- Family: Lythraceae J.St.-Hil.
Lythrum L.
[FTEA]
Lythraceae, B. Verdcourt. Flora of Tropical East Africa. 1984
- Morphology General Habit
- Perennial or annual herbs, rarely subshrubby
- Morphology Leaves
- Leaves decussate, verticillate or alternate
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers
- Flowers 4–6(–8)-merous, regular or obscurely irregular, often di- or trimorphic, axillary, solitary or in cymes, sometimes congested into raceme-like “terminal” inflorescences
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Calyx
- Calyx tubular or ± campanulate, the sinus-appendages obvious or ± obsolete
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Corolla
- Petals mostly conspicuous, rarely lacking
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Androecium Stamens
- Stamens (1–)4–12, inserted near base of tube, some or all exserted, the ventrals and dorsals often inserted at different heights
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Gynoecium Pistil
- Ovary ± sessile, oblong or ovoid, incompletely bilocular; ovules numerous; style usually well developed, rarely almost lacking; stigma capitate
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits
- Capsule 2-valved; valves sometimes ± bilobed, membranous to ± coriaceous
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Seeds
- Seeds 8 to numerous.
[FIQ]
Ghazanfar, S. A. & Edmondson, J. R (Eds). (2014) Flora of Iraq, Volume 5 Part 2: Lythraceae to Campanulaceae.
- Morphology General Habit
- Herbs, annual or perennial rarely shrubby; young branches 4-angled
- Morphology Leaves
- Leaves, opposite and decussate, verticillate or alternate
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers
- Flowers solitary in axils, or in cymes or terminal spikes, 6-merous, [mono-, di-, or] trimorphic in relation of filament to style length. Calyx tube (hypanthium) elongate, 6–12 angled or -veined; sepals 4–6; epicalyx present
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Corolla
- Petals 4–6 (or absent)
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Androecium Stamens
- Stamens 4–12 (12 or fewer in Iraq plants), in 2 whorls of different lengths, inserted near the base of the tube
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Gynoecium Ovary
- Ovary oblong, ± 2-locular; ovules many
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits
- Capsule 2-valved, fusiform, included
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Seeds
- Seeds 8–many, elongate.
- Distribution
- About 35 species, cosmopolitan in distribution; four species found in Iraq.
- Note
- Lythrum (from the Gr. λύϑρον, luthron, loosening or atonement).
[FSOM]
M. Thulin et al. Flora of Somalia, Vol. 1-4 [updated 2008] https://plants.jstor.org/collection/FLOS
- Morphology General Habit
- Herbs, rarely ± shrubby
- Morphology Leaves
- Leaves sometimes whorled or alternate
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers
- Flowers axillary, in cymes or solitary, sometimes congested into raceme-like terminal inflorescences, 4–6(–8)-merous, occasionally obscurely zygomorphic, often heterostylous
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Hypanthium
- Hypanthium campanulate or cylindrical; sinus-horns present or not
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Corolla
- Petals usually large, rarely absent
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Androecium Stamens
- Stamens (1–)4–12
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Gynoecium Ovary
- Ovary incompletely 2-celled, ovules numerous, style usually well developed
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits
- Capsule 2-valved, often 2-lobed
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Seeds
- Seeds 8–many, small.
- Distribution
- A subcosmopolitan genus of about 40 species.
Native to:
Afghanistan, Alabama, Albania, Algeria, Altay, Amur, Argentina Northeast, Argentina Northwest, Arizona, Arkansas, Austria, Azores, Baleares, Baltic States, Belarus, Belgium, Bolivia, Brazil South, Bulgaria, Buryatiya, California, Canary Is., Central European Rus, Chad, Chile Central, Chile North, China North-Central, China South-Central, Chita, Colombia, Colorado, Connecticut, Corse, Cuba, Cyprus, Czechoslovakia, Delaware, Denmark, District of Columbia, Dominican Republic, East Aegean Is., East European Russia, Ecuador, Egypt, Ethiopia, Finland, Florida, France, Georgia, Germany, Great Britain, Greece, Guatemala, Haiti, Hawaii, Hungary, Illinois, Indiana, Inner Mongolia, Iowa, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Irkutsk, Italy, Japan, Juan Fernández Is., Kansas, Kazakhstan, Kentucky, Kenya, Khabarovsk, Kirgizstan, Korea, Krasnoyarsk, Kriti, Krym, Kuril Is., Lebanon-Syria, Libya, Louisiana, Madeira, Maine, Malawi, Manchuria, Maryland, Massachusetts, Mexico Central, Mexico Gulf, Mexico Northeast, Mexico Northwest, Mexico Southeast, Mexico Southwest, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Mongolia, Montana, Morocco, Nebraska, Netherlands, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, New South Wales, New York, North Carolina, North Caucasus, North Dakota, North European Russi, Northern Territory, Northwest European R, Norway, Ohio, Oklahoma, Ontario, Pakistan, Palestine, Pennsylvania, Peru, Poland, Portugal, Primorye, Qinghai, Queensland, Rhode I., Romania, Rwanda, Sakhalin, Sardegna, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Sicilia, Sinai, Socotra, Somalia, South Australia, South Carolina, South Dakota, South European Russi, Spain, Sudan, Sweden, Switzerland, Tadzhikistan, Tanzania, Tasmania, Tennessee, Texas, Tibet, Transcaucasus, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkey-in-Europe, Turkmenistan, Tuva, Uganda, Ukraine, Uruguay, Utah, Uzbekistan, Venezuela, Vermont, Victoria, Virginia, West Himalaya, West Siberia, West Virginia, Western Australia, Wisconsin, Wyoming, Xinjiang, Yemen, Yugoslavia, Zaïre
Introduced into:
Alberta, Argentina South, British Columbia, Cape Provinces, Chile South, Idaho, Manitoba, New Brunswick, New Zealand North, Newfoundland, Norfolk Is., Nova Scotia, Oregon, Prince Edward I., Québec, Saskatchewan, Washington
- Lythrum acutangulum Lag.
- Lythrum alatum Pursh
- Lythrum album Kunth
- Lythrum americanum Mill.
- Lythrum anatolicum Leblebici & Seçmen
- Lythrum baeticum Gonz.Albo
- Lythrum borysthenicum (M.Bieb. ex Schrank) Litv.
- Lythrum bryantii Brandegee
- Lythrum californicum Torr. & A.Gray
- Lythrum curtissii Fernald
- Lythrum flagellare Shuttlew. ex Chapm.
- Lythrum flexuosum Lag.
- Lythrum gracile Benth.
- Lythrum hyrcanicum (Sosn.) ined.
- Lythrum hyssopifolia L.
- Lythrum intermedium Fisch. ex Colla
- Lythrum junceum Banks & Sol.
- Lythrum komarovii Murav.
- Lythrum lineare L.
- Lythrum linifolium Kar. & Kir.
- Lythrum lydiae Sytin
- Lythrum maritimum Kunth
- Lythrum nanum Kar. & Kir.
- Lythrum netofa Vered, Mazar & Gazaix
- Lythrum ovalifolium (A.Gray) Shuttlew. ex Koehne
- Lythrum paradoxum Koehne
- Lythrum portula (L.) D.A.Webb
- Lythrum rotundifolium Hochst. ex A.Rich.
- Lythrum salicaria L.
- Lythrum schelkovnikovii Sosn.
- Lythrum silenoides Boiss. & Noë
- Lythrum theodori Sosn.
- Lythrum thesioides M.Bieb.
- Lythrum thymifolia L.
- Lythrum tribracteatum Salzm. ex Spreng.
- Lythrum virgatum L.
- Lythrum volgense D.A.Webb
- Lythrum vulneraria Aiton ex Schrank
- Lythrum wilsonii Hewson
Lythrum L. appears in other Kew resources:
First published in Sp. Pl.: 446 (1753)
Accepted by
- Tutin, T.G. & al. (eds.) (1968). Flora Europaea 2: 1-469. Cambridge University Press.
Literature
Flora of Iraq
- Koehne in Engl., Pflanzenr. 1V. 216 (1903)
- Linnaeus, Gen. Pl. ed. 5: 205 (1754);
- Linnaeus, Sp. Pl.: 446 (1753);
Flora of Somalia
- Flora Somalia, Vol 1, (1993) Author: by M. G. Gilbert & M. Thulin [updated by M. Thulin 2008]
Flora of Tropical East Africa
- Gen. Pl., ed. 5: 205 (1754)
- Koehne in E.P. IV. 216: 58 (1903)
- Sp. Pl.: 446 (1753)
Flora of Iraq
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0
Flora of Somalia
Flora of Somalia
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0
Flora of Tropical East Africa
Flora of Tropical East Africa
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0
Kew Backbone Distributions
The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families 2021. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/
© Copyright 2017 World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0
Kew Names and Taxonomic Backbone
The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families 2021. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/
© Copyright 2017 International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0