- Family:
- Solanaceae Juss.
Datura L.

[FSOM]
M. Thulin et al. Flora of Somalia, Vol. 1-4 [updated 2008] https://plants.jstor.org/collection/FLOS
- Morphology General Habit
- Bushy annuals, glabrous or with indumentum of simple sometimes glandular hairs
- Morphology Leaves
- Leaves alternate, simple, entire or sinuate-dentate
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers
- Flowers solitary, axillary, erect
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Calyx
- Calyx tubular, shortly lobed, circumscissile near base after flowering and with the lower part persistent
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Corolla
- Corolla tubular or funnel-shaped, lobed
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Androecium Stamens
- Stamens inserted near base of corolla, included or exserted; anthers dehiscing longitudinally
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Gynoecium Ovary
- Ovary 2–4-celled, with numerous ovules; stigma 2-lobed
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits
- Fruit a capsule, dehiscing regularly by 4 valves or irregularly, prickly or unarmed
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Seeds
- Seeds flattened, minutely pitted.
- Distribution
- Some 14 species native in North and South America
[FTEA]
Solanaceae, Jennifer M Edmonds. Oliganthes, Melongena & Monodolichopus, Maria S. Vorontsova & Sandra Knapp. Flora of Tropical East Africa. 2012
- Morphology General Habit
- Annual or semiperennial herbs and shrubs, often malodorous.
- Morphology Stem
- Main stem often stout, woody and dichotomously branched, spherical stalked brownish glands present on all parts
- Morphology Leaves
- Leaves alternate or opposite
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers
- Flowers usually solitary and in branch forks, always erect, usually fragrant, opening diurnally and remaining open during anthesis, with prominent venation; pedicels short, elongating during fruiting
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Calyx
- Calyx tubular, usually enclosing the lower half of the corolla tube; calyx lobes five; base circumsessile, forming a ridged collar which often persistent
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Corolla
- Corolla tubular below becoming funnel- or trumpet-shaped above, sometimes double or triple; tube long and slender, the lobes fused almost to the apex, with 5 or 10 terminal acuminate to caudate lobes or teeth
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Androecium Stamens
- Stamens inserted on lower half of corolla tube and alternating with lobes, equal, included; filaments glabrous above, slender, filiform, widening towards point of adnation to corolla tube from where usually sparsely pilose; anthers oblong, basifixed, free, dehiscing longitudinally, often with long hairs on dehiscent margins
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Gynoecium Ovary
- Ovary superior, conical, softly spinose or tuberculate, bilocular above, but 4-loculate basally owing to a false septum, ovules numerous, placentation axile; style long, filiform, glabrous, sometimes exserted beyond anthers but included; stigma bilobed, clasping the stylar apex
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits
- Fruit ovoid or globose 2–4celled capsules, dehiscing irregularly or by 2 or 4 valves from the apex; valves usually spinose or tuberculate, rarely smooth, subtended by the persistent discoid remains of the calyx which adherent or reflexed, forming a frill or collar beneath capsule; fruiting pedicels elongated and stout, erect or pendulous
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Seeds
- Seeds large, reniform or discoid, with a thick (suberose) corky testa; funicular caruncle (elaiosome) welldeveloped, numerous.
- Note
- All Old World Daturas, collectively known as the Thorn Apples, were introduced from the Americas during the early years of intensive European colonization of the New World ( cf. Symon & Haegi, 1991 in Solanaceae III: 197; Persson et al., 1999). Three naturalised species are found throughout the East African region, where they are probably also widely cultivated for their hallucinogenic, medicinal and narcotic effects as well as for their ornamental value. They all contain the tropane alkaloids scopolamine and hyoscyamine, plus steroidal lactones of the withanoloid group ( cf. Hunziker, 2001 for extensive references).
[FZ]
Flora Zambesiaca. Vol. 8, Part 4. Solanaceae. Gonçalves AE. 2005
- Morphology General Habit
- Annual or short-lived perennial herbs or sometimes subshrubs or shrubs from a woody rootstock, often foetid, glabrous or pubescent to glabrescent; indumentum of erect to appressed, simple non-glandular to glandular trichomes, dense on immature foliage, pedicels and calyces, sparse or absent on mature parts, or sometimes remaining pubescent Annual or short-lived perennial herbs or sometimes subshrubs or shrubs from a woody rootstock, often foetid, glabrous or pubescent to glabrescent; indumentum of erect to appressed, simple non-glandular to glandular trichomes, dense on immature foliage, pedicels and calyces, sparse or absent on mature parts, or sometimes remaining pubescent.
- Morphology Leaves
- Leaves alternate, the upper ones in the floral region sometimes in pairs appearing opposite with one larger than the other, petiolate, entire or deeply or shallowly sinuate-dentate or coarsely and sharply incised-dentate Leaves alternate, the upper ones in the floral region sometimes in pairs appearing opposite with one larger than the other, petiolate, entire or deeply or shallowly sinuate-dentate or coarsely and sharply incised-dentate.
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers
- Flowers usually solitary, axillary or in the forks of the branching stem, actinomorphic or almost so. Flowers usually solitary, axillary or in the forks of the branching stem, actinomorphic or almost so; pedicels ± erect but sometimes becoming pendulous in fruit.
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Pedicel
- Pedicels ± erect but sometimes becoming pendulous in fruit
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Calyx
- Calyx shorter than the corolla tube, tubular, usually 5-angled to 5-ribbed, somewhat inflated or appressed to the corolla tube, 5-lobed or narrowly toothed; tube circumscissile near the base after anthesis, leaving an annular basal remnant which in fruit is often enlarged into a spreading or reflexed shield or cup; lobes much shorter than the tube, with valvate aestivation Calyx shorter than the corolla tube, tubular, usually 5-angled to 5-ribbed, somewhat inflated or appressed to the corolla tube, 5-lobed or narrowly toothed; tube circumscissile near the base after anthesis, leaving an annular basal remnant which in fruit is often enlarged into a spreading or reflexed shield or cup; lobes much shorter than the tube, with valvate aestivation.
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Corolla
- Corolla white or violet to purplish, infundibuliform to ± tubular, sometimes double or triple; tube long and narrow widening towards the throat; limb broad, plicate, spreading, 5(6)-lobed, or 10(12)-lobed when a secondary lobe appears between the main lobes; lobes short and cuspidate or sometimes long-caudate, with a conduplicate-contorted aestivation Corolla white or violet to purplish, infundibuliform to ± tubular, sometimes double or triple; tube long and narrow widening towards the throat; limb broad, plicate, spreading, 5(6)-lobed, or 10(12)-lobed when a secondary lobe appears between the main lobes; lobes short and cuspidate or sometimes long-caudate, with a conduplicate-contorted aestivation.
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Androecium Stamens
- Stamens (4)5(6), ± equal, included or slightly exserted; filaments linear-subulate, adnate to the lower half of the corolla tube; anthers basifixed, linear-oblong to narrowly elliptic or ovate in outline, slightly curved, dehiscing by longitudinal slits Stamens (4)5(6), ± equal, included or slightly exserted; filaments linear-subulate, adnate to the lower half of the corolla tube; anthers basifixed, linear-oblong to narrowly elliptic or ovate in outline, slightly curved, dehiscing by longitudinal slits.
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Disc
- Disk none Disk none.
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Gynoecium Ovary
- Ovary ± globose, provided with soft excrescences (rarely smooth), 2-locular, sometimes with a false septum and 4-locular below; ovules numerous in each locule on placentas adnate to the septa, hemicampylotropous.
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Gynoecium Style
- Style slender.
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Gynoecium Stigma
- Stigma often 2-lobed to 2-lamellate at the tip, included
- Note
- All parts of the plants are extremely toxic. Flour made from grain containing datura seed has caused poisoning and stock poisoning can occur when datura plants are gathered together with fodder plants. Satina & Avery in Chron. Bot. 20: 36 (1959) considered Datura sensu lato to include Brugmansia, however, recent workers treat these as distinct and I follow D'Arcy in Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 60: 582 (1974) in keeping the genera separate. Two sections are recognized: sect. Datura (sect. Stramonium Bernhardi) with D. stramonium and D. ferox and sect. Dutra Bernhardi with D. inoxia and D. metel.
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Gynoecium Pistil
- Ovary ± globose, provided with soft excrescences (rarely smooth), 2-locular, sometimes with a false septum and 4-locular below; ovules numerous in each locule on placentas adnate to the septa, hemicampylotropous; style slender; stigma often 2-lobed to 2-lamellate at the tip, included.
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits
- Fruit a capsule, globose to ellipsoid or ovoid, erect or deflexed, leathery, covered with soft or woody spine-like excrescences or tubercles (rarely smooth), semi-4-locular, apically dehiscent by 2 loculicidal and sometimes also 2 septicidal slits to ± halfway, the 4 dry valves incomplete. Fruit a capsule, globose to ellipsoid or ovoid, erect or deflexed, leathery, covered with soft or woody spine-like excrescences or tubercles (rarely smooth), semi-4-locular, apically dehiscent by 2 loculicidal and sometimes also 2 septicidal slits to ± halfway, the 4 dry valves incomplete
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Seeds
- Seeds numerous, relatively large, laterally compressed, wedge-shaped or reniform, or ± oblong in outline, sometimes with a funicular caruncle (elaiosome); testa moderately crustaceous, hard, or moderately subereous, very thick, smooth or roughened; embryo ± circinnate, flattened, subperipheral, in the fleshy or horny endosperm, with radicle terete; cotyledons semi-terete or linear in outline. Seeds numerous, relatively large, laterally compressed, wedge-shaped or reniform, or ± oblong in outline, sometimes with a funicular caruncle (elaiosome); testa moderately crustaceous, hard, or moderately subereous, very thick, smooth or roughened; embryo ± circinnate, flattened, subperipheral, in the fleshy or horny endosperm, with radicle terete; cotyledons semi-terete or linear in outline
Native to:
Arizona, Bahamas, Belize, Bermuda, California, Colombia, Colorado, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominican Republic, El Salvador, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico Central, Mexico Gulf, Mexico Northeast, Mexico Northwest, Mexico Southeast, Mexico Southwest, Netherlands Antilles, Nevada, New Mexico, Nicaragua, Oklahoma, Panamá, Texas, Turks-Caicos Is., Utah
Introduced into:
Afghanistan, Alabama, Albania, Aldabra, Algeria, Altay, Andaman Is., Angola, Argentina Northeast, Argentina Northwest, Argentina South, Aruba, Ascension, Assam, Austria, Azores, Baleares, Baltic States, Bangladesh, Belarus, Belgium, Benin, Bismarck Archipelago, Bolivia, Botswana, Brazil Northeast, Brazil South, Brazil Southeast, Brazil West-Central, Bulgaria, Burkina, Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canary Is., Cape Provinces, Cape Verde, Caroline Is., Central African Repu, Central European Rus, Chad, Chile Central, Chile North, Chile South, China North-Central, China South-Central, China Southeast, Christmas I., Comoros, Congo, Cook Is., Corse, Cyprus, Czechoslovakia, Denmark, Djibouti, East Aegean Is., East European Russia, East Himalaya, Egypt, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Fiji, Florida, France, Free State, French Guiana, Galápagos, Gambia, Germany, Ghana, Gilbert Is., Great Britain, Greece, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Gulf of Guinea Is., Gulf States, Hainan, Hawaii, Hungary, Illinois, India, Inner Mongolia, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Italy, Ivory Coast, Japan, Jawa, Juan Fernández Is., Kazakhstan, Kentucky, Kenya, Kirgizstan, Korea, Kriti, Krym, Kuwait, KwaZulu-Natal, Laccadive Is., Laos, Lebanon-Syria, Leeward Is., Lesotho, Lesser Sunda Is., Libya, Madagascar, Madeira, Malawi, Maldives, Mali, Manchuria, Marianas, Mauritania, Mauritius, Minnesota, Morocco, Mozambique, Myanmar, Namibia, Nepal, Netherlands, New Caledonia, New Guinea, New South Wales, New York, New Zealand North, New Zealand South, Nicobar Is., Niger, Nigeria, Niue, Norfolk Is., North Caucasus, Northern Provinces, Northern Territory, Northwest European R, Norway, Oman, Oregon, Pakistan, Palestine, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Primorye, Puerto Rico, Qinghai, Queensland, Rodrigues, Romania, Rwanda, Réunion, Sardegna, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Seychelles, Sicilia, Sierra Leone, Sinai, Society Is., Socotra, Somalia, South Australia, South China Sea, South European Russi, Southwest Caribbean, Spain, Sri Lanka, St.Helena, Sudan, Sulawesi, Swaziland, Sweden, Switzerland, Tadzhikistan, Taiwan, Tanzania, Tasmania, Tennessee, Thailand, Tibet, Togo, Tonga, Transcaucasus, Trinidad-Tobago, Tuamotu, Tubuai Is., Tunisia, Turkey, Turkey-in-Europe, Turkmenistan, Uganda, Ukraine, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Venezuelan Antilles, Vermont, Victoria, Vietnam, West Himalaya, West Siberia, Western Australia, Windward Is., Wisconsin, Xinjiang, Yemen, Yugoslavia, Zambia, Zaïre, Zimbabwe
- Datura arenicola Gentry ex Bye & Luna
- Datura ceratocaula Ortega
- Datura discolor Bernh.
- Datura ferox L.
- Datura innoxia Mill.
- Datura kymatocarpa Barclay
- Datura lanosa A.S.Barclay ex Bye
- Datura leichhardtii Benth.
- Datura metel L.
- Datura pruinosa Greenm.
- Datura quercifolia Kunth
- Datura reburra Barclay
- Datura stramonium L.
- Datura wrightii Regel
Datura L. appears in other Kew resources:
Date | Reference | Identified As | Barcode | Type Status | Has image? |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nelson, E.W. [6430], Mexico | K000063059 | No | |||
s.coll. [Cat. no. s.n.] | K001132452 | Yes | |||
Akkul, M. [Cat. no. s.n.], Myanmar | K001132450 | Yes | |||
s.coll. [Cat. no. s.n.] | K001132451 | Yes | |||
s.coll. [Cat. no. s.n.] | K001132453 | Yes |
First published in Sp. Pl.: 179 (1753)
Accepted by
- Bye, R. & Sosa, V. (2013). Molecular phylogeny of the Jimsonweed genus Datura (Solanaceae) Systematic Botany 38: 818-829.
- Govaerts, R. (2000). World Checklist of Seed Plants Database in ACCESS D: 1-30141.
Literature
Flora of West Tropical Africa
- Fosberg in Taxon 8: 52 (1959)
- Satina, Avery & Sachet in Blakeslee, The Genus Datura 16—47 (1959).
- —F.T.A. 4, 2: 258
Flora Zambesiaca
- Datura L., Sp. Pl.: 179 (1753)
- Gen. Pl., ed. 5: 83 (1754).
- Hawkes, Lester, Nee & Estrada, Solanaceae III: 197 (1991).
- Hunziker, Gen. Solanacearum: 149 (2001).
- Nee, Symon, Lester & Jessop, Solanaceae IV: 171–187 (1999).
- Persson, Knapp & Blackmore in Nee, Symon, Lester & Jessop, Solanaceae IV: 171–187 (1999).
- Sp. Pl.: 179 (1753)
- Symon & Haegi in Hawkes, Lester, Nee & Estrada, Solanaceae III: 197 (1991).
Flora of Somalia
- Flora Somalia, Vol 3, (2006) Author: by M. Thulin [updated by M. Thulin 2008]
Flora of Tropical East Africa
- Aust. J. Bot. 24: 415–435 (1976);
- Chronica Botanica 20: 16–47 (1959);
- DC., Prodr. 13(1): 538 (1852);
- Gen. Pl. ed. 5: 83 (1754)
- Hunziker, Gen. Solanaceae: 149–153 (2001)
- J.L.S. 125: 295–308 (1997);
- Journ. Wash. Acad. Sci. 11(8): 173–189 (1921);
- Solanaceae IV: 171–187 (1999);
- Sp. Pl.; 179 (1753)
- Syst. Nat. 2, ed. 10: 932 (1759);
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Art and Illustrations in Digifolia
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Flora Zambesiaca
Flora Zambesiaca
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Flora of Somalia
Flora of Somalia
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Flora of Tropical East Africa
Flora of Tropical East Africa
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Herbarium Catalogue Specimens
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Kew Backbone Distributions
The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families 2022. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/
© Copyright 2017 World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0
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Kew Names and Taxonomic Backbone
The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families 2022. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/
© Copyright 2017 International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0