Haemodoraceae
Xiphidium

Xiphidium caeruleum Aubl.

First published in Hist. Pl. Guiane 1: 33 (1775)
This species is accepted
The native range of this species is Central Mexico to Tropical America. It is a rhizomatous geophyte and grows primarily in the seasonally dry tropical biome. It is used to treat unspecified medicinal disorders, as a medicine and has social uses.

Distribution

Native to:

Belize, Bolivia, Brazil North, Brazil Northeast, Brazil West-Central, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, French Guiana, Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Leeward Is., Mexico Central, Mexico Gulf, Mexico Southeast, Mexico Southwest, Nicaragua, Panamá, Peru, Suriname, Trinidad-Tobago, Venezuela, Windward Is.

Introduced into:

Puerto Rico

Synonyms

Homotypic Synonyms

Heterotypic Synonyms

Classification

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Publications

POWO follows these authorities in accepting this name:

  • Acevedo-Rodríguez, P. & Strong, M.T. (2005). Monocotyledons and Gymnosperms of Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands. Contributions from the United States National Herbarium 52: 1-415.
  • Acevedo-Rodríguez, P. & Strong, M.T. (2012). Catalogue of seed plants of the West Indies. Smithsonian Contributions to Botany 98: 1-1192.
  • Garcia-Mendoza, A.J. & Meave, J.A. (eds.) (2012). Diversidad florística de Oaxaca: de musgos a angiospermas (colecciones y listas de especies), ed. 2: 1-351. Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México.
  • Govaerts, R. (2004). World Checklist of Monocotyledons Database in ACCESS: 1-54382. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  • Hokche, O., Berry, P.E. & Huber, O. (eds.) (2008). Nuevo Catálogo de la Flora Vascular de Venezuela: 1-859. Fundación Instituto Botánico de Venezuela.
  • Idárraga-Piedrahita, A., Ortiz, R.D.C., Callejas Posada, R. & Merello, M. (eds.) (2011). Flora de Antioquia: Catálogo de las Plantas Vasculares 2: 1-939. Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín.
  • Nelson Sutherland, C.H. (2008). Catálogo de las plantes vasculares de Honduras. Espermatofitas: 1-1576. SERNA/Guaymuras, Tegucigalpa, Honduras.
  • Villaseñor, J.L. (2016). Checklist of the native vascular plants of Mexico. Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad 87: 559-902.

Catálogo de Plantas y Líquenes de Colombia

  • Bernal, R., Gradstein, S.R. & Celis, M. (eds.). 2015. Catálogo de plantas y líquenes de Colombia. Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá. http://catalogoplantasdecolombia.unal.edu.co

Useful Plants of Boyacá Project

  • Kew Medicinal Plant Names Services (MPNS) https://www.kew.org/science/data-and-resources/tools-and-services/medicinal-plant-names-services in The State of the World’s Plants Report–2016. (2016). Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew https://stateoftheworldsplants.or

Kew Backbone Distributions

  • Acevedo-Rodríguez, P. & Strong, M.T. (2012). Catalogue of seed plants of the West Indies. Smithsonian Contributions to Botany 98: 1-1192.
  • Villaseñor, J.L. (2016). Checklist of the native vascular plants of Mexico. Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad 87: 559-902.

Useful Plants and Fungi of Colombia

  • Bernal, R., Gradstein, S.R., & Celis, M. (eds.). (2020). Catálogo de Plantas y Líquenes de Colombia. v1.1. Universidad Nacional de Colombia. Dataset/Checklist. https://doi.org/10.15472/7avdhn
  • Diazgranados et al. (2021). Catalogue of plants of Colombia. Useful Plants and Fungi of Colombia project. In prep.
  • Diazgranados, M., Allkin, B., Black N., Cámara-Leret, R., Canteiro C., Carretero J., Eastwood R., Hargreaves S., Hudson A., Milliken W., Nesbitt, M., Ondo, I., Patmore, K., Pironon, S., Turner, R., Ulian, T. (2020). World Checklist of Useful Plant Species. Produced by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Knowledge Network for Biocomplexity.
  • GBIF.org (2021). GBIF species matching tool. https://www.gbif.org/tools/species-lookup
  • Instituto de Investigación de Recursos Biológicos Alexander von Humboldt (2015). Listado de especies de Productos No Maderables del caribe colombiano. 366 registros, aportados por: Garcia, H. (Contacto del Recurso), López Camacho, R. (Creador del recurso), Espitia Palencia, L. (Proveedor del metadatos). Versión 2.0. http://i2d.humboldt.org.co/ceiba/resource.do?r=le_bst-caribe_plantae_2015
  • Instituto de Investigación de Recursos Biológicos Alexander von Humboldt (2019). Lista de especies vedadas por la resolución 213 de 1977. 8256 especies. http://i2d.humboldt.org.co/ceiba/resource.do?r=le_plantaspriorizadas_2019
  • Medicinal Plant Names Services (MPNS) v.10 (2021); http://mpns.kew.org/

Other Data

Other Kew resources that provide information on this taxon:

Date Reference Identified As Barcode Type Status Has image?
Anderson [s.n.] Saint Vincent and the Grenadines K002916410 Yes
Holguer Lugo, S. [2543] Ecuador K002916472 Yes
Irwin, H.S.; Prance, G.T.; Soderstrom, T.R.; Holmgren, N. [54854] Suriname K002916460 Yes
Yuncker, T.G.; Koepper, J.M.; Wagner, K.A. [8397] Honduras K002916389 Yes
s.coll. [556] French Guiana K002916461 Yes
Gentle, P.H.; Lundell, C.L. [2114] Belize K002916381 Yes
Fendler [854] Trinidad and Tobago K002916415 Yes
Beckett, J.E. [s.n.] Guyana K002916440 Yes
Lewis, G.P.; Lozano, P. [2891] Ecuador K002916477 Yes
Clarke, H.D.; Watson, C.; Williams, R.; Perry, C.; Clarke, J. [6571] Guyana K002916451 Yes
Calatayud, G.; Huamantupa, I.; Suclli, E.; Cevallos, R.; Zamora, F. [4411] Peru K002916525 Yes
Mendoza, M. [535] Bolivia K002916520 Yes
[L.Mayze] [252] Panama K002916493 Yes
[illegible] [105] Dominica K002916408 Yes
Jansen-Jacobs, M.J.; ter Welle, B.J.H.; Simmons, C.; Jacobs-Brouwer, A.; James, V. [4495] Guyana K002916437 Yes
Araya, F.; Corrales, J. [433] Costa Rica K002916397 Yes
Cazalet, P.C.D.; Pennington, T.D. [7717] Ecuador K002916480 Yes
von Tuerckheim, H. [s.n.] Guatemala K002916386 Yes
Grubb, P.J.; Lloyd, J.R.; Pennington, T.D.; Whitmore, T.C. [25] Ecuador K002916479 Yes
[L. G.] [s.n.] Saint Vincent and the Grenadines K002916407 Yes
Holguer Lugo, S. [3370] Ecuador K002916470 Yes
Lörzing, J.A. [12008] Indonesia K002916529 Yes
Sandeman, C.A.W. [3399] Peru K002916486 Yes
Seibert, R.J. [384] Panama K002916499 Yes
Mathias, M.E.; Taylor, D. [5515] Peru K002916526 Yes
Holguer Lugo, S. [3830] Ecuador K002916473 Yes
Peck, M.E. [577] Belize K002916392 Yes
Steyermark, J.A.; Allen, P.H. [s.n.] Panama K002916495 Yes
Peck, M.E. [577] Belize K002916384 Yes
Jewise [s.n.] Colombia K002916506 Yes
Sandwith, N.Y. [1556] Guyana K002916442 Yes
Simmonds, N.W. [417] Trinidad and Tobago K002916412 Yes
Rivera, J. [58] El Salvador K001532267 No
Brandbyge, J.; Asanza C, E. [30331] Ecuador K002916467 Yes
Seemann [185] Nicaragua K002916393 Yes
Tate, R. [258] Nicaragua K002916391 Yes
Henkel, T.; James, R. [3874] Guyana K002916429 Yes
Seibert, R.J. [580] Panama K002916497 Yes
Steyermark, J.A. [87668] Venezuela K002916503 Yes
Skutch, A.F. [2684] Costa Rica K002916399 Yes
Lanjouw, J.; Lindeman, J.C. [948] Suriname K002916458 Yes
Comejo, X.; Bonifaz, C. [3789] Ecuador K002916478 Yes
Jenman, G.S. [2141] Guyana K002916449 Yes
Lamarck [414] K002916464 Yes
Samuels, J.A. [211] Suriname K002916457 Yes
Mexia Ynes [6443] Peru K002916484 Yes
[illegible] [s.n.] K002916502 Yes
Jansen-Jacobs, M.J.; ter Welle, B.J.H.; Sipman, H.J.M.; James, V. [3177] Guyana K002916427 Yes
Jansen-Jacobs, M.J.; ter Welle, B.J.H.; Haripersaud, P.P.; Muller, O.; van der Zee, M. [5643] Guyana K002916500 Yes
Heyde; Lux [3873] Guatemala K002916388 Yes
[H.] [14684] Mexico K002916380 Yes
Lanjouw, J.; Lindeman, J.C. [2141] Suriname K002916459 Yes
Wolstenholme, G.E. [1] Guyana K002916435 Yes
Cascante, A.; Ruiz, A.; Gómes, H. [540] Costa Rica K002916396 Yes
Jenman, G.S. [2001] Guyana K002916448 Yes
Holton, I.F. [134] K002916501 Yes
Sandwith, N.Y. [1727] Trinidad and Tobago K002916414 Yes
Umaña, G.; Chacón, R. [442] Costa Rica K002916405 Yes
White, O.E. [2331] Bolivia K002916516 Yes
Wright, C. [3258] K002916409 Yes
Lehmann, F.C. [K371] Colombia K002916514 Yes
Lehmann, F.C. [5100] Colombia K002916510 Yes
Grubb, P.J.; Lloyd, J.R.; Pennington, T.D.; Whitmore, T.C. [1465] Ecuador K002916475 Yes
Archer, W.A. [2364] Guyana K002916447 Yes
[illegible] [s.n.] Dominica K002916411 Yes
Schomburgk, R. [1312] Guyana K002916425 Yes
Lindeman, J.C.; Stoffers, A.L.; Görts-van Rijn, A.R.A.; Jansen-Jacobs, M.J. [42] Suriname K002916452 Yes
Vásquez, R.; Murphy, H.; Criollo, G. [2336] Peru K002916487 Yes
Freeman, W.G.; Williams, R.O. [11396] Trinidad and Tobago K002916416 Yes
Holguer Lugo, S. [1043] Ecuador K002916471 Yes
s.coll. [1280] Bolivia K002916515 Yes
Syafiq, W.P.W.; Kiew, R.; Rafidah, A.R.; Nazrah, A.R.U.; Eryani, S.S.; Imin, K. [FRI 94410] Malaysia K001893181 No
Klug, G. [3925] Peru K002916522 Yes
Brown, T.W. [75] Venezuela K002916504 Yes
Clark, H.L. [6417] Venezuela K002916505 Yes
Nasution, R. [71] Indonesia K002916530 Yes
Schunke Vigo, J. [1270] Peru K002916524 Yes
Peru K:SPC-44450.000 No
s.coll. [10297] Bolivia K002916518 Yes
Gentle, P.H.; Lundell, C.L. [2160] Belize K002916385 Yes
Maguire, B. [23870] Suriname K002916454 Yes
Maas, P.J.M.; Koek-Noorman, J.; Lall, H.; ter Welle, B.J.H; Westra, L.Y.T. [7442] Guyana K002916428 Yes
Matuda, E. [2597] Mexico K002916377 Yes
Holm-Nielsen, L.; Jaramillo, J.; Coello, F.; Azanza, E. [25681] Ecuador K002916482 Yes
s.coll. [1028] Guyana K002916443 Yes
Matuda, E. [3701] Mexico K002916376 Yes
Hostmann [444] Suriname K002916456 Yes
Belshaw, C.M. [3452] Peru K002916485 Yes
Bassett Maguire; Stahel, G. [22768] Suriname K002916453 Yes
Lewis, W.H.; Blackwell, W.H.; Hawker, J.L.; Little, C.O.; Nowicke, J.W. [3406] Panama K002916498 Yes
Jenman [5724] Guyana K002916422 Yes
Hugh-Jones, D.Ll. [183] Colombia K002916509 Yes
Anderson [s.n.] Saint Vincent and the Grenadines K002916406 Yes
Parker [s.n.] Guyana K002916433 Yes
Valerio, M. [31] Costa Rica K002916403 Yes
Hostmann [444] Suriname K002916455 Yes
s.coll. [[63]] Belize K002916390 Yes
André, É. [363] Brazil K002916463 Yes
Funk, V.A.; Umaña, G.; Smith, F.O.; et al. [10926] Costa Rica K002916395 Yes
Jansen-Jacobs, M.J.; ter Welle, B.J.H.; Görts-van Rijn, A.R.A.; Ek, R.C. [1085] Guyana K002916430 Yes
Acevedo-Rodriguez, P.; Bell, D.; Rankin, K.; Smith, S.F. [8823] Peru K002916523 Yes
Mendoza, M. [535] Bolivia K002916519 Yes
Burch, D.; Oliver, R.L.; Solís, R. [1096] Panama K002916496 Yes
Zamora, N.; Aguilar, R.; Bills, G.; Martín, N. [1900] Costa Rica K002916394 Yes
Hardy, T. [245] Guyana K002916441 Yes
Tonduz, A.D. [14640] Costa Rica K002916402 Yes
s.coll. [F927] Guyana K002916423 Yes
Lehmann [8825] Colombia K002916490 Yes
Cremers, G.; Crozier, F. [14600] French Guiana K002916462 Yes
[Rudre] [s.n.] Colombia K002916507 Yes
Appun, C.F. [248] Guyana K002916439 Yes
Alcázar, E. [138] Costa Rica K002916400 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] Panama K002916492 Yes
Wood, J.R.I. [11691] Bolivia K002916521 Yes
Heyde; Lux [3877] Guatemala K002916387 Yes
Lockie, J.R. [L10] Guyana K002916446 Yes
Schomburgk [40] Guyana K002916434 Yes
André, É. [363] Colombia K002916512 Yes
Matuda, E. [16615] Mexico K002916378 Yes
Vargas, G.; Herrera, G.; Rivera, G.; Gomez, L.D. [1344] Costa Rica K002916401 Yes
Quesada, F. [354] Costa Rica K002916398 Yes
[Saris] [s.n.] Colombia K002916511 Yes
Lewis, G.P.; Lozano, P. [2766] Ecuador K002916476 Yes
Tracey [339] Colombia K002916489 Yes
Solano, J. [24] Costa Rica K002916404 Yes
Ramirez, J.; Arias, J.; Alvarez, O.; Ramirez, F.; Pipoly, J. [18061] Colombia K002916508 Yes
McDowell, T.; Gopaul, D.; Bowdre, J. [4222] Guyana K002916436 Yes
Holm-Nielsen, L.; Alarcon, R.; Andrade, R. [19133] Ecuador K002916466 Yes
McDowell, T.; Gopaul, D.; Bowdre, J. [4222] Guyana K002916450 Yes
s.coll. [F173] Guyana K002916444 Yes
s.coll. [582] Mexico K002916379 Yes
De Granville, J.J.; Roesel, C.; Brothers, L. [11271] French Guiana K002916426 Yes
Krukoff, B.A. [10297] Bolivia K002916517 Yes
Holguer Lugo, S. [4370] Ecuador K002916469 Yes
Balslev, H.; Henderson, A.; Kristensen, F.B. [62277] Ecuador K002916481 Yes
Altson [580] Guyana K002916431 Yes
Lundell, C.L. [4271] Belize K002916382 Yes
Drake [s.n.] Guyana K002916424 Yes
Schipp, W.A. [207] Belize K002916383 Yes
Sparrow, M.; Brewster, P. [VERA122] Mexico K002916375 Yes
Fendler, A. [854] Trinidad and Tobago K002916413 Yes
Smith, H.H. [2273] Colombia K002916491 Yes
Holguer Lugo, S. [4502] Ecuador K002916474 Yes
Holguer Lugo, S. [1059] Ecuador K002916468 Yes
s.coll. [66] K002916513 Yes
Hohenkerk, L.S. [D26] Guyana K002916432 Yes
s.coll. [[RB129]] Guyana K002916445 Yes
Parker [s.n.] Guyana K002916438 Yes

Sources

  • Angiosperm Extinction Risk Predictions v1

    • Angiosperm Threat Predictions
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

  • Catálogo de Plantas y Líquenes de Colombia

    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Colombian resources for Plants made Accessible

    • ColPlantA 2021. Published on the Internet at http://colplanta.org
    • https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

  • Herbarium Catalogue Specimens

    • 'The Herbarium Catalogue, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the Internet http://www.kew.org/herbcat [accessed on Day Month Year]'. Please enter the date on which you consulted the system.
    • Digital Image © Board of Trustees, RBG Kew http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

  • Kew Backbone Distributions

    • The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants 2025. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and https://powo.science.kew.org/
    • © Copyright 2023 World Checklist of Vascular Plants. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

  • Kew Names and Taxonomic Backbone

    • The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants 2025. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and https://powo.science.kew.org/
    • © Copyright 2023 International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

  • Kew Science Photographs

    • Copyright applied to individual images

  • Neotropikey

    • Milliken, W., Klitgard, B. and Baracat, A. (2009 onwards), Neotropikey - Interactive key and information resources for flowering plants of the Neotropics.
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

  • Universidad Nacional de Colombia

    • ColPlantA database
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Useful Plants and Fungi of Colombia

    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Useful Plants of Boyacá Project

    • ColPlantA database
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0