- Family:
- Plantaginaceae Juss.
Plantago L.

[FIQ]
Ghazanfar, S. A. & Edmondson, J. R (Eds). (2014) Flora of Iraq, Volume 5 Part 2: Lythraceae to Campanulaceae.
- Morphology General Habit
- Herbs, annual or perennial with ± woody base and herbaceous shoots, usually with rosulate foliage
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences
- Inflorescence a spike on a scape or peduncle
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers
- Flowers all bisexual, sessile and bracteate
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Calyx
- Sepals 4, imbricate, in some species the two anterior sepals connate
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Corolla
- Corolla 4-lobed
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Androecium Stamens
- Stamens usually 4
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Gynoecium Ovary
- Ovary (in Iraq plants) usually 2-locular; ovules 1-many in each locule
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits
- Fruit (in Iraq plants) a capsule dehiscing by a transverse circular slit, or in some species a nutlet.
- Distribution
- About 200 species, cosmopolitan in distribution. Several species are polymorphic showing great variations in their vegetative features which has led to the recognition of many infraspecific taxa.
- Note
- Plantago comes from the Latin “planta”, a footprint.
[FZ]
Plantaginaceae, G. Lehmann. Flora Zambesiaca 9:1. 1988
- Morphology General Habit
- Annual or perennial, terrestrial, caulescent or mostly acaulescent herbs.
- Morphology Leaves
- Leaves usually in radical rosettes or opposite or alternate on branched stems, various in shape, usually entire.
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences
- Inflorescence a pedunculate, cylindrical spike or head, with inconspicuous flowers, each subtended by a bract.
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers
- Flowers almost always hermaphrodite, 4-merous.
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Calyx
- Calyx about as long as the corolla tube.
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Corolla
- Corolla 4-lobed, somewhat scarious; tube campanulate-tubular or urceolate; lobes lanceolate or ovate, shorter than the tube, usually with membranous margins or deflexed.
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Androecium Stamens
- Stamens 4, inserted in the corolla tube, alternating with the corolla lobes, exserted; filaments slender.
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Disc
- Disk rare.
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Gynoecium Pistil
- Ovary globose or nearly so, bilocular, ovules 1-many in each locule; style usually much exserted and villous, more rarely included; stigma simple.
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits
- Fruit a membranous capsule, circumscissile.
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Seeds
- Seeds 1-many in each locule, usually more or less boat-shaped with ventral hilum, mucilaginous when wet; albumen fleshy; embryo straight or curved; radicle inferior.
[FTEA]
Plantaginaceae, B. Verdcourt. Flora of Tropical East Africa. 1971
- Morphology General Habit
- Annual or perennial, terrestrial, caulescent or mostly acaulescent herbs or suffruticose herbs
- Morphology Leaves
- Leaves usually all radical but sometimes, in the species with developed stems, cauline
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers
- Flowers nearly always hermaphrodite, 4-merous, in heads or cylindrical spikes
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Androecium Stamens
- Stamens inserted in the corolla-tube
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Gynoecium Ovary
- Ovary 2-4-locular; ovules 1-many in each locule
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits
- Capsule circumscissile
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Seeds
- Seeds 1-many in each locule, usually ± boat-shaped with ventral hilum; albumen fleshy; embryo straight or curved; radicle inferior.
Native to:
Afghanistan, Alabama, Alaska, Albania, Alberta, Aleutian Is., Algeria, Altay, Amsterdam-St.Paul Is, Amur, Antipodean Is., Argentina Northeast, Argentina Northwest, Argentina South, Arizona, Arkansas, Assam, Austria, Azores, Bahamas, Baleares, Baltic States, Bangladesh, Belarus, Belgium, Bolivia, Brazil South, Brazil Southeast, Brazil West-Central, British Columbia, Bulgaria, Burundi, Buryatiya, California, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canary Is., Cape Provinces, Cape Verde, Central European Rus, Chad, Chatham Is., Chile Central, Chile North, Chile South, China North-Central, China South-Central, China Southeast, Chita, Colombia, Colorado, Connecticut, Corse, Costa Rica, Cyprus, Czechoslovakia, Delaware, Denmark, Desventurados Is., District of Columbia, Djibouti, East Aegean Is., East European Russia, East Himalaya, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Falkland Is., Finland, Florida, France, Free State, Føroyar, Galápagos, Georgia, Germany, Great Britain, Greece, Greenland, Guatemala, Gulf of Guinea Is., Gulf States, Hainan, Hawaii, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, Idaho, Illinois, India, Indiana, Inner Mongolia, Iowa, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Irkutsk, Italy, Japan, Jawa, Juan Fernández Is., Kamchatka, Kansas, Kazakhstan, Kentucky, Kenya, Khabarovsk, Kirgizstan, Korea, Krasnoyarsk, Kriti, Krym, Kuril Is., Kuwait, KwaZulu-Natal, Labrador, Laos, Lebanon-Syria, Lesotho, Lesser Sunda Is., Libya, Louisiana, Madagascar, Madeira, Magadan, Maine, Malawi, Malaya, Mali, Manchuria, Manitoba, Maryland, Massachusetts, Mauritania, Mexican Pacific Is., Mexico Central, Mexico Gulf, Mexico Northeast, Mexico Northwest, Mexico Southeast, Mexico Southwest, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Mongolia, Montana, Morocco, Myanmar, Namibia, Nansei-shoto, Nebraska, Nepal, Netherlands, Nevada, New Brunswick, New Guinea, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, New South Wales, New York, New Zealand North, New Zealand South, Newfoundland, Nicaragua, Niger, Norfolk Is., North Carolina, North Caucasus, North Dakota, North European Russi, Northern Provinces, Northern Territory, Northwest European R, Northwest Territorie, Norway, Nova Scotia, Nunavut, Ogasawara-shoto, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oman, Ontario, Oregon, Pakistan, Palestine, Panamá, Paraguay, Pennsylvania, Peru, Poland, Portugal, Primorye, Prince Edward I., Qinghai, Queensland, Québec, Rhode I., Romania, Rwanda, Sakhalin, Sardegna, Saskatchewan, Saudi Arabia, Selvagens, Sicilia, Sinai, Socotra, Somalia, South Australia, South Carolina, South Dakota, South European Russi, Spain, Sri Lanka, St.Helena, Sudan, Sweden, Switzerland, Tadzhikistan, Taiwan, Tanzania, Tasmania, Tennessee, Texas, Thailand, Tibet, Tonga, Transcaucasus, Tubuai Is., Tunisia, Turkey, Turkey-in-Europe, Turkmenistan, Tuva, Uganda, Ukraine, Uruguay, Utah, Uzbekistan, Venezuela, Vermont, Victoria, Vietnam, Virginia, Washington, West Himalaya, West Siberia, West Virginia, Western Australia, Western Sahara, Wisconsin, Wyoming, Xinjiang, Yakutskiya, Yemen, Yugoslavia, Yukon, Zaïre, Zimbabwe
Introduced into:
Angola, Ascension, Belize, Bermuda, Botswana, Brazil North, Brazil Northeast, Chagos Archipelago, Christmas I., Cook Is., Crozet Is., Cuba, Dominican Republic, Easter Is., Fiji, French Guiana, Gabon, Guyana, Haiti, Jamaica, Kerguelen, Leeward Is., Marion-Prince Edward, Marshall Is., Mauritius, New Caledonia, Niue, Pitcairn Is., Puerto Rico, Samoa, Seychelles, Society Is., Southwest Caribbean, Suriname, Trinidad-Tobago, Tristan da Cunha, Tuamotu, Venezuelan Antilles, Windward Is., Zambia
- Plantago afra L.
- Plantago africana Verdc.
- Plantago akkensis Coss. & Murb.
- Plantago albicans L.
- Plantago algarbiensis Samp.
- Plantago alismatifolia Pilg.
- Plantago alopecurus Decne.
- Plantago alpestris B.G.Briggs, Carolin & Pulley
- Plantago alpina L.
- Plantago altissima L.
- Plantago amplexicaulis Cav.
- Plantago anatolica Tutel & R.R.Mill
- Plantago annua Ryding
- Plantago antarctica Decne.
- Plantago arachnoidea Schrenk ex Fisch. & C.A.Mey.
- Plantago arborescens (Mirb.) Poir.
- Plantago argentea Chaix
- Plantago argentina Pilg.
- Plantago argyrea E.Morris
- Plantago × argyrostachys Borbás
- Plantago aristata Michx.
- Plantago asiatica L.
- Plantago asperrima Gand. ex Hervier
- Plantago asphodeloides Svent.
- Plantago atlantica Batt.
- Plantago atrata Hoppe
- Plantago aucklandica Hook.f.
- Plantago aundensis P.Royen
- Plantago australis Lam.
- Plantago baltistanica H.Hartmann
- Plantago barbata G.Forst.
- Plantago bellardii All.
- Plantago bellidioides Decne.
- Plantago benisnassenii Romo, Stübing & Peris
- Plantago berroi Pilg.
- Plantago bismarckii Niederl.
- Plantago bradei Pilg.
- Plantago brasiliensis Sims
- Plantago brownii F.Dietr.
- Plantago buchtienii Pilg.
- Plantago cafra Decne.
- Plantago camtschatica Link
- Plantago canescens Adams
- Plantago caricina Decne.
- Plantago carnosa Lam.
- Plantago catharinea Decne.
- Plantago cavaleriei H.Lév.
- Plantago ciliata Desf.
- Plantago cladarophylla B.G.Briggs, Carolin & Pulley
- Plantago commersoniana Decne. & Barnéoud
- Plantago cordata Lam.
- Plantago cornuti Gouan
- Plantago coronopus L.
- Plantago corvensis Hassemer
- Plantago crassifolia Forssk.
- Plantago cretica L.
- Plantago crypsoides Boiss.
- Plantago cunninghamii Decne.
- Plantago cylindrica Forssk.
- Plantago cyrenaica E.A.Durand & Barratte
- Plantago dardanae Rexhepi & D.Dimitrov
- Plantago debilis R.Br.
- Plantago densa (Pilg.) Rahn
- Plantago depauperata Merr. & L.M.Perry
- Plantago depressa Willd.
- Plantago dielsiana Pilg.
- Plantago drummondii Decne.
- Plantago elongata Pursh
- Plantago erecta E.Morris
- Plantago eriopoda Torr.
- Plantago euana Hürl.
- Plantago euphratica Decne. ex Barnéoud
- Plantago euryphylla B.G.Briggs, Carolin & Pulley
- Plantago evacina Boiss.
- Plantago exigua Murray
- Plantago exilis Decne.
- Plantago famarae Svent.
- Plantago fengdouensis (Z.E.Chao & Yong Wang) Yong Wang & Z.Yu Li
- Plantago fernandezia Bertero ex Barnéoud
- Plantago firma Kunze ex Walp.
- Plantago fischeri Engl.
- Plantago floccosa Decne.
- Plantago galapagensis Rahn
- Plantago gaudichaudii Barnéoud
- Plantago gentianoides Sm.
- Plantago glabrata Hook.f.
- Plantago glacialis B.G.Briggs, Carolin & Pulley
- Plantago goudotiana Decne.
- Plantago grandiflora Meyen
- Plantago griffithii Decne.
- Plantago guilleminiana Decne.
- Plantago gunnii Hook.f.
- Plantago hasskarlii Decne.
- Plantago hatschbachiana Hassemer
- Plantago hawaiensis (A.Gray) Pilg.
- Plantago hedleyi Maiden
- Plantago helleri Small
- Plantago heterophylla Nutt.
- Plantago himalaica Pilg.
- Plantago hispida R.Br.
- Plantago hispidula Ruiz & Pav.
- Plantago hookeriana Fisch. & C.A.Mey.
- Plantago humboldtiana Hassemer
- Plantago incisa Hassk.
- Plantago indica L.
- Plantago johnstonii Pilg.
- Plantago jujuyensis Rahn
- Plantago jurtzevii (Tzvelev) Tzvelev
- Plantago komarovii Pavlov
- Plantago krascheninnikovii Serg.
- Plantago lachnantha Bunge
- Plantago lagocephala Bunge
- Plantago lagopus L.
- Plantago lamprophylla Pilg.
- Plantago lanceolata L.
- Plantago lanigera Hook.f.
- Plantago laxiflora Decne.
- Plantago leucophylla Decne.
- Plantago libyca Bég. & A.Vacc.
- Plantago limensis Pers.
- Plantago linearis Kunth
- Plantago litorea Phil.
- Plantago loeflingii L.
- Plantago longissima Decne.
- Plantago lundborgii Sparre
- Plantago macrocarpa Cham. & Schltdl.
- Plantago maireana Hassemer
- Plantago major L.
- Plantago malato-belizii Lawalrée
- Plantago maris-mortui Eig
- Plantago maritima L.
- Plantago mauritanica Boiss. & Reut.
- Plantago maxima Juss. ex Jacq.
- Plantago media L.
- Plantago minuta Pall.
- Plantago × mixta Domin
- Plantago mohnikei Miq.
- Plantago monanthos d'Urv.
- Plantago monosperma Pourr.
- Plantago monticola Decne.
- Plantago montisdicksonii P.Royen
- Plantago moorei Rahn
- Plantago muelleri Pilg.
- Plantago multiscapa B.G.Briggs
- Plantago myosuros Lam.
- Plantago napiformis (Rahn) Hassemer
- Plantago nebularis Hassemer
- Plantago nivalis Boiss.
- Plantago nivea Kunth
- Plantago notata Lag.
- Plantago novae-zelandiae L.B.Moore
- Plantago nubicola (Decne.) Rahn
- Plantago obconica Sykes
- Plantago orbignyana Steinh. ex Decne.
- Plantago orzuiensis Mohsenz., Nazeri & Mirtadz.
- Plantago ovata Forssk.
- Plantago pachyneura Steud.
- Plantago pachyphylla A.Gray
- Plantago palmata Hook.f.
- Plantago palustris L.R.Fraser & Vickery
- Plantago papuana P.Royen
- Plantago paradoxa Hook.f.
- Plantago patagonica Jacq.
- Plantago peloritana Lojac.
- Plantago penantha Griseb.
- Plantago pentasperma Hemsl.
- Plantago perssonii Pilg.
- Plantago phaeostoma Boiss. & Heldr.
- Plantago picta Colenso
- Plantago pilgeriana Hassemer
- Plantago podlechii Akhani
- Plantago polita Craven
- Plantago polysperma Kar. & Kir.
- Plantago popovii Tzvelev
- Plantago pretoana (Rahn) Hassemer
- Plantago princeps Cham. & Schltdl.
- Plantago psammophila Agnew & Chal.-Kabi
- Plantago pusilla Nutt.
- Plantago pyrophila Villarroel & J.R.I.Wood
- Plantago rahniana Hassemer & R.Trevis.
- Plantago rancaguae Steud.
- Plantago raoulii Decne.
- Plantago rapensis F.Br.
- Plantago remota Lam.
- Plantago reniformis Beck
- Plantago rhizoxylon Emb.
- Plantago rhodosperma Decne.
- Plantago rigida Kunth
- Plantago robusta Roxb.
- Plantago rugelii Decne.
- Plantago rupicola Pilg.
- Plantago sabulosa Danin & Raus
- Plantago salsa Pall.
- Plantago schwarzenbergiana Schur
- Plantago sempervirens Crantz
- Plantago sempervivoides Dusén
- Plantago sericea Ruiz & Pav.
- Plantago serraria L.
- Plantago sharifii Rech.f. & Esfand.
- Plantago sinaica (Barnéoud) Decne.
- Plantago sparsiflora Michx.
- Plantago spathulata Hook.f.
- Plantago squarrosa Murray
- Plantago stauntonii Reichardt
- Plantago stenophylla Merr. & L.M.Perry
- Plantago stocksii Boiss. ex Decne.
- Plantago stricta Schousb.
- Plantago strictissima L.
- Plantago subnuda Pilg.
- Plantago subspathulata Pilg.
- Plantago subulata L.
- Plantago tacnensis Pilg.
- Plantago tanalensis Baker
- Plantago tandilensis (Pilg.) Rahn
- Plantago tasmanica Hook.f.
- Plantago tatarica Decne.
- Plantago tehuelcha Speg.
- Plantago tenuiflora Waldst. & Kit.
- Plantago tenuipala (Rahn) Rahn
- Plantago tolucensis Pilg.
- Plantago tomentosa Lam.
- Plantago triandra Berggr.
- Plantago trichophora Merr. & L.M.Perry
- Plantago trinitatis Rahn
- Plantago truncata Cham. & Schltdl.
- Plantago tubulosa Decne.
- Plantago tunetana Murb.
- Plantago turficola Rahn
- Plantago turrifera B.G.Briggs, Carolin & Pulley
- Plantago tweedyi A.Gray
- Plantago udicola Meudt & Garn.-Jones
- Plantago unibracteata Rahn
- Plantago urvillei Opiz
- Plantago varia R.Br.
- Plantago veadeirensis Hassemer
- Plantago ventanensis Pilg.
- Plantago venturii Pilg.
- Plantago virginica L.
- Plantago webbii Barnéoud
- Plantago weddelliana Decne.
- Plantago weldenii Rchb.
- Plantago wrightiana Decne.
- Plantago zoellneriana Hassemer
Plantago L. appears in other Kew resources:
Date | Reference | Identified As | Barcode | Type Status | Has image? |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Longhi-Wagner, H.M. [6017], Brazil | K001048632 | Yes | |||
Gardner [5138], Brazil | K001048622 | Yes | |||
Gardner [216], Brazil | K001048624 | Yes | |||
Burchell [3241], Brazil | K001048623 | Yes | |||
Rico, L. [1909], Morocco | K000564905 | No |
First published in Sp. Pl.: 112 (1753)
Accepted by
- Tutin, T.G. & al. (eds.) (1976). Flora Europaea 4: 1-505. Cambridge University Press.
Literature
Flora of Iraq
- Linnaeus, Gen. Pl. ed. 5: 52 (1754)
Flora of West Tropical Africa
- —F.T.A. 5: 504.
Flora Zambesiaca
- Sp. Pl.: 112 (1753)
- in Gen. Pl., ed. 5: 52 (1754).
Flora of Tropical East Africa
- L., Gen. Pl., ed. 5: 52 (1754)
- Pilg. in E.P. IV. 269: 1-466 (1937)
- Sp. Pl.: 112 (1753)
-
Flora Zambesiaca
Flora Zambesiaca
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0
-
Flora of Iraq
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0
-
Flora of Tropical East Africa
Flora of Tropical East Africa
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0
-
Herbarium Catalogue Specimens
Digital Image © Board of Trustees, RBG Kew http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
-
Kew Backbone Distributions
The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families 2022. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/
© Copyright 2017 World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0
-
Kew Names and Taxonomic Backbone
The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families 2022. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/
© Copyright 2017 International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0