- Family:
- Malvaceae Juss.
Gossypium L.
[FZ]
Malvaceae, A. W. Exell. Flora Zambesiaca 1:2. 1961
- Morphology General Habit
- Small trees, shrubs, shrublets or perennial herbs dotted everywhere with black oil-glands.
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers
- Flowers in 1-several-flowered sympodial inflorescences.
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Epicalyx
- Epicalyx of 3 usually foliaceous and persistent bracts.
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Calyx
- Calyx cupuliform, truncate.
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Gynoecium Pistil
- Ovary 3–5-locular; style clavate (with coherent stigmas) rarely slightly divided at the tip.
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits
- Capsule loculicidally dehiscent; loculi several (rarely 2)-seeded.
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Seeds
- Seeds usually with floss (or lint) and often also with fuzz (a shorter denser indumentum), sometimes nearly glabrous.
- Cytology
- Chromosome number: n=13 or 26.
[FTEA]
Malvaceae, Bernard Verdcourt & Geoffrey Mwachala. Pavonia, B Verdcourt; Kosteletzkya, OJ Blanchard Jr.; Gossypium, P Fryxell & B Verdcourt. Flora of Tropical East Africa. 2009
- Morphology General Habit
- Shrubs or subshrubs, erect or decumbent to prostrate, or small to medium-sized trees, usually ± punctate throughout
- Morphology Leaves
- Leaves usually entire (serrate in one species), shallowly lobulate to deeply palmately 3–7-lobed, palmately or pedately 3–7-veined; foliar nectaries 1–5, abaxially on principal veins; stipules filiform, persistent or caducous
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers
- Flowers borne singly or clustered on axillary pedicel or several on lateral inflorescences; pedicel usually surmounted by trimerous nectaries
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Epicalyx
- Epicalyx of 3 bracts, usually persistent in fruit
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Calyx
- Calyx truncate, 5-toothed, or deeply 5-lobed, often prominently punctate
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Corolla
- Petals often large and showy
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Androecium Stamens
- Staminal column antheriferous throughout length or only in upper half
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Gynoecium Style
- Style clavate, stigmatic surfaces 3–5-lobed
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits
- Capsule 3–5-locular, often prominently punctate, dehiscent and opening slightly or flaring widely
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Seeds
- Seeds 1–several per locule, usually free but sometimes ± coherent into a single unit for each locule; usually comose, sometimes minutely puberulent or glabrous, turbinate; seed hairs white to various shades of brown, copious, 1–3 cm long, usually crimped but patent in two species
- Morphology General
- Chromosome numbers: 2 n = 26, 52.
[FSOM]
M. Thulin et al. Flora of Somalia, Vol. 1-4 [updated 2008] https://plants.jstor.org/collection/FLOS
- Morphology General Habit
- Perennial herbs, shrubs or small trees, usually conspicuously gland-dotted
- Morphology Leaves
- Leaves entire to deeply lobed; stipules filiform to ovate
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences
- Flowers in axillary 1–few-flowered cymes
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Epicalyx
- Epicalyx of 3 subulate to broadly ovate-cordate entire to dentate or laciniate bracts
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Calyx
- Calyx truncate to 5-lobed, usually with irregularly scattered black glands
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Gynoecium Ovary
- Ovary 3–5-celled, each cell with 1–many ovules; style club-shaped
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits
- Fruit a loculicidal capsule
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Seeds
- Seeds glabrous, with brownish hairs (fuzz), and/or with a white cottony floss (lint).
- Distribution
- Some 50 species in the tropics and subtropics.
[FSOM]
- Use
- Some species are widely cultivated for their lint, which is the raw material for cotton, and for their seed oils.
Native to:
Afghanistan, Angola, Arizona, Aruba, Botswana, Brazil North, Brazil Northeast, Burkina, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Caprivi Strip, Chad, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Fiji, French Guiana, Galápagos, Guatemala, Guyana, Hawaii, Honduras, India, Iran, Kenya, KwaZulu-Natal, Lebanon-Syria, Lesser Sunda Is., Mali, Marianas, Marquesas, Mauritania, Mexican Pacific Is., Mexico Central, Mexico Gulf, Mexico Northeast, Mexico Northwest, Mexico Southeast, Mexico Southwest, Mozambique, Namibia, Netherlands Antilles, New South Wales, Nicaragua, Niger, Northern Provinces, Northern Territory, Oman, Pakistan, Peru, Queensland, Samoa, Society Is., Somalia, South Australia, Southwest Caribbean, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Swaziland, Tanzania, Tuamotu, Uganda, Venezuela, Venezuelan Antilles, Victoria, Wake I., Western Australia, Yemen, Zimbabwe
Introduced into:
Alabama, Albania, Aldabra, Andaman Is., Ascension, Assam, Bahamas, Bangladesh, Belize, Benin, Bolivia, Borneo, Brazil South, Brazil Southeast, Brazil West-Central, Bulgaria, California, Cambodia, Canary Is., Caroline Is., Cayman Is., Central African Repu, Chagos Archipelago, Chile Central, Chile North, China North-Central, China South-Central, China Southeast, Christmas I., Comoros, Cook Is., Cuba, East Himalaya, Egypt, Florida, Gabon, Gambia, Georgia, Ghana, Greece, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Gulf of Guinea Is., Hainan, Haiti, Illinois, Iraq, Italy, Jamaica, Kazakhstan, Kriti, Laccadive Is., Laos, Leeward Is., Liberia, Louisiana, Maldives, Marshall Is., Massachusetts, Mauritius, Mississippi, Missouri, Mozambique Channel I, Nauru, Nepal, New Caledonia, New Mexico, New York, Nicobar Is., Nigeria, North Carolina, Oklahoma, Pitcairn Is., Puerto Rico, Rodrigues, Romania, Réunion, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Seychelles, Sicilia, Sierra Leone, Socotra, South Carolina, Spain, St.Helena, Tadzhikistan, Taiwan, Texas, Thailand, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad-Tobago, Tubuai Is., Turkmenistan, Turks-Caicos Is., Uzbekistan, Vietnam, Virginia, Windward Is., Xinjiang, Zaïre
- Gossypium anapoides J.M.Stewart, Craven, Brubaker & Wendel
- Gossypium anomalum Wawra & Peyr.
- Gossypium arboreum L.
- Gossypium areysianum Deflers
- Gossypium aridum (Rose & Standl.) Skovst.
- Gossypium australe F.Muell.
- Gossypium barbadense L.
- Gossypium bickii (F.M.Bailey) Prokh.
- Gossypium bricchettii (Ulbr.) Vollesen
- Gossypium californicum Mauer
- Gossypium contextum O.F.Cook & J.W.Hubb.
- Gossypium costulatum Tod.
- Gossypium cunninghamii Tod.
- Gossypium darwinii G.Watt
- Gossypium dicladum O.F.Cook & J.W.Hubb.
- Gossypium ekmanianum Wittm.
- Gossypium enthyle Fryxell, Craven & J.M.Stewart
- Gossypium exiguum Fryxell, Craven & J.M.Stewart
- Gossypium gossypioides (Ulbr.) Standl.
- Gossypium harknessii Brandegee
- Gossypium herbaceum L.
- Gossypium hirsutum L.
- Gossypium hypadenum O.F.Cook & J.W.Hubb.
- Gossypium incanum (O.Schwartz) Hillc.
- Gossypium irenaeum Lewton
- Gossypium klotzschianum Andersson
- Gossypium laxum L.Ll.Phillips
- Gossypium lobatum Gentry
- Gossypium londonderriense Fryxell, Craven & J.M.Stewart
- Gossypium longicalyx J.B.Hutch. & B.J.S.Lee
- Gossypium marchantii Fryxell, Craven & J.M.Stewart
- Gossypium morrilli O.F.Cook & J.W.Hubb.
- Gossypium mustelinum Miers ex G.Watt
- Gossypium nelsonii Fryxell
- Gossypium nobile Fryxell, Craven & J.M.Stewart
- Gossypium patens O.F.Cook & J.W.Hubb.
- Gossypium pilosum Fryxell
- Gossypium populifolium (Benth.) F.Muell. ex Tod.
- Gossypium pulchellum (C.A.Gardner) Fryxell
- Gossypium raimondii Ulbr.
- Gossypium robinsonii F.Muell.
- Gossypium rotundifolium Fryxell, Craven & J.M.Stewart
- Gossypium schwendimanii Fryxell & S.D.Koch
- Gossypium somalense (Gürke) J.B.Hutch., Silow & S.G.Stephens
- Gossypium stephensii J.P.Gallagher, C.E.Grover & Wendel
- Gossypium stocksii Mast.
- Gossypium sturtianum (R.Br.) J.H.Willis
- Gossypium thurberi Tod.
- Gossypium timorense Prokh.
- Gossypium tomentosum Nutt. ex Seem.
- Gossypium trifurcatum Vollesen
- Gossypium trilobum (DC.) Skovst.
- Gossypium triphyllum (Haw.) Hochr.
- Gossypium turneri Fryxell
- Gossypium vollesenii Fryxell
Gossypium L. appears in other Kew resources:
| Date | Reference | Identified As | Barcode | Type Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Maas, P.J.M. [363], Brazil | K001220099 | |||
| s.coll. [10] | K001220106 | |||
| Dorr, L.J. [7651], Venezuela | K001220100 | |||
| s.coll. [22] | K001220107 | |||
| s.coll. [s.n.] | K001220105 | |||
| s.coll. [s.n.] | K001220101 | |||
| s.coll. [1] | K001220104 | |||
| s.coll. [41] | K001220103 | |||
| s.coll. [41] | K001220109 | |||
| s.coll. [18] | K001220108 | |||
| s.coll. [24] | K001220102 |
First published in Sp. Pl.: 693 (1753)
Accepted by
- Govaerts, R. (2003). World Checklist of Seed Plants Database in ACCESS G: 1-40325.
Literature
Flora of West Tropical Africa
- J. B. Hutchinson, Silow & Stephens, The Evolution of Gossypium (1947)
- Roberty in Candollea 13: 9–165 (1950). (See Appendix, p. 122.)
- Roberty in Candollea 9: 19–103 (1942)
- Watt in Kew Bull. 1926: 193–210
- Watt in Kew Bull. 1927: 321–356
- Wouters in Publ. I.N.É.A.C., Sér. Sci. 34 (1948)
- see also Watt, Wild & Cultivated Cotton Pl. (1907)
- —F.T.A. 1: 210
Flora Zambesiaca
- Gen. Pl. ed. 5: 309 (1754).
- J. B. Hutch. in Hutch., Silow & Stephens, Evol. Gossyp.: 14 (1947).
- Sp. Pl. 2: 693 (1753)
Flora of Somalia
- Flora Somalia, Vol 2, (1999) Author: by M. Thulin [updated by M. Thulin 2008]
- Fryxell in Rheedea 2(2): 108–165 (1992)
- Fryxell, The natural history of the cotton tribe (1980)
- Vollesen in Kew Bull. 42: 337–349 (1987).
Flora of Tropical East Africa
- K.B. 42: 337–349 (1987)
- L, Gen. Pl. ed. 5: 309 (1754)
- Sp. Pl.: 693 (1753)
-
Art and Illustrations in Digifolia
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Flora of Somalia
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Flora of Tropical East Africa
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Kew Names and Taxonomic Backbone
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© Copyright 2017 International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0