- Family:
- Smilacaceae Vent.
Smilax L.

[FTEA]
Smilacaceae, E.J. Cowley. Flora of Tropical East Africa. 1989
- Morphology General Habit
- Perennial, woody or herbaceous, branched climbers
- Morphology Branches
- Branchlets aculeate or not
- Morphology Leaves
- Leaves glabrous, often evergreen, usually alternate; blade rounded, lanceolate, elliptic, hastate or cordate to cordate-circular, with reticulate veining; petiole short, articulate above the sheath, usually with pair of stipular tendrils
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences
- Inflorescence compound or simple, long or short; umbels axillary and/or terminal, 1-many
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers
- Flowers small, usually yellowish green, sometimes fragrant Male flowers with usually 6 stamens; filaments free, hypogynous or inserted on the base of the slightly longer tepals, erect or erecto-patent, short or long; anthers basifixed Female flowers with 3-6 staminodes; ovary ovoid; ovules 1 per locule, axile, pendulous, orthotropous
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Perianth
- Perianth-segments free to base, caducous during or after anthesis, subequal, inner ones usually narrower than outer ones
- sex Male
- Male flowers with usually 6 stamens; filaments free, hypogynous or inserted on the base of the slightly longer tepals, erect or erecto-patent, short or long; anthers basifixed
- sex Female
- Female flowers with 3-6 staminodes; ovary ovoid; ovules 1 per locule, axile, pendulous, orthotropous
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits
- Berry ± globose, black, red, violet or purple when ripe
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Seeds
- Seeds with small oblong embryo enclosed in hard endosperm.
Doubtfully present in:
Inner Mongolia
Native to:
Afghanistan, Alabama, Albania, Algeria, Andaman Is., Angola, Argentina Northeast, Argentina Northwest, Arkansas, Assam, Azores, Bahamas, Baleares, Bangladesh, Belize, Benin, Bermuda, Bismarck Archipelago, Bolivia, Borneo, Brazil North, Brazil Northeast, Brazil South, Brazil Southeast, Brazil West-Central, Bulgaria, Burkina, Burundi, California, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canary Is., Cape Provinces, Caroline Is., Cayman Is., Central African Repu, Chad, China North-Central, China South-Central, China Southeast, Colombia, Colorado, Comoros, Congo, Connecticut, Corse, Costa Rica, Cuba, Cyprus, Delaware, District of Columbia, Dominican Republic, East Aegean Is., East Himalaya, Ecuador, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Fiji, Florida, France, French Guiana, Gabon, Gambia, Georgia, Ghana, Greece, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Gulf of Guinea Is., Guyana, Hainan, Haiti, Hawaii, Honduras, Illinois, India, Indiana, Iowa, Iran, Italy, Ivory Coast, Jamaica, Japan, Jawa, Kansas, Kentucky, Kenya, Korea, Kriti, KwaZulu-Natal, Laos, Lebanon-Syria, Leeward Is., Lesser Sunda Is., Liberia, Libya, Louisiana, Madagascar, Madeira, Maine, Malawi, Malaya, Mali, Maluku, Manchuria, Manitoba, Maryland, Massachusetts, Mauritius, Mexico Central, Mexico Gulf, Mexico Northeast, Mexico Northwest, Mexico Southeast, Mexico Southwest, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Morocco, Mozambique, Myanmar, Nansei-shoto, Nebraska, Nepal, New Brunswick, New Caledonia, New Guinea, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New South Wales, New York, Nicaragua, Nicobar Is., Nigeria, Norfolk Is., North Carolina, North Caucasus, North Dakota, Northern Provinces, Northern Territory, Nova Scotia, Ogasawara-shoto, Ohio, Oklahoma, Ontario, Oregon, Pakistan, Palestine, Panamá, Paraguay, Pennsylvania, Peru, Philippines, Portugal, Primorye, Puerto Rico, Queensland, Québec, Rhode I., Rwanda, Réunion, Sardegna, Saskatchewan, Senegal, Sicilia, Sierra Leone, Solomon Is., South Carolina, South Dakota, Southwest Caribbean, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Sulawesi, Sumatera, Suriname, Swaziland, Taiwan, Tanzania, Tennessee, Texas, Thailand, Tibet, Togo, Tonga, Transcaucasus, Trinidad-Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkey-in-Europe, Turks-Caicos Is., Uganda, Uruguay, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Venezuelan Antilles, Vermont, Victoria, Vietnam, Virginia, West Himalaya, West Virginia, Western Australia, Windward Is., Wisconsin, Wyoming, Yugoslavia, Zambia, Zaïre, Zimbabwe
Introduced into:
Romania
- Smilax aberrans Gagnep.
- Smilax aculeatissima Conran
- Smilax amamiana Z.S.Sun & P.Li
- Smilax amblyobasis K.Krause
- Smilax ampla Warb. ex K.Krause
- Smilax anceps Willd.
- Smilax anguina K.Krause
- Smilax annulata Warb. ex K.Krause
- Smilax aquifolium Ferrufino & Greuter
- Smilax arisanensis Hayata
- Smilax aristolochiifolia Mill.
- Smilax aspera L.
- Smilax aspericaulis Wall. ex A.DC.
- Smilax assumptionis A.DC.
- Smilax astrosperma F.T.Wang & Tang
- Smilax auriculata Walter
- Smilax australis R.Br.
- Smilax austrozhejiangensis Q.Lin
- Smilax azorica H.Schaef. & P.Schönfelder
- Smilax bapouensis H.Li
- Smilax basilata F.T.Wang & Tang
- Smilax bauhinioides Kunth
- Smilax bella J.F.Macbr.
- Smilax biflora Siebold ex Miq.
- Smilax biltmoreana (Small) J.B.Norton ex Pennell
- Smilax binchuanensis P.Li & C.X.Fu
- Smilax biumbellata T.Koyama
- Smilax blumei A.DC.
- Smilax bockii Warb.
- Smilax bona-nox L.
- Smilax borneensis A.DC.
- Smilax bracteata C.Presl
- Smilax brasiliensis Spreng.
- Smilax californica (A.DC.) A.Gray
- Smilax calophylla Wall. ex A.DC.
- Smilax cambodiana Gagnep.
- Smilax campestris Griseb.
- Smilax canariensis Willd.
- Smilax canellifolia Mill.
- Smilax celebica Blume
- Smilax chapaensis Gagnep.
- Smilax china L.
- Smilax chinensis (F.T.Wang) P.Li & C.X.Fu
- Smilax chingii F.T.Wang & Tang
- Smilax cinnamomea Desf. ex A.DC.
- Smilax cissoides M.Martens & Galeotti
- Smilax cocculoides Warb.
- Smilax cognata Kunth
- Smilax compta (Killip & C.V.Morton) Ferrufino
- Smilax corbularia Kunth
- Smilax cordato-ovata Rich.
- Smilax cordifolia Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.
- Smilax coriacea Spreng.
- Smilax cristalensis Ferrufino & Greuter
- Smilax cuprea Ferrufino & Greuter
- Smilax cuspidata Duhamel
- Smilax darrisii H.Lév.
- Smilax davidiana A.DC.
- Smilax densibarbata F.T.Wang & Tang
- Smilax discotis Warb.
- Smilax domingensis Willd.
- Smilax ecirrhata (Engelm. ex Kunth) S.Watson
- Smilax elastica Griseb.
- Smilax elegans Wall. ex Kunth
- Smilax elegantissima Gagnep.
- Smilax elmeri Merr.
- Smilax elongatoumbellata Hayata
- Smilax emeiensis J.M.Xu
- Smilax erecta Merr.
- Smilax excelsa L.
- Smilax extensa Wall. ex Hook.f.
- Smilax ferox Wall. ex Kunth
- Smilax flavicaulis Rusby
- Smilax fluminensis Steud.
- Smilax fooningensis F.T.Wang & Tang
- Smilax fortunensis Ferrufino & Gómez-Laur.
- Smilax fui Z.C.Qi & P.Li
- Smilax gagnepainii T.Koyama
- Smilax gaudichaudiana Kunth
- Smilax gigantea Merr.
- Smilax gigantocarpa Koord.
- Smilax glabra Roxb.
- Smilax glauca Walter
- Smilax glaucochina Warb.
- Smilax glyciphylla J.White
- Smilax goyazana A.DC.
- Smilax gracilior Ferrufino & Greuter
- Smilax griffithii A.DC.
- Smilax guianensis Vitman
- Smilax guiyangensis C.X.Fu & C.D.Shen
- Smilax havanensis Jacq.
- Smilax hayatae T.Koyama
- Smilax hemsleyana Craib
- Smilax herbacea L.
- Smilax hilariana A.DC.
- Smilax hirtellicaulis C.Y.Wu & C.Chen ex P.Li
- Smilax horridiramula Hayata
- Smilax hugeri (Small) J.B.Norton ex Pennell
- Smilax hypoglauca Benth.
- Smilax ilicifolia Desv.
- Smilax illinoensis Mangaly
- Smilax indosinica T.Koyama
- Smilax inversa T.Koyama
- Smilax irrorata Mart. ex Griseb.
- Smilax jamesii G.A.Wallace
- Smilax japicanga Griseb.
- Smilax javensis A.DC.
- Smilax kaniensis K.Krause
- Smilax keyensis Warb. ex K.Krause
- Smilax kingii Hook.f.
- Smilax klotzschii Kunth
- Smilax korthalsii A.DC.
- Smilax kwangsiensis F.T.Wang & Tang
- Smilax laevis Wall. ex A.DC.
- Smilax lanceifolia Roxb.
- Smilax lappacea Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.
- Smilax larvata Griseb.
- Smilax lasioneura Hook.
- Smilax laurifolia L.
- Smilax lebrunii H.Lév.
- Smilax leucophylla Blume
- Smilax ligneoriparia C.X.Fu & P.Li
- Smilax ligustrifolia A.DC.
- Smilax loheri Merr.
- Smilax longiflora (K.Y.Guan & Noltie) P.Li & C.X.Fu
- Smilax longifolia Rich.
- Smilax lucida Merr.
- Smilax luei T.Koyama
- Smilax lunglingensis F.T.Wang & Tang
- Smilax lushuiensis S.C.Chen
- Smilax lutescens Vell.
- Smilax luzonensis C.Presl
- Smilax macrocarpa Blume
- Smilax magnifolia J.F.Macbr.
- Smilax mairei H.Lév.
- Smilax malipoensis S.C.Chen
- Smilax maritima Feay ex Alph.Wood
- Smilax maypurensis Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.
- Smilax megacarpa A.DC.
- Smilax megalantha C.H.Wright
- Smilax melanocarpa Ridl.
- Smilax melastomifolia Sm.
- Smilax menispermoidea A.DC.
- Smilax micrandra (T.Koyama) P.Li & C.X.Fu
- Smilax micrantha Blume
- Smilax microdontus Z.S.Sun & C.X.Fu
- Smilax microphylla C.H.Wright
- Smilax minarum A.DC.
- Smilax minutiflora A.DC.
- Smilax modesta A.DC.
- Smilax mollis Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.
- Smilax moranensis M.Martens & Galeotti
- Smilax munita S.C.Chen
- Smilax muscosa Toledo
- Smilax myosotiflora A.DC.
- Smilax myrtillus A.DC.
- Smilax nageliana A.DC.
- Smilax nana F.T.Wang
- Smilax nantoensis T.Koyama
- Smilax neocaledonica Schltr.
- Smilax neocyclophylla I.M.Turner
- Smilax nervomarginata Hayata
- Smilax nigrescens F.T.Wang & Tang
- Smilax nipponica Miq.
- Smilax nova-guineensis T.Koyama
- Smilax obliquata Duhamel
- Smilax oblongata Sw.
- Smilax oblongifolia Pohl ex Griseb.
- Smilax ocreata A.DC.
- Smilax odoratissima Blume
- Smilax officinalis Kunth
- Smilax orbiculata Labill.
- Smilax ornata Lem.
- Smilax orthoptera A.DC.
- Smilax outanscianensis Pamp.
- Smilax ovalifolia Roxb. ex D.Don
- Smilax ovatolanceolata T.Koyama
- Smilax pachysandroides T.Koyama
- Smilax paniculata (Gagnep.) P.Li & C.X.Fu
- Smilax papuana Lauterb.
- Smilax perfoliata Lour.
- Smilax pertenuis T.Koyama
- Smilax petelotii T.Koyama
- Smilax pilcomayensis Guagl. & Gattuso
- Smilax pilosa Andreata & Leoni
- Smilax pinfaensis H.Lév. & Vaniot
- Smilax plurifurcata A.DC.
- Smilax poilanei Gagnep.
- Smilax polyacantha Wall. ex Kunth
- Smilax polyandra (Gagnep.) P.Li & C.X.Fu
- Smilax polyantha Griseb.
- Smilax polycolea Warb.
- Smilax populnea Kunth
- Smilax pottingeri Prain
- Smilax prolifera Roxb.
- Smilax pseudochina L.
- Smilax pulverulenta Michx.
- Smilax pumila Walter
- Smilax purhampuy Ruiz
- Smilax purpurata G.Forst.
- Smilax pygmaea Merr.
- Smilax quadrata A.DC.
- Smilax quadrumbellata T.Koyama
- Smilax quinquenervia Vell.
- Smilax remotinervis Hand.-Mazz.
- Smilax retroflexa (F.T.Wang & Tang) S.C.Chen
- Smilax riparia A.DC.
- Smilax rotundifolia L.
- Smilax roxburghiana Wall. ex A.DC.
- Smilax rubromarginata K.Krause
- Smilax rufescens Griseb.
- Smilax sailenii Sarma, Baruah & Borthakur
- Smilax salicifolia Griseb.
- Smilax sanguinea Posada-Ar.
- Smilax santaremensis A.DC.
- Smilax saulensis J.D.Mitch.
- Smilax schomburgkiana Kunth
- Smilax scobinicaulis C.H.Wright
- Smilax sebeana Miq.
- Smilax seisuiensis (Hayata) P.Li & C.X.Fu
- Smilax septemnervia (F.T.Wang & Tang) P.Li & C.X.Fu
- Smilax setiramula F.T.Wang & Tang
- Smilax setosa Miq.
- Smilax sieboldii Miq.
- Smilax silverstonei Botina
- Smilax sinclairii T.Koyama
- Smilax siphilitica Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.
- Smilax solanifolia A.DC.
- Smilax spicata Vell.
- Smilax spinosa Mill.
- Smilax spissa Killip & C.V.Morton
- Smilax spruceana A.DC.
- Smilax stans Maxim.
- Smilax stenophylla A.DC.
- Smilax subinermis C.Presl
- Smilax subpubescens A.DC.
- Smilax subsessiliflora Duhamel
- Smilax sumatrensis (A.DC.) P.Li & C.X.Fu
- Smilax synandra Gagnep.
- Smilax talbotiana A.DC.
- Smilax tamnoides L.
- Smilax tetraptera Schltr.
- Smilax timorensis A.DC.
- Smilax tomentosa Kunth
- Smilax trachypoda J.B.Norton
- Smilax trinervula Miq.
- Smilax tsinchengshanensis F.T.Wang
- Smilax tuberculata C.Presl
- Smilax turbans F.T.Wang & Tang
- Smilax utilis C.H.Wright
- Smilax vaginata Decne.
- Smilax vanchingshanensis (F.T.Wang & Tang) F.T.Wang & Tang
- Smilax velutina Killip & C.V.Morton
- Smilax verrucosa Griseb.
- Smilax verticalis Gagnep.
- Smilax vitiensis (Seem.) A.DC.
- Smilax wallichii Kunth
- Smilax walteri Pursh
- Smilax wightii A.DC.
- Smilax williamsii Merr.
- Smilax yunnanensis S.C.Chen
- Smilax zeylanica L.
Smilax L. appears in other Kew resources:
Date | Reference | Identified As | Barcode | Type Status | Has image? |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Willis, F.R. [56], Indonesia | 71463.000 | No | |||
Harley, R.M. [22474], Brazil | 72762.000 | No | |||
Spruce, R. [s.n.], Ecuador | K000201313 | Yes | |||
Zappi, D.C. [454], Espírito Santo | K000828366 | Yes | |||
Figueiredo, L. [4], Pernambuco | K000828374 | Yes | |||
Gasson, P. [5939], Bahia | K000828360 | Yes | |||
Harley, R.M. [14191], Bahia | K000828376 | Yes | |||
Freire, E. [29], Pernambuco | K000828361 | Yes | |||
Harley, R. [5984], Bahia | K000828377 | Yes | |||
Mori, S.A. [14468], Bahia | K000828369 | Yes | |||
Ganev, W. [2383], Bahia | K000828358 | Yes | |||
Passos, L. [5770], Bahia | K000828375 | Yes | |||
Eiten, G. [10756], Maranhão | K000828365 | Yes | |||
Harley, R.M. [28437], Bahia | K000828370 | Yes | |||
Cordeiro, T. [826], Minas Gerais | K000828362 | Yes | |||
Krukoff, B.A. [8286], Amazonas | K000828364 | Yes | |||
Delprete, P.G. [8956], Goiás | K000828367 | Yes | |||
Harley, R.M. [54143], Pernambuco | K000828371 | Yes | |||
Stannard, B. [5631], Bahia | K000828372 | Yes | |||
Queiroz, L.P. [2097], Bahia | K000828368 | Yes | |||
Maas, P.J.M. [7045], Bahia | K000828363 | Yes | |||
Maciel, U.N. [540], Pará | K000828373 | Yes | |||
Stannard, B. [51156], Bahia | K000828359 | Yes |
First published in Sp. Pl.: 1028 (1753)
Accepted by
- Ferrufino-Acosta, L. (2010). Taxonomic revision of the genus Smilax (Smilacaceae) in Central America and the Caribbean islands Willdenowia 40: 227-280.
Literature
Flora of West Tropical Africa
- F.T.A. 7: 423.
- Sp. Pl. 1028 (1753)
Flora of Tropical East Africa
- Bak. in F.T.A. 7: 423 (1898)
- Hepper in F.W.T.A., ed. 2, 3: 111 (1968)
- L., Gen. Pl., ed. 5:455 (1754)
- Sp. Pl.: 1028 (1753)
-
Flora of Tropical East Africa
Flora of Tropical East Africa
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Herbarium Catalogue Specimens
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Kew Backbone Distributions
The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families 2022. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/
© Copyright 2017 World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0
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Kew Names and Taxonomic Backbone
The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families 2022. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/
© Copyright 2017 International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0
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Kew Science Photographs
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