- Family:
- Gentianaceae Juss.
Centaurium Hill
[FIQ]
Ghazanfar, S. A. & Edmondson, J. R (Eds). (2014) Flora of Iraq, Volume 5 Part 2: Lythraceae to Campanulaceae.
- Morphology General Habit
- Erect or diffuse annual or perennial herbs
- Morphology Leaves
- Leaves opposite, sessile, sometimes forming a basal rosette
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences
- Inflorescence cymose, laxly to densely corymbose or spiciform
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers
- Flowers pink or yellow
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Calyx
- Calyx tubular, 5- or rarely 4-lobed, lobes keeled
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Corolla
- Corolla tube short or elongated, limb 5- or rarely 4-lobed, lobes spreading
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Androecium Stamens
- Stamens 5, rarely 4, inserted in the corolla tube
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Androecium Stamens Anthers
- Anthers ± exserted, linear-oblong, becoming twisted
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Gynoecium Ovary
- Ovary 1-locular
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Gynoecium Style
- Style filiform
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Gynoecium Stigma
- Stigma 2-lobed
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits
- Capsule narrowly oblong, 2-valved
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Seeds
- Seeds numerous, reticulate.
- Note
- Centaurium, so called, as Cantaurea, in Hippocrates after the Centaur, Chiron, reputed to have had great knowledge of herbs and, according to Pliny, to have discovered its medicinal properties. Centaury, Feverwort. No common name recorded in Iraq but the genus and others of the family have been referred to in Arabic literature as QANTARĪYA (Sharif, 1928), QANTARŶŪN (Bedevian,1936) and KANTARIYAN (Hooper & Field, 1937).
[FSOM]
M. Thulin et al. Flora of Somalia, Vol. 1-4 [updated 2008] https://plants.jstor.org/collection/FLOS
- Morphology General Habit
- Annual or perennial herbs; stems angular
- Morphology Leaves
- Leaves sessile, the basal ones often forming rosettes
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers
- Flowers usually in dichasial cymes, sometimes contracted into head- or spike-like inflorescences, or flowers rarely solitary
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Calyx
- Calyx (4–)5-lobed; lobes narrow, keeled on the back, almost free or forming a short tube
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Corolla
- Corolla (4–)5-lobed; tube cylindric. Stamens (4–)5; filaments filiform, inserted at apex of the corolla-tube; anthers exserted, without glands
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Gynoecium Ovary
- Ovary 1-celled; ovules numerous; style filiform, exserted, 2-branched at the apex, with capitate to oblong stigma-lobes
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits
- Capsule oblong, 2-valved
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Seeds
- Seeds minute,±oblong or subglobose.
- Distribution
- Genus of some 30 species, mainly in the northern hemisphere.
Doubtfully present in:
Bolivia
Native to:
Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Altay, Argentina South, Austria, Azores, Baleares, Baltic States, Bangladesh, Belarus, Belgium, Bulgaria, Canary Is., Cape Verde, Central European Rus, Chad, Chile Central, Chile North, Chile South, China North-Central, China Southeast, Corse, Cyprus, Czechoslovakia, Denmark, Djibouti, East Aegean Is., East European Russia, Egypt, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Finland, France, Germany, Great Britain, Greece, Gulf States, Hainan, Hungary, India, Inner Mongolia, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Italy, Kazakhstan, Kirgizstan, Kriti, Krym, Lebanon-Syria, Libya, Madeira, Mali, Manchuria, Mauritania, Mexican Pacific Is., Mexico Northwest, Mongolia, Morocco, Nepal, Netherlands, Niger, North Caucasus, North European Russi, Northwest European R, Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Palestine, Peru, Poland, Portugal, Qinghai, Romania, Sardegna, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Sicilia, Sinai, Socotra, Somalia, South European Russi, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Tadzhikistan, Taiwan, Transcaucasus, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkey-in-Europe, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, Uzbekistan, Vietnam, West Himalaya, West Siberia, Western Sahara, Xinjiang, Yemen, Yugoslavia
Introduced into:
Alabama, Argentina Northeast, Argentina Northwest, Bermuda, Brazil South, Brazil Southeast, British Columbia, California, Colorado, Connecticut, Costa Rica, Delaware, Ecuador, Falkland Is., Georgia, Hawaii, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Jamaica, Juan Fernández Is., Leeward Is., Louisiana, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Mauritius, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Montana, Nebraska, New Brunswick, New Jersey, New South Wales, New York, New Zealand North, New Zealand South, Newfoundland, Norfolk Is., North Carolina, Northern Territory, Nova Scotia, Ohio, Ontario, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Primorye, Queensland, Québec, Rhode I., Réunion, South Australia, South Dakota, Tasmania, Texas, Uruguay, Vermont, Victoria, Virginia, Washington, West Virginia, Western Australia, Windward Is., Wisconsin, Wyoming
- Centaurium ameghinoi (Speg.) Druce
- Centaurium × aschersonianum (Seemen) Hegi
- Centaurium barrelieroides Pau
- Centaurium bianoris (Sennen) Sennen
- Centaurium cachanlahuen (Molina) B.L.Rob.
- Centaurium capense C.R.Broome
- Centaurium centaurioides (Roxb.) S.R.Rao & Hemadri
- Centaurium chloodes (Brot.) Samp.
- Centaurium × cicekii Yild. & Yaprak
- Centaurium cochinchinense (Spreng.) Druce
- Centaurium compar (R.Br.) Druce
- Centaurium erythraea Rafn
- Centaurium favargeri Zeltner
- Centaurium flexuosum (Maire) J.-P.Lebrun & Marais
- Centaurium intermedium (Wheldon) Druce
- Centaurium × jolivetinum (P.Fourn.) P.Fourn.
- Centaurium × litardierei Ronniger ex Litard.
- Centaurium littorale (Turner) Gilmour
- Centaurium mairei Zeltner
- Centaurium malzacianum Maire
- Centaurium maritimum (L.) Fritsch
- Centaurium minutissimum Maire
- Centaurium portense (Brot.) Butcher
- Centaurium pulchellum (Sw.) Hayek ex Hand.-Mazz., Stadlm., Janch. & Faltis
- Centaurium quadrifolium (L.) G.López & C.E.Jarvis
- Centaurium rigualii Esteve
- Centaurium scilloides (L.f.) Samp.
- Centaurium serpentinicola Carlström
- Centaurium tenuiflorum (Hoffmanns. & Link) Fritsch
Centaurium Hill appears in other Kew resources:
| Date | Reference | Identified As | Barcode | Type Status | Has image? |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rico, L. [1937], Morocco | K000564881 | No |
First published in Brit. Herb.: 62 (1756)
Accepted by
- Govaerts, R. (1999). World Checklist of Seed Plants 3(1, 2a & 2b): 1-1532. MIM, Deurne.
Literature
Flora of West Tropical Africa
- Brit. Herb. 62 (1756)
Flora of Iraq
- Hill, Brit. Herb. 62 (1756).
- L.C. Rich. in Pers., Syn. 1: 283 (1805).
Flora of Somalia
- Flora Somalia, Vol 3, (2006) Author: by M. Thulin [updated by M. Thulin 2008]
-
Flora of Iraq
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0
-
Flora of Somalia
Flora of Somalia
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0
-
Herbarium Catalogue Specimens
-
Kew Backbone Distributions
The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families 2022. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/
© Copyright 2017 World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0
-
Kew Names and Taxonomic Backbone
The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families 2022. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/
© Copyright 2017 International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0