Vitis vinifera L.
Distribution
Native to:
Albania, Austria, Bulgaria, Corse, Cyprus, Czechoslovakia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iran, Iraq, Italy, Kirgizstan, Krym, Lebanon-Syria, North Caucasus, Palestine, Romania, Sardegna, Sicilia, Switzerland, Tadzhikistan, Transcaucasus, Turkey, Turkey-in-Europe, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, Uzbekistan, Yugoslavia
Introduced into:
Afghanistan, Algeria, Angola, Argentina Northeast, Azores, Baleares, Bangladesh, Belgium, British Columbia, California, Canary Is., Cape Verde, Caroline Is., Chad, China North-Central, China South-Central, China Southeast, East Aegean Is., East European Russia, East Himalaya, Easter Is., Ecuador, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Gulf of Guinea Is., Idaho, India, Kazakhstan, Korea, Kriti, Laos, Libya, Madeira, Massachusetts, Morocco, New Hampshire, New York, New Zealand North, Oregon, Pakistan, Pennsylvania, Peru, Poland, Portugal, South European Russi, Spain, Tibet, Trinidad-Tobago, Tunisia, Vietnam, Washington, West Himalaya
Synonyms
Homotypic Synonyms
- Cissus vinifera (L.) Kuntze in Um die Erde: 501 (1881)
Heterotypic Synonyms
- Maerklinia viridis Bronner in Wilden Trauben Rheinthales: 13 (1857)
- Noachia macrophylla Bronner in Wilden Trauben Rheinthales: 18 (1857)
- Palatina dichotoma Bronner in Wilden Trauben Rheinthales: 13 (1857), not validly publ.
- Palatina dissecta Bronner in Wilden Trauben Rheinthales: 15 (1857), not validly publ.
- Palatina macrocarpa Bronner in Wilden Trauben Rheinthales: 15 (1857), not validly publ.
- Palatina oblonga Bronner in Wilden Trauben Rheinthales: 13 (1857), not validly publ.
- Palatina septemloba Bronner in Wilden Trauben Rheinthales: 14 (1857), not validly publ.
- Palatina sinuata Bronner in Wilden Trauben Rheinthales: 15 (1857), not validly publ.
- Palatina sylvestris Bronner in Wilden Trauben Rheinthales: 14 (1857), not validly publ.
- Palatina tilicefolia Bronner in Wilden Trauben Rheinthales: 14 (1857), not validly publ.
- Palatina wisilocensis Bronner in Wilden Trauben Rheinthales: 14 (1857), not validly publ.
- Schamsia ligustrica Bronner in Wilden Trauben Rheinthales: 18 (1857)
- Sickleria brevicirrhata Bronner in Wilden Trauben Rheinthales: 16 (1857)
- Thalesia rubrivenia Bronner in Wilden Trauben Rheinthales: 19 (1857)
- Tyrtamia revoluta Bronner in Wilden Trauben Rheinthales: 12 (1857)
- Vitis apiana Raf. in Med. Fl. 2: 140 (1830)
- Vitis apiifolia Steud. in Nomencl. Bot., ed. 2, 2: 777 (1841), not validly publ.
- Vitis apiifolia laciniosa Paul in Gard. Chron. 1867: 926 (1867)
- Vitis apyrena Schult. in J.J.Roemer & J.A.Schultes, Syst. Veg., ed. 15[bis]. 5: 300 (1819)
- Vitis bosturgaiensis Vassilcz. in Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 20: 135 (1983)
- Vitis cebennensis Jord. in C.T.A.Jordan & J.P.Fourreau, Icon. Fl. Eur. 3: 41 (1904)
- Vitis corinthiaca Raf. in Med. Fl. 2: 141 (1830)
- Vitis cylindrica Raf. in Med. Fl. 2: 141 (1830)
- Vitis densiflora A.Sav. in Compt. Rend. Assoc. Franç. Avancem. Sci. 11: 436 (1882 publ. 1883)
- Vitis farinosa Raf. in Med. Fl. 2: 140 (1830)
- Vitis gmelinii Buttler in Ber. Bot. Arbeitsgem. Südwestdeutschl. 8: 34 (2017)
- Vitis guilelmii Poit. & Turpin in Pomol. Franç. 3: t. 345 (1874)
- Vitis hyrcanica Vassilcz. in Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 20: 135 (1983)
- Vitis × kozmae Terpó in Pannóniai Területek Természetes Előfordulású Szőlő (Vitis), Tézisei: 36 (1988), not effectively publ.
- Vitis × kozmae var. zemplenica Terpó in Pannóniai Területek Természetes Előfordulású Szőlő (Vitis), Tézisei: 37 (1988), not effectively publ.
- Vitis laciniosa L. in Sp. Pl.: 203 (1753)
- Vitis laxiflora A.Sav. in Compt. Rend. Assoc. Franç. Avancem. Sci. 11: 436 (1882 publ. 1883)
- Vitis mediterranea András. in S.Jávorka, Magyar Fl.: 705 (1924)
- Vitis mensarum Poit. in Pomol. Franç. 3: ? (1873)
- Vitis moschata Poit. & Turpin in Pomol. Franç. 3: t. 130 (1874)
- Vitis praecox Poit. & Turpin in Pomol. Franç. 3: ? (1874)
- Vitis saccharina Raf. in Med. Fl. 2: 140 (1830)
- Vitis silvestris Roth in Enum. Pl. Phaen. Germ. 1(1): 746 (1827), orth. var.
- Vitis singularis Kov. in Nauchni Trudove Selskost. Inst. "Vasil Kolarov" 29: 167 (1984), contrary to Art. 40.1. ICN (2018).
- Vitis sinuosa Bosc in G.A.de Herrera, Agricultura (Bogota) 1: 326 (1818)
- Vitis subacerifolia Vassilcz. in Sovetsk. Bot. 6: 341 (1947)
- Vitis succinea Raf. in Med. Fl. 2: 140 (1830)
- Vitis sylvestris C.C.Gmel. in Fl. Bad. 1: 543 (1805), nom. illeg.
- Vitis sylvestris subsp. anebophylla (Kolen.) Vassilcz. in Fl. Iranica 74: 3 (1970)
- Vitis sylvestris var. sativa Hagenb. in Tent. Fl. Basil. 1: 216 (1821), nom. illeg.
- Vitis sylvestris subsp. trichophylla (Kolen.) Vassilcz. in Fl. Iranica 74: 3 (1970)
- Vitis tinctoria Poit. & Turpin in Pomol. Franç. 3: t. 150 (1874)
- Vitis trichophylla Vassilcz. in Sovetsk. Bot. 6: 342 (1947)
- Vitis turbinata Raf. in Med. Fl. 2: 140 (1830)
- Vitis usunachmatica Vassilcz. in Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 20: 133 (1983)
- Vitis vinifera var. acerbi Risso in Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 200 (1826)
- Vitis vinifera var. alba Risso in Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 187 (1826)
- Vitis vinifera var. albida Risso in Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 191 (1826)
- Vitis vinifera var. aleatica Risso in Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 219 (1826)
- Vitis vinifera var. alexandriae Risso in Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 207 (1826)
- Vitis vinifera var. alicantia Risso in Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 216 (1826)
- Vitis vinifera var. amarula Risso in Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 230 (1826)
- Vitis vinifera var. anebophylla Kolen. in Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 1846: 297 (1846)
- Vitis vinifera var. apiana Risso in Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 226 (1826)
- Vitis vinifera var. apiifolia Risso in Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 192 (1826)
- Vitis vinifera f. apiifolia (Risso) Rehder in Bibliogr. Cult. Trees: 443 (1949)
- Vitis vinifera var. apyrena Risso in Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 189 (1826)
- Vitis vinifera var. baccata Risso in Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 205 (1826)
- Vitis vinifera var. balbis Risso in Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 194 (1826)
- Vitis vinifera var. bauhinii Risso in Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 197 (1826)
- Vitis vinifera var. bicolor Risso in Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 191 (1826)
- Vitis vinifera var. bosciana Risso in Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 206 (1826)
- Vitis vinifera var. braquet Risso in Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 211 (1826)
- Vitis vinifera var. burdigalensis Risso in Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 225 (1826)
- Vitis vinifera var. bureli Risso in Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 231 (1826)
- Vitis vinifera var. caiana Risso in Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 216 (1826)
- Vitis vinifera var. carnosa Risso in Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 208 (1826)
- Vitis vinifera var. chaptali Risso in Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 232 (1826)
- Vitis vinifera var. columellae Risso in Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 190 (1826)
- Vitis vinifera var. compressa Risso in Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 233 (1826)
- Vitis vinifera var. corinthiaca Risso in Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 188 (1826)
- Vitis vinifera var. corniculala Risso in Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 235 (1826)
- Vitis vinifera var. corruptibilis Risso in Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 199 (1826)
- Vitis vinifera var. craveiroia Risso in Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 232 (1826)
- Vitis vinifera var. densa Risso in Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 195 (1826)
- Vitis vinifera var. domina Risso in Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 202 (1826)
- Vitis vinifera var. dulcis Risso in Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 217 (1826)
- Vitis vinifera var. duracina Risso in Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 234 (1826)
- Vitis vinifera var. erbasca Risso in Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 200 (1826)
- Vitis vinifera var. foderea Risso in Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 201 (1826)
- Vitis vinifera var. fusca Risso in Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 229 (1826)
- Vitis vinifera var. gardinelii Risso in Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 212 (1826)
- Vitis vinifera var. gargaveo Risso in Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 230 (1826)
- Vitis vinifera var. gibbosa Risso in Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 202 (1826), nom. illeg.
- Vitis vinifera var. gibbosa Risso in Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 195 (1826), nom. illeg.
- Vitis vinifera var. grisea Risso in Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 221 (1826)
- Vitis vinifera var. guillielmia Risso in Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 218 (1826)
- Vitis vinifera var. inaequalis Risso in Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 208 (1826)
- Vitis vinifera var. infumata Risso in Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 221 (1826)
- Vitis vinifera var. italica Risso in Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 189 (1826)
- Vitis vinifera var. juliana Risso in Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 190 (1826)
- Vitis vinifera var. laconiata Wallr. in Sched. Crit.: 503 (1822)
- Vitis vinifera var. lambertii Risso in Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 233 (1826)
- Vitis vinifera var. latifolia Risso in Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 201 (1826)
- Vitis vinifera var. louseleurii Risso in Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 223 (1826)
- Vitis vinifera var. luneli Risso in Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 206 (1826)
- Vitis vinifera var. macrophylla Risso in Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 199 (1826)
- Vitis vinifera var. malvasia Risso in Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 207 (1826)
- Vitis vinifera var. maroccana Risso in Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 235 (1826)
- Vitis vinifera var. massiliensis Risso in Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 228 (1826)
- Vitis vinifera var. maurillona Risso in Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 197 (1826)
- Vitis vinifera var. mediifolia Risso in Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 214 (1826)
- Vitis vinifera var. microcarpa Risso in Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 192 (1826)
- Vitis vinifera var. milleria Risso in Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 224 (1826)
- Vitis vinifera var. minuta Risso in Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 210 (1826)
- Vitis vinifera var. minuta Risso in Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 198 (1826)
- Vitis vinifera var. mollissima Risso in Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 196 (1826)
- Vitis vinifera var. mollissima Risso in Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 226 (1826)
- Vitis vinifera var. molonis Risso in Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 232 (1826)
- Vitis vinifera var. montana Risso in Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 215 (1826)
- Vitis vinifera var. morveda Risso in Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 217 (1826)
- Vitis vinifera var. muscatella Risso in Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 227 (1826)
- Vitis vinifera var. nicaensis Risso in Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 219 (1826)
- Vitis vinifera var. nigra Risso in Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 220 (1826)
- Vitis vinifera var. nodosa Risso in Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 213 (1826)
- Vitis vinifera var. normalis Kuntze in Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 132 (1891), not validly publ.
- Vitis vinifera var. orientalis Risso in Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 203 (1826)
- Vitis vinifera var. pansa Risso in Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 206 (1826)
- Vitis vinifera var. parvifolia Risso in Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 228 (1826)
- Vitis vinifera var. pedunculata Risso in Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 195 (1826)
- Vitis vinifera var. pellucida Risso in Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 205 (1826)
- Vitis vinifera var. pergulana Risso in Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 213 (1826)
- Vitis vinifera var. pinea Risso in Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 224 (1826)
- Vitis vinifera var. praecox Risso in Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 211 (1826)
- Vitis vinifera var. provincialis Risso in Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 220 (1826)
- Vitis vinifera var. pulchella Risso in Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 229 (1826)
- Vitis vinifera var. punctata Risso in Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 193 (1826)
- Vitis vinifera var. purpurea Bean in Trees & Shrubs Brit. Isles 2: 678 (1914)
- Vitis vinifera f. purpurea (Bean) Rehder in Bibliogr. Cult. Trees: 443 (1949)
- Vitis vinifera var. rara Risso in Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 212 (1826)
- Vitis vinifera var. rozieri Risso in Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 203 (1826)
- Vitis vinifera var. rubella Risso in Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 222 (1826)
- Vitis vinifera var. rubra Risso in Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 230 (1826), nom. illeg.
- Vitis vinifera var. rubra Risso in Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 209 (1826), nom. illeg.
- Vitis vinifera var. rufa Risso in Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 218 (1826)
- Vitis vinifera var. rufescens Risso in Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 193 (1826)
- Vitis vinifera var. salernitana Risso in Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 231 (1826)
- Vitis vinifera subsp. sativa Hegi in Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. 5: 365 (1925)
- Vitis vinifera var. sativa DC. in J.B.A.M.de Lamarck & A.P.de Candolle, Fl. Franç., éd. 3, 6: 857 (1815)
- Vitis vinifera var. semisylvestris Risso in Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 210 (1826)
- Vitis vinifera var. serotina Risso in Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 225 (1826)
- Vitis vinifera silvestris Vill. in Hist. Pl. Dauphiné 2: 540 (1787)
- Vitis vinifera var. smithii Risso in Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 214 (1826)
- Vitis vinifera var. sphaerica Risso in Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 193 (1826)
- Vitis vinifera var. subhirsuta Risso in Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 210 (1826)
- Vitis vinifera subsp. sylvestris (Willd.) Hegi in Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. 5: 364 (1925)
- Vitis vinifera var. sylvestris Willd. in Enum. Pl. Hort. Berol. 1: 267 (1809)
- Vitis vinifera var. tabacca Risso in Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 198 (1826)
- Vitis vinifera var. tempestiva Risso in Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 234 (1826)
- Vitis vinifera var. thouinii Risso in Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 204 (1826)
- Vitis vinifera var. tinctorialis Risso in Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 222 (1826)
- Vitis vinifera var. trichophylla Kolen. in Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 1846: 296 (1846)
- Vitis vinifera var. varronia Risso in Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 215 (1826)
- Vitis vinifera var. ventricosa Risso in Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 226 (1826)
- Vitis vinifera var. verlantina Risso in Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 223 (1826)
- Vitis vinifera var. virescens Risso in Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 196 (1826)
- Vitis vinifera var. vulgaris Risso in Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 188 (1826)
- Vitis vinifera var. wilfordiana Kuntze in Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 132 (1891)
- Zaehringia nobilis Bronner in Wilden Trauben Rheinthales: 16 (1857)
Publications
POWO follows these authorities in accepting this name:
- Abdulina, S.A. (1999). Spisok Sosudistykn Rastenii Kazakhstana: 1-187. Academy of Sciences, Almaty, Kazakhstan.
- Authier, P. & Covillot, J. (2011). Catalogue actualisé des plantes de l'île de Rhodes (Grèce). Saussurea; Travaux de la Société Botanique de Genève 41: 131-170.
- Baksh-Comeau, Y., Maharaj, S.S., Adams, C.D., Harris, S.A., Filer, D.L. & Hawthorne, W.D. (2016). An annotated checklist of the vascular plants of Trinidad and Tobago with analysis of vegetation types and botanical 'hotspots'. Phytotaxa 250: 1-431.
- Brako, L. & Zarucchi, J.L. (1993). Catalogue of the Flowering Plants and Gymnosperms of Peru. Monographs in Systematic Botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden 45: i-xl, 1-1286. Missouri Botanical Garden.
- Brundu, G. & Camarda, I. (2013). The Flora of Chad: a checklist and brief analysis. PhytoKeys 23: 1-18.
- Chang, C.S., Kim, H. & Chang, K.S. (2014). Provisional checklist of vascular plants for the Korea peninsula flora (KPF): 1-660. DESIGNPOST.
- Danin, A. & Fragman- Sapir, O. (2019). Flora of Israel Online http://flora.org.il/en/plants/.
- Dimopoulos, P., Raus, T., Bergmeier, E., Constantinidis, T., Iatrou, G., Kokkini, S., Strid, A., & Tzanoudakis, D. (2013). Vascular plants of Greece. An annotated checklist: 1-372. Botanic gardens and botanical museum Berlin-Dahlem, Berlin and Hellenic botanical society, Athens.
- Dobignard, A. & Chatelain, C. (2013). Index synonymique de la flore d'Afrique du nord 5: 1-451. Éditions des conservatoire et jardin botaniques, Genève.
- Figueiredo, E. & Smith, G.F. (2008). Plants of Angola. Strelitzia 22: 1-279. National Botanical Institute, Pretoria.
- Figueiredo, E., Paiva, J., Stévart, T., Oliveira, F. & Smith, G.F. (2011). Annotated catalogue of the flowering plants of São Tomé and Príncipe. Bothalia, A Journal of Botanical Research 41: 41-82.
- Flora of North America Editorial Committee (2016). Flora of North America North of Mexico 12: 1-603. Oxford University Press, New York, Oxford.
- Fosberg, F.R., Sachet, M.-H., Oliver, R. (1979). A geographical checklist of the Micronesian Dicotyledonae. Micronesica; Journal of the College of Guam 15: 41-295.
- Grierson, A.J.C. & Long, D.G. (2001). Flora of Bhutan 2: 1-1675. Royal Botanic Gardens, Edinburgh.
- Hansen, A. & Sunding, P. (1993). Flora of Macaronesia. Checklist of vascular plants. 4. revised edition. Sommerfeltia 17: 1-295.
- Hedberg, I. & Edwards, S. (eds.) (1989 publ. 1990). Flora of Ethiopia and Eritrea 3: 1-659. The National Herbarium, Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia & The Department of Systematic Botany, Upps.
- Jørgensen, P.M. & León-Yánez, S. (eds.) (1999). Catalogue of the Vascular Plants of Ecuador. Monographs in Systematic Botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden 75: i-viii, 1-1181. Missouri Botanical Garden.
- Komiljon, T., Natalya, B., Avazbek, B., Dilnoza, A., Ziyoviddin, Y., Deng, T. & Sun, H. (2020). Flora of the Dzhizak Province, Uzbekistan: 1-523. China Forestry Publishing House.
- Lazkov, G.A. & Sultanova, B.A. (2011). Checklist of vascular plants of Kyrgyzstan. Norrlinia 24: 1-166.
- Meikle, R.D. (1977). Flora of Cyprus 1: 1-832. The Bentham-Moxon Trust Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
- Mirek, Z., Piękoś-Mirkowa, H., Zając, A. & Zając, M (2020). Vascular plants of Poland an annotated checklist: 1-526. W. Szafer institute of botany, Polish academy of sciences, Krakow, Poland.
- Mostaph, M.K. & Uddin, S.B. (2013). Dictionary of plant names of Bangladesh, Vasc. Pl.: 1-434. Janokalyan Prokashani, Chittagong, Bangladesh.
- Muer, T., Sauerbier, H. & Cabrara Calixto, F. (2020). Die Farn- und Blütenpflanzen Madeiras: 1-792. Verlag und Versandbuchhandlung Andreas Kleinsteuber.
- Musselman, L.J. (2011). Checklist of Plants of Lebanon and Syria http://ww2.odu.edu/~lmusselm/plant/lebsyria/Checklist%20of%20Lebanon%20Plants.pdf.
- Newman, M., Ketphanh, S., Svengsuksa, B., Thomas, P., Sengdala, K., Lamxay, V. & Armstrong, K. (2007). A checklist of the vascular plants of Lao PDR: 1-394. Royal Botanic Gardens, Edinburgh.
- Ovchinnikov, P.N. (ed.) (1981). Flora Tadzhikskoi SSR 6: 1-725. Izd-vo Akademii nauk SSSR, Moskva.
- Ri͡abinina, Z.N. & Kni͡azev, M.S. (2009). Opredelitel sosudistykh rastenii Orenburgskoi oblasti: 1-757. Moskva: KMK.
- Sarder, N.U. & Hassan, M.A. (eds.) (2018). Vascular flora of Chittagong and the Chittagong Hill Tracts 3: 1-978. Bangladesh National Herbarium, Dhaka.
- Schäfer, H. (2021). Flora of the Azores a field guide: 1-445. Margraf Publishers GmbH.
- Shishkin, B.K. (ed.) (1950). Flora Turkmenii 5: 1-271. Turkmenskoe gosudarstvennoe izd., Ashkhabad.
- Singh, A. (2012). Exotic flora of the Chandauli district Uttar Pradesh, India: an overview. Indian Journal of Forestry 35: 79-84.
- Townsend, C.C. & Guest, E. (eds.) (1980). Flora of Iraq 4(1): 1-628. Ministry of Agriculture & Agrarian Reform, Baghdad.
- Tutin, T.G. & al. (eds.) (1968). Flora Europaea 2: 1-469. Cambridge University Press.
- Vassilczenko, L.T. (1970). Flora Iranica 74: 1-5. Akademische Druck- u. Verlagsanstalt, Graz.
- Vvedensky, A.I. (ed.) (1959). Flora Uzbekistana 4: 1-507. Izd-va Akademii nauk Uzbekskoi SSR, Tashkent.
- Wu, Z., Raven, P.H. & Hong, D. (eds.) (2007). Flora of China 12: 1-534. Science Press (Beijing) & Missouri Botanical Garden Press (St. Louis).
- Zizka, G. (1991). Flowering plants of Easter island. Palmarum Hortus Francofurtensis 3: 1-108.
- Zuloaga, F.O., Morrone, O. , Belgrano, M.J., Marticorena, C. & Marchesi, E. (eds.) (2008). Catálogo de las Plantas Vasculares del Cono Sur. Monographs in Systematic Botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden 107: 1-3348. Missouri Botanical Garden.
Catálogo de Plantas y Líquenes de Colombia
- Bernal, R., Gradstein, S.R. & Celis, M. (eds.). 2015. Catálogo de plantas y líquenes de Colombia. Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá. http://catalogoplantasdecolombia.unal.edu.co
Useful Plants of Boyacá Project
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Other Data
Other Kew resources that provide information on this taxon:
Date | Reference | Identified As | Barcode | Type Status | Has image? |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
May 1, 1978 | Hewer, T.F. [H4006], Iran | K000809039 | No | ||
Davis [23853], Turkey | K000809041 | No | |||
Hewer, T.F. [1365], Afghanistan | K000809042 | No | |||
Cobo, L. [s.n.], Spain | K000809037 | No | |||
Crawley, M. [380], United Kingdom | K000801176 | No |
Sources
-
Catálogo de Plantas y Líquenes de Colombia
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0
-
Colombian resources for Plants made Accessible
- ColPlantA 2021. Published on the Internet at http://colplanta.org
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
-
Herbarium Catalogue Specimens
-
IUCN Categories
- IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0
-
Kew Backbone Distributions
- The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants 2023. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and https://powo.science.kew.org/
- © Copyright 2022 World Checklist of Vascular Plants. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0
-
Kew Living Collection Database
- Common Names from Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew Living Collection https://www.kew.org/
-
Kew Names and Taxonomic Backbone
- The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants 2023. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and https://powo.science.kew.org/
- © Copyright 2022 International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0
-
Kew Science Photographs
- Copyright applied to individual images
-
Universidad Nacional de Colombia
- ColPlantA database
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0
-
Useful Plants and Fungi of Colombia
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0
-
Useful Plants of Boyacá Project
- ColPlantA database
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/