- Family:
- Lamiaceae Martinov
Clinopodium L.

[LKGF]
Harley, R.M. et al. (2004). Labiatae, in The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants (K. Kubitzki, ed. in chief) VI: 167-275. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, New York.
- Morphology General Habit
- Perennial, rarely annual herbs and shrubs, aromatic, with simple or branched hairs
- Morphology Leaves
- Leaves petiolate to subsessile, simple, variously toothed or entire, margin sometimes revolute
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences
- Inflorescence of axillary cymes, these sometimes reduced to solitary flowers or merging to form a terminal, paniculiform to spiciform, verticillastrate, or subcapitate thyrse
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Calyx
- Calyx actinomorphic to 2-lipped, not accrescent, usually cylindrical to tubular-campanulate, straight to sigmoid, sometimes gibbous, usually 13-(11-, 15-) nerved, 5-lobed, lobes often upcurved, posterior 3 often partially fused to form a lip, anterior 2 u
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Corolla
- Corolla white to blue, lavender, red, or orange (rarely yellow), 2-lipped (2/3), posterior lip usually notched, tube straight or curved
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Androecium Stamens
- Stamens usually 4 (rarely the posterior pair reduced to staminodes), didynamous, included or exserted, filaments usually glabrous, thecae parallel to divaricate, separate at dehiscence
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Gynoecium Stigma
- Stigma lobes equal or unequal
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Disc
- Disc usually symmetrical
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits
- Nutlets ellipsoid to ovoid, obloid, obovoid, or subglobose, often somewhat trigonal, smooth or minutely sculptured, glabrous or puberulent.
- Note
- 2n = 10-72 (most frequently 18 or 20). About 100 species As delimited here, Clinopodium includes most of the native New World species of Satureja sensu Epling and Játiva (1964, 1966), see Cantino and Wagstaff (1998).
- Distribution
- Mostly in the New World (both temperate and tropical) and temperate Eurasia, but a few in Africa, tropical Asia and Indomalaysia.
[FTEA]
Lamiaceae (Labiatae), A.J. Paton, G. Bramley, O. Ryding, R.M. Polhill, Y.B. Harvey, M. Iwarsson, F. Willis, P.B. Phillipson, K. Balkwill, C.W. Lukhoba, D.F. Otieno, & R.M. Harley. Clinopodium, O Ryding. Flora of Tropical East Africa. 2009
- Morphology General Habit
- Perennial, aromatic herbs, subshrubs or small shrubs
- Morphology Leaves
- Leaves opposite, toothed or sometimes entire, not thickened
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences
- Inflorescence thyrsoid or sometimes with the cymes reduced to single flowers; bracts ± similar to the ordinary leaves but gradually smaller upwards in the inflorescences; bracteoles present
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Calyx
- Calyx 5-lobed, hardly accrescent, slightly zygomorphic to strongly 2-lipped; tube (11–)13(–15)-veined, mostly hairy inside near the mouth; posterior lip 3-lobed; anterior lip 2-lobed, divided to the base, with narrower lobes
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Corolla
- Corolla 2-lipped; posterior lip emarginate, entire or sometimes 4-toothed; anterior lip almost flat, 3-lobed
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Androecium Stamens
- Stamens 4, or upper pair reduced to staminodes, sometimes sterile in female flowers, ascending under the posterior corolla lip; thecae divaricate to parallel, often separated by a short connective
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Gynoecium Ovary
- Ovary deeply 4-lobed, style gynobasic, branches subequal or lower branch much longer
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits
- Nutlets ± trigonal, matt, usually with a ± distinct areole at the scar, apex rounded to acuminate.
- Note
- In most other Floras and systematic works, the tropical African species of Clinopodium are included in the genus Satureja. With new generic concepts, Satureja sensu stricto is not known from tropical Africa.
[FSOM]
M. Thulin et al. Flora of Somalia, Vol. 1-4 [updated 2008] https://plants.jstor.org/collection/FLOS
- Morphology General Habit
- Small shrubs, subshrubs or herbs
- Morphology Leaves
- Leaves dentate or sometimes entire, margin flat or revolute but not thickened
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences
- Inflorescences thyrse-like (in Somali species), rather lax; bracts similar to the leaves; cymes (1–)several-flowered; bracteoles small
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Calyx
- Calyx 5-lobed with subequal lobes (in Somalia) or distinctly 2-lipped with a 3-lobed upper lip and a 2-lobed lower lip, (11–)13(–15)-ribbed
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Corolla
- Corolla 2-lipped; tube straight; upper lip almost flat, emarginate; lower lip 3-lobed
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Androecium Stamens Anthers
- Anthers parallel (in Somali species) or usually divaricate
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Gynoecium Style
- Style-branches almost equally long (in Somalia) or lower branch mostly distinctly longer
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits
- Nutlets narrowly ellipsoid, with a ± distinct areole at the scar.
- Distribution
- A subcosmopolitan genus with about 150 species.
Native to:
Afghanistan, Alabama, Albania, Algeria, Altay, Amur, Angola, Argentina Northeast, Argentina Northwest, Argentina South, Arkansas, Assam, Austria, Azores, Bahamas, Baleares, Baltic States, Bangladesh, Belarus, Belgium, Bolivia, Borneo, Brazil South, British Columbia, Bulgaria, Burundi, California, Cameroon, Canary Is., Central European Rus, Chile Central, Chile North, Chile South, China North-Central, China South-Central, China Southeast, Colombia, Corse, Costa Rica, Cuba, Cyprus, Czechoslovakia, Denmark, Djibouti, Dominican Republic, East Aegean Is., East European Russia, East Himalaya, Ecuador, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Finland, Florida, France, Georgia, Germany, Great Britain, Greece, Guatemala, Gulf of Guinea Is., Haiti, Honduras, Hungary, Illinois, India, Indiana, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jawa, Kansas, Kazakhstan, Kentucky, Kenya, Khabarovsk, Kirgizstan, Korea, Krasnoyarsk, Kriti, Krym, Kuril Is., Laos, Lebanon-Syria, Lesser Sunda Is., Libya, Louisiana, Madeira, Malawi, Malaya, Maluku, Manchuria, Mexican Pacific Is., Mexico Central, Mexico Gulf, Mexico Northeast, Mexico Northwest, Mexico Southeast, Mexico Southwest, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Morocco, Mozambique, Myanmar, Nansei-shoto, Nepal, Netherlands, New Guinea, New Mexico, New York, Nigeria, North Carolina, North Caucasus, North European Russi, Northwest European R, Norway, Ohio, Oklahoma, Ontario, Pakistan, Palestine, Paraguay, Pennsylvania, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Primorye, Puerto Rico, Romania, Rwanda, Sakhalin, Sardegna, Saudi Arabia, Sicilia, Somalia, South Carolina, South European Russi, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Sulawesi, Sumatera, Sweden, Switzerland, Tadzhikistan, Taiwan, Tanzania, Tennessee, Texas, Thailand, Tibet, Transcaucasus, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkey-in-Europe, Turkmenistan, Uganda, Ukraine, Uzbekistan, Venezuela, Vietnam, Virginia, West Himalaya, West Siberia, West Virginia, Wisconsin, Xinjiang, Yakutskiya, Yemen, Yugoslavia, Zambia, Zaïre, Zimbabwe
Introduced into:
Arizona, Bermuda, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, District of Columbia, Iowa, Magadan, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Zealand North, New Zealand South, Newfoundland, North Dakota, Oregon, Rhode I., Trinidad-Tobago, Utah, Vermont, Washington
- Clinopodium abchasicum Melnikov
- Clinopodium abyssinicum (Benth.) Kuntze
- Clinopodium acinos (L.) Kuntze
- Clinopodium acutifolium (Benth.) Govaerts
- Clinopodium albanicum (Griseb. ex K.Malý) Melnikov
- Clinopodium × alboviride (Faure & Maire) Melnikov
- Clinopodium album (Waldst. & Kit.) Bräuchler & Govaerts
- Clinopodium alpestre (Urb.) Harley
- Clinopodium alpinum (L.) Kuntze
- Clinopodium amissum (Epling & Játiva) Harley
- Clinopodium argenteum (Kunth) Govaerts
- Clinopodium arkansanum (Nutt.) House
- Clinopodium ashei (Weath.) Small
- Clinopodium atlanticum (Ball) N.Galland
- Clinopodium austro-osseticum Melnikov
- Clinopodium axillare (Rusby) Harley
- Clinopodium banaoense (P.Herrera, I.E.Méndez & Bécquer) Melnikov
- Clinopodium barbatum (P.H.Davis) Melnikov
- Clinopodium barosmum (W.W.Sm.) Bräuchler & Heubl
- Clinopodium betulifolium (Boiss. & Balansa) Kuntze
- Clinopodium bolivianum (Benth.) Kuntze
- Clinopodium brevicalyx (Epling) Harley & A.Granda
- Clinopodium breviflorum (Benth.) Govaerts
- Clinopodium brevifolium (Wahlenb.) Bräuchler & Hjertson
- Clinopodium brownei (Sw.) Kuntze
- Clinopodium bucheri (P.Wilson) Harley
- Clinopodium × cadevallii (Sennen) Starm.
- Clinopodium candidissimum (Munby) Kuntze
- Clinopodium canescens (J.Presl) Melnikov
- Clinopodium capitellatum (Benth.) Kuntze
- Clinopodium caricum (P.H.Davis) Bräuchler & Heubl
- Clinopodium caroli-henricanum (Kit Tan & Sorger) Govaerts
- Clinopodium carolinianum Mill.
- Clinopodium caucasicum Melnikov
- Clinopodium cercocarpoides (Epling) Govaerts
- Clinopodium chandleri (Brandegee) P.D.Cantino & Wagstaff
- Clinopodium chilense (Benth.) Govaerts
- Clinopodium chinense (Benth.) Kuntze
- Clinopodium cilicicum (Hausskn. ex P.H.Davis) Bräuchler & Heubl
- Clinopodium clivorum (Epling) Govaerts
- Clinopodium coccineum (Nutt. ex Hook.) Kuntze
- Clinopodium congestum (Boiss. & Hausskn.) Kuntze
- Clinopodium × conillii (Sennen) Starm.
- Clinopodium corsicum (Pers.) Govaerts
- Clinopodium creticum (L.) Kuntze
- Clinopodium cuifengense S.S.Ying
- Clinopodium cylindristachys (Epling & Játiva) Govaerts
- Clinopodium dalmaticum (Benth.) Bräuchler & Heubl
- Clinopodium darwinii (Benth.) Kuntze
- Clinopodium debile (Bunge) Kuntze
- Clinopodium dentatum (Chapm.) Kuntze
- Clinopodium discolor (Diels) C.Y.Wu & S.J.Hsuan ex H.W.Li
- Clinopodium dolichodontum (P.H.Davis) Bräuchler & Heubl
- Clinopodium domingense (Urb. & Ekman) Govaerts
- Clinopodium ekmanianum (Epling & Alain) Harley
- Clinopodium elegans Melnikov
- Clinopodium euosmum (W.W.Sm.) Bräuchler & Heubl
- Clinopodium fasciculatum (Benth.) Govaerts
- Clinopodium fauriei (H.Lév. & Vaniot) H.Hara
- Clinopodium flabellifolium (Epling & Játiva) Govaerts
- Clinopodium foliolosum (Benth.) Govaerts
- Clinopodium frivaldszkyanum (Degen) Bräuchler & Heubl
- Clinopodium ganderi (Epling) Govaerts
- Clinopodium gilanicum Melnikov
- Clinopodium gilliesii (Benth.) Kuntze
- Clinopodium glabellum (Michx.) Kuntze
- Clinopodium gracile (Benth.) Kuntze
- Clinopodium grandiflorum (L.) Kuntze
- Clinopodium graveolens (M.Bieb.) Kuntze
- Clinopodium griseum (Epling) Harley
- Clinopodium hakkaricum Dirmenci & Firat
- Clinopodium heterotrichum (Boiss. & Reut.) Govaerts
- Clinopodium hintoniorum (B.L.Turner) Govaerts
- Clinopodium hispidulum (Boiss. & Reut.) Govaerts
- Clinopodium × hostii (Caruel) Bräuchler
- Clinopodium hydaspidis (Falc. ex Benth.) Kuntze
- Clinopodium integerrimum Boriss.
- Clinopodium italicum (Huter) Bräuchler
- Clinopodium jacquelinae Schmidt-Leb.
- Clinopodium jaliscanum (McVaugh & R.Schmid) Govaerts
- Clinopodium jamesonii (Benth.) Govaerts
- Clinopodium javanicum (Blume) I.M.Turner
- Clinopodium junctionis (Epling & Játiva) Govaerts
- Clinopodium kallaricum (Jamzad) Bordbar
- Clinopodium kilimandschari (Gürke) Ryding
- Clinopodium krupkinae Melnikov
- Clinopodium kunashirense Prob.
- Clinopodium kurachense Melnikov
- Clinopodium lanceolatum Melnikov
- Clinopodium latifolium (H.Hara) T.Yamaz. & Murata
- Clinopodium laxiflorum (Hayata) K.Mori
- Clinopodium libanoticum (Boiss.) Kuntze
- Clinopodium loesenerianum (Mansf.) A.Granda
- Clinopodium longipes C.Y.Wu & S.J.Hsuan ex H.W.Li
- Clinopodium ludens (Shinners) A.Pool
- Clinopodium macranthum (Makino) H.Hara
- Clinopodium macrostemum (Moc. & Sessé ex Benth.) Kuntze
- Clinopodium maderense (Henrard) Govaerts
- Clinopodium maritimum (Benth.) Kuntze
- Clinopodium matthewsii (Briq.) Govaerts
- Clinopodium megalanthum (Diels) C.Y.Wu & S.J.Hsuan ex H.W.Li
- Clinopodium menitskyi Melnikov
- Clinopodium menthifolium (Host) Merino
- Clinopodium mexicanum (Benth.) Govaerts
- Clinopodium micranthum (Regel) H.Hara
- Clinopodium micromerioides (Hemsl.) Govaerts
- Clinopodium mimuloides (Benth.) Kuntze
- Clinopodium minae (Lojac.) Peruzzi & F.Conti
- Clinopodium × mixtum (Ausserd. ex Heinr.Braun & Sennholz) Starm.
- Clinopodium molle (Benth.) Kuntze
- Clinopodium multicaule (Maxim.) Kuntze
- Clinopodium multiflorum (Ruiz & Pav.) Kuntze
- Clinopodium mutabile (Epling) Harley
- Clinopodium myrianthum (Baker) Ryding
- Clinopodium nanum (P.H.Davis & Doroszenko) Govaerts
- Clinopodium nepalense (Kitam. & Murata) Bräuchler & Heubl
- Clinopodium nepeta (L.) Kuntze
- Clinopodium nubigenum (Kunth) Kuntze
- Clinopodium nummulariifolium (Boiss.) Kuntze
- Clinopodium obovatum (Ruiz & Pav.) Govaerts
- Clinopodium odorum (Griseb.) Harley
- Clinopodium omeiense C.Y.Wu & S.J.Hsuan ex H.W.Li
- Clinopodium pallidum (Epling) Govaerts
- Clinopodium palmeri (A.Gray) Kuntze
- Clinopodium paradoxum (Vatke) Ryding
- Clinopodium × pillichianum (J.Wagner) Govaerts
- Clinopodium pilosum J.R.I.Wood
- Clinopodium piperitum (D.Don) Murata
- Clinopodium plicatulum (Epling) Govaerts
- Clinopodium polycephalum (Vaniot) C.Y.Wu & S.J.Hsuan
- Clinopodium pomelianum Kuntze
- Clinopodium procumbens (Greenm.) Harley
- Clinopodium pulchellum (Kunth) Govaerts
- Clinopodium pulegium (Rochel) Bräuchler
- Clinopodium rankiniae I.E.Méndez
- Clinopodium revolutum (Ruiz & Pav.) Govaerts
- Clinopodium robustum (Hook.f.) Ryding
- Clinopodium rouyanum (Briq.) Govaerts
- Clinopodium sandalioticum (Bacch. & Brullo) Bacch. & Brullo ex Peruzzi & F.Conti
- Clinopodium sardoum (Asch. & Levier) Peruzzi & F.Conti
- Clinopodium schusteri (Urb.) Govaerts
- Clinopodium selerianum (Loes.) Govaerts
- Clinopodium sericeum (C.Presl ex Benth.) Govaerts
- Clinopodium sericifolium (Epling & Játiva) Govaerts
- Clinopodium serpyllifolium (M.Bieb.) Kuntze
- Clinopodium shaofengkouensis S.S.Ying
- Clinopodium simense (Benth.) Kuntze
- Clinopodium sirnakense (Firat & Akçiçek) Firat & Bräuchler
- Clinopodium soczavae Melnikov
- Clinopodium speciosum (Hook.) Govaerts
- Clinopodium sphenophyllum (Epling) Govaerts
- Clinopodium striatum (Ruiz & Pav.) Govaerts
- Clinopodium suaveolens (Sm.) Kuntze
- Clinopodium suborbiculare (Alain) Greuter & R.Rankin
- Clinopodium syriacum Melnikov
- Clinopodium tauricola (P.H.Davis) Govaerts
- Clinopodium taxifolium (Kunth) Govaerts
- Clinopodium taygeteum (P.H.Davis) Bräuchler
- Clinopodium tenellum (Epling) Harley
- Clinopodium tomentosum (Kunth) Govaerts
- Clinopodium troodi (Post) Govaerts
- Clinopodium uhligii (Gürke) Ryding
- Clinopodium umbrosum (M.Bieb.) K.Koch
- Clinopodium vanum (Epling) Harley & A.Granda
- Clinopodium vardarense (ilic) Govaerts
- Clinopodium vargasii (Epling & Mathias) Govaerts
- Clinopodium vernayanum (Brenan) Ryding
- Clinopodium vimineum (L.) Kuntze
- Clinopodium vulgare L.
- Clinopodium wardii (C.Marquand & Airy Shaw) Bräuchler
- Clinopodium weberbaueri (Mansf.) Govaerts
Clinopodium L. appears in other Kew resources:
Date | Reference | Identified As | Barcode | Type Status | Has image? |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Tweedie, E.M. [811], Kenya | Calamintha | 2733.000 | No | ||
Jones [4467], Ethiopia | Calamintha | 60203.000 | No |
First published in Sp. Pl.: 587 (1753)
Accepted by
- Davidse, G. & al. (eds.) (2012). Flora Mesoamericana 4(2): 1-533. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México, D.F.
- Govaerts, R. (1999). World Checklist of Seed Plants 3(1, 2a & 2b): 1-1532. MIM, Deurne.
- Govaerts, R. (2003). World Checklist of Selected Plant Families Database in ACCESS: 1-216203. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
- Ryding, O. (2006). Revision of Clinopodium simense group (Labiatae) Kew Bulletin 61: 419-432.
- Wood, J.R.I. (2011). Clinopodium L. (Lamiaceae) in Bolivia Kew Bulletin 66: 199-226.
Literature
Flora of Somalia
- Flora Somalia, (2000) Author: by O. Ryding [updated by M. Thulin 2008]
Flora of Tropical East Africa
- Gen. Pl., ed. 5.: 256 (1754)
- J.L.S. 150: 391–408 (2006)
- K.B. 61: 419–432 (2006)
- Kubitzki, Fam. Gen. Vasc. Pl. 7: 241 (2004)
- Sp. Pl.: 587 (1753)
Lamiaceae Key Genus Fact Sheets
- Cantino & Wagstaff, Brittonia 50: 63-70 (1998)
- Clinopodium L., Sp. Pl. 2: 587 (1753)
- Harley & Granda Paucar, Kew Bull. 55: 917-927 (2000).
- Harley RM, Atkins S, Budantsev AL, Cantino PD, Conn BJ, Grayer R, Harley MM, de Kok RPJ, Krestovskaja T, Morales R, Paton AJ, Ryding O, and Upson T. 2004. Labiatae, in The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants (K. Kubitzki, ed. in chief) VI: 167-275. Sp
- L., Gen. Pl. ed. 5: 256 (1754)
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Flora of Somalia
Flora of Somalia
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0
-
Flora of Tropical East Africa
Flora of Tropical East Africa
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0
-
Herbarium Catalogue Specimens
-
Kew Backbone Distributions
The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families 2022. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/
© Copyright 2017 World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0
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Kew Names and Taxonomic Backbone
The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families 2022. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/
© Copyright 2017 International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0
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Lamiaceae Key Genus Fact Sheets
Nina Davies, Gemma Bramley and Don Kirkup, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0