooh are used for several species of Solanum in Somalia.
[FTEA]
Solanaceae, Jennifer M Edmonds. Oliganthes, Melongena & Monodolichopus, Maria S. Vorontsova & Sandra Knapp. Flora of Tropical East Africa. 2012
- Morphology General Habit
- Annual or perennial herbs, woody shrubs, lianas or trees.
- Morphology Stem
- Stems stoloniferous, rhizomatous, tuberiferous or with gemmiferous roots; branches glabrous or with simple, branched, stellate, dendritic or echinoid multicellular, eglandular or glandularheaded hairs, sometimes with prickles
- Morphology Leaves
- Leaves simple and entire to lobed or compound, alternate or opposite, stipulate, sometimes with prickles; petiolate or sessile
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences
- Inflorescences terminal, axillary, leaf-opposed or extra-axillary racemose or paniculate cymes, 2–300+ flowered, rarely 1-flowered; pedunculate to epedunculate, flowers sessile or pedicellate, pedicels sometimes articulate; flowers white to purple, rarely yellow, often with basal translucent, green, yellow or purple star, actinomorphic or zygomorphic, (4–)5(–6)-merous; pedicels erect to reflexed, glabrescent to pubescent
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Calyx
- Calyx cyathiform to campanulate, with 5(–10) triangular acute lobes often prolonged through the calyx as prominent veins, slightly to fully accrescent and persistent in fruit; sometimes with an annular thickening basally
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Corolla
- Corolla campanulaterotate to stellate with short tube and shallowly to deeply lobed; lobes valvate in bud, often spreading after anthesis
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Androecium Stamens
- Stamens usually 5, equal or unequal; filaments joined to corolla tube, glabrous to pubescent; anthers connivent, basifixed, exserted, dehiscing by apical pores which often develop into short or long lateral slits
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Gynoecium Ovary
- Ovary usually sessile, ovoid or pyriform to globose, glabrous, bi- or tri-locular, ovules numerous; disc small or absent, annular; style filiform, glabrous to pilose, often exserted; stigma capitate , globose, sometimes bilobed
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits
- Fruit erect or drooping, dryish or sub-fleshy, globose to obovoid berries, often depressed, 2- to 3- locular, smooth
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Seeds
- Seeds few to many, reniform to suborbicular, compressed laterally, rarely winged, rugose; sclerotic granules present or absent
- Type
- Type species: Solanum nigrum L.
- Note
- According to Jaeger & Hepper (1986) native Solanum species found in the FTEA region belong to the three sections Afrosolanum Bitter, Bendirianum Bitter and Solanum of the subgenus Solanum, and the seven sections Anisantherum Bitter, Ischyracanthum Bitter, Melongena (Mill.) Dunal, Monodolichopus Bitter, Oliganthes (Dunal) Bitter, Somalanum Bitter, and Torva Nees of the subgenus Leptostemonum (Dunal) Bitter. This latter subgenus is probably the most complex subdivision of Solanum, comprising around 33 Many of Solanum species revisions have been regional and especially concerned with the New World components. The latter were tackled by Nee (1999) for example, while Symon (Journ. Adelaide Bot. Gard., 4: 1–367 (1981) & 8: 20–168 (1985)) revised those in Australia and New Guinea. Meanwhile Whalen (in Gentes Herb. 12(4) (1984)) produced an invaluable conspectus of species groups in the subgenus Leptostemonum. The most important revisions of African Solanums include those of Dammer (in E.J. 28: 473–477 (1901), 38: 176–195 (1906), 48: 236–260; 53: 325–352 (1915)); Bitter (in F.R. 10: 542–548 (1912) & in E.J. 49: 560–569 (1913), 54: 416–506 (1917) & 57: 248–286 (1921)); Jaeger (Systematic Studies in the genus Solanum in Africa (1985, Ph.D. thesis, ined.)) and Jaeger & Hepper (in D’Arcy (ed.), Solanaceae Biology & Systematics, 41–55 (1986)) all of which were largely based on traditional taxonomic characters. Both Dammer and Bitter adopted narrow species concepts and were ‘splitters’, usually describing any infraspecific variation formally as subspecies or varieties. Though their publications include extremely detailed species descriptions they were invariably based on limited herbarium material and many of the specimens on which their new taxa were based have since been destroyed or lost. For example, Bitter described many new Solanum species in his Solana Africana from specimens in the Berlin-Dahlem (B) herbarium which was destroyed during World War II. Other species, based on specimens in the Polish herbarium Wroclaw (WRSL), known as Breslau in Bitter’s time, were similarly destroyed. Though duplicates of many of the species that he described from other geographical areas, particularly from Central and South America have been traced, this is not so for several of the African species especially those belonging to the section Solanum. Some of those that have been traced proved to be valid species, but many others are synonyms. The affinity of the remainder can be surmised to some extent from his extensive protologues, though in such variable and closely related species the synonymy of the taxa concerned is often only tentative. Unfortunately, Bitter died without completing his comprehensive monograph of African Solanum species. Jaeger’s (1985) subsequent survey of the African species provided the latest comprehensive review of Solanum species found throughout Africa, but it remains unpublished. His supervisor Richard Lester was in the process of preparing Jaeger’s work for publication before his untimely death in 2006, though there are plans to publish this account posthumously. The African subgenus Leptostemonum is currently being revised by Vorontsova and Knapp. of the species; recent molecular analyses (e.g. Levin et al. in Amer. Journ. Bot., 93: 157–169 (2006)) are beginning to yield interesting information on this group, though they have yet to clarify species relationships within it. Nonnative species belonging to other subgenera and many other sections are also widely found throughout this area. are probably the result of recent introductions – either deliberate or casual. Approximately 70 Solanum species including infra-specific taxa have been recognised in this treatment for Tropical East Africa, of which some are introductions and are only known under cultivation. Solanum is one of the largest flowering plant genera and occurs in tropical and temperate regions throughout the world. The generic name is believed to be derived from the latin ‘solamen’ meaning comfort, and to allude to the reputed narcotic properties of the generic type Solanum nigrum L. Solanum species, which are often called Nightshades, exhibit considerable morphological diversity and a range of ecological preferences. Jaeger & Hepper (in D’Arcy (ed.), Solanaceae, Biology & Systematics: 44 (1986)) estimated that around 110 Solanum species occur in Africa and its adjacent islands, of which some 20 Of the Solanum species found in the floral region, many are important food plants, such as the potato, S. tuberosum L.; the African eggplants, S. aethiopicum L., S. macrocarpon L., and S. melongena L.; and the African nightshades, S. nigrum sensu lato. Others are cultivated as ornamentals, either for their showy flowers such as the Jasmine Nightshade, S. laxum Spreng., or for their colorful berries, e.g., the Jerusalem cherry, S. pseudocapsicum L., while some constitute troublesome weeds of disturbed habitats. The genus is also a source of toxin - largely in the form of steroidal alkaloids such as solanidane; of medicinal drugs with S. campylacanthum L., for example, being one of the most widely used African medicinal species; and of drug precursors such as solasodine used in the production of corticosteroids and found in around 200 Solanum species ( cf. Hawkes in Nee et al. (eds), Solanaceae IV: 5 (1999)). A number of species figure prominently in ethnobotanical practices throughout the FTEA region. Indeed, Bukenya & Carasco (in Nee: 345–360 (1999)) reported that most of the 27 Solanum species found in Uganda play important social and economic roles among local populations, being used for magic, spiritual rites, and fertility cults as well as for food, medicine, and ornamentals. As with Solanums elsewhere, the African taxa are often extremely difficult to delimit; many exhibit considerable infra-specific variation and there is widespread confusion over identification and names. Both flowers and fruits are often necessary for accurate identification, together with notes on their respective colours and the fruit texture. In addition, notes on their habit and habitats are also useful. Often a combination of characters is required for definitive assessment. There are a number of species-complexes; they include the S. anguivi Lam. group and the S. incanum L. group – both belonging to the subgenus Leptostemonum, and the Black Nightshades – of the subgenus Solanum sect. Solanum which centres around the generic type S. nigrum. Between 1000 and 2000 species, though the accepted number is now thought not to exceed 1400. The genus is considered to be of New World origin, exhibiting its greatest diversity in the Neotropics particularly in Central and South America; D’Arcy (in Hawkes et al. (eds), Solanaceae III: 98 (1991)) suggested that over 500 Solanum species were endemic to the New World. Within the last two decades, infra- and inter-generic groupings have been greatly influenced by molecular and cladistic studies. However, Olmstead & Bohs (in Spooner et al. (eds), Solanaceae VI: 255–268 (2006)) estimated that only around 30 The genus has been the subject of innumerable treatments and revisions since it was first described in 1753. A useful summary of earlier subgeneric classifications of Solanum is given in Symon (in Journ. Adelaide Bot. Gard. 4 (1981)). Notable revisions include those of Dunal (Hist. Solanum (1813)) & in DC., Prodr. 13(1) (1852); D’Arcy (in Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 59: 262–278 (1972) & in Hawkes et al. Solanaceae III: 75–137 (1991) and Child & Lester (in van den Bergen et al. (eds), Solanaceae V: 39–60 (2001)). A number of new infrageneric taxa later proposed by Child (in F.R. 109: 5–6 & 407–427 (1998)) have since been synonymised by other authors. In 1991, D’Arcy subdivided the genus into seven subgenera containing approximately 62 sections; he then considered that the subgenus Leptostemonum (Dunal) Bitter displays its greatest diversity in the Americas but that diversification of this subgenus had occurred in Africa. He also suggested that minor centers of generic diversity had evolved in Africa, Madagascar and Macaronesia where the genus Solanum has evolved a number of distinctive sections many of which are endemic to these regions . of Solanum species had been analysed to 2006, though they noted that several major efforts to elucidate both the taxonomy and the molecular phylogeny of this genus world-wide are currently in progress. The most significant genera affected by molecular analyses have been Cyphomandra and Lycopersicon which are now accepted as belonging to the genus Solanum itself. Spooner et al. (in Amer. Journ. Bot. 80: 676–688 (1993)) used data from chloroplast DNA restriction site analysis to demonstrate that chemical, molecular and morphological data provided overwhelming evidence for the cladistic relationship of Solanum subg. Potatoe and Lycopersicon, and subsequently transferred all Lycopersicon epithets to Solanum. These authors further proposed the adoption of the epithet Solanum lycopersicum L. for the cultivated tomato. Subsequently, Bohs & Olmstead (in Nee et al. (eds), Solanaceae IV: 97–110 (1999)), using cpDNA to derive ndhF gene sequences confirmed earlier analyses which suggested that Cyphomandra should be included within Solanum and Bohs (in Taxon 44: 583–587 (1995)) later transferred the genus and all its species into Solanum. Bohs & Olmstead (in Syst. Bot. 22: 5–17 (1997)) then used chloroplast ndhF sequences to verify that both Lycopersicon and Cyphomandra nested within Solanum, while Olmstead & Palmer (in Syst. Bot., 22: 19–29 (1997)) showed that cpDNA restriction site variation strongly indicated that both Lycopersicon and Cyphomandra were derived from within Solanum and should be relegated to subgeneric or sectional status. Nevertheless several authors either retained these two genera as distinct (e.g. Hunziker in Genera Solanaceae, 2001) or argued that they should be retained for practical purposes (e.g. Nee in Solanaceae IV: 285–333 (1999)). Indeed, D’Arcy (in Hawkes et al. (eds), Solanaceae III: Taxonomy, Chemistry, Evolution: 81 (1991)) had already proposed that the conservation of the name Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. over other Lycopersicon names for the tomato by the 1987 International Botanical Congress could be construed as support for its separate generic status. Hunziker (2001) vehemently rejected the inclusion of both Lycopersicon and Cyphomandra within Solanum, arguing that though closely related, they are clearly distinguishable morphologically. He tabulated a number of characters by which Solanum could be delimited from Cyphomandra, and also considered that protoplasmic fusion experiments supported the recognition of Lycopersicon and Solanum as distinct genera. Nee (1999) considered that Cyphomandra should be placed in Solanum sect. Pachyphylla Dunal of the subgenus Bassovia (Aubl.) Bitter while Lycopersicon belongs to the sect. Petota of the subgenus Solanum. This FTEA treatment accepts the increasing molecular evidence supporting the inclusion Cyphomandra and Lycopersicon in Solanum, thereby following the F.Z. (but not the Fl. Eth.) Solanum account.
[FZ]
Flora Zambesiaca. Vol. 8, Part 4. Solanaceae. Gonçalves AE. 2005
- Morphology General
- Plants never armed, glabrous or with simple or irregularly branched hairs; cymes axillary or extra-axillary, or from forks of the stem; anthers tapering and with small terminal pores or sometimes oblong and opening by larger pores or slits
Native to:
Afghanistan, Alabama, Alaska, Albania, Alberta, Aldabra, Algeria, Altay, Amur, Andaman Is., Angola, Argentina Northeast, Argentina Northwest, Argentina South, Arizona, Arkansas, Aruba, Assam, Austria, Azores, Bahamas, Baleares, Baltic States, Bangladesh, Belarus, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bismarck Archipelago, Bolivia, Borneo, Botswana, Brazil North, Brazil Northeast, Brazil South, Brazil Southeast, Brazil West-Central, British Columbia, Bulgaria, Burkina, Burundi, Buryatiya, California, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canary Is., Cape Provinces, Cape Verde, Cayman Is., Central African Repu, Central American Pac, Central European Rus, Chad, Chatham Is., Chile Central, Chile North, Chile South, China North-Central, China South-Central, China Southeast, Chita, Christmas I., Colombia, Colorado, Comoros, Congo, Connecticut, Cook Is., Corse, Costa Rica, Cuba, Cyprus, Czechoslovakia, Delaware, Denmark, Desventurados Is., District of Columbia, Djibouti, Dominican Republic, East Aegean Is., East European Russia, East Himalaya, Easter Is., Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Fiji, Finland, Florida, France, Free State, French Guiana, Gabon, Galápagos, Gambia, Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Great Britain, Greece, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Gulf of Guinea Is., Gulf States, Guyana, Hainan, Haiti, Hawaii, Honduras, Hungary, Idaho, Illinois, India, Indiana, Inner Mongolia, Iowa, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Irkutsk, Italy, Ivory Coast, Jamaica, Japan, Jawa, Juan Fernández Is., Kansas, Kazakhstan, Kentucky, Kenya, Kermadec Is., Khabarovsk, Kirgizstan, Korea, Krasnoyarsk, Kriti, Krym, Kuril Is., Kuwait, KwaZulu-Natal, Laos, Lebanon-Syria, Leeward Is., Lesotho, Lesser Sunda Is., Liberia, Libya, Louisiana, Madagascar, Madeira, Maine, Malawi, Malaya, Mali, Maluku, Manchuria, Manitoba, Marianas, Marquesas, Marshall Is., Maryland, Massachusetts, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexican Pacific Is., Mexico Central, Mexico Gulf, Mexico Northeast, Mexico Northwest, Mexico Southeast, Mexico Southwest, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Mongolia, Montana, Morocco, Mozambique, Myanmar, Namibia, Nansei-shoto, Nebraska, Nepal, Netherlands, Netherlands Antilles, Nevada, New Brunswick, New Caledonia, New Guinea, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, New South Wales, New York, New Zealand North, New Zealand South, Newfoundland, Nicaragua, Nicobar Is., Niger, Nigeria, Niue, Norfolk Is., North Carolina, North Caucasus, North Dakota, North European Russi, Northern Provinces, Northern Territory, Northwest European R, Norway, Nova Scotia, Ogasawara-shoto, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oman, Ontario, Oregon, Pakistan, Palestine, Panamá, Paraguay, Pennsylvania, Peru, Philippines, Pitcairn Is., Poland, Portugal, Primorye, Prince Edward I., Puerto Rico, Qinghai, Queensland, Québec, Rhode I., Romania, Rwanda, Réunion, Sakhalin, Samoa, Sardegna, Saskatchewan, Saudi Arabia, Selvagens, Senegal, Seychelles, Sicilia, Sierra Leone, Sinai, Society Is., Socotra, Solomon Is., Somalia, South Australia, South Carolina, South China Sea, South Dakota, South European Russi, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Sulawesi, Sumatera, Suriname, Swaziland, Sweden, Switzerland, Tadzhikistan, Taiwan, Tanzania, Tasmania, Tennessee, Texas, Thailand, Tibet, Togo, Tokelau-Manihiki, Tonga, Transcaucasus, Trinidad-Tobago, Tuamotu, Tubuai Is., Tunisia, Turkey, Turkey-in-Europe, Turkmenistan, Turks-Caicos Is., Tuva, Uganda, Ukraine, Uruguay, Utah, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Venezuelan Antilles, Vermont, Victoria, Vietnam, Virginia, Washington, West Himalaya, West Siberia, West Virginia, Western Australia, Western Sahara, Windward Is., Wisconsin, Wyoming, Xinjiang, Yakutskiya, Yemen, Yugoslavia, Zambia, Zaïre, Zimbabwe
Introduced into:
Antipodean Is., Ascension, Bermuda, Caroline Is., Chagos Archipelago, Cocos (Keeling) Is., Gilbert Is., Kerguelen, Laccadive Is., Line Is., Nauru, Rodrigues, St.Helena, Tristan da Cunha, Tuvalu, Wake I.
- Solanum abitaguense S.Knapp
- Solanum abortivum Symon
- Solanum absconditum Agra
- Solanum abutilifolium Rusby
- Solanum abutiloides Bitter & Lillo
- Solanum acanthodapis A.R.Bean
- Solanum acaule Bitter
- Solanum accrescens Standl. & C.V.Morton
- Solanum acerifolium Humb. & Bonpl. ex Dunal
- Solanum achorum S.R.Stern
- Solanum acroglossum Juz.
- Solanum acropterum Griseb.
- Solanum acroscopicum Ochoa
- Solanum actaeabotrys Rusby
- Solanum actephilum Guillaumin
- Solanum aculeastrum Dunal
- Solanum aculeatissimum Jacq.
- Solanum acuminatum Ruiz & Pav.
- Solanum acutilobum Dunal
- Solanum adamantium Gouvêa
- Solanum adenobasis M.Nee & Farruggia
- Solanum adenophorum F.Muell.
- Solanum adoense Hochst. ex A.Rich.
- Solanum adoxum A.R.Bean
- Solanum adscendens Sendtn.
- Solanum adspersum Witasek
- Solanum aemulans Bitter & Wittm.
- Solanum aethiopicum L.
- Solanum affine Sendtn.
- Solanum africanum Mill.
- Solanum agnewiorum Voronts.
- Solanum agnoston S.Knapp
- Solanum agrarium Sendtn.
- Solanum agrimoniifolium Rydb.
- Solanum ajanhuiri Juz. & Bukasov
- Solanum alatirameum Bitter
- Solanum alatum Moench
- Solanum albescens (Britton) Hunz.
- Solanum albicans (Ochoa) Ochoa
- Solanum albidum Dunal
- Solanum albornozii Correll
- Solanum albostellatum R.W.Davis & P.J.H.Hurter
- Solanum aldabrense C.H.Wright
- Solanum aligerum Schltdl.
- Solanum alliariifolium M.Nee & Särkinen
- Solanum allophyllum (Miers) Standl.
- Solanum aloysiifolium Dunal
- Solanum alpinum Zoll. & Moritzi
- Solanum alternatopinnatum Steud.
- Solanum amayanum Ochoa
- Solanum amblophyllum Hook.
- Solanum amblymerum Dunal
- Solanum americanum Mill.
- Solanum amicorum Benth.
- Solanum ammophilum A.R.Bean
- Solanum amnicola S.Knapp
- Solanum amorimii S.Knapp & Giacomin
- Solanum amotapense Svenson
- Solanum amygdalifolium Steud.
- Solanum anamatophilum Ochoa
- Solanum anceps Ruiz & Pav.
- Solanum ancophilum (Correll) Ochoa
- Solanum andreanum Baker
- Solanum anfractum Symon
- Solanum anguivi Lam.
- Solanum angustialatum Bitter
- Solanum angustifidum Bitter
- Solanum angustifolium Mill.
- Solanum angustum Domin
- Solanum anisocladum Giacomin & Stehmann
- Solanum anisophyllum Van Heurck & Müll.Arg.
- Solanum annuum C.V.Morton
- Solanum anoacanthum Sendtn.
- Solanum anomalostemon S.Knapp & M.Nee
- Solanum anomalum Thonn.
- Solanum antisuyo Särkinen & S.Knapp
- Solanum apaporanum R.E.Schult.
- Solanum aparadense L.A.Mentz & M.Nee
- Solanum aphyodendron S.Knapp
- Solanum apiahyense Witasek
- Solanum apiculatum Sendtn.
- Solanum apodophyllum A.R.Bean
- Solanum appendiculatum Humb. & Bonpl. ex Dunal
- Solanum appressum K.E.Roe
- Solanum arachnidanthum Rusby
- Solanum arachnoides A.R.Bean
- Solanum arboreum Humb. & Bonpl. ex Dunal
- Solanum arcanum Peralta
- Solanum arenarium Sendtn.
- Solanum arenicola Särkinen & P.Gonzáles
- Solanum argenteum Dunal
- Solanum argentinum Bitter & Lillo
- Solanum argopetalum A.R.Bean
- Solanum aridicola A.R.Bean
- Solanum aridum Morong
- Solanum armentalis J.L.Gentry & D'Arcy
- Solanum armourense A.R.Bean
- Solanum artense Montr
- Solanum arundo Mattei
- Solanum ashbyae Symon
- Solanum asperolanatum Ruiz & Pav.
- Solanum asperrimum Bitter
- Solanum aspersum S.Knapp
- Solanum asperum Rich.
- Solanum asterophorum Mart.
- Solanum asteropilodes Bitter
- Solanum asymmetriphyllum Specht
- Solanum athenae Symon
- Solanum athroanthum Dunal
- Solanum atitlanum Roe
- Solanum atropurpureum Schrank
- Solanum aturense Humb. & Bonpl. ex Dunal
- Solanum augustii Ochoa
- Solanum aureitomentosum Bitter
- Solanum aureum Humb. & Bonpl. ex Dunal
- Solanum austrocaledonicum Seem.
- Solanum austropiceum A.R.Bean
- Solanum aviculare G.Forst.
- Solanum axillifolium K.E.Roe
- Solanum ayacuchense Ochoa
- Solanum bahamense L.
- Solanum bahianum S.Knapp
- Solanum banzicum A.R.Bean
- Solanum barbeyanum Huber
- Solanum barbisetum Nees
- Solanum barbulatum Zahlbr.
- Solanum baretiae Tepe
- Solanum basendopogon Bitter
- Solanum batoides D'Arcy & Rakot.
- Solanum bauerianum Endl.
- Solanum beaugleholei Symon
- Solanum bellum S.Knapp
- Solanum berthaultii Hawkes
- Solanum betaceum Cav.
- Solanum betroka D'Arcy & Rakot.
- Solanum bicolor Willd.
- Solanum bicorne Dunal
- Solanum bistellatum L.B.Sm. & Downs
- Solanum × blanco-galdosii Ochoa
- Solanum boldoense Dunal & A.DC.
- Solanum bolivianum Britton ex Rusby
- Solanum boliviense Dunal
- Solanum bombycinum Ochoa
- Solanum bonariense L.
- Solanum borgmannii Symon
- Solanum brachyantherum Phil.
- Solanum bradei Giacomin & Stehmann
- Solanum brevicaule Bitter
- Solanum brevifolium Humb. & Bonpl. ex Dunal
- Solanum brevipedicellatum K.E.Roe
- Solanum brownii Dunal
- Solanum buddlejifolium Sendtn.
- Solanum buesii Vargas
- Solanum bulbocastanum Dunal
- Solanum bullatum Vell.
- Solanum bumeliifolium Dunal
- Solanum burchellii Dunal
- Solanum burkartii Ochoa
- Solanum caatingae S.Knapp & Särkinen
- Solanum caavurana Vell.
- Solanum cacosmum Bohs
- Solanum caelicola Giacomin & Stehmann
- Solanum caesium Griseb.
- Solanum cajamarquense Ochoa
- Solanum cajanumense Kunth
- Solanum caldense Carvalho
- Solanum calidum Bohs
- Solanum calileguae Cabrera
- Solanum callianthum C.V.Morton
- Solanum callicarpoides Wall.
- Solanum callosum A.R.Bean
- Solanum campaniforme Willd.
- Solanum campanulatum R.Br.
- Solanum campanuliflorum C.H.Wright
- Solanum campechiense L.
- Solanum camptostylum Bitter
- Solanum campylacanthum Hochst. ex A.Rich.
- Solanum camranhense Dy Phon & Hul
- Solanum candelarianum Cárdenas
- Solanum candidum Lindl.
- Solanum candolleanum Berthault
- Solanum canense Rydb.
- Solanum cantense Ochoa
- Solanum capense L.
- Solanum capillipes Britton
- Solanum capitaneum A.R.Bean
- Solanum capsiciforme (Domin & sine ref.) Baylis
- Solanum capsicoides All.
- Solanum carautae Carvalho
- Solanum cardiophyllum Lindl.
- Solanum carduiforme F.Muell.
- Solanum caricaefolium Rusby
- Solanum caripense Humb. & Bonpl. ex Dunal
- Solanum carolinense L.
- Solanum cassioides L.B.Sm. & Downs
- Solanum castaneum Carvalho
- Solanum cataphractum A.Cunn. ex Benth.
- Solanum catilliflorum G.J.Anderson, Martine, Prohens & Nuez
- Solanum catombelense Peyr.
- Solanum caumii (F.Br.) D.H.R.McClell.
- Solanum celatum A.R.Bean
- Solanum celsum Standl. & C.V.Morton
- Solanum centrale J.M.Black
- Solanum cerasiferum Dunal
- Solanum cernuum Vell.
- Solanum chachapoyasense Bitter
- Solanum chacoense Bitter
- Solanum chalmersii S.Knapp
- Solanum chamaeacanthum Griseb.
- Solanum chamaepolybotryon Bitter
- Solanum cheesmaniae (L.Riley) Fosberg
- Solanum chenopodinum F.Muell.
- Solanum chenopodioides Lam.
- Solanum chiapasense K.E.Roe
- Solanum chilense (Dunal) Reiche
- Solanum chillagoense (Domin) A.R.Bean
- Solanum chilliasense Ochoa
- Solanum chimborazense Bitter & Sodiro
- Solanum chippendalei Symon
- Solanum chiquidenum Ochoa
- Solanum chlamydogynum Bitter
- Solanum chmielewskii (C.M.Rick, Kesicki, Fobes & M.Holle) D.M.Spooner, G.J.Anderson & R.K.Jansen
- Solanum chomatophilum Bitter
- Solanum chrysasteroides Werderm.
- Solanum chrysotrichum Schltdl.
- Solanum cinereum R.Br.
- Solanum cinnamomeum Sendtn.
- Solanum citrinum M.Nee
- Solanum citrullifolium A.Braun
- Solanum cladotrichum Dunal
- Solanum clandestinum Bohs
- Solanum clarkiae Symon
- Solanum clarum Correll
- Solanum clathratum Sendtn.
- Solanum cleistogamum Symon
- Solanum clivorum S.Knapp
- Solanum coactiliferum J.M.Black
- Solanum coagulans Forssk.
- Solanum coalitum S.Knapp
- Solanum cobanense J.L.Gentry
- Solanum cochabambense Bitter
- Solanum cochoae G.J.Anderson & Bernardello
- Solanum cocosoides A.R.Bean
- Solanum colombianum Dunal
- Solanum comarapanum M.Nee
- Solanum comitis Dunal
- Solanum commersonii Poir.
- Solanum complectens M.Nee & G.J.Anderson
- Solanum compressum L.B.Sm. & Downs
- Solanum comptum C.V.Morton
- Solanum concarense Hunz.
- Solanum concinnum Schott ex Sendtn.
- Solanum confertiseriatum Bitter
- Solanum confine Dunal
- Solanum confusum C.V.Morton
- Solanum conglobatum Dunal
- Solanum conicum Ruiz & Pav.
- Solanum conocarpum Dunal
- Solanum consimile C.V.Morton
- Solanum contumazaense Ochoa
- Solanum cookii Symon
- Solanum coquimbense J.R.Benn.
- Solanum coracinum Symon
- Solanum cordatum Forssk.
- Solanum cordicitum S.R.Stern
- Solanum cordifolium Dunal
- Solanum cordioides S.Knapp
- Solanum cordovense Sessé & Moc.
- Solanum coriaceum Dunal
- Solanum corifolium F.Muell.
- Solanum cormanthum Vell.
- Solanum corneliomulleri J.F.Macbr.
- Solanum cornifolium Humb. & Bonpl. ex Dunal
- Solanum corumbense S.Moore
- Solanum corymbiflorum (Sendtn.) Bohs
- Solanum corymbosum Jacq.
- Solanum costatum M.Nee
- Solanum cowiei Martine
- Solanum crassinervium Tepe
- Solanum crassitomentosum Domin
- Solanum crebrispinum A.R.Bean
- Solanum cremastanthemum Werderm.
- Solanum crinitipes Dunal
- Solanum crinitum Lam.
- Solanum crispum Ruiz & Pav.
- Solanum croatii D'Arcy & R.C.Keating
- Solanum crotonifolium Humb. & Bonpl. ex Dunal
- Solanum crotonoides Lam.
- Solanum cruciferum Bitter
- Solanum cucullatum S.Knapp
- Solanum cunninghamii Benth.
- Solanum curtilobum Juz. & Bukasov
- Solanum curvicuspe Domin
- Solanum cutervanum Zahlbr.
- Solanum cyaneopurpureum De Wild.
- Solanum cyanocarphium Blume
- Solanum cyathophorum M.Nee & Farruggia
- Solanum cyclophyllum S.Knapp
- Solanum cylindricum Vell.
- Solanum cymbalariifolium Chiov.
- Solanum dalibardiforme Bitter
- Solanum dallmannianum Warb.
- Solanum dammerianum Lauterb. & K.Schum.
- Solanum daphnophyllum Bitter
- Solanum darienense S.Knapp
- Solanum dasyanthum Brandegee
- Solanum dasyneuron S.Knapp
- Solanum dasyphyllum Schumach. & Thonn.
- Solanum davidsei Carvalho
- Solanum davisense Whalen
- Solanum decompositiflorum Sendtn.
- Solanum decorum Sendtn.
- Solanum defensum F.Muell.
- Solanum deflexicarpum C.Y.Wu & S.C.Huang
- Solanum deflexiflorum Bitter
- Solanum deflexum Greenm.
- Solanum delicatulum L.B.Sm. & Downs
- Solanum delitescens C.V.Morton
- Solanum demissum Lindl.
- Solanum dendroicum O.E.Schulz & Ekman ex O.C.Schmidt
- Solanum dennekense Dammer
- Solanum denseaculeatum Symon
- Solanum densepilosulum Bitter
- Solanum densevestitum F.Muell. ex Benth.
- Solanum depauperatum Dunal
- Solanum diamantinense Agra
- Solanum dianthophorum Dunal
- Solanum dianthum Rusby
- Solanum dichroandrum Dunal
- Solanum didymum Dunal
- Solanum dillonii S.Knapp
- Solanum dimidiatum Raf.
- Solanum dimorphandrum S.Knapp
- Solanum dimorphispinum C.T.White
- Solanum dioicum W.Fitzg.
- Solanum diphyllum L.
- Solanum diploconos (Mart.) Bohs
- Solanum discolor R.Br.
- Solanum dissectum Symon
- Solanum dissimile C.V.Morton
- Solanum distichophyllum Sendtn.
- Solanum ditrichum A.R.Bean
- Solanum diversiflorum F.Muell.
- Solanum diversifolium Humb. & Bonpl. ex Dunal
- Solanum doddsii Correll
- Solanum dolichocremastrum Bitter
- Solanum dolichorhachis Bitter
- Solanum dolichosepalum Bitter
- Solanum dolosum C.V.Morton ex S.Knapp
- Solanum donianum Walp.
- Solanum douglasii Dunal
- Solanum dryanderense A.R.Bean
- Solanum dulcamara L.
- Solanum dulcamaroides Poir.
- Solanum dumicola A.R.Bean
- Solanum dunalianum Gaudich.
- Solanum dysprosium A.R.Bean
- Solanum eardleyae Symon
- Solanum eburneum Symon
- Solanum echegarayi Hieron.
- Solanum echidniforme Dunal
- Solanum echinatum R.Br.
- Solanum edinense Berthault
- Solanum edmondstonii Hook.f.
- Solanum edmundoi Cuevas & N.M. Núnez
- Solanum ehrenbergii Rydb.
- Solanum eitenii Agra
- Solanum elachophyllum F.Muell.
- Solanum elaeagnifolium Cav.
- Solanum elatius A.R.Bean
- Solanum elegans Dunal
- Solanum ellipticum R.Br.
- Solanum elvasioides S.Knapp
- Solanum eminens A.R.Bean
- Solanum emmottii A.R.Bean
- Solanum enantiophyllanthum Bitter
- Solanum endoadenium Bitter
- Solanum endopogon (Bitter) Bohs
- Solanum ensifolium Dunal
- Solanum eremophilum F.Muell.
- Solanum erianthum D.Don
- Solanum erosomarginatum S.Knapp
- Solanum erythracanthum Bojer ex Dunal
- Solanum erythrotrichum Fernald
- Solanum esuriale Lindl.
- Solanum etuberosum Lindl.
- Solanum euacanthum Phil.
- Solanum evolvulifolium Greenm.
- Solanum evolvuloides Giacomin & Stehmann
- Solanum evonymoides Sendtn.
- Solanum exarmatum Anil, Maya, Soumya & K.Murugan
- Solanum exemptum A.R.Bean
- Solanum exiguum Bohs
- Solanum expedunculatum Symon
- Solanum falciforme Farruggia
- Solanum falconense S.Knapp
- Solanum fallax Bohs
- Solanum fecundum A.R.Bean
- Solanum felinum Bitter ex Whalen
- Solanum fernandesii V.Samp. & R.L.Moura
- Solanum fernandezianum Phil.
- Solanum ferocissimum Lindl.
- Solanum ferrugineum Jacq.
- Solanum fervens A.R.Bean
- Solanum fiebrigii Bitter
- Solanum filiforme Ruiz & Pav.
- Solanum filirhachis Giacomin & Stehmann
- Solanum flaccidum Vell.
- Solanum flagellare Sendtn.
- Solanum flahaultii Bitter
- Solanum flexicaule Benth.
- Solanum foetens Pittier ex S.Knapp
- Solanum forskaolii Dunal
- Solanum fortunense Bohs
- Solanum fosbergianum D'Arcy
- Solanum fragile Wedd.
- Solanum francisii A.R.Bean
- Solanum fraxinifolium Dunal
- Solanum friburgense Giacomin & Stehmann
- Solanum fulgens (J.F.Macbr.) K.E.Roe
- Solanum fulvidum Bitter
- Solanum furcatum Dunal
- Solanum furfuraceum R.Br.
- Solanum fusiforme L.B.Sm. & Downs
- Solanum gabrielae Domin
- Solanum galactites A.R.Bean
- Solanum galapagense S.C.Darwin & Peralta
- Solanum galbinum A.R.Bean
- Solanum gandarillasii Cárdenas
- Solanum garcia-barrigae Ochoa
- Solanum gardneri Sendtn.
- Solanum gertii S.Knapp
- Solanum gibbsiae J.R.Drumm.
- Solanum giganteum Jacq.
- Solanum gilesii Symon
- Solanum gilioides Rusby
- Solanum glabratum Dunal
- Solanum glandulosipilosum Bitter
- Solanum glaucescens Zucc.
- Solanum glaucophyllum Desf.
- Solanum glomuliflorum Sendtn.
- Solanum glutinosum Dunal
- Solanum gnaphalocarpum Vell.
- Solanum goetzei Dammer
- Solanum gomphodes Dunal
- Solanum goniocaulon S.Knapp
- Solanum gonocladum Dunal
- Solanum gonyrhachis S.Knapp
- Solanum goodspeedii K.E.Roe
- Solanum graciliflorum Dunal
- Solanum gracilifrons Bitter
- Solanum grandidentatum Phil.
- Solanum grandiflorum Ruiz & Pav.
- Solanum graniticola V.Samp. & Gouvêa
- Solanum graniticum A.R.Bean
- Solanum granulosoleprosum Dunal
- Solanum gratum Bitter
- Solanum graveolens Bunbury
- Solanum grayi Rose
- Solanum guamense Merr.
- Solanum guaraniticum A.St.-Hil.
- Solanum guerreroense Correll
- Solanum guineense L.
- Solanum gundlachii Urb.
- Solanum gympiense Symon
- Solanum habrocaulon S.Knapp
- Solanum habrochaites S.Knapp & D.M.Spooner
- Solanum hamulosum C.T.White
- Solanum hapalum A.R.Bean
- Solanum harmandii Bonati
- Solanum hasslerianum Chodat
- Solanum hastifolium Hochst. ex Dunal
- Solanum hastiforme Correll
- Solanum havanense Jacq.
- Solanum hayesii Fernald
- Solanum hazenii Britton
- Solanum heinianum D'Arcy & R.C.Keating
- Solanum heiseri G.J.Anderson
- Solanum heleonastes S.Knapp
- Solanum herba-bona Reiche
- Solanum herculeum Bohs
- Solanum hesperium Symon
- Solanum heterodoxum Dunal
- Solanum heteropodium Symon
- Solanum hexandrum Vell.
- Solanum hibernum Bohs
- Solanum hieronymi Kuntze
- Solanum hillebrandii H.St.John
- Solanum hindsianum Benth.
- Solanum hintonii Correll
- Solanum hirtellum (Spreng.) Hassl.
- Solanum hirtulum Steud. ex A.Rich.
- Solanum hirtum Vahl
- Solanum hjertingii Hawkes
- Solanum hoehnei C.V.Morton
- Solanum hoffmanseggii Sendtn.
- Solanum homalospermum Chiarini
- Solanum hoplopetalum Bitter & Summerh.
- Solanum horridum Dunal
- Solanum hougasii Correll
- Solanum houstonii Martyn
- Solanum hovei Dunal
- Solanum huancabambense Ochoa
- Solanum huayavillense Del Vitto & Peten.
- Solanum huaylasense Peralta
- Solanum hugonis Heine
- Solanum huilense Bohs
- Solanum humblotii Dammer
- Solanum humboldtianum Granados-Tochoy & S.Knapp
- Solanum humectophilum Ochoa
- Solanum humile Lam.
- Solanum hunzikeri Chiarini & Cantero
- Solanum hutchisonii (J.F.Macbr.) Bohs
- Solanum hydroides Gouvêa & Giacomin
- Solanum hypacrarthrum Bitter
- Solanum hypaleurotrichum Bitter
- Solanum hypermegethes Werderm.
- Solanum hypocalycosarcum Bitter
- Solanum hyporhodium A.Braun & C.D.Bouché
- Solanum hystrix R.Br.
- Solanum igniferum Gouvêa & Stehmann
- Solanum iltisii K.E.Roe
- Solanum imamense Dunal
- Solanum imbaburense S.Knapp
- Solanum imberbe Bitter
- Solanum immite Dunal
- Solanum inaequilaterale Merr.
- Solanum inaequilaterum Domin
- Solanum inaequiradians Werderm.
- Solanum inamoenum Benth.
- Solanum incanoalabastrum Symon
- Solanum incanum L.
- Solanum incarceratum Ruiz & Pav.
- Solanum incasicum Ochoa
- Solanum incompletum Dunal
- Solanum incomptum Bitter
- Solanum incurvum Ruiz & Pav.
- Solanum × indianense Heiser & J.Soria
- Solanum indivisum Witasek ex J.R.Benn.
- Solanum inelegans Rusby
- Solanum infundibuliforme Phil.
- Solanum infuscatum Symon
- Solanum innoxium A.R.Bean
- Solanum inodorum Vell.
- Solanum inornatum Witasek
- Solanum insanum L.
- Solanum insidiosum Mart.
- Solanum insulae-pinorum Heine
- Solanum interandinum Bitter
- Solanum interius Rydb.
- Solanum intermedium Sendtn.
- Solanum intonsum A.R.Bean
- Solanum invictum A.R.Bean
- Solanum involucratum Blume
- Solanum iodinum A.R.Bean
- Solanum iodotrichum Van Heurck & Müll.Arg.
- Solanum ionidium Bitter
- Solanum iopetalum (Bitter) Hawkes
- Solanum irregulare C.V.Morton
- Solanum isodynamum Sendtn.
- Solanum itatiaiae Dusén
- Solanum ivohibe D'Arcy & Rakot.
- Solanum jabrense Agra & M.Nee
- Solanum jamaicense Mill.
- Solanum jamesii Torr.
- Solanum jobsonii Martine, J.Cantley & L.M.Lacey
- Solanum johnsonianum A.R.Bean
- Solanum johnstonii Whalen
- Solanum jubae Bitter
- Solanum jucundum A.R.Bean
- Solanum juglandifolium Humb. & Bonpl. ex Dunal
- Solanum julocrotonoides Hassl.
- Solanum junctum S.R.Stern & M.Nee
- Solanum juninense Bitter
- Solanum jussiaei Dunal
- Solanum juvenale Thell.
- Solanum juzepczukii Bukasov
- Solanum karsense Symon
- Solanum kentrocaule A.R.Bean
- Solanum kioniotrichum Bitter ex J.F.Macbr.
- Solanum kleinii L.B.Sm. & Downs
- Solanum knappiae Agra & V.S.Samp.
- Solanum knoblochii (Whalen) S.R.Stern
- Solanum kollastrum Gouvêa & Giacomin
- Solanum kriegeri Giacomin & Stehmann
- Solanum kulliwaita S.Knapp
- Solanum kurtzianum Bitter & Wittm.
- Solanum labyrinthinum D.H.R.McClell.
- Solanum lacerdae Dusén
- Solanum lachnophyllum Symon
- Solanum laciniatum Aiton
- Solanum lacteum Vell.
- Solanum lacunarium F.Muell.
- Solanum lagoense Stehmann
- Solanum lamprocarpum Bitter
- Solanum lanceifolium Jacq.
- Solanum lanceolatum Cav.
- Solanum lantana Sendtn.
- Solanum lanzae J.-P.Lebrun & Stork
- Solanum lapidosum A.R.Bean
- Solanum lasiocarpum Dunal
- Solanum lasiocladum S.Knapp
- Solanum lasiophyllum Dunal
- Solanum lasiopodium Dunal
- Solanum latens A.R.Bean
- Solanum latiflorum Bohs
- Solanum laurifrons Bitter
- Solanum laxissimum Bitter
- Solanum laxum Spreng.
- Solanum leiophyllum Benth.
- Solanum leontopodium Sendtn.
- Solanum leopoldense Symon
- Solanum lepidotum Humb. & Bonpl. ex Dunal
- Solanum leptacanthum Merr. & L.M.Perry
- Solanum leptocaulon Van Heurck & Müll.Arg.
- Solanum leptopodum Van Heurck & Müll.Arg.
- Solanum leptorhachis Bitter
- Solanum leptostachys Dunal
- Solanum leratii Schltr.
- Solanum lesteri Hawkes & Hjerting
- Solanum leucandrum Whalen
- Solanum leucocarpon Dunal
- Solanum leucodendron Sendtn.
- Solanum leucopogon Huber
- Solanum levigatum Dunal
- Solanum lhotskyanum Dunal
- Solanum lianoides Elmer
- Solanum lichtensteinii Willd.
- Solanum lidii Sunding
- Solanum lignescens Fernald
- Solanum lignicaule Vargas
- Solanum limbaniense Ochoa
- Solanum limitare A.R.Bean
- Solanum limoncochaense Tepe
- Solanum lindenii Rusby
- Solanum linearifolium Geras. ex Symon
- Solanum linnaeanum Hepper & P.-M.L.Jaeger
- Solanum litoraneum A.E.Gonç.
- Solanum lobatum A.R.Bean
- Solanum lobbianum Bitter
- Solanum longevirgatum Bitter
- Solanum longiconicum Bitter
- Solanum longifilamentum Särkinen & P.Gonzáles
- Solanum loxophyllum Bitter
- Solanum lucani F.Muell.
- Solanum lucens S.Knapp
- Solanum luculentum C.V.Morton ex S.Knapp
- Solanum lumholtzianum Bartlett
- Solanum lumholtzianum B.L.Rob.
- Solanum luridifuscescens Bitter
- Solanum luteoalbum Pers.
- Solanum lycocarpum A.St.-Hil.
- Solanum lycopersicoides Dunal
- Solanum lycopersicum L.
- Solanum lyratum Thunb.
- Solanum lythrocarpum A.R.Bean
- Solanum macaonense Dunal
- Solanum macbridei Hunz. & Lallana
- Solanum macoorai F.M.Bailey
- Solanum macracanthum A.Rich.
- Solanum macrocarpon L.
- Solanum macrothyrsum Dammer
- Solanum macrotonum Bitter
- Solanum madagascariense Dunal
- Solanum maestrense Urb.
- Solanum maglia Schltdl.
- Solanum magnifolium F.Muell.
- Solanum mahoriense D'Arcy & Rakot.
- Solanum malacothrix S.Knapp
- Solanum malignum A.R.Bean
- Solanum malindiense Voronts.
- Solanum malletii S.Knapp
- Solanum malmeanum Bitter
- Solanum mammosum L.
- Solanum manabiense S.R.Stern
- Solanum mapiricum S.Knapp
- Solanum mapiriense Bitter
- Solanum maranguapense Bitter
- Solanum marantifolium Bitter
- Solanum marginatum L.f.
- Solanum mariae Särkinen & S.Knapp
- Solanum marmoratum Barboza & S.Knapp
- Solanum martii Sendtn.
- Solanum matadori L.B.Sm. & Downs
- Solanum maternum Bohs
- Solanum maturecalvans Bitter
- Solanum mauense Bitter
- Solanum mauritianum Scop.
- Solanum medians Bitter
- Solanum medicagineum A.R.Bean
- Solanum medusae Gouvêa
- Solanum megalochiton Mart.
- Solanum megalonyx Sendtn.
- Solanum megaspermum Agra
- Solanum melanospermum F.Muell.
- Solanum melastomoides C.H.Wright
- Solanum melissarum Bohs
- Solanum mellobarretoi Agra & Stehmann
- Solanum melongena L.
- Solanum memaoyanum D.H.R.McClell.
- Solanum memphiticum J.F.Gmel.
- Solanum mentiens A.R.Bean
- Solanum metrobotryon Dunal
- Solanum michaelis Särkinen & S.Knapp
- Solanum michoacanum Rydb.
- Solanum microdontum Bitter
- Solanum microleprodes Bitter
- Solanum microphyllum Dunal
- Solanum milnei Seem.
- Solanum minutifoliolum Correll
- Solanum mirikense C.R.Mukhop.
- Solanum missimense Symon
- Solanum mitchellianum Domin
- Solanum mite Ruiz & Pav.
- Solanum mitlense Dunal
- Solanum mochiquense Ochoa
- Solanum moense Britton & P.Wilson
- Solanum monachophyllum Humb. & Bonpl. ex Dunal
- Solanum monadelphum Van Heurck & Müll.Arg.
- Solanum monanthemon S.Knapp
- Solanum monarchostemon S.Knapp
- Solanum montanum L.
- Solanum montigenum (C.V.Morton) Cabrera
- Solanum morellifolium Bohs
- Solanum morelliforme Bitter & Münch
- Solanum morii S.Knapp
- Solanum mortonii Hunz.
- Solanum moxosense M.Nee
- Solanum muenscheri Standl. & Steyerm.
- Solanum multifidum Lam.
- Solanum multiflorum Roth
- Solanum multiglochidiatum Domin
- Solanum multiinterruptum Bitter
- Solanum multispinum N.E.Br.
- Solanum multivenosum Symon
- Solanum muricatum Aiton
- Solanum murinum Sendtn.
- Solanum myoxotrichum Baker
- Solanum myriacanthum Dunal
- Solanum myrsinoides D'Arcy & Rakot.
- Solanum narcoticosmum Bitter
- Solanum naucinum S.Knapp
- Solanum nava Webb & Berthel.
- Solanum neei Chiarini & L.A.Mentz
- Solanum nelsonii Dunal
- Solanum nematopus Sendtn.
- Solanum nematorhachis S.Knapp
- Solanum nemophilum F.Muell.
- Solanum nemorense Dunal
- Solanum neoanglicum A.R.Bean
- Solanum neocardenasii Hawkes & Hjert.
- Solanum neorickii D.M.Spooner, G.J.Anderson & R.K.Jansen
- Solanum neorossii Hawkes & Hjert.
- Solanum neoweberbaueri Wittm.
- Solanum nienkui Merr. & Chun
- Solanum nigrescens M.Martens & Galeotti
- Solanum nigricans M.Martens & Galeotti
- Solanum nigriviolaceum Bitter
- Solanum nigrum L.
- Solanum nitidibaccatum Bitter
- Solanum nitidum Ruiz & Pav.
- Solanum nobile A.R.Bean
- Solanum nolense Symon
- Solanum novomexicanum (Bartlett) S.R.Stern
- Solanum nubicola Ochoa
- Solanum nudum Humb. & Bonpl. ex Dunal
- Solanum nummularium S.Moore
- Solanum nuricum M.Nee
- Solanum nutans Ruiz & Pav.
- Solanum obliquum Ruiz & Pav.
- Solanum oblongifolium Humb. & Bonpl. ex Dunal
- Solanum oblongum Ruiz & Pav.
- Solanum obovalifolium Pittier ex Benítez
- Solanum occultum Bohs
- Solanum ochranthum Humb. & Bonpl. ex Dunal
- Solanum ochrophyllum Van Heurck & Müll.Arg.
- Solanum octonum A.R.Bean
- Solanum odoriferum Vell.
- Solanum oedipus Symon
- Solanum okadae Hawkes & Hjert.
- Solanum oldfieldii F.Muell.
- Solanum oligacanthum F.Muell.
- Solanum oligandrum Symon
- Solanum oliveirae Carvalho
- Solanum olmosense Ochoa
- Solanum olympicum Hassl.
- Solanum ombrophilum Pittier ex S.Knapp
- Solanum oocarpum Sendtn.
- Solanum oomsis A.R.Bean
- Solanum opacum A.Braun & C.D.Bouché
- Solanum oppositifolium Ruiz & Pav.
- Solanum orbiculatum Dunal
- Solanum orbignianum Sendtn.
- Solanum orgadophilum A.R.Bean
- Solanum orthacanthum O.E.Schulz
- Solanum ortivum A.R.Bean
- Solanum ossicruentum Martine & J.Cantley
- Solanum osteocarpum A.R.Bean
- Solanum ovalifolium Humb. & Bonpl. ex Dunal
- Solanum ovum-fringillae (Dunal) Bohs
- Solanum oxapampense S.Knapp
- Solanum oxycarpum Schiede
- Solanum oxycoccoides Bitter
- Solanum oxyphyllum C.V.Morton
- Solanum pabstii L.B.Sm. & Downs
- Solanum pachimatium Dunal
- Solanum pachyandrum Bitter
- Solanum pachyneuroides Amshoff
- Solanum pachyneurum O.E.Schulz
- Solanum pacificum Tepe
- Solanum palinacanthum Dunal
- Solanum palitans C.V.Morton
- Solanum pallidifolium A.R.Bean
- Solanum pallidum Rusby
- Solanum palmillae Standl.
- Solanum paludosum Moric.
- Solanum palustre Poepp. ex Schltdl.
- Solanum pampaninii Chiov.
- Solanum pancheri Guillaumin
- Solanum paniculatum L.
- Solanum papaverifolium Symon
- Solanum paposanum Phil.
- Solanum papuanum Symon
- Solanum paraibanum Agra
- Solanum paralum Bohs
- Solanum paranense Dusén
- Solanum parvifolium R.Br.
- Solanum pastillum S.Knapp
- Solanum paucidens Bitter
- Solanum paucispinum Werderm.
- Solanum paucissectum Ochoa
- Solanum pectinatum Dunal
- Solanum pedemontanum M.Nee
- Solanum pedersenii Cabrera
- Solanum peekelii Bitter
- Solanum pelagicum Bohs
- Solanum pendulum Ruiz & Pav.
- Solanum pennellii Correll
- Solanum pentaphyllum Bitter
- Solanum pentlandii Dunal
- Solanum pereirae Carvalho
- Solanum perlongistylum G.J.Anderson, Martine, Prohens & Nuez
- Solanum pertenue Standl. & C.V.Morton
- Solanum peruvianum L.
- Solanum petilum A.R.Bean
- Solanum petraeum Symon
- Solanum petrophilum F.Muell.
- Solanum phaseoloides Pol.
- Solanum phlomoides A.Cunn. ex Benth.
- Solanum phoberum A.R.Bean
- Solanum phoxocarpum Voronts.
- Solanum physalidicalyx Bitter
- Solanum physalifolium Rusby
- Solanum piceum A.R.Bean
- Solanum pilcomayense Morong
- Solanum pillahuatense Vargas
- Solanum piluliferum Dunal
- Solanum pimpinellifolium L.
- Solanum pinetorum (L.B.Sm. & Downs) Bohs
- Solanum pinnatisectum Dunal
- Solanum pinnatum Cav.
- Solanum pisinnum A.R.Bean
- Solanum pittosporifolium Hemsl.
- Solanum piurae Bitter
- Solanum placitum C.V.Morton
- Solanum plastisexum Martine & McDonnell
- Solanum platacanthum Dunal
- Solanum platense Dieckmann
- Solanum platycypellon S.Knapp
- Solanum plicatile (S.Moore) Symon
- Solanum plowmanii S.Knapp
- Solanum plumense Fernald
- Solanum pluriflorum A.R.Bean
- Solanum pluviale Standl.
- Solanum poinsettiifolium Rusby
- Solanum polhillii Voronts.
- Solanum polyacanthos Lam.
- Solanum polyadenium Greenm.
- Solanum polygamum Vahl
- Solanum polyphyllum Phil.
- Solanum polytrichostylum Bitter
- Solanum polytrichum Moric.
- Solanum praetermissum Kerr ex Barnett
- Solanum premnifolium (Miers) Bohs
- Solanum prinophyllum Dunal
- Solanum probolospermum Bitter
- Solanum procumbens Lour.
- Solanum × procurrens A.C.Leslie
- Solanum prolatum A.R.Bean
- Solanum proteanthum Bohs
- Solanum pruinosum Dunal
- Solanum pseuderanthemoides Schltr.
- Solanum pseudoamericanum Särkinen, P.Gonzáles & S.Knapp
- Solanum pseudoauriculatum Chodat & Hassl.
- Solanum pseudocapsicum L.
- Solanum pseudodaphnopsis L.A.Mentz & Stehmann
- Solanum pseudogracile Heiser
- Solanum pseudolulo Heiser
- Solanum pseudopedunculatum D.H.R.McClell.
- Solanum pseudoquina A.St.-Hil.
- Solanum pseudospinosum C.H.Wright
- Solanum pseudosycophanta Farruggia
- Solanum psilophyllum Stehmann & Giacomin
- Solanum psychotrioides Humb. & Bonpl. ex Dunal
- Solanum pubescens Willd.
- Solanum pubigerum Dunal
- Solanum pugiunculiferum C.T.White
- Solanum pulverulentifolium K.E.Roe
- Solanum pumilum Dunal
- Solanum punctulatum Dunal
- Solanum pungetium R.Br.
- Solanum pusillum A.R.Bean
- Solanum putii Kerr ex Barnett
- Solanum pycnanthemum Mart.
- Solanum pycnotrichum A.R.Bean
- Solanum pygmaeum Cav.
- Solanum pyracanthos Lam.
- Solanum pyrifolium Lam.
- Solanum quadriloculatum F.Muell.
- Solanum quaesitum C.V.Morton
- Solanum quebradense S.Knapp
- Solanum quitoense Lam.
- Solanum radicans L.f.
- Solanum ramonense C.V.Morton & Standl.
- Solanum ramulosum Sendtn.
- Solanum raphanifolium Cárdenas & Hawkes
- Solanum raquialatum Ochoa
- Solanum ratale D.H.R.McClell.
- Solanum × rechei Hawkes & Hjerting
- Solanum reclusum A.R.Bean
- Solanum reductum C.V.Morton
- Solanum reflexiflorum Moric. ex Dunal
- Solanum refractifolium Sendtn.
- Solanum refractum Hook. & Arn.
- Solanum reineckii Briq.
- Solanum reitzii L.B.Sm. & Downs
- Solanum remyanum Phil.
- Solanum repandum G.Forst.
- Solanum reptans Bunbury
- Solanum restingae S.Knapp
- Solanum retroflexum Dunal
- Solanum retrorsum Elmer
- Solanum rhaphiotes A.R.Bean
- Solanum rhizomatum Särkinen & M.Nee
- Solanum rhomboideilanceolatum Ochoa
- Solanum rhytidoandrum Sendtn.
- Solanum richardii Dunal
- Solanum rigidum Lam.
- Solanum riojense Bitter
- Solanum riparium Pers.
- Solanum ripense Dunal
- Solanum rivicola Symon
- Solanum rixosum A.R.Bean
- Solanum robinsonii Bonati
- Solanum roblense Bitter
- Solanum robustifrons Bitter
- Solanum robustum H.Wendl.
- Solanum rojasianum (Standl. & Steyerm.) Bohs
- Solanum roseum Bohs
- Solanum rostratum Dunal
- Solanum rovirosanum Donn.Sm.
- Solanum rubetorum Dunal
- Solanum rubicaule S.R.Stern
- Solanum rubiginosum Vahl
- Solanum rude-pannum Dunal
- Solanum rufescens Sendtn.
- Solanum rufistellatum Steyerm.
- Solanum rugosum Dunal
- Solanum ruizii S.Knapp
- Solanum runsoriense C.H.Wright
- Solanum rupincola Sendtn.
- Solanum ruvu Voronts.
- Solanum sagittantherum Granados-Tochoy & C.I.Orozco
- Solanum sakhanii Hul
- Solanum salamancae Hunz. & Barboza
- Solanum salasianum Ochoa
- Solanum salicifolium Phil.
- Solanum sambiranense D'Arcy & Rakot.
- Solanum sambuciflorum Sendtn.
- Solanum sambucinum Rydb.
- Solanum sanchez-vegae S.Knapp
- Solanum sanctae-catharinae Dunal
- Solanum sanctae-marthae Bitter
- Solanum sandwicense Hook. & Arn.
- Solanum sanfurgoi Phil.
- Solanum santosii S.Knapp
- Solanum saponaceum Dunal
- Solanum sarrachoides Sendtn.
- Solanum saruwagedense Symon
- Solanum saturatum M.Nee
- Solanum savanillense Bitter
- Solanum savannarum Rib.-Silva & Proença
- Solanum scabrifolium Ochoa
- Solanum scabrum Mill.
- Solanum schefferi F.Muell.
- Solanum schenckii Bitter
- Solanum schimperianum Hochst.
- Solanum schizandrum Sendtn.
- Solanum schlechtendalianum Walp.
- Solanum schliebenii Werderm.
- Solanum schomburgkii Sendtn.
- Solanum schuchii Sendtn.
- Solanum schulzianum Urb.
- Solanum schumannianum Dammer
- Solanum schwackeanum L.B.Sm. & Downs
- Solanum sciadostylis (Sendtn.) Bohs
- Solanum scolophyllum A.R.Bean
- Solanum scuticum M.Nee
- Solanum seaforthianum Andrews
- Solanum sejunctum Brennan, Martine & Symon
- Solanum selachophyllum Bitter
- Solanum selleanum Urb. & Ekman
- Solanum sellowianum Sendtn.
- Solanum sellowii Dunal
- Solanum semiarmatum F.Muell.
- Solanum semisucculentum D.H.R.McClell.
- Solanum semotum M.Nee
- Solanum sendtnerianum Van Heurck & Müll.Arg.
- Solanum senticosum A.R.Bean
- Solanum septemlobum Bunge
- Solanum serpens A.R.Bean
- Solanum sessilantherum Gouvêa & Stehmann
- Solanum sessile Ruiz & Pav.
- Solanum sessiliflorum Dunal
- Solanum setaceum Dammer
- Solanum setigeroides (Whalen) S.R.Stern
- Solanum setosissimum Bitter ex L.A.Mentz & M.Nee
- Solanum shirleyanum Domin
- Solanum sibundoyense (Bohs) Bohs
- Solanum sieberi Van Heurck & Müll.Arg.
- Solanum silvestre A.R.Bean
- Solanum simile F.Muell.
- Solanum simplicissimum Ochoa
- Solanum sinuatiexcisum Bitter
- Solanum sinuatirecurvum Bitter
- Solanum sinuatorepandum K.Braun
- Solanum siphonobasis Bitter
- Solanum sisymbriifolium Lam.
- Solanum sitiens I.M.Johnst.
- Solanum skutchii Correll
- Solanum smithii S.Knapp
- Solanum sodiroi Bitter
- Solanum sodomaeodes Kuntze
- Solanum sogarandinum Ochoa
- Solanum solum J.F.Macbr.
- Solanum somalense Franch.
- Solanum sooretamum Carvalho
- Solanum sotobosquense Bohs
- Solanum sousae S.Knapp
- Solanum spirale Roxb.
- Solanum spissifolium Sendtn.
- Solanum splendens (Dunal) Bohs
- Solanum sporadotrichum F.Muell.
- Solanum stagnale Moric.
- Solanum stellatiglandulosum Bitter
- Solanum stellativelutinum Bitter
- Solanum stelligerum Sm.
- Solanum stenandrum Sendtn.
- Solanum stenophyllidium Bitter
- Solanum stenophyllum Humb. & Bonpl. ex Dunal
- Solanum stenopterum A.R.Bean
- Solanum steyermarkii Carvalho
- Solanum stipitatostellatum Dammer
- Solanum stipulaceum Willd.
- Solanum stipulatum Vell.
- Solanum stipuloideum Rusby
- Solanum stoloniferum Schltdl.
- Solanum storkii C.V.Morton & Standl.
- Solanum stramoniifolium Jacq.
- Solanum stuckertii Bitter
- Solanum stupefactum Symon
- Solanum sturtianum F.Muell.
- Solanum suaveolens Kunth & C.D.Bouché
- Solanum subinerme Jacq.
- Solanum sublentum Hiern
- Solanum subserratum Dunal
- Solanum subsylvestre L.B.Sm. & Downs
- Solanum subtusviolaceum Bitter
- Solanum subumbellatum Vell.
- Solanum subvelutinum Rydb.
- Solanum succosum A.R.Bean & Albr.
- Solanum sulphureum A.R.Bean
- Solanum sumacaspi S.Knapp
- Solanum superbum S.Knapp
- Solanum supinum Dunal
- Solanum swartzianum Roem. & Schult.
- Solanum sycocarpum Mart. & Sendtn.
- Solanum sycophanta Dunal
- Solanum symmetricum Rusby
- Solanum symonii H.Eichler
- Solanum tabanoense Correll
- Solanum tacanense Lundell
- Solanum taeniotrichum Correll
- Solanum taitense Vatke
- Solanum talarense Svenson
- Solanum tampicense Dunal
- Solanum tanysepalum S.Knapp
- Solanum tarderemotum Bitter
- Solanum tarnii Hawkes & Hjert.
- Solanum tectum Pers.
- Solanum tegore Aubl.
- Solanum tenuiflagellatum Bitter ex S.Knapp
- Solanum tenuihamatum Bitter
- Solanum tenuipes B.L.Rob.
- Solanum tenuisetosum (Bitter) Bohs
- Solanum tenuispinum Rusby
- Solanum tenuissimum Sendtn.
- Solanum tepuiense S.Knapp
- Solanum tergosericeum Ochoa
- Solanum terminale Forssk.
- Solanum ternatum Ruiz & Pav.
- Solanum terraneum Symon
- Solanum tetramerum Dunal
- Solanum tetrandrum R.Br.
- Solanum tetrathecum F.Muell.
- Solanum tetricum Dunal
- Solanum tettense Klotzsch
- Solanum thelopodium Sendtn.
- Solanum thomasiifolium Sendtn.
- Solanum thomsonii C.H.Wright
- Solanum thorelii Bonati
- Solanum tiinae Barboza & S.Knapp
- Solanum tobagense (Sandwith) Bohs
- Solanum toldense Mates. & Barboza
- Solanum toliaraea D'Arcy & Rakot.
- Solanum tomentosum L.
- Solanum torreanum A.E.Gonç.
- Solanum torricellense Bitter
- Solanum torvoideum Merr. & L.M.Perry
- Solanum torvum Sw.
- Solanum tovarii S.Knapp
- Solanum trachycarpum Bitter & Sodiro
- Solanum trachycyphum Bitter
- Solanum trachytrichium Bitter
- Solanum tribulosum S.Schauer
- Solanum trichopetiolatum D'Arcy & Rakot.
- Solanum trichostylum Merr. & L.M.Perry
- Solanum tricuspidatum Rich. ex Dunal
- Solanum trifidum Correll
- Solanum triflorum Nutt.
- Solanum trifolium Dunal
- Solanum trilobatum L.
- Solanum trinitense Ochoa
- Solanum trinominum J.R.Benn.
- Solanum tripartitum Dunal
- Solanum triplinervium C.V.Morton
- Solanum triquetrum Cav.
- Solanum trisectum Dunal
- Solanum triste Jacq.
- Solanum triunfense S.Knapp
- Solanum trizygum Bitter
- Solanum troyanum Urb.
- Solanum truncicola Bitter
- Solanum tuberosum L.
- Solanum tudununggae Symon
- Solanum tuerckheimii Greenm.
- Solanum tumulicola Symon
- Solanum tunariense Kuntze
- Solanum turgidum S.Knapp
- Solanum turneroides Chodat
- Solanum turraeifolium S.Moore
- Solanum tweedieanum Hook.
- Solanum uleanum Bitter
- Solanum ultimum A.R.Bean
- Solanum ultraspinosum A.R.Bean
- Solanum umalilaense Manoko
- Solanum umbellatum Mill.
- Solanum umbelliferum Eschsch.
- Solanum umbratile J.R.Johnst.
- Solanum umtuma Voronts. & S.Knapp
- Solanum uncinellum Lindl.
- Solanum unifoliatum S.Knapp
- Solanum unilobum (Rusby) Bohs
- Solanum unispinum A.R.Bean
- Solanum urens Bonhomme ex Dunal
- Solanum ursinum Rusby
- Solanum urticans Dunal
- Solanum urubambaense Agra
- Solanum usambarense Bitter & Dammer
- Solanum usaramense Dammer
- Solanum vacciniiflorum Standl. & L.O.Williams
- Solanum vaccinioides Schltr.
- Solanum vaillantii Dunal
- Solanum valdiviense Dunal
- Solanum valerianum C.V.Morton & Standl.
- Solanum validinervium Benítez & S.Knapp
- Solanum vallis-mexici Juz. ex Bukasov
- Solanum vanheurckii Müll.Arg.
- Solanum vansittartense C.A.Gardner
- Solanum vanuatuense D.H.R.McClell.
- Solanum variabile Mart.
- Solanum velardei Ochoa
- Solanum velleum Thunb.
- Solanum vellozianum Dunal
- Solanum velutinum Dunal
- Solanum velutissimum Rusby
- Solanum venosum Humb. & Bonpl. ex Dunal
- Solanum venturii Hawkes & Hjert.
- Solanum verecundum M.Nee
- Solanum vernei Bitter & Wittm.
- Solanum verrucosum Schltdl.
- Solanum versicolor A.R.Bean
- Solanum verticillatum S.Knapp & Stehmann
- Solanum vescum F.Muell.
- Solanum vespertilio Aiton
- Solanum vestissimum Dunal
- Solanum viarum Dunal
- Solanum vicinum A.R.Bean
- Solanum × viirsooi K.A.Okada & A.M.Clausen
- Solanum villosum Mill.
- Solanum violaceimarmoratum Bitter
- Solanum violaceum Ortega
- Solanum virginianum L.
- Solanum viride G.Forst. ex Biehler
- Solanum viridifolium Dunal
- Solanum viscosissimum Sendtn.
- Solanum volubile Sw.
- Solanum wacketii Witasek
- Solanum warmingii Hiern
- Solanum watneyi Martine & Frawley
- Solanum weddellii Phil.
- Solanum wendlandii Hook.f.
- Solanum whalenii M.Nee
- Solanum wightii Nees
- Solanum wilkinsii S.Moore
- Solanum wittei Robyns
- Solanum wittmackii Bitter
- Solanum woodburyi R.A.Howard
- Solanum woodii Särkinen & S.Knapp
- Solanum wrightii Benth.
- Solanum xanthophaeum Bitter
- Solanum yanamonense S.Knapp
- Solanum yirrkalense Symon
- Solanum youngii S.Knapp
- Solanum zahlbruckneri Bitter
- Solanum zanzibarense Vatke
- Solanum zoeae R.L.Barrett
- Solanum zuloagae Cabrera
- Solanum zumbense Bohs
- Amatula Medik.
- Androcera Nutt.
- Antimion Raf.
- Aquartia Jacq.
- Artorhiza Raf.
- Bassovia Aubl.
- Battata Hill
- Bosleria A.Nelson
- Ceranthera Raf.
- Cliocarpus Miers
- Codylis Raf.
- Cyathostyles Schott ex Meisn.
- Cyphomandra Mart. ex Sendtn.
- Diamonon Raf.
- Dimorphylia Cortés
- Dulcamara Hill
- Fontqueriella Rothm.
- Lycomela Heist. ex Fabr.
- Lycopersicon Mill.
- Melongena Mill.
- Normania Lowe
- Nycterium Vent.
- Pallavicinia De Not.
- Parmentiera Raf.
- Petagnia Raf.
- Pheliandra Werderm.
- Pionandra Miers
- Pseudocapsicum Medik.
- Psolanum Neck.
- Scubulon Raf.
- Solanastrum Heist. ex Fabr.
- Solanocharis Bitter
- Solanopsis Börner
- Triguera Cav.
- English
- Tomato
Solanum L. appears in other Kew resources:
Date | Reference | Identified As | Barcode | Type Status | Has image? |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Jan 1, 2017 | s.coll [s.n.], United Kingdom | K001171026 | Yes | ||
Jan 1, 2017 | Drake [44], Egypt | K001152217 | Yes | ||
Jan 1, 2017 | Casey, E.C. [1283], Cyprus | K001152202 | Yes | ||
Jan 1, 2017 | s.coll [s.n.], United Kingdom | K001171024 | Yes | ||
Jan 1, 2016 | Constance, L. [3396], USA | K001159932 | Yes | ||
Jan 1, 2013 | Nee, M.H. [34976], Brazil | K001058936 | Yes | ||
Oct 20, 2012 | Mendoza, M. [529], Bolivia | K000441037 | Yes | ||
Oct 20, 2012 | Mendoza, M. [449], Bolivia | K000441048 | Yes | ||
Oct 20, 2012 | Balls, E.K. [7113], Ecuador | K000788010 | Yes | ||
Oct 20, 2012 | Cárdenas, M. [5968], Bolivia | K000788009 | Yes | ||
Oct 20, 2012 | Eyerdam, W.J. [22152], Peru | K000788011 | Yes | ||
Oct 20, 2012 | Wood, J.R.I. [17690], Bolivia | K000658383 | Yes | ||
Oct 20, 2012 | Wood, J.R.I. [15876], Bolivia | K000658360 | Yes | ||
Oct 20, 2012 | Worth, C.R. [15704], Peru | K000788058 | Yes | ||
Oct 20, 2012 | Wood, J.R.I. [11974], Bolivia | K000658384 | Yes | ||
Jan 1, 2011 | s.coll. [s.n.], Brazil | K001058412 | Yes | ||
May 1, 2004 | Thomsen, K. [150], Costa Rica | K000096551 | Yes | ||
May 1, 2004 | Rahayu, M. [720] | K000096572 | Yes | ||
May 1, 2004 | Coveny, R.G. [12808], Australia | K000096576 | Yes | ||
May 1, 2004 | Anonymous [618], Jamaica | K000096570 | Yes | ||
May 1, 2004 | Estrada, A. [2276], Costa Rica | K000096549 | Yes | ||
May 1, 2004 | Thomsen, K. [150], Costa Rica | K000096552 | Yes | ||
May 1, 2004 | Matthew, K.M. [40038], India | K000096571 | Yes | ||
Dec 1, 2003 | Eden, M.J. [EM8], Brazil | K001058924 | Yes | ||
Apr 1, 1997 | Souza, V.C. [9002], Brazil | K001058351 | Yes | ||
Jan 1, 1997 | Eiten, G. [10802], Brazil | K001058931 | Yes | ||
Jul 21, 1976 | Lyonnet, E. [362], Mexico | K000064046 | Yes | ||
Jan 1, 1972 | Prance, G.T. [2397], Brazil | K001058338 | Yes | ||
Jan 1, 1972 | Prance, G.T. [12402], Brazil | K001058328 | Yes | ||
Jan 1, 1972 | Prance, G.T. [10054], Brazil | K001058901 | Yes | ||
Jan 1, 1968 | Irwin, H.S. [20935], Brazil | K001058935 | Yes | ||
Jul 2, 1905 | Luke, W.R.Q. [7970], Tanzania | K000441637 | Yes | ||
Chancellor, R.J. [124], Uganda | 11200.000 | No | |||
11206.000 | No | ||||
Drummond, R.B. [3552], Tanzania | 16345.000 | No | |||
Drummond, R.B. [3662], Tanzania | 16662.000 | No | |||
Drummond, R.B. [2421], Tanzania | 17719.000 | No | |||
Verdcourt, B. [2993], Kenya | 3459.000 | No | |||
Arnold, M.H.M. [F], South Africa | 35934.000 | No | |||
Cable, S. [3780], Cameroon | 61721.000 | No | |||
Cazalet, P. [7644], Ecuador | 6409.000 | No | |||
Cazalet, P. [7524], Ecuador | 7054.000 | No | |||
Cazalet, P. [7793], Ecuador | 7055.000 | No | |||
Philcox, D. [4385], Brazil | 7403.000 | No | |||
Ash [989], Ethiopia | 71990.000 | No | |||
Ash [1689], Ethiopia | 34291.000 | No | |||
Ash [1299], Ethiopia | 35662.000 | No | |||
Ash [1184], Ethiopia | 35480.000 | No | |||
Balls, E.K. [B.4671], Mexico | K000064042 | Yes | |||
Hahn, M. [9], Mexico | K000064044 | Yes | |||
Palmer, E. [74], Mexico | K000064047 | Yes | |||
Ollerton, J. [180], Guyana | 65082.000 | No | |||
Rico, L. [2021], Mexico | K000265997 | Yes | |||
s.coll. [Cat. no. s.n.], India | K001132486 | Yes | |||
Heyne, B. [Cat. no. s.n.], India | K001132487 | Yes | |||
s.coll. [Cat. no. s.n.], Vietnam | K001132467 | Yes | |||
s.coll. [Cat. no. s.n.] | K001132469 | Yes | |||
Akkul, M. [Cat. no. s.n.], Myanmar | K001132473 | Yes | |||
Burchell [3473], Brazil | K001058928 | Yes | |||
Lindeman, J.C. [2943], Brazil | K001058930 | Yes | |||
Edwards, P.J. [2580], Brazil | K001058933 | Yes | |||
Fraga, C.N. [2877], Brazil | K001058939 | Yes | |||
Glaziou, A. [8852], Brazil | K001058459 | Yes | |||
Martinelli, G. [7610], Brazil | K001058491 | Yes | |||
Mathews [1510] | K001058659 | Yes | |||
Rosa, N.A. [3934], Brazil | K001058895 | Yes | |||
Sucre, D. [6577], Brazil | K001058900 | Yes | |||
Schultes, R.E. [6541], Brazil | K001058902 | Yes | |||
Martius [s.n.], French Guiana | K001058903 | Yes | |||
Prance, G.T. [58675], Brazil | K001058907 | Yes | |||
Prance, G.T. [59094], Brazil | K001058911 | Yes | |||
Krukoff, B.A. [6319], Brazil | K001058916 | Yes | |||
Collenette, I.S. [9396], Saudi Arabia | K001152211 | Yes | |||
s.coll [s.n.], Yemen | K001152215 | Yes | |||
Faurie, P. [1172], Japan | K001152467 | Yes | |||
Oldham, R. [852], Japan | K001152469 | Yes | |||
Oldham, R. [336], Taiwan | K001152470 | Yes | |||
s.coll [79/41] | K001152471 | Yes | |||
s.coll [793] | K001152615 | Yes | |||
Herb Horsfield, T. [s.n.], Indonesia | K001153682 | Yes | |||
Sands, M.J.S. [2073], Papua New Guinea | K001153831 | Yes | |||
Dunlop, C.R. [2332], Australia | K001155113 | Yes | |||
Lambert, M.R.K. [622], Australia | K001155247 | Yes | |||
Pullen, R. [3964], Australia | K001155249 | Yes | |||
Stoward, F. [629], Australia | K001155250 | Yes | |||
Constable, E.F. [23728], Australia | K001155259 | Yes | |||
Lambert, M.R.K. [586], Australia | K001155267 | Yes | |||
s.coll [s.n.] | K001166732 | Yes | |||
Gillies [s.n.], Argentina | K001167686 | Yes | |||
Okada, K. [2879], Argentina | K001167935 | Yes | |||
Tweedie [836] | K001167939 | Yes | |||
s.coll [OCH1192214] | K001170994 | Yes | |||
Nee, M. [16069], USA | K001170999 | Yes | |||
Nee, M. [16073], USA | K001171001 | Yes | |||
Holt, P. [45], Peru | K001171009 | Yes | |||
Hawkes [SEM266] | K001171010 | Yes | |||
s.coll [s.n.] | K001171013 | Yes | |||
Rosa, N.A. [3865], Brazil | K000438526 | Yes | |||
Wood, J.R.I. [18979], Bolivia | K000449579 | Yes | |||
Wood, J.R.I. [14889], Bolivia | K000545845 | Yes | |||
Woolston, A.L. [826], Paraguay | K000788567 | Yes | |||
Corradi, R. [3004], Italy | K001151655 | Yes | |||
Oteke, J. [60], Kenya | K001157283 | Yes | |||
s.coll [33], Tanzania | K001157951 | Yes | |||
Irwin, H.S. [20769], Brazil | K001162415 | Yes | |||
Harley, R.M. [22991], Brazil | K001162418 | Yes | |||
Harley, R.M. [21254], Brazil | K001162419 | Yes | |||
Goudot [2] | K001163141 | Yes | |||
Dillon, M.O. [4064], Peru | K001164580 | Yes | |||
Hawkes, J.G. [2471], Peru | K001165498 | Yes | |||
Pipoly, J.J. [17047], Colombia | K001166618 | Yes | |||
Edwards, K.S. [676], Colombia | K001166628 | Yes | |||
Plowman, T.C. [4181], Colombia | K001166629 | Yes | |||
Bernardi, L. [6912], Venezuela | K001166637 | Yes | |||
Schunke Vigo, J. [6617], Peru | K001166645 | Yes | |||
Vásquez, R. [3752], Peru | K001166649 | Yes | |||
Plowman, T.C. [4929], Peru | K001166653 | Yes | |||
Knapp, S. [6448], Peru | K001166667 | Yes | |||
Wood, J.R.I. [12470], Bolivia | K001166672 | Yes | |||
Wood, J.R.I. [10103], Bolivia | K001166674 | Yes | |||
Thwaites [CP1901], Sri Lanka | K001152842 | Yes | |||
Grández, C. [251], Peru | K001166652 | Yes | |||
Po Khant, D.R. [1095], Myanmar | K001171021 | Yes | |||
Prance, G.T. [2893], Brazil | K000449577 | Yes | |||
Wood, J.R.I. [14889], Bolivia | K000545846 | Yes | |||
Harley, R.M. [21154], Brazil | K001162423 | Yes | |||
Burchell [1869], Brazil | K001058926 | Yes | |||
s.coll [s.n.] | K001160980 | Yes | |||
Harley, R.M. [27342], Brazil | K001058072 | Yes | |||
s.coll [2114], India | K001153138 | Yes | |||
Pearson, H.H.W. [3397], South Africa | K001159257 | Yes | |||
Tweedie [1256] | K001167932 | Yes | |||
Balls, E.K. [6927], Peru | K001166642 | Yes | |||
Silva, M. [2607], Brazil | K001058215 | Yes | |||
Knapp, S. [6802], Venezuela | K001164113 | Yes | |||
Steinbach, J. [9166], Bolivia | K001166675 | Yes | |||
Okada [7618A] | K001167933 | Yes | |||
Pensiero, J. [4256], Argentina | K001167938 | Yes | |||
Simmonds, N.W. [19-55], United Kingdom | K001170989 | Yes | |||
Hawkes, J.G. [1442], Mexico | K001160760 | Yes | |||
Glaziou, A. [8870], Brazil | K001058918 | Yes | |||
Wood, J.R.I. [26371], Bolivia | K001166673 | Yes | |||
Bentham [87], Australia | K001154666 | Yes | |||
s.coll [s.n.] | K001171015 | Yes | |||
s.coll [s.n.] | K001171005 | Yes | |||
Grández, C. [1208], Peru | K001166651 | Yes | |||
Harley, R.M. [22991], Brazil | K001162420 | Yes | |||
Zak, V. [1503], Ecuador | K001166638 | Yes | |||
Corradi, R. [3064], Italy | K001151656 | Yes | |||
Dusén, P. [15949], Brazil | K001058906 | Yes | |||
Maesen, L.J.G. van der [3235], India | K001153241 | Yes | |||
s.coll [s.n.], United Kingdom | K001170995 | Yes | |||
Herb. Gray, A. [s.n.] | K001159751 | Yes | |||
Sands, M.J.S. [7296], Indonesia | K001153833 | Yes | |||
s.coll [s.n.] | K001171016 | Yes | |||
Steinbach, J. [3282], Bolivia | K001165668 | Yes | |||
Tweedie [1234], Argentina | K000545914 | Yes | |||
Heller, T.M. [340], United Arab Emirates | K001151917 | Yes | |||
Child, A. [s.n.], United Kingdom | K001171028 | Yes | |||
Maesen, L.J.G. van der [4912], India | K001153240 | Yes | |||
André, E. [K692] | K000449574 | Yes | |||
Kenneally, K.F. [8308], Australia | K001155251 | Yes | |||
Furuse, M. [1962], Japan | K001152474 | Yes | |||
Lambert, M.R.K. [622], Australia | K001155246 | Yes | |||
Hubbard, C.E. [3813], Australia | K001155258 | Yes | |||
Moritz, J.W.K. [1702] | K001166633 | Yes | |||
Finlayson, G. [Cat. no. s.n.] | K001132480 | Yes | |||
Burchell [8543-A], Brazil | K001058446 | Yes | |||
Kalbreyer, W. [1049], Grenada | K001166620 | Yes | |||
Schultes, R.E. [7196], Colombia | K001171023 | Yes | |||
s.coll [s.n.], China | K001152614 | Yes | |||
Edwards, K.S. [637], Colombia | K001166627 | Yes | |||
Rodway, F.A. [644], Australia | K001154066 | Yes | |||
Lazarides, M. [5728], Australia | K001154733 | Yes | |||
Symon, D.E. [s.n.], Australia | K001168589 | Yes | |||
Forman, L.L. [237], Indonesia | K001153683 | Yes | |||
Wood, J.R.I. [19846], Bolivia | K000658321 | Yes | |||
Bay, C. [s.n.], Chile | K001166735 | Yes | |||
Burchell [9024], Brazil | K001058925 | Yes | |||
s.coll [s.n.] | K001171014 | Yes | |||
Whistler, A. [W5220], Cook Is. | K001170937 | Yes | |||
Yammann [57] | K001058394 | Yes | |||
Arbo, M.M. [7705], Brazil | K001058929 | Yes | |||
Lambert, M.R.K. [601], Australia | K001155266 | Yes | |||
Forman, L.L. [237], Indonesia | K001153684 | Yes | |||
Harley, R.M. [21984], Brazil | K001162421 | Yes | |||
Ferreira, A.R. [856] | K001058894 | Yes | |||
s.coll [s.n.] | K001151417 | Yes | |||
Ash, J.W. [318], Ethiopia | K001156064 | Yes | |||
Franc, I. [841], New Caledonia | K001155440 | Yes | |||
Harley, R.M. [21154], Brazil | K001162424 | Yes | |||
Carr, C.E. [14366], Papua New Guinea | K001153710 | Yes | |||
André [K1411] | K001166622 | Yes | |||
Neto, J.V. [28080], Brazil | K001058893 | Yes | |||
Pierotti, S.A. [4259], Argentina | K001167941 | Yes | |||
s.coll [s.n.], France | K001168346 | Yes | |||
Hutchison, P.C. [3548], Peru | K001166662 | Yes | |||
J.H.H. [7113], Australia | K001155264 | Yes | |||
Eiten, G. [6688], Brazil | K001058914 | Yes | |||
Krukoff, B.A. [6345], Brazil | K001058915 | Yes | |||
s.coll. [Cat. no. s.n.], Myanmar | K001132484 | Yes | |||
Duarte, A.P. [1758], Brazil | K001058552 | Yes | |||
Montes, J.E. [3438], Argentina | K001167931 | Yes | |||
s.coll. [Cat. no. s.n.], Myanmar | K001132483 | Yes | |||
s.coll. [Cat. no. s.n.] | K001132470 | Yes | |||
Montes, J.E. [2194], Argentina | K001167937 | Yes | |||
Simmonds, N.W. [19-55], United Kingdom | K001170990 | Yes | |||
Plowman, T. [12931], Brazil | K001058490 | Yes | |||
Arana, A. [20], Peru | K001166660 | Yes | |||
Heyne, B. [Cat. no. s.n.], India | K001132479 | Yes | |||
Lindeman, J.C. [4970], Brazil | K001058910 | Yes | |||
s.coll. [Cat. no. s.n.], Myanmar | K001132475 | Yes | |||
Pinto, L.R. [s.n.], Brazil | K001058897 | Yes | |||
s.coll [s.n.] | K001166731 | Yes | |||
Dale, I.R. [H128], Kenya | K001169834 | Yes | |||
s.coll [s.n.] | K001171012 | Yes | |||
Lescure [776], French Guiana | K001162409 | Yes | |||
Smith, D. [183], Brazil | K001058913 | Yes | |||
Loveridge, M.V. [644], Congo | K001156002 | Yes | |||
Cazalet, P.C.D. [5026], Ecuador | K001163531 | Yes | |||
Wood, J.R.I. [12470], Bolivia | K001166671 | Yes | |||
Ochoa, C. [14137], USA | K001169975 | Yes | |||
s.coll [H2866/65], United Kingdom | K001171019 | Yes | |||
Harley, R.M. [55830], Bahia | K001171646 | Yes | |||
Kairo, A. [292], Papua New Guinea | K001153835 | Yes | |||
Gillis, W.T. [10166], Costa Rica | K001160984 | Yes | |||
Aranza, A. [s.n.] | K001166646 | Yes | |||
s.coll. [Cat. no. s.n.] | K001132727 | Yes | |||
s.coll [57], Saudi Arabia | K001152212 | Yes | |||
s.coll. [Cat. no. s.n.], India | K001132485 | Yes | |||
Smith, A.C. [3400], Guyana | K001162410 | Yes | |||
Saunders, S.G.E. [465], Peru | K000658391 | Yes | |||
Miller, A.G. [3424], Yemen | K001152214 | Yes | |||
Lindeman, J.C. [6176], Suriname | K001162413 | Yes | |||
Eiten, G. [7887], Brazil | K001058923 | Yes | |||
Glaziou, A. [8197], Brazil | K001058579 | Yes | |||
Eden, M.J. [EM26], Brazil | K001058921 | Yes | |||
Mendoza, M. [835], Bolivia | K001166668 | Yes | |||
Ratter, J.A. [R7894], Brazil | K001058920 | Yes | |||
Duthie, J.F. [19969] | K001153238 | Yes | |||
s.coll [s.n.], Argentina | K001169831 | Yes | |||
Bean, A.R. [17255], Australia | K001155243 | Yes | |||
André, E. [3130] | K001166632 | Yes | |||
s.coll [40] | K001160979 | Yes | |||
Hinton, G.B. [15942], Mexico | K000064041 | No | |||
Herb. Terasaki, T. [s.n.], Japan | K001152464 | Yes | |||
Burchell [8493], Brazil | K001058445 | Yes | |||
Arbo, M.M. [7787], Brazil | K001058898 | Yes | |||
Simmonds, N.W. [19-55], United Kingdom | K001170988 | Yes | |||
Sandeman, C.A.W. [3402], Peru | K001166663 | Yes | |||
Plowman, T. [2795], Brazil | K001058922 | Yes | |||
s.coll [5092], Uruguay | K001167943 | Yes | |||
Knapp, S. [6560], Peru | K001166665 | Yes | |||
Lindeman, J.C. [6812], Suriname | K001162411 | Yes | |||
Knapp, S. [6762], Venezuela | K001166635 | Yes | |||
Knapp, S. [6315], Peru | K001166661 | Yes | |||
Sandeman, C.A.W. [3413], Peru | K001166657 | Yes | |||
Trott, A.C. [233], Saudi Arabia | K001152213 | Yes | |||
Corradi, R. [2911], Italy | K001151653 | Yes | |||
Harley, R.M. [54135], Brazil | K001058892 | Yes | |||
Cuezzo, A.R. [762], Argentina | K001167942 | Yes | |||
Wallich, N. [Cat. no. 9074], India | K001132181 | Yes | |||
Schunke Vigo, J. [14033], Peru | K001166658 | Yes | |||
s.coll [s.n.] | K001170991 | Yes | |||
Bally, P.R.O. [8306], Kenya | K001157809 | Yes | |||
Cruse, A. [210], Zambia | K001158723 | Yes | |||
Cogollo Pacheco, A.A. [7966], Colombia | K001166630 | Yes | |||
Armstrong [s.n.], Brazil | K001058941 | Yes | |||
Prance, G.T. [59008], Brazil | K001058896 | Yes | |||
Glaziou [11367], Brazil | K001058216 | Yes | |||
Glaziou, A. [18410], Brazil | K001058217 | Yes | |||
André [K634] | K001166623 | Yes | |||
Steyermark, J.A. [95333], Venezuela | K001166496 | Yes | |||
Knapp, S. [6536], Peru | K001166659 | Yes | |||
Fiaschi, P. [3553], Brazil | K001058940 | Yes | |||
Krukoff, B.A. [1456], Brazil | K001058919 | Yes | |||
s.coll [s.n.] | K001171002 | Yes | |||
Krukoff, B.A. [4892], Brazil | K001058413 | Yes | |||
Pierotti, S.A. [4257], Argentina | K001167940 | Yes | |||
Schunke Vigo, J. [5866], Peru | K001166664 | Yes | |||
Glaziou [21816a], Brazil | K001058264 | Yes | |||
Tweedie [s.n.], Argentina | K001166741 | Yes | |||
Lehmann, F.C. [4950], Ecuador | K001166639 | Yes | |||
Harley, R.M. [21984], Brazil | K001162425 | Yes | |||
s.coll. [Cat. no. s.n.], Myanmar | K001132482 | Yes | |||
s.coll. [Cat. no. s.n.], Tamil Nadu | K001132476 | Yes | |||
s.coll [115/35] | K001152472 | Yes | |||
Streimann, H. [HS618], Australia | K001154065 | Yes | |||
Ruiz, J. [1212], Peru | K001166648 | Yes | |||
Lambert, M.R.K. [440], Australia | K001155244 | Yes | |||
Evans, M.S. [3485], Australia | K001155261 | Yes | |||
Plowman, T.C. [11550], Peru | K001166647 | Yes | |||
Ash, J.W. [467], Ethiopia | K001156065 | Yes | |||
Lambert, M.R.K. [586], Australia | K001155268 | Yes | |||
Child, A. [s.n.], United Kingdom | K001171027 | Yes | |||
Savatier, P.A.L. [875], Japan | K001152465 | Yes | |||
Sakuragui, C.M. [15163], Brazil | K000545844 | Yes | |||
Tarn, R.T. [78pipi], Mexico | K001160981 | Yes | |||
Grández, C. [1208], Peru | K001166650 | Yes | |||
Darwin, C.R. [157] | K001166742 | Yes | |||
Lörzing [12947], Indonesia | K001153549 | Yes | |||
Edwards, K.S. [637], Colombia | K001166626 | Yes | |||
Balls, E.K. [B.4381], Mexico | K000064043 | Yes | |||
Goodman, C.M. [294], United Kingdom | K001151651 | Yes | |||
s.coll [s.n.] | K001168826 | Yes | |||
Preston, T.A. [798-12], Brazil | K000449578 | Yes | |||
Nee, M. [16069], USA | K001170998 | Yes | |||
Cuming, H. [266], Chile | K001166734 | Yes | |||
s.coll. [s.n.] | K001058129 | Yes | |||
Johnson, R.W. [2784], Australia | K001171003 | Yes | |||
Roxburgh, W. [Cat. no. s.n.] | K001132488 | Yes | |||
Vasconcellos, J. [20868], Brazil | K001058088 | Yes | |||
s.coll [s.n.], United Kingdom | K001171018 | Yes | |||
Corradi, R. [2924], Italy | K001151654 | Yes | |||
Johns, R.J. [9565], Indonesia | K000172378 | Yes | |||
Prance, G.T. [14392], Brazil | K001058909 | Yes | |||
Maas, P.J.M. [P 12713], Brazil | K001058912 | Yes | |||
s.coll. [Cat. no. s.n.] | K001132481 | Yes | |||
Thwaites [CP1901], Sri Lanka | K001152843 | Yes | |||
Hawkes [6722] | K001170993 | Yes | |||
s.coll. [Cat. no. s.n.] | K001132474 | Yes | |||
Cordillera, C. [266] | K001166740 | Yes | |||
Johnstone, R. [2728], Australia | K001155242 | Yes | |||
Tessmann, G. [6044], Brazil | K001058036 | Yes | |||
Cunningham, R.O. [s.n.] | K001166737 | Yes | |||
Herb. Lehmann [K226], Colombia | K001166625 | Yes | |||
Hepper, F.N. [2146], Cameroon | K000028576 | Yes | |||
Pirani, J.R. [2902], Brazil | K001058578 | Yes | |||
Atkins, S. [4709], Brazil | K001058937 | Yes | |||
Herb Felippone, F. [6166], Uruguay | K001167944 | Yes | |||
Faurie, P. [6720], Japan | K001152468 | Yes | |||
Hutchison, J. [3767], Zambia | K001158708 | Yes | |||
Saunders, S.G.E. [1289], Peru | K001166643 | Yes | |||
Steinbach, J. [14844], Bolivia | K001166669 | Yes | |||
s.coll [s.n.] | K001166738 | Yes | |||
Hahn, M. [s.n.] | K001160985 | Yes | |||
Okada [7618A], Argentina | K001167934 | Yes | |||
Forbes [s.n.] | K001158870 | Yes | |||
s.coll. [Cat. no. s.n.] | K001132478 | Yes | |||
Forrest, G. [9473] | K001152616 | Yes | |||
Blake, A.L. [33A], Argentina | K001167936 | Yes | |||
s.coll. [Cat. no. s.n.] | K001132477 | Yes | |||
Davies, S. [s.n.] | K001151652 | Yes | |||
Lambert, M.R.K. [601], Australia | K001155265 | Yes | |||
J.H.H. [7113], Australia | K001155263 | Yes | |||
Esteves, R. [15], Brazil | K001162414 | Yes | |||
Mexia, Y.E.J. [8245], Peru | K001166656 | Yes | |||
Herb. Terasaki, T. [s.n.], Japan | K001152466 | Yes | |||
Constable, E.F. [NSW 25622], Australia | K001154064 | Yes | |||
Verdcourt, B. [1146], Kenya | K001169833 | Yes | |||
Palmer, E.J. [7771], USA | K001159750 | Yes | |||
Ule, E. [7475], Brazil | K001058932 | Yes | |||
Harley, R.M. [27342], Brazil | K001058071 | Yes | |||
Barclay, A.S. [617], Colombia | K001171022 | Yes | |||
Lima, H.C. [2533], Brazil | K001058938 | Yes | |||
Vélez, I. [3233], Grenada | K001161020 | Yes | |||
Nee, M. [16082], USA | K001170997 | Yes | |||
Symon, D.E. [5232], Australia | K001155255 | Yes | |||
Albrecht, D.E. [12007], Australia | K001155262 | Yes | |||
Ruiz, J. [1580], Peru | K001166644 | Yes | |||
Ratter, J.A. [626], Brazil | K001058904 | Yes | |||
s.coll [s.n.], Japan | K001152463 | Yes | |||
Leonard, A. [5309], Congo | K001169829 | Yes | |||
França, F. [1187], Brazil | K001058891 | Yes | |||
s.coll. [Cat. no. s.n.], India | K001132471 | Yes | |||
Mueller, F. [s.n.], Australia | K001155257 | Yes | |||
Herb Blackburn, J. [s.n.] | K001167685 | Yes | |||
Milliken [47], Venezuela | K001166634 | Yes | |||
Bang, M. [2868], Bolivia | K001166670 | Yes | |||
Morawetz, W. [33-311075], Brazil | K001058905 | Yes | |||
Elwes, H.J. [s.n.] | K001166733 | Yes | |||
Knapp, S. [6314], Peru | K001166655 | Yes | |||
O'Ryan, K. [38], Australia | K001154063 | Yes | |||
Duthie, J.F. [s.n.], Pakistan | K001153239 | Yes | |||
Hawkes [6722] | K001170992 | Yes | |||
Paula, C.H.R. [720], Brazil | K001058927 | Yes | |||
Lambert, M.R.K. [535], Australia | K001155248 | Yes | |||
Schunke Vigo, J. [4325], Peru | K001166654 | Yes | |||
Furuse, M. [9548], Japan | K001152473 | Yes | |||
Knapp, S. [6527], Peru | K001166666 | Yes | |||
Symon, D.E. [35848], Australia | K001169515 | Yes | |||
Verdcourt, B. [1146], Kenya | K001169832 | Yes | |||
Wood, J.R.I. [19846], Bolivia | K000658320 | Yes | |||
André [K1413] | K001166621 | Yes | |||
Balls, E.K. [B4747], Mexico | K000064045 | Yes | |||
s.coll [s.n.], Chile | K001166739 | Yes | |||
s.coll [s.n.], United Kingdom | K001171006 | Yes | |||
s.coll [s.n.], United Kingdom | K001171017 | Yes | |||
Rios, P. [110], Costa Rica | K001160983 | Yes | |||
s.coll. [3882] | K001058889 | Yes | |||
s.coll [s.n.], United Kingdom | K001171025 | Yes | |||
Holland, F.W. [s.n.], Egypt | K001152218 | Yes | |||
Simaga, J.M. [713], Papua New Guinea | K001153834 | Yes | |||
Talbot, W.A. [s.n.] | K001169542 | Yes | |||
s.coll [s.n.], Chile | K001166736 | Yes | |||
s.coll [s.n.], USA | K001159846 | Yes | |||
s.coll. [Cat. no. s.n.], Myanmar | K001132472 | Yes | |||
Rabelo, B.V. [2906], Brazil | K001058917 | Yes | |||
Dunlop [2146], Australia | K001154706 | Yes | |||
White, C.T. [9478], Australia | K001155260 | Yes | |||
Mueller, F. [s.n.], Australia | K001155256 | Yes | |||
Harley, R.M. [21254], Brazil | K001162422 | Yes | |||
Hunte, G.R. le [s.n.], Papua New Guinea | K001153830 | Yes | |||
Verdcourt, B. [1146], Kenya | K001169830 | Yes | |||
s.coll [s.n.] | K001171020 | Yes | |||
Whibley, D.J.E. [306], Australia | K001154469 | Yes | |||
Lleras, E. [P17459], Brazil | K001058908 | Yes | |||
Collenette, I.S. [9378], Saudi Arabia | K001152210 | Yes | |||
Nee, M. [16083], USA | K001170996 | Yes | |||
Lester [9], USA | K001160978 | Yes | |||
Nee, M. [16093], USA | K001171000 | Yes | |||
Williams, R.G. [11844], Trinidad & Tobago | K000819158 | Yes | |||
Mathias, M.E. [5326], Peru | K001166641 | Yes | |||
Eiten, G. [7884], Brazil | K001058934 | Yes | |||
Klug, G. [1857], Colombia | K001166624 | Yes | |||
Magogo, F.C. [17], Kenya | K001169835 | Yes | |||
Pipoly, J.J. [16923], Colombia | K001166631 | Yes | |||
Ganev, W. [2852], Brazil | K001058899 | Yes | |||
s.coll [s.n.] | K001171004 | Yes | |||
Haught, O.L. [2859], Colombia | K001166619 | Yes | |||
Sands, M.J.S. [2073], Papua New Guinea | K001153832 | Yes | |||
s.coll [s.n.], United Kingdom | K001171007 | Yes | |||
s.coll [s.n.] | K001171011 | Yes | |||
Hepper, F.N. [1981], Cameroon | K000028575 | Yes | |||
Armstrong [s.n.], Brazil | K001058890 | Yes | |||
Knapp, S. [6577], Peru | K001166640 | Yes | |||
s.coll. [Cat. no. s.n.], Meghalaya | K001132489 | Yes | |||
Lambert, M.R.K. [476], Australia | K001155245 | Yes | |||
s.coll [6686], Suriname | K001162412 | Yes | |||
Fendler, A. [1009], Venezuela | K001166636 | Yes | |||
Finlayson, G. [Cat. no. s.n.], Thailand | K001132468 | Yes | |||
Herb Morrison, A. [14229], Australia | K001154667 | Yes |
First published in Sp. Pl.: 184 (1753)
Accepted by
- PBI Solanum Project (2014-continuously updated). Solanaceae Source: a global taxonomic resource for the nightshade family http://www.solanaceaesource.org/.
- Särkinen, T. & al. (2018). A revision of the Old World black nightshades (Morelloid clade of Solanum L., Solanaceae). PhytoKeys 106: 1-223.
Literature
Flora of West Tropical Africa
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Flora Zambesiaca
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- Solanum L., Sp. Pl.: 184 (1753)
- Sp. Pl.: 184 (1753)
Flora of Somalia
- Flora Somalia, Vol 3, (2006) Author: by J. Edmonds, I. Friis and M. Thulin [updated by M. Thulin 2008]
- Jaeger & Hepper, A review of the genus Solanum in Africa. In D´Arcy (ed.), Solanaceae. Biology and Systematics: 41–55 (1986).
Flora of Tropical East Africa
- Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 60(3): 680–760 (1973);
- Beheifte 16: 3–320 (1923)
- DC., Prodr. 13(1): 27–387 (1852);
- DC., Prodr. 13(1):27 (1852);
- Dunal, Hist. Solanum: 1–248 (1813)
- E. & P. Pf.: 21–25 (1895);
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- E.J. & 57: 248–286 (1921);
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- Sp. Pl. 1: 184 (1753)
- Synopsis: 5 (1816)
-
Art and Illustrations in Digifolia
Digital Image © Board of Trustees, RBG Kew
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Flora Zambesiaca
Flora Zambesiaca
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Flora of Somalia
Flora of Somalia
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Flora of Tropical East Africa
Flora of Tropical East Africa
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Flora of West Tropical Africa
Flora of West Tropical Africa
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Herbarium Catalogue Specimens
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Kew Backbone Distributions
The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families 2022. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/
© Copyright 2017 World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0
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Kew Living Collection Database
Common Names from Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew Living Collection https://www.kew.org/
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Kew Names and Taxonomic Backbone
The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families 2022. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/
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Kew Science Photographs
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Neotropikey
Milliken, W., Klitgard, B. and Baracat, A. (2009 onwards), Neotropikey - Interactive key and information resources for flowering plants of the Neotropics.
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