Acanthaceae

Lepidagathis Willd.

First published in Sp. Pl., ed. 4. 3: 400 (1800)
This genus is accepted
The native range of this genus is Tropics & Subtropics.

Distribution

Native to:

Andaman Is., Angola, Argentina Northwest, Assam, Bangladesh, Belize, Benin, Bolivia, Borneo, Botswana, Brazil North, Brazil Northeast, Brazil South, Brazil Southeast, Brazil West-Central, Burkina, Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, China South-Central, China Southeast, Colombia, Congo, Costa Rica, Cuba, Djibouti, Dominican Republic, DR Congo, East Himalaya, Ecuador, El Salvador, Eritrea, Eswatini, Ethiopia, French Guiana, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Hainan, Haiti, Honduras, India, Ivory Coast, Jawa, Kenya, KwaZulu-Natal, Laos, Leeward Is., Lesser Sunda Is., Liberia, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaya, Mali, Maluku, Mauritania, Mexico Central, Mexico Gulf, Mexico Southeast, Mexico Southwest, Mozambique, Myanmar, Namibia, Nansei-shoto, Nepal, New Guinea, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Northern Provinces, Oman, Pakistan, Panamá, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Puerto Rico, Rwanda, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Solomon Is., Somalia, Sri Lanka, Sudan-South Sudan, Suriname, Taiwan, Tanzania, Thailand, Trinidad-Tobago, Uganda, Venezuela, Vietnam, West Himalaya, Windward Is., Yemen, Zambia, Zimbabwe

Synonyms

Heterotypic Synonyms

Accepted Species

Classification

Kew's Tree of Life Explorer

Discover the flowering plant tree of life and the genomic data used to build it.

View the Tree of Life
PAFTOL

Publications

POWO follows these authorities in accepting this name:

  • Govaerts, R., Nic Lughadha, E., Black, N., Turner, R. & Paton, A. (2021). The World Checklist of Vascular Plants, a continuously updated resource for exploring global plant diversity. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-021-00997-6. Scientific Data 8: 215.

Kew Bulletin

  • Acosta, S. (1985). Algunas espécies interessantes de la família Acanthaceae en México. Phytologia 57: 249 – 260.
  • Balkwill, M. J. & Balkwill, K. (1997). Delimitation and infra-generic classification of Barleria (Acanthaceae). Kew Bull. 52: 535 – 573.
  • Benoist, R. (1911). Les genres Lepidagathis et Lophostachys sont-ils distincts? Notul. Syst. (Paris) 2: 139 – 144.
  • Bentham, G. (1876). Acanthaceae. In: G. Bentham & W. J. Hooker (eds.), Genera Plantarum vol. 2: 1060 – 1122. Reeve & Co., Williams & Norgate, London.
  • Brako, L. & Wasshausen, D. C. (1993). Acanthaceae. In: L. Brako & J. L. Zarucchi (eds.), Catalogue of the Flowering Plants and Gymnosperms of Peru: 2 – 15. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis.
  • Bremekamp, C. E. B. (1938). Notes on the Acanthaceae of Surinam. Recueil Trav. Bot. Néerl. 35: 129 – 176.
  • Brummit, R. K. (1989). Two anisophyllous species of Justicia (Acanthaceae) from East Africa. Kew Bull. 45: 281 – 285.
  • Burkill, I. H. & Clarke, C. B. (1899). Acanthaceae. In: W. T. T. Dyer (ed.), Flora of Tropical Africa v. 5: 2 – 192. L. Reeve & Co. London.
  • Clarke, C. B. (1885). Acanthaceae. In: J. D. Hooker (ed.), Flora of British India vol. 4: 513 – 558. L. Reeve & Co. London.
  • Daniel, T. F. (1993). A Synopsis of Lophostachys (Acanthaceae) in Mexico and Central America. Selbyana 14: 64 – 70.
  • Donnell Smith, J. (1901). Undescribed plants from Guatemala and other Central American Republics XXII. Bot. Gaz. 31: 109 – 125.
  • Ezcurra, C. (1993). Acanthaceae. In: A. Cabrera (ed.), Flora de la Provincia de Jujuy, parte IX: 278 – 359. INTA, Buenos Aires.
  • Gibson, D. N. (1974). Flora of Guatemala. Acanthaceae. Fieldiana Bot. 21: 328 – 461.
  • Hedrén, M. (1993). A new species of Lepidagathis (Acanthaceae) from central Somalia and the demise of Lindauea. Nordic J. Bot. 13 (5): 515 – 518.
  • Huang, T. C. (1972). Pollen Floras of Taiwan. National Taiwan University. Botany Department Press. Taipei.
  • Leonard, E. C. (1951). The Acanthaceae of Colombia. Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 31: 1 – 781.
  • Lindau, G. (1895). Acanthaceae. In: A. Engler & K. Prantl (eds), Die Natürlichen Pflanzenfamilien nebst ihren Gattungen und wichtigeren Arten, insbesondere den Nutzflanzen, unter Mitwirkung zahlreicher hervorragender Fachgelehrten begründet Teil 4 abt. 3b: 274 – 354. Leipzig.
  • Manktelow, M. (1996). Phaulopsis (Acanthaceae) — a monograph. Symb. Bot. Upsal. 31: 1 – 184.
  • McDade, L. A., Daniel, T. F., Kiel, C. A. & Vollesen, K. (2005). Phylogenetic relationships among Acantheae (Acanthaceae): Major lineages present contrasting patterns of molecular evolution and morphological differentiation. Syst. Bot. 30: 834 – 862.
  • Nees, C. G. (1832). Acanthaceae. In: N. Wallich (ed.), Plantae asiaticae rariores v. 3: 70 – 117. Treuttel & Würz. London.
  • Pohl, J. E. (1831). Plantarum Brasiliae: icones et descriptione vol. 2, pars 3. Vienna.
  • Raj, B. (1961). Pollen morphological studies in the Acanthaceae. Grana 3: 3 – 108.
  • Rowbik, D. W. & Moreno, P. J. E. (1991). Pollen and spores of Barro Colorado Island. Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 36: 1 – 268.
  • Scotland, R. W., Sweere, J. A., Reeves, P. A. & Olmstead, R. G. (1995). Higher-level systematics of Acanthaceae determined by chloroplast DNA sequences. Amer. J. Bot. 82: 266 – 275.
  • Wasshausen, D. C. (1995). Acanthaceae. Pp. 335 – 374. In: J. A. Steyermark, P. E. Berry & B. K. Holst (eds.), Flora of the Venezuelan Guyana v. 2: Pteridophytes, Spermatophytes: Acanthaceae – Araceae. Timber Press, Portland.
  • Weberling, F. (1989). Morphology of Flowers and Inflorescences. Cambridge University Press.
  • Willdenow, C. L. (1800). Species Plantarum 4 ed. vol. 3. Berlin.
  • ____ & Vollesen, K. (2000). Classification of Acanthaceae. Kew Bull. 55: 513 – 589.
  • ____ & Wood, J. R. I. (2004). Acanthaceae of Bolivia. Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 49: 1 – 152.
  • ____ (1847a). Acanthaceae. In: K. F. P. von Martius & A. G. Eichler (eds.), Flora Brasiliensis 9: 1 – 164; tab. 1 – 31. Berlin.
  • ____ (1847b). Acanthaceae. In: A. L. P. P. de Candolle (ed.), Prodomus Systematis Naturalis Regni Vegetabilis vol. 11: 46 – 519. Treuttel & Würz. Paris.
  • ____ (1959). The Machris Brazilian expedition. Botany: Phanerogamae, Acanthaceae. Contr. Sci. 32: 3 – 19.
  • ____ (1960). New Bornean Acanthaceae. Blumea 10: 151 – 175.
  • ____ (1965). Delimitation and subdivision of the Acanthaceae. Bull. Bot. Surv. India 7: 21 – 30.
  • ____ (1995). New and reconsidered Mexican Acanthaceae VI. Chiapas. Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci. 48: 253 – 282.
  • ____ (1998). Pollen Morphology of Mexican Acanthaceae: Diversity and Systematic Significance. Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci. 50: 217 – 256.
  • ____, McDade, L. A., Oxelman, B., Furness, C. A. & Balkwill, M.-J. (2001). The Enigmatic tribe Whitfieldieae (Acanthaceae): Delimitation and Phylogenetic relationships based on molecular and morphological data. Syst. Bot. 26: 104 – 119.

Flora of West Tropical Africa

  • —F.T.A. 5: 120.

Flora Zambesiaca

  • Sp. Pl., ed.4: 400 (1800).
  • —Nees in De Candolle, Prodr. 11: 249 (1847).

Flora of Somalia

  • Flora Somalia, (2000) Author: by M. Hedrén [updated by M. Thulin 2008]

Other Data

Other Kew resources that provide information on this taxon:

Date Reference Identified As Barcode Type Status Has image?
Mar 14, 2017 Cuming [1148] Philippines K000939446 No
Aug 1, 2009 Etuge, M. [5204] Cameroon K000023342 No
Apr 1, 2009 Middleton, D.J. [2729] Thailand K000610553 No
Jul 1, 2008 Cheek, M. [7921 B] Cameroon K000518916 No
Jul 1, 2008 Schoenenberger, J. [132] Cameroon K000518917 No
Mar 1, 2008 Tweedie [1370A] Kenya K:SPC-17160.000 No
Nov 25, 2003 Dauni, P.G., et al. [143642] Malaysia K000184395 No
Oct 1, 1998 Cheek, M. [8850] Cameroon K000936064 Yes
Jan 1, 1995 Gereau, R.E. [5646] Cameroon K000029395 No
May 11, 1905 s.coll. [1666] Philippines K000950081 Unknown Type Material Yes
Mar 24, 1897 K000394902 Unknown Type Material Yes
Milne-Redhead, E.; Taylor, P. [10493] Tanzania K:SPC-02908.000 No
Tuley, P. [5003] Cameroon K000029391 No
Richards, H.M. (Mrs); Arasululu, S. [26234] Tanzania K004592798 Yes
Bidgood, G.S.; Leliyo, G.; Vollesen, K.B. [4746] Tanzania K004592800 Yes
Onjalalaina, G. E.; Rabarijaona, N. R.; Ramahovelo; Tsisahira, M. [OLG 630] Madagascar K001036906 Yes
Schimper [44] Ethiopia K000394903 Unknown Type Material Yes
Kurz, S. [2142] Burma K000950045 Unknown Type Material Yes
Lovett, J.; Lovett, J. [2263] Tanzania K004592805 Yes
Richards, H.M. (Mrs) [19694] Tanzania K004592795 Yes
Milne-Redhead, E.; Taylor, P. [9569] Tanzania K:SPC-02907.000 No
Schweinfurth, G. [2794] Sudan K000394796 Type Yes
Merrill, E.D. [804] Philippines K004592050 Yes
Sandwith, N.Y. [1545] Guyana K000534481 Type Yes
Robinson, C.B. [6726] Philippines K004592049 Yes
Wallich, N. [Cat. no. s.n.] Burma K001132509 Unknown Type Material Yes
Merrill, E.D. [728] Philippines K004592048 Yes
Ule, E. [5851] Brazil K001032842 Yes
Watermeyer, A.M. [135] Tanzania K:SPC-24881.000 No
Napper, D. [887] Tanzania K004592804 Yes
Martius [s.n.] Brazil K000534480 Unknown Type Material Yes
Chancellor, R.J. [244] Uganda K:SPC-04276.000 No
Lovett, J.; Keeley, P. [903] Tanzania K004592806 Yes
Bidgood, G.S.; Leliyo, G.; Vollesen, K.B. [7376] Tanzania K004592797 Yes
Richards, H.M. (Mrs); Arasululu, S. [26234] Tanzania K004592799 Yes
Thomas, D.W. [2659] Cameroon K000029394 No
Gillett, J.B. [17386] Tanzania K004592802 Yes
Thulin, M.; Hedren, M.; Abdi M. Dahir [7728] Somalia K000394901 Unknown Type Material Yes
Congdon, T.C.E. [120] Tanzania K004592807 Yes
Kayombo, C.J. [346] Tanzania K004592808 Yes
Bullock, A.A. [3160] Tanzania K004592801 Yes
Watermeyer, A. [AW135] Tanzania K004592803 Yes
Ule, E. [9787] Peru K001032843 Yes

Sources

  • Flora Zambesiaca

    • Flora Zambesiaca
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Flora of Somalia

    • Flora of Somalia
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Herbarium Catalogue Specimens

    • 'The Herbarium Catalogue, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the Internet http://www.kew.org/herbcat [accessed on Day Month Year]'. Please enter the date on which you consulted the system.

  • Kew Backbone Distributions

    • The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants 2025. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and https://powo.science.kew.org/
    • © Copyright 2023 World Checklist of Vascular Plants. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

  • Kew Bulletin

    • Kew Bulletin
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Kew Names and Taxonomic Backbone

    • The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants 2025. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and https://powo.science.kew.org/
    • © Copyright 2023 International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0