- Family:
- Boraginaceae Juss.
Cynoglossum L.

[FZ]
Boraginaceae, E. S. Martins (Trichodesma by R. K. Brummit). Flora Zambesiaca 7:4. 1990
- Morphology General Habit
- Annual, biennial or perennial herbs.
- Morphology Leaves
- Leaves alternate, the basal ones long petiolate, the cauline ones shortly petiolate or sessile.
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences
- Inflorescence of scorpioid cymes, ebracteate or bracteate to the base.
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers
- Flowers hermaphrodite, pedicellate.
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Calyx
- Calyx 5-lobed, not or but a little accrescent.
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Corolla
- Corolla tube short, cylindrical or infundibuliform, closed with 5 scales (fornices) at the throat; lobes 5, imbricate.
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Androecium Stamens
- Stamens included; filaments very short; anthers ovate, elliptic or oblong, obtuse.
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Gynoecium
- Gynobase conical.
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Gynoecium Pistil
- Ovary of 4 separate lobes, attached to the gynobase only by a little part of the inner surface; style usually shorter than the calyx; stigma terminal, capitate or subcapitate.
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits
- Fruit of 4 nutlets; nutlets glochidiate, depressed, with the outer surface flat, slightly concave or convex, the inner surface with the attach cicatrice near the apex, cohering with style or free.
[FTEA]
Boraginaceae, B. Verdcourt. Flora of Tropical East Africa. 1991
- Morphology General Habit
- Perennial, biennial or rarely annual usually very hairy herbs or subshrubby herbs
- Morphology Leaves
- Leaves alternate, the radical ones long-petiolate, the cauline ones sessile or shortly petiolate
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences
- Cymes terminal or axillary, generally ebracteate, scorpioid, lengthening considerably in fruit
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers
- Flowers white or blue, pedicellate or subsessile; calyx persistent with 5 spreading or reflexed lobes, slightly accrescent
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Corolla
- Corolla cylindric-rotate or funnel-shaped with 5 broadly ovate imbricate spreading obtuse lobes; throat closed by ± squarish or crescent-shaped appendages
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Androecium Stamens
- Stamens 5, included, inserted at the base or towards the apex of the tube
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Gynoecium Pistil
- Ovary distinctly 4-lobed, adhering to the central stylar column by a part of the internal face only of each lobe; style gynobasic; disc sometimes distinct and lobulate
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits
- Nutlets 4, depressed-ovoid, usually densely echinulate with glochidiate spines or smooth in part, sometimes the apical beak cohering with the style.
[FSOM]
M. Thulin et al. Flora of Somalia, Vol. 1-4 [updated 2008] https://plants.jstor.org/collection/FLOS
- Morphology General Habit
- Herbs or subshrubs
- Morphology Leaves
- Leaves alternate, entire
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers
- Flowers regular, in terminal or axillary cymes
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Calyx
- Calyx 5-lobed, slightly enlarged in fruit
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Corolla
- Corolla-tube short, with throat closed by ± squarish or crescent-shaped appendages; lobes 5, spreading, obtuse
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Androecium Stamens
- Stamens 5, inserted in the corolla-tube, included
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Gynoecium Ovary
- Ovary 4-lobed; style gynobasic; stigma capitate
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits
- Fruit of 1–4 nutlets with glochidiate spines usually covering most of the surface.
- Distribution
- Almost cosmopolitan genus with some 75 species.
Native to:
Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Altay, Angola, Assam, Austria, Azores, Baleares, Baltic States, Bangladesh, Belarus, Belgium, Benin, Borneo, Bulgaria, Burundi, Buryatiya, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canary Is., Cape Provinces, Central African Repu, Central European Rus, China North-Central, China South-Central, China Southeast, Chita, Comoros, Congo, Corse, Cyprus, Czechoslovakia, Denmark, East Aegean Is., East European Russia, East Himalaya, Ethiopia, France, Free State, Germany, Ghana, Great Britain, Greece, Gulf of Guinea Is., Hainan, Hungary, India, Inner Mongolia, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Irkutsk, Italy, Ivory Coast, Japan, Jawa, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kirgizstan, Korea, Krasnoyarsk, Kriti, Krym, Kuril Is., KwaZulu-Natal, Laos, Lebanon-Syria, Lesotho, Lesser Sunda Is., Liberia, Libya, Madagascar, Madeira, Malawi, Malaya, Manchuria, Mauritius, Mongolia, Morocco, Mozambique, Myanmar, Nansei-shoto, Nepal, Netherlands, New Guinea, New South Wales, Nigeria, North Caucasus, North European Russi, Northern Provinces, Northern Territory, Northwest European R, Pakistan, Palestine, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Qinghai, Queensland, Romania, Rwanda, Réunion, Sardegna, Saudi Arabia, Sicilia, Somalia, South Australia, South European Russi, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Sulawesi, Sumatera, Swaziland, Sweden, Switzerland, Tadzhikistan, Taiwan, Tanzania, Tasmania, Thailand, Tibet, Transcaucasus, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkey-in-Europe, Turkmenistan, Uganda, Ukraine, Uzbekistan, Victoria, Vietnam, West Himalaya, West Siberia, Western Australia, Xinjiang, Yemen, Yugoslavia, Zambia, Zaïre, Zimbabwe
Introduced into:
Alabama, Alberta, Argentina Northeast, Argentina Northwest, Argentina South, Arizona, Arkansas, Ascension, Bolivia, Brazil South, British Columbia, California, Chile Central, Chile South, Colombia, Colorado, Connecticut, Costa Rica, Delaware, District of Columbia, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Fiji, Finland, Florida, Georgia, Guatemala, Haiti, Hawaii, Honduras, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Jamaica, Juan Fernández Is., Kansas, Kentucky, Kermadec Is., Louisiana, Maine, Manitoba, Maryland, Massachusetts, Mexico Northeast, Mexico Southwest, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Brunswick, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, New Zealand North, New Zealand South, Norfolk Is., North Carolina, North Dakota, Norway, Nova Scotia, Ohio, Oklahoma, Ontario, Oregon, Panamá, Pennsylvania, Peru, Primorye, Puerto Rico, Québec, Rhode I., Saskatchewan, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Tristan da Cunha, Utah, Venezuela, Vermont, Virginia, Washington, West Virginia, Wisconsin, Wyoming
- Cynoglossum aequinoctiale T.C.E.Fr.
- Cynoglossum alpestre Ohwi
- Cynoglossum alpinum (Brand) Riedl
- Cynoglossum alticola Hilliard & B.L.Burtt
- Cynoglossum amabile Stapf & J.R.Drumm.
- Cynoglossum amplifolium Hochst. ex A.DC.
- Cynoglossum asperrimum Nakai
- Cynoglossum australe R.Br.
- Cynoglossum × austriacum Rech.
- Cynoglossum austroafricanum Hilliard & B.L.Burtt
- Cynoglossum baeticum Sutorý
- Cynoglossum barbaricinum Arrigoni & Selvi
- Cynoglossum birkinshawii J.S.Mill.
- Cynoglossum borbonicum (Lam.) Bory
- Cynoglossum bottae Deflers
- Cynoglossum brandii Sutorý
- Cynoglossum castaneum Riedl
- Cynoglossum celebicum Brand
- Cynoglossum cernuum Baker
- Cynoglossum cheranganiense Verdc.
- Cynoglossum clandestinum Desf.
- Cynoglossum coeruleum Hochst. ex A.DC.
- Cynoglossum columnae Ten.
- Cynoglossum creticum Mill.
- Cynoglossum dalianum Sutorý
- Cynoglossum densefoliatum Chiov.
- Cynoglossum dioscoridis Vill.
- Cynoglossum divaricatum Stephan ex Lehm.
- Cynoglossum formosanum Nakai
- Cynoglossum gansuense Y.L.Liu
- Cynoglossum germanicum Jacq.
- Cynoglossum glabellum Riedl
- Cynoglossum hanangense Verdc.
- Cynoglossum hellwigii Brand
- Cynoglossum hispidum Thunb.
- Cynoglossum holosericeum Steven
- Cynoglossum inyangense E.S.Martins
- Cynoglossum javanicum (Lehm.) A.DC.
- Cynoglossum kandavanense (Bornm. & Gauba) Akhani
- Cynoglossum karamojense Verdc.
- Cynoglossum krasniqii Wraber
- Cynoglossum lanceolatum Forssk.
- Cynoglossum × legionense Rothm.
- Cynoglossum lowryanum J.S.Mill.
- Cynoglossum macrocalycinum Riedl
- Cynoglossum macrolimbe Riedl
- Cynoglossum magellense Ten.
- Cynoglossum maghrebicum Sutorý
- Cynoglossum meeboldii Brand
- Cynoglossum microglochin Benth.
- Cynoglossum × modorense Rech.
- Cynoglossum monophlebium Baker
- Cynoglossum montanum L.
- Cynoglossum natolicum (Bornm.) Sutorý
- Cynoglossum nebrodense Guss.
- Cynoglossum nova-guineese Riedl
- Cynoglossum obtusicalyx Retief & A.E.van Wyk
- Cynoglossum officinale L.
- Cynoglossum papuanum Schltr. ex O.Brand
- Cynoglossum pustulatum Boiss.
- Cynoglossum rochelia A.DC.
- Cynoglossum sabirense (R.R.Mill & A.G.Mill.) J.R.I.Wood
- Cynoglossum semnanicum Khat.
- Cynoglossum seravshanicum (B.Fedtsch.) Popov
- Cynoglossum spelaeum Hilliard & B.L.Burtt
- Cynoglossum sphacioticum Boiss. & Heldr.
- Cynoglossum stewartii Kazmi
- Cynoglossum timorense Riedl
- Cynoglossum torvum Dimon & M.A.M.Renner
- Cynoglossum trinervium (Duthie) Greuter & Stier
- Cynoglossum trollii Melch.
- Cynoglossum tsaratananense J.S.Mill.
- Cynoglossum ukaguruense Verdc.
- Cynoglossum vanense Sutorý
- Cynoglossum viridiflorum Pall. ex Lehm.
- Cynoglossum wallichii G.Don
- Cynoglossum wildii E.S.Martins
- Cynoglossum yemenense (R.R.Mill & A.G.Mill.) Verdc.
- Cynoglossum zeylanicum (Sw. ex Lehm.) Thunb. ex Brand
Cynoglossum L. appears in other Kew resources:
Date | Reference | Identified As | Barcode | Type Status | Has image? |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Eyles, F. [8843], Zimbabwe | 17687.000 | No | |||
Keay, R.W.J. [FHI 28376], Cameroon | K000029873 | No | |||
Sanford, W.W. [5379], Cameroon | K000029872 | No |
First published in Sp. Pl.: 134 (1753)
Accepted by
- Govaerts, R. (1999). World Checklist of Seed Plants 3(1, 2a & 2b): 1-1532. MIM, Deurne.
Literature
Flora of West Tropical Africa
- Brand in Engl. Pflanzenr. 4, 252 (1921).
- —F.T.A. 4, 2: 51
Flora Zambesiaca
- Brand in Engl., Pflanzenr. 78 [IV, 252]: 114 (1921).
- Gen. Pl., ed. 5: 65 (1754).
- Sp. Pl.: 134 (1753)
Flora of Somalia
- Flora Somalia, Vol 3, (2006) Author: by M. Thulin [updated by M. Thulin 2008]
Flora of Tropical East Africa
- Brand in E.P. IV. 252 (78): 114 (1921)
- L., Gen. Pl., ed. 5: 65 (1754)
- Sp. Pl.: 134 (1753)
-
Flora Zambesiaca
Flora Zambesiaca
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0
-
Flora of Somalia
Flora of Somalia
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0
-
Flora of Tropical East Africa
Flora of Tropical East Africa
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0
-
Herbarium Catalogue Specimens
-
Kew Backbone Distributions
The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families 2022. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/
© Copyright 2017 World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0
-
Kew Names and Taxonomic Backbone
The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families 2022. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/
© Copyright 2017 International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0